
Class. 
Book_ 






Copyright]? . 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



yjrsr 











Oiu^y yfux~^t/ 





The Daily Union 
history of 

Atlantic City and County, 



new jersey. 



CONTAINING SKETCHES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT OF ATLANTIC CITY 

AND COUNTY. WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS 

SPECIALLY PREPARED. 



BY 

JOHN F. HALL. 

COPYRIGHTED JUNE, 1899 



T 



ISSUED FROM THE OFFICE OF 

THE DAILY UNION PRINTING COMPANY 

ATLANTIC CITY, N. J 

1900 









CONTENTS 



(Library of C< 

Two Copies Rei 
JUL 23 1900 

Copyright entry 

>«*// /S99 

SECOND COPY. 
ORDER DIVISION, 

AUG 9 1900 



Introduction 5 

Acknowledgment 7 

Atlantic County 11 

Atlantic City Before Railroads 169 

Advance in Real Estate 315 

Atlantic City Hotels 233 

Allen Block :-i 

Atlautic City Bar ■"■■"' 

Assemblymen 63 

Atlantic County Bar 39 

Batsto 81 

Bac •aeli ,v Sons 322 

Bakersville HO 

Brigantiue 353 

Board of Healtu 330 

Boardwalk and Piers 253 

Building the San-nit Gauge 193 

Bounds of "1,1 Gi way 101 

Beautiful Lougpori -"'-IT 

( Vnsus 136 

Central M. E. Church 301 

City Officials from 1854 157 

City Coat of Alius 139 

iiiy Water Supply 213 

City Hospital 327 

City Appropriations for 1900 343 

City Resources for 1'- '■'•^'■'- 

i 'hief Calorie's Address 1" 

Cottage Homes 227 

Climate at the Shore -"! 

County Medical Society 330 

Cost of City Government 342 

County Bar Association 53 

('.unity Clerks 59 

Dolf Parker's AdveJiture 145 

Drives and G 1 Roads 339 

Easter at the Shore 245 

Earliest Settlers 137 

Egg Haibol- City m 

Early Cluircb History JsT 

Episcopal Church "i Ascension 281 

Election Returns 135 

Easter Railroad Records 251 

First Baptist Church 277 

First Church at May's Lauding 309 

First i 'olored Man." 341 

First Iron Pier 260 

First M. E. Church UT:: 

First Presbyterian < 'hureb 27o 

First Public Building... i v ::4i 

First Quail and Rabbit .Tl'.i 

First Visit and First Train 17:: 

First Railroad 177 

Five Banks 311 

Friendship M. E. Church 305, 

Fire Department 147 

ii Presbyterian < 'hurch 283 



Sj s 



Golf at the Country dub 338 

Hammonton 60 

Horse Show 243 

Hotel l.uray I'll 

Hotel Rates and Capacity -.:7 

Hotel Rudolph 239 

Hotel Windsor 2:;:> 

Homoeopathic Club 331 

II. it< -Is mi Easter Sunday 25] 

Iinportant Trials 47 

Indians 

Invalids 203 

i.;i.\ Judges 05 

Land Company ami Surf Hotel 187 

Leading Churches 27:; 

Life in the Sands, by Dr. Baily 363 

Map of the County 8 

Marin. ■ Algae ::">7 

Members of Council 344 

Morris Guards 333 

Xew Steel Pier 261 

Sewspapers '•'•-'■' 

Ocean Piers 27.7 

Old Gloucester Comity 17 

c n.l c 'hurch at Weymouth 303 

Old Fort and Its Defenders 07 

Old Church at Tuckahoe 309 

Old Salt Works 155 

Olivet Presbyterian Church 285 

Our Lady, star of tin- Sen 299 

Persistent Publicity 325 

Port Republic ^' 

Pleasant Mills 103 

Plenty of Wild Game 139 

Plenty of Black Snakes -"41 

Prosecutors of the Pleas 57 

Public Schools 263 

Ryon Adams Moves Up 167 

Real Estate Investment Co 313 

School Superintendents 63 

Sea Air 353 

Sheriffs 61 

Six Thousand Buildings 319 

Sketch of .Old Weymouth 2:'. 

South Jersey in Congress 34.", 

St. Andrew's Lutheran Church 305 

St. Nicholas' It. C. Church 295 

St. Paul M. E. Church 281 

Stan- Senators < K 

Storms and Winks 141 

Supreme Court Judges 59 

Surrogates 61 

Walker's Forge 109 

West Family 35 

West Jersey Railroad 199 



BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX. 



Plate. 

Ab i. Chas. T 444 

Abbott, Josepb E. P 346 

Adams, Alfred, Sr 

Adams, Alfred, Jr 184 

Adams, Clement .1 208 

Adams, Israel (i 268 

Adams. Israel Scull 120 

Adams, Harrold F 116 

Adams, .lames It 162 

Adams. John I! 50 

Adams, Lewis It 186 

Aikinan, James XI 172 

Albertson, Levi C 370 

Allen. George 24 

J'.aake. Charles A 176 

Bi >ck, ''harles G 154 

Jta. harioh, Hal IV 316 

Bally, Alfred \V 274 

Ball, Joseph 

Barstow, Joseph A 36 

Balliet, l. How 304 

Bartlett, William G ::ti 

Hell. William A 14s 

Boysen, Theo. II 121 

Brown, Benj. II 58 

Bryant, John 1 62 

Bryant, Lewis 4' 64 

Breder, George I' 123 

Buyer, Charles I! 

Berehtoldt, F 127 

Boiee, Peter and wife 328 

Boice, Henry 

Bourgeois, George A 

Byrnes. Itiehanl .1 Tn 

Champion, John B 30 

Champion, Joseph s 170 

Collins! John .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'. ~60 
Cook, Prankliii I' 136 

Colwell. Stephen 

('.mover. Smith 174 

Cordery, Enoch 42 

Corson. Uo.hnan 96 

Corson. Walter A 290 

Corilei.v. Mary Clark 459 

Crosby. George W 302 

Crosby, 0. II 306 

Cresse, Lewis XI S24 

Cromwell. Lv.lia II 221 

Cnia ie. George F 12 

Darnall. Win. Edgar 

Davis. Hannah Somers -Hi 

Deakyne, II. II 146 

lievine. Michael A 34 

Dlckerson, Thos. .1 44 

Disston. Ilenrv 90 

Down, L. A. .' 

Endicott, Allen i; ::!n; 

Endleott, Charles G :ni4 

Ei ■on. George 4' 392 

Endicott, Mordecai 4' 398 

'harles 14 



Sketch. 
44.4 
443 



Kvans 



is 



Farrell, William E 

F -an. .lolin .1 296 

Fleming, Caleb K 258 

Fie g, John I; 270 

Pralinger, Joseph 128 

French, John 4' 66 

Garrison, Win. I 

Gardner, John J 16 

Gardiner, Win. G 298 

Godfrey, Carlton 32 

Godfrey, Burrows C mil 

Gorman, John I. liio 

H.ston, Alfred M 47(1 

Higbee, Enoch A 168 

Heckler, Henry 

Hoopes, .Maltha E 320 

Hoopes, Win. G 318 

Hoffman. V. P 114 

Hoffman, Samuel I> 2* 



loll 

454 
153 
152 



I oS 

158 
516 



a 142. 

In.lson. Shepherd S 130 

ugersoll, K it II 330 

leian. Emory I) 

ackson, G 'ge W 

aekson, XIareellus I 

acobs, John C 122 

eflries. X. .1 132 

i.r.lan. Allien M !I2 

ov. .1. Addison 210 

;.-llev, Arthur W 152 

tollov, Samuel II 156 

Cnehnle. Louis. Sr 220 

Is. Koheit I: ins 

.o.i Jacob ii lsn 

, Edward S 366 

.inyeiman, Joseph i: :;il 

,oudenslager. Win. B 38 

-ippineott, Barclaj 

la.ldi a E. II 94 

lad.len. Ilosea 

lehrer, John 10 is 

lorris, Daniel .424 

loise. Silas It 266 

Iniison. XI. 1 280 

IcConnell, Tobias 

.■orlli. Edward 76 

torth, James 112 

,'orth. Joseph 11.. Sr 74 

Isborue. Richard 1'. 17s 

is-oo.l. Cyrus I" ?o 

villi. Clarence I'm 

'. uniugton. B. C in; 

•arkhurst. I.. II 

'arsons. John W 314 

•erry, Samuel K L24 

'ollanl. Win. M 52 

: 1. Thomas K 54 

teed. Edward S 188 

>"il. Lewis. St 422 

tichards, Beuj. W s, ; 

tichards, .less.- s ( 

tichards, John 

tichards, Samuel I; 1 ■,, 

tli h:, 1.I-. William 82 

142 



Uochford. Job 

Ity.,11. .la 



2H; 



288 

ai. I'a r.loii 272 

aufler, Alois H'. 

leellt. Adolph oil 

seinan. Wilson . . 40 

11. Louis P US 

II. Ilenrv S 

II. Joseph 132 

II. Lewis. W 4::u 

y, Waller c ::i,s 

i.is. Job B 4.44 

thwiek. .lames ll 9S 

eki Ifor.l. W. E lis 

imway, II. J 194 



469 


Stephany, AugnsI 


"14 


41 111 


Stephauy. Roberl E 


2S2 


47n 


sn. van w. Blair 


IS" 


471 


sioy. Franklin 1' 




4.1 


Stiles, Arthur II 


Ill" 




Smith. Thomas .1 


7S 


47" 






472 


Thompson. Joseph 


"'I 








47.4 


Tilton, Wilbur It 




474 


1 Imer, 1 'harles E 


1211 


473 


Vaughn. Shepherd II 


'".12 


474 


Wahl. Charles F 


mi; 


475 


Westeolt. John S 


284 


4.5 






475 


White. Daniel S.. Jr 




477 






4,7 


W ion. Jonah, Jr 


164 


516 






47s 


Wright, Elias 


286 


479 


Wright. Willard 


26 


477 


Young. .1 I 


in 


516 


VoiiiiL'iuan. M. D 


251; 



is: 1 
It 11 1 
Hill 
190 
I'. 1 1 



Introduction . . . . 
Albei'tson Farnilj 
Babcock Family. 

Iartl It 1- anilv 
Boice Family. . . . 
Bryant Family. . 
(Mark Family. . . . 
Collins Family. . . 
Dorjghty Family. 
Endicott Family. 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



376 
378 
379 
384 
388 
3!)1 



Frambes Family . . 
Lake Family. . .'. 

I Is Family 

Pennington Family. 
Reed Family. ... 
Richards Family. . . 

Scull Family...' 

Somers Family. 
Steelman Family... 
Townsend Family. . 



421 

424 
t28 
433 
438 

44n 



INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Above i he < Houds 

An (Mil Whaler 

Atlantic Avenue in 1870 

Allen Store and Flats 

Aylesford Mansion 

Bachararh Building 

lank Eaildings 

/ Bargaintown Mill 

' Batsto Lake '.'.'.'.'.'.' 

Batsto Store and Lawn 

Beach Scenes 241 

Beach Scene at Longport 

Beach Scenes of lsiii 

Beautiful Longport 

Bellevue Avenue, Hammonton... . 

Beach and Boats 

Bell Buoy, Absecon Inlet 

Birthplace of Hannah Somers Davis. .. . 

Boardwalk and Steel Pier 

Boardwalk and i'oungs Pier 

Boardwalk View..... 

City Hall. Egg Harbor City '.'.'.' 

Catawba Church 

i 'a taw ha Graves 

i Vntral ( Jhurch, Bakersville 

City Seal 

City War Money 

Colwell Mansion 

Cottage Homes of 

Allen. George 

Adams. c. J [ 

Champion, John B 

< irosby, George W 

< Ihampion, Jos. s 

Currie, George F 

1 lown. L. A 

Evans. Charles 

Evans. Lewis 

Fleming, .7. R ' 

First Mayor 

Godfrey, B. C 

Godfrey, Carlton 

Hemsley, Fred 

Jacobs, Mrs. J. c 

Jordan, A. M 

Kelley. S. H 

Munson, L. M 

North. James 

Parsons, B. G 

Parsons, John w 

Petroff, E. J 

Quiglev, I'. V 

Reed. E. L 

Somers. Samuel 

Sweigard, A. L 

Thorn i 'so n. Joseph 

Young, John I 

Upham < !o1 tage 

Wahl. Win. F 

Cottages ai Longport 

Country Club House. Xorthtield 

Country Road in Egg Hail, or City 

use and Jail 



14(1 
4J(l 
321 
103 
211 
312 



192 
354 
244 



L'lC, 
218 
230 



229 
230 

232 



23n 
_';:n 
215 
232 
352 
238 



De 



ilia- 



Dewey Wine Vaults 

1 (ought y i 'ahin 

Faster on the Board Walk 

Egg Harbor Scl I House. 

Endicott Homestead 

First Boardwalk 

First City Hall 

First City Depot 



Four Legs 

Friends' Meeting Hous 

First Jail 

Friendship Church. . . . 
Galen Hall. 



3.-.I1 

301 
342 



Group of Ch 

up 



cb.es. 

• He 



w Leeds. 
Leeds. . . 
Leeds 



House at Etna Furnace. . 

Hospital, Shi, will- Boiee . 

Hotel Nlesworth. ... 

Hotel Rudolf .'. 

Hotel Shelhtirne. . 

Hotel Luray 

Hotel st. Charles 

Hotel Traymore 

H i I Win |, r 

Inlet Seenes 

Insane Asylum 

In Days of Old 

Isz.inl Iron Foundry 

Lighthouse 

Longport Breakers .' 

Mansion House ii, 1876. .. 
Morris Guards 



321 
24S 
234 
238 
242 



138 

13 

260 

348 

ti'ii 



Mo 



New steel Pier 

Net Haul on Young',, pier 
eld Church at Tin kahoe . 
"1,1 Church at Weymouth. 
did Etna Furnace... 



old B 

old c 
old III 
Old Si 
Old-tii 

( Mil s, 

Old S, 

Paper Mill 
Paper Mill 
Pond at V 
Pumping S 
Penningtoi 
Residence 
Residence 
Richards' 
Richards' ' 



holie I 
111 Hon 

r Hoi is 

■ Ha tin 
i„,l II,, 



r.li 



Mills i,,.-, 



Ity 



Ada 



if Judge Byrnes 

,f William J. Smith. 

lansion 

arils and Barns 

House 



Saalman Vine 

Sailboat in clouds 

Salem Church 

Si -haulier's Hotel 

S.-a Algae 

Sea and Sky 

Seaside House 

State Senator's Home. . 
si. Nicholas' Church. .. 

Sea shells 

The Boiler Chair. . 
Tomb of Jess,- Richards 
The City from the Ocei 
In. 1,-r Full Sail 

I llite,! Slates Hotel. . .. 

Views ,,f Long Ago. . . . 

Yacht Ri 

Zion Church 



. ... . 291 

235 

.358, 360 

..... Jin 

LT.l I 

108 

295 

.3114. 3117 
2(13 

83 

235 

24.". 

.... 233 

.... 244 

22 

..'.'.'. 289 




Introduction. 



^ UNDREDS of bright writers have found pleasure and profit in 
picturing Atlantic City, these many years, and it is more of a 
pastime than a task for one who. during the last twenty years 
has been writing of and for the city, to tell the story of its 
phenomenal growth and gratifying prosperity. From the 
most inaccessible and least habitable corner, this island has 
become the most populous and attractive business centre of 
Atlantic County. From a briar-covered area of duck ponds 
and sand hills, these acres have become a modern city of fine hotels and handsome 
cottages, and attractive stores and business blocks; a summer health resort, and 
winter sanitarium, with regularly laid out and paved streets; ample water supply; 
complete sewerage; electric lights; first-class fire protection, and all the appoint- 
ments of a modern city. 

From being the home and plantation of a stalwart soldier of the Revolution, 
the scene of shipwrecks, and a resort for an occasional sportsman, and summer 
"beach parties," this strip of sand on the edge of the Continent has become famed 
throughout the world as the most popular bathing resort in summer and the 
most comfortable and satisfactory health resort in winter, for persons who would 
escape the vigorous climate of Northern cities, and find rest and milder tempera- 
ture not too far from great business centres. 

Natural causes and well warranted enterprises have operated to effect the 
remarkable changes of forty-five years. The decline of Atlantic County in thrift, 
and manufacturing enterprises, is not less striking than the rise of Atlantic City 
like a Phoenix from forbidding sand dunes to be what it is to-day. 

English Quakers and their associates, two hundred years ago, took posses- 
sion of West Jersey in search of religious liberty, ami laid the foundation for the 
thrift and progress which has followed through their descendants. They dealt 
justly with the Indians and lived peaceably with each other, and made it possible 
for an educated, religious, and prosperous people to subdue the wilderness, erect 
glass and iron works, build ships out of the cedar swamps, and enjoy the great 
natural privileges of the bays and rivers of the coast. 

In spite of the devastation of the War for Independence the progress of 
West lersev continued. Roads were opened, churches built, and good old-fash- 

(5) 



6 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

ioned families raised. The sailors and whalers from Long Island and New Eng- 
land moved down the coast, till the territory now included in Atlantic County. 
at the beginning of the century, had a population of four thousand, which ri ft \ 
years later, when the first railroad was built, had increased to ten thousand people. 

To -ketch clearly and concisely the honorable record of Atlantic County 
since it was created, and forge accurately the strong links in the interesting chain 
of events that have made Atlantic City as the stranger rinds it to-day, its favored 
location, out in the sea, its sanitary conditions and surroundings, its commendable 
enterprises, its leading citizens, its popular features, up-to-date hotels, and unsur- 

- railroad facilities will he the scope and purpose of this book. 




nrr*iTiT.Tas 







BEACH SCENE. ATLANTIC CITY. 



n 



CKNOWLEDGMENT. 



'HE writer would make due acknowledgment to all whose assistance and 
encouragement has made it possible at so much labor and expense to com 
St. pile this book. An earnesl endeavor has been made nol to disappoint our 
friends and to produce a volume thai will be accepted as authentic history, 
giving proper credit to the good men and n > the enterprise- that have contributed 
so much to the early development of Atlantic County, and to the more recent up- 
building of Atlantic City. 

To Rear-Admiral Mordecai 1. Endicott, Chief of the Bureau of Yards and 
Ducks. Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C, are we indebted for the 
sketches of the Pennington and Endicott families. 

To Miss Gertrude Albertson, especially, are we indebted for compiling the 
records nf the Leeds, Scull, Lake and < ollins families and otherwise assisting. 

To Arthur W. Kelley, Esq., for article- on the county bar, important trial-. 
ilii Ci iurts, lay judges, etc. 

To Air. Hubert Somers are we indebted for researches in the line ol the 
Somers and Frambes genealog} 

To Mr. Valentine 1'. Hoffman, for hi- authentic -ketch of Egg Harbor City; 
to Dr. |ame- North, for original designs and the story of Hammonton; to Dr. 
W. Blair Stewart, for his article mi Sea Air: to Mr-. M. S. McCullough, for hei 
chapter on Sea Algae; to Dr. A. W. Baily, for his story of Shell Fish. 

To Edward S. Reed and to S. R. Morse, for views of Atlantic City, and to 
others who have taken a kindly interest in and generous!) co-operated in the 
production of this volume do we extend our thanks and acknowledge our lasting 
obligate >n- 

The Author. 



(7) 



Zhc Xast of tbe Unbians. 




THERE are still to be seen in Atlantic County a few of the skull 
bones, flint arrowheads, earthen pots and stone hatchets of 
the red men who populated this region for centuries before 
the days of William Penn. A few of the shell mounds are 
still left along the coast where their campfires burned when 
they feasted on the products of the bays. There were Indian 
shell mounds on this island when the white man first came 
here not far from the present site of the Island House at 
iltic and Georgia avenues. 
In the sand hills nearby Indian bones were unearthed by Andrew Leeds 
about 1850. and were carefully preserved till quite recently. 

The Delaware Indian occupied all of Xew Jersey south of the Raritan river, 
and were a branch of the large and powerful Leni Lenappi tribe of Xew York 
State. By an act of the Colonial legislature of August, 1758, on record in the 
State Library, it is recited that the legislature to satisfy the just demands and 
wants of the Indians, appointed five commissioners to pay them from any money 
"which may be current for the present war." for any and all just rights and claims 
that may be due the Indian nations of the Colony. Such sum shall not exceed 
1600 pounds, and that for the Delawares south of the Raritan the sum so ex- 
pended shall not exceed 800 pounds. 

The Delawares wanted part of the money expended for land on which they 
could settle, and the legislature wanted the Indians to have in their view "a last- 
ing monument" to the justice of the Colony toward them. Careful provision was 
made for the protection of the Indians on such reservation. On August 29, 1758. 
Benjamin Springer and Hannah, his wife, sold to this commission in the name 
of Governor Francis Bernard, for 74 pounds, 3044 acres of land at Edge Pillock. 
near Atsion. in Burlington County. It is now known as Indian .Mills. Here 
for years John Brainard, the famous missionary, labored among them before the 
Revolution when the settlement was called Brotherton. 

The legislature provided for raising money by lottery to pay for these lands. 
From 1758 to about 1800 this remnant of the Delaware tribe, about sixty persons, 
were in possession of these lands and enjoyed hunting and fishing privileges 
elsewhere. 

( >n March 17, Vjofc, the legislature appointed another commission to lease 
these lands and apply the proceeds to the needs of the Indians, which was done. 
Another act passed December 3, 1801. provided for the sale of the Brotherton 
tract, the proceeds to be applied to the removal of the survivors to Stockbridge, 
near Oneida lake, in Columbia County, New York. The two tribes had agreed 
to unite. After several years at Stockbridge, in conjunction with several other 
tribes, they purchased of the Menomonie Indians a tract of land near Green Bay, 
in Michigan, on the Fox river, and formed a settlement there called Statesburg. 

('■») 



10 DAILY <JNI< IN HIST( »RY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

They subsisted almost entirely from agricultural pursuit-. In [832, when only 
about forty of the Delawares were left, cherishing a tradition of their hunting and 
fishing rights in New Jersey, which they bad abandoned, they delegated B. S. 
Calvin, one of the tribe, to obtain from the New Jersey legislature compensation 
for tbeir relinquishment. Bartholomew S. Calvin, among his own people, was 
known as Shawuskukung or Wilted Grass, lie was educated at Princeton Col- 
lege at the expense of the Scotch Missionary Society, and taught school for years 
both for whites and Indians at Brotherton. He was a soldier in the Revolution 
and was highly respected. He was 70 years of age when he presented to the 
legislature his numerously signed petition, written in his own hand. The petition 
was referred to a special committee, which recommended the payment of $2,000. 
which was promptly done and was all that was asked. 

CALVIN'S ADDRESS. 

My Brethren: — I am old and weak and poor, and therefore a fit representa- 
tive of my people. You are young and strong and rich, and therefore fit repre- 
sentatives nf your people. But let me beg you for a moment to lay aside the 
recollection of your strength and our weakness that your minds ma\ lie pre- 
pared to examine with candor the subject of our claims. 

( )ur tradition informs us. and I believe it corresponds with your records, that 
tin- right of fishing in all the rivers and bays south of the Raritan. and of hunting 
in all uninclosed lands, was never relinquished, but on the contrary was expressly 
reserved in our last treaty held at Crosswicks, in 1758. 1 laving myself been one 
oi the parties to the sale. I believe in 1801. I know that these right- wire not -old 
or parted with. 

We now off< r to sell these privileges to the State of New Jersey. They were 
once of great value to us and we apprehend that neither time nor distance nor 
the non-use of our rights has at all affected them, but that the court- here would 
consider our claims valid were we to exercise them ourselves or delegate them 
to other-. 

It is not. however, our wish to thus excite litigation. We consider the State 
legislature the proper purchaser and throw ourselves upon its benevolence and 
magnanimity, trusting that feeling- of justice and liberality will induce you to 
give what you deem a compensation. 

And as we have ever looked up to the leading character- of the United States, 
and to the leading characters of this State in particular, as our fathers, protectors 
and friends, we now look up to you as such and humbly beg that you will look 
upon us with that eye of pity, as we have reason to think our poor untutored 
forefathers looked upon yours, when they first arrived upon our then extensive 
but uncultivated dominions and sold them their lands, in many instances, for 
trifles in comparison as "light as air.'" 

From Your Humble Petitioners, 

Bartholomew S. Calvin, 
In Behalf of Himself and His Red Brethren. 
Trenton. X. ).. March. [832. 




L< lUCESTER C< >1 'XTY at one time extended from the Delaware to the 
sea, including what is now Camden, Atlantic and Gloucester Counties. 
Camden was made a count) b) an act of the legislature passed March i.v 
[844, seven years after Atlantic County had been created. 




COUNTY JAIL AND COURT HOUSE AT MAY'S LANDING. 



( )n February 7. 1837. an act was pass( 
were then only four large townships or voting 



creating Atlantic County. There 
daces in this count) : Egg Harbor, 
Weymouth, Hamilton and < ialloway. Mullica was created later out of Galloway, 
and the town of Hammonton out of Mullica. Buena Vista, in 1807. was created 
out of Hamilton and Atlantic City set off from Egg Harbor township in 1854. 

( 'I I 




GEORGE F. CURRIE. 




SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 13 

The first deed was recorded by J. II. Collins, the first county clerk, on May 
4. 1837. and was for 40 acres of land in Egg Harbor township, sold by 1). Robart 
and wife to Samuel Saunders. 

Samuel Richards and wife gave the Board of Freeholders the lot at Mays 
Landing- for the county buildings, by deed dated May 25. 1838, and the present 
court house was soon after erected thereon. 

At the annual meeting of the Board of Freeholders of Gloucester County, 
held in .May, 1836, 28 members constituted the Hoard, while at the annual meet- 
ing on the 10th of May. 1837, 20 members composed that body, the townships 

of Hamilton, Weymouth, Egg Harbor 
ig - *^ and Galloway having been set off from 

I q£ Gloucestei County, forming a new count) 

irfjEmf ~-ii|ma»te~ - -Sttfii \tlantic, legislature, 

passed the 7th day of February, A. D. 1837. 
At this meeting commissioners were appoint- 
ed to value the public buildings at Woodbury, 
the almshouse property, and other assets of 
the County of Gloucester, and to ascertain 

OLD ISZARD FOUNDRY. ' . 

what proportion of such valuation would be 
due to the county of Atlantic, according to the ratio of population determined by 
the last census. 

The commissioners appointed for Gloucester County were: John Clements. 
Elijah Bower and Saunders; for Atlantic County. Daniel Baker, Joseph Endicott 
and Enoch Doughty. These gentlemen met at the court house in Woodbury 
on the 9th day of May, 1837, at 10 o'clock, and were each sworn or affirmed 
faithfully and impartially to value the public properties of Gloucester County, 
which appears as follows: 

Two tracts of land in Deptford township, adjoining lands of John 

Swope, containing 24847-100 acres $ 850 00 

Movable property at almshouse 3-7^8 00 

The entire almshouse lands, with the buildings and improvements. .. 16,150 00 
The courthouse, jail, clerks and surrogates' offices, with their contents, 
with all other property at Woodbury, "including the man 
( )'Hoy" 11.400 00 

Total $32,128 00 

From which deduct the debts of the county 7-932 55 

Balance to be divided between the two counties $24,195 45 

Bv the census taken in 1830, the county of Gloucester contained 
28,431 inhabitants, of that number 8,164 were contained in the 
townships of Galloway. Egg Harbor, Weymouth and Hamilton, 
composing the new county of Atlantic, its proportional share or 

part was placed at 6,947 75 

Gloucester County's proportional share I7. 2 47 69 

Total 24,195 45 




CHARLES EVANS. 



SKI'.TCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 



15 



The above report was submitted to the respective Boards of Freeholders of 
the counties of Gloucester and Atlantic, with the sincere wish, now that their in- 
terests arc about to be separated, that in all the future transactions and intercourse 
of the officers and inhabitants of the said district with each other, they may ever 
be actuated by the same charity, forbearance and goodwill, that we trust and 
believe, have governed us in our labors to arrive at the conclusion a-- above stated. 

The above report was signed by all of the commissioners and approved by 
the respective Boards of Freeholders. 




^ t 




COUNTY ASYLUM AT SMITH'S LANDING. 

Atlantic County has been still further divided up into cities and boroughs 
till now it has 28 voting precincts instead of the original four of 60 years ago. 
Atlantic City was incorporated in [854, Egg Harbor City in (858, Hammonton 
in [865, Buena \ ista in 1S0-, Absecon in 1872, and Somers Point, Pleasantville, 
Limvood, Brisrantine City, and South Atlantic Citv more recently. 





HON. JOHN J. GARDNER. 



_(9i 

»ketcb of ©lb (Gloucester ©ount\>. 



Fenton, of Trenton, in 1834, contains the following inter- 
esting sketches of Gloucester County, of which at that time 
Atlantic County formed a part. 

Absecum. — A post town of Galloway township, on Abse- 
cnin creek, about two miles above Absecum bay, contains 
a tavern, a store and 8 or 10 dwellings, surrounded by sand 
and pine forests. 

Absecum Beach (Atlantic City), on the Atlantic Ocean, 
extends eastwardly from Great Egg Harbor Inlet, about 9 
miles to Absecum Inlet; broken, however, by a narrow inlet 
near midway between its extremities. 

Bargaintown, in Egg Harbor township, 4 miles from 
Egg Harbor bay, contains 2 taverns, 1 store, a grist mill, 
Methodist Church and about 30 dwellings. 







<H ; 




OLD BARGAINTOWN GRIST MILL. 



(17) 




HON. LEWIS EVANS. 



SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY 19 

Gravelly Landing (Port Republic), of Galloway township. 40 miles southeast 
of Woodbury, the county seat, and 79 miles from Trenton, on Xacote creek, 
contains a tavern, a store and 10 or 12 dwellings. 

Leeds Point, post town, in ( ialloway township, 83 miles from Trenton, con- 
tains a store and tavern and 4 or 5 houses. 

Martha Furnace, on the ( Iswego branch of Wading river, about 4 miles 
above navigation, in Washington township, Burlington County, has a grist and 
saw mill and iron furnace; makes about 750 tons of castings annually, employ- 
ing 60 hands, making a population of nearly 400, requiring 30 or 40 dwellings. 
There are about 30,000 acres in the estate. 

Mays Lauding, of Hamilton township, on the Great Egg Harbor river, at 
the head of sloop navigation, 16 miles from the sea and 35 miles southeast from 
Woodbury and 73 miles from Trenton, built on both sides of the river, contains 
3 taverns, 4 stores, a Methodist Church and 25 or 30 dwellings. Considerable 
trade in lumber, cordwood and shipbuilding is carried on at this place. 

Pleasant Mills, of Galloway township, on the Atsion river, contains a tavern. 

2 stores, a glass factory, belonging to Coffin & Co., a cotton factory with 3,000 
spindles, and from 20 to 30 dwellings. 

Somas Point, port of entry for Great Egg Harbor district, on Great Egg 
Harbor bay. Tavern and boarding houses and several farm In mses here. Is 
much resorted to for sea bathing in summer and gunning in the fall season. 

Smithville, village in Galloway, 2 miles from Leeds Point, contains a tavern, 
a store, Methodist meeting house, and 10 or 12 dwellings, surrounded by pines 
and near salt marsh. 

Tuckahoe, on both sides of the Tuckahoe river, over which there is a bridge, 
10 miles from the sea, contains some 20 dwellings, 3 taverns and several stores. 
It is a place of considerable trade in wood, lumber and shipbuilding. The land 
immediately on the river is good, but a short distance from it is swampy and low. 

The post towns of Gloucester County are Absecum, L'.argaintown. Camden, 
an incorporated city, Carpenters Landing, Chews Landing, Clarksboro, Glass- 
boro. Gloucester Furnace, Gravelly Landing, Haddonfield, Hammonton, Jack- 
son Glassworks, Leeds Point, Longacoming, Malaga, Mays Landing, Mullica 
Hill, Pleasant Mills, Smiths Landing, Somers Point, Stephens Creek, Sweedes- 
boro, Tuckahoe, and Woodbury, the seat of justice of the county. 

There are several academies for teaching the higher branches of education 
and primary schools in most of the agricultural neighborhoods. There are also 
established Sunday-schools in most, if not all, the populous villages; a county 
bible society, various tract societies and many temperance associations, which 
have almost rendered the immoderate use of ardent spirits infamous. 

In 1832, the report of the county assessors gave 3,075 householders, whose 
ratables did not exceed $30 in value; 978 single men, 102 stores, 21 fisheries, 45 
grist mills, 2 cotton and 2 woollen factories, 4 carding machines, 4 blast furnaces, 

3 forges, 63 saw mills, 4 fulling mills, 8 ferries, 9 tan yards, 29 distilleries. 7 glass 
factories, 2 four-horse stage wagons, 967 covered wagons with fixed tops. 204 




HON. JOSEPH THOMPSON. 



SKETCH OF OLD GLOUCESTER COUNTY. 21 

riding chairs, gigs, sulkies and pleasure carriages, 4 two-horse stage wagons. 
31 dearborns with steel, iron or wooden springs: and it paid a county tax of 
$10,000; poor tax, $5,000; and road tax, $15,000. 

By the census of 1830 Gloucester County, twelve large townships, contained 
28.431 inhabitants, of whom 13,916 were white males; 12,962 white females; 14 
female slaves; 835 free colored males; 714 free colored females. Of these there 
were deaf and dumb, under 14 years, 64; above 14 and under 30, 73; above 25 
years, 80; blind, 205 white, 22 black: aliens, 3,365. 

There is a county poor house on a farm of 200 acres near Blackwoodstown, 
in Deptford township. 

The following extract from the records of the county presents singular 
features of the polity of the early settlers. It would seem that they considered 
themselves a body politic, a democratic commonwealth, with full power of legis- 
lation, in which the courts participated, prescribing the punishment for each 
offence as it was proven before them. 

Gloucester, the 28th May, 1686. 

By the proprietors, freeholders and inhabitants of the third and fourth tenths 
(alias county of Gloucester), then agreed as follows: 

Imprimis. — That a court be held for the jurisdiction and limits of the afore- 
said tenths, or county, one time at Axwamus, alias Gloucester, and at another 
time at Red Bank. 

Item. — That there be four courts, for the jurisdiction aforesaid, held in one 
year, viz: Upon the first day of the first month, upon the fir.-t day of the fourth 
month, upon the first day of the seventh month, and upon the first day of the 
tenth month. 

Item. — That the first court shall be held at Gloucester, aforesaid, upon the 
first day of September next. 

Item. — That all warrants and summons shall be drawn by the clerk of the 
court and signed by the Justice, and so delivered to the sheriff or his deputy to 
serve. 

Item. — That the body of each warrant shall contain or intimate the nature of 
the action. 

Item. — That a copy of the declaration be given along with the warrant, that 
so the defendant may have the longer time to consider the same, and prepare 
his answer. 

Item. — That all summons and warrants shall be served and declarations 
given at least ten days before the court. 

Item. — That the sheriff shall give the jury summons six days before the court 
be held in which they are to appear. 

Item. — That all persons within the jurisdiction aforesaid bring into the next 
court the marks of their hogs and other cattle in order to be approved and 
recorded. 



22 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

REX vs. WILKES 

Indicted at Gloucester Court, X. J., ioth Sept., 1686, for stealing goods of 
Dennis Lins, from a house in Philadelphia. Defendant pleads guilty, but was 
tried by jury. Verdict guilty, and that prisoner ought to make payment to 
the prosecutor of the sum of sixteen pounds. Sentence: The bench appoints 
that said Wilkes shall pay the aforesaid Lins £16 by way of servitude, viz: If he 
will be bound by indentures to the prosecutor then to serve him the term of four 
years, but if he condescend not thereto, then the court awarded that he should 
be a servant and so abide for the term of five years. And so be accommodated in 
the time of his servitude by his master with meat, drink, clothes, washing and 
lodging according to the customs of the country and fit for such a servant. 

The four townships then comprising what is now Atlantic County had area 
and population as follows, according to the same authority: 

Acres. 181 o 1820 1830 

Egg Harbor 85,000 1,830 1,635 ~-5 10 

Galloway 147,000 1,648 1,895 2,960 

Hamilton 106,000 877 L4 2 4 

Weymouth 50,000 781 1,270 



388,000 



3478 



5-ii 



8,164 




Sketch of ®ib XKHesmoutb. 



Weymouth was in the heart i if 
tin.' cunning beaver alone the 



r TY EYMOUTH IRON WORKS, on the Great Egg Harbor river, six 
miles above Mays Landing, were established in the year 1800 by 
Joseph Ball, Charles Shoemaker, anil two associates, Ashbridge and 
Duberson. The works consisted of a saw mill and an iron forge and a furnace 
for rendering and manufacturing bog iron ore. 
a wild country. The native Indian still huntei 
numerous streams and was paid a premium 
by the authorities for the wolf or panther 
heads which he captured. The original, 
heavy growth of timber covered the country 
and the streams and swamps carried very 
much more water than since the iron horse 
came snorting through the land, blowing 
sparks and landing the careless pioneer from 
whose clearing many a destructive forest fire 
has spread, working havoc among the trees 
and consuming the vegetable accumulation-, 
of centuries on the surface of the soil. Bricks 
were made of the clay found at Weymouth 
in the early days, but their manufacture seems 
to have been limited. 

One Jacob Wintland, a ( iernian. built 
the first iron furnace and east the first iron 
pipes. The furnace stood where the new 
paper mill now is. It was made of stone 
from neighboring quarries and was twenty- 
five or thirty feet high. It was twenty or 
thirty feet square at the bottom, tapering to about fifteen feet square at the 
top. The circular opening in the top was about eight feet in diameter. The 
inside was lined with long, heavy stone that would withstand the heat. Up a 
long wooden bridge or incline, with barrows, men carried the charcoal and iron 
to charge the furnace. It required eight large wagon loads of charcoal daily to 
keep up the blast. Two men were kept constantly busy dumping six large 
baskets of charcoal ever}' few minutes in at the top with a lot of ore. This was 
called a charge, and soon as it had settled sufficiently was charged again, while a 
blast of air from below forced the combustion and maintained a smelting heat, 
and other men removed the molten metal as it ran nut below. 

[-3) 




FURNACE, TeCKAHOE. 







GEORGE ALLEN. 



SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. 25 

The air blast was maintained by a huge bellows driven by water power and 
connecting with the furnace just above the molten metal by means of iron and 
leather pipes. Huge tanks were necessary as air chambers to maintain a steady 
blast. 

Stoves, cannon, cannon balls, pipes of all sizes and other articles were made 
at Weymouth from bog iron ore for many years. Bog iron, formed by chemical 
action, is without the slag or rock which characterizes the ore from the mines, 
and is of a superior quality. Hitching posts still stand along Delaware avenue, 
Philadelphia, which are old cannon made at Weymouth in 1812. They bear the 
imprint W for Weymouth. 

For forty years iron pipes of all sizes from one and a half to twenty inches 
in diameter, but mostly of the smaller sizes, were made at Weymouth, where 
sand for the moulds, hay for winding the cores and charcoal for smelting the 
ore were cheap. 

At the forge with two powerful trip hammers, operated by water power, two 
men could turn out a ton each per week of malleable iron. By a later process 
a ton a day was possible. This was before rolling mills were more than thought 
of. On clear winter mornings the sound of these triphammers could be heard 
in coalings a dozen miles away. To obtain the ore, canals were dug and scows 
were run into the swamps where it abounded, and where it may still be found. 
There are two kinds, one in large sheets from two to six inches thick, and the 
other in fine particles which is known as shot ore. It was smelted in the larger 
furnaces just as pig iron was smelted in the smaller cupulas. 

The late John Clements, of Haddonfield, in his sketch of Atlantic County, 
printed in a volume of the West Jersey Surveyors' Association, in 1880, says: 

"The manufacture of iron in New Jersey from bog or meadow ore may be 
traced to a very early date, and gave employment to many laborers and artisans. 
Much of the largest deposit of this peculiar formation was on the western tribu- 
taries of Atsion or Little Egg Harbor river, in Atlantic County, extending from 
near the sources of these streams as far southwest as where Egg Harbor City 
now stands. As late as 1830 fourteen furnaces and cupulas, and as many forges, 
were in active operation in New Jersey, using only the bog ( ore found in the 
swamps and low lands. Many conveyances are on record showing the purchase 
of land merely for the purpose of removing the surface ore, and after such ore 
had been removed, reverted to the grantor. 

The supply in South Jersey seems to have been pretty nearly exhausted, 
but the old bog ore swamps are again filling up and one hundred years hence 
may find the same places supplied with ore, ready for the furnaces, but never 
again so valuable as it was to our ancestors. The same elements are still there 
and the waters that permeate the soil bringing to the surface the oxide of iron 
which they precipitate when in contact with the atmosphere, is doing the same 
work and producing the same crude material as that used so advantageously by 
the first emigrant settlers in this region. How curious and how interesting would 
be the history of the discovery of iron in West Jersey ! 




WILLARD WRIGHT, M.D. 



SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. 2, 

The discovery of ore in the bogs was perchance by some metal worker fresh 
from his native soil, who for the time, in search of game in the forest, found 
himself knee deep in a slough, covered with a red slimy substance, that stained 
his clothes and hindered his progress; and while contemplating his sad plight, 

discovered what he thought were particles of 
„ JS^E i r " n ore adhering to his dress. From inquiry 

among the Indians, he found they knew 
nothing of its ingredients, and only used it. 
mixed with bear's oil. for war paint, daubing 
their naked bodies and thus making themselves 
hideous to behold. A more careful examina- 
tion proved that in the dryer parts of the 
swamp, the substance was hard and could be 
dug with facility, confirming his suspicions as 
to what it was and deserving an experiment 
how to utilize it. In due time a rude furnace is 
built and a few pounds of metal produced to his surprise at the great discovery." 

At Etna and old Ingersoll on the Tuckahoe river, at Walkers Forge and 
Mays Landing, Old Gloucester, and at Piatsto, Atsion, Washington, and Martha 
in ISurlington County, similar works were successfully operated lor many years. 
These furnaces opened up in March, soon as cold weather broke, and were in 
constant operation till the end of the year, not excepting Sundays. 

When Stephen Colwell succeeded his father-in-law, Samuel Richards, as 
part owner of Weymouth, he resolved to try the experiment of closing down 




MAGER'S HOUSE, ETNA FURNACE. 




COLWELL MANSION, WEYMOUTH. 




HON. S. D. HOFFMAN. 



SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. 29 

the fires on Sundays and found that it worked successfully. After that Sunday 
work stopped and religious people were highly gratified. 

In 1807, the religious work at Weymouth culminated in the erection of the 
little church which has served its objects so well up to this day. The estate 
freelv granted the use of the land for a church and cemetery for the equal use 
of both Presbyterians and Methodists on alternate Sundays, and bore the prin- 
cipal share of the expenses afterwards for maintaining the services. In this snug 
little edifice which stands in a beautiful oak grove, the ninety-second anniversary 
was celebrated with appropriate ceremonies on Sunday, September 24, 1899. 
Friends gathered from various points and renewed the pleasant associations 
of other years. On the headstones in the adjacent cemetery names once familiar 
throughout the county may be found. No deed for this property was ever given 
to anv religious body. It still belongs to the Weymouth estate. 




OLD CHURCH AT WEYMOUTH, 1807. 



Lewis M. Walker was the first manager for the founders and owners of 
Weymouth. Later he started a forge and saw-mill for himself at South River, 
three miles southerly from Mays Landing, in Weymouth township. Walker was 
succeeded by John Richards, who was manager for sixteen years, when with a 
cousin, Thomas S. Richards, he engaged in a similar business for himself at Old 
Gloucester. John C. Briggs succeeded him at Weymouth for an equal period. 

When William Moore succeeded Briggs, in 1846, he built the mule tram- 
way for the better transportation of freight through the woods to and from Mays 
Landing. Previous to that time most of the iron was transported to tide water 
on scows, down the Great Egg Harbor river. These flatboats were carried down 
by the current and poled back by hand with whatever supplies in the way of 




JOHN B. CHAMPION. 



SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. 31 

groceries it might be convenient to carry. There are to this day "Lock Rights" 
in the cotton mill dam at Mays Landing, in behalf of the Weymouth estate. 

W. Dwight Bell and Stephen Colwell, whose wives were daughters of Samuel 
Richards, were then the owners of the estate, which comprised 80,000 acres, in- 
cluding the greater portion of Hamilton and a considerable part of what is now 
Mullica and Galloway townships. 

Not less than one hundred vessels were built at .Mays Landing from Wey- 
mouth forests and foundry during the half century beginning with 1830. There' 
were two shipyards and as many as four vessels were built in one year. The 
hulk of one of these, the Weymouth, named in honor of the estate, built by 
Richard S. Colwell about 1870. lies in the river at Catawba, a few miles below 
the spot where it was built. One of the last ships to be built at Weymouth was 
the barkentine Jennie Sweeney, still owned and sailed by Capt. S. S. Hudson, the 
builder. 

One hundred or more families lived and prospered on the Weymouth estate, 
in the coalings, saw-mills, foundries and shipyards. Three six-mule teams oper- 
ated the tramcars to and from Mays Landing, and there was a one-horse passen- 
ger car for use as needed. Two or three yoke of oxen were used on the estate 
and half a dozen four-mule teams in hauling wood, charcoal and lumber, besides 
two-horse teams and several driving horses. 

During the Harrison administration, beginning in 1840, business was at a 
standstill. There was no sale for iron pipes, but Samuel Richards, the wealthy 
Philadelphia merchant, kept his men at Weymouth at work, thereby accumulating 
a large stock of iron pipes, before he found a market for it. 

Waterworks was started at Mobile about that time. By subscribing for 
stock and paying in iron pipes Mr. Richards found a market for the accumulated 
products of his estate. He died January 4. 1842. and his successors completed 
the contract. 

William Moore continued as manager for more than twenty years. One 
of his sons, M. V. B. Moore, who was employed in the Weymouth store, declares 
that it was no unusual thing on a Friday or Saturday, when the week's supplies 
were given out to the men, to weigh out four or five barrels of pork, and a ton 
or more of flour, and to measure out forty or fifty bushels of potatoes and a hogs- 
head of molasses. Mr. Moore remembers to have seen, more than once, as 
many as twenty-five double teams loaded with fresh pork from Salem and Glou- 
cester Counties, drive into Weymouth in one string. This pork was salted down 
in large tanks in cellars and retailed as needed. The woodmen were great lovers 
of fat pork. It required 90,000 pounds a year to supply the estate. 

The old iron forge accidentally burned down in 1862, and the old foundry 
three years later, when the iron industry was abandoned. The war had closed 
the markets in southern cities, and improved methods and railroad transportation 
and the use of anthracite coal, made it no longer profitable to ship pig iron into 
the charcoal districts of South Jersey to be manufactured. 

In 1866 Stephen Colwell built the first stone paper mill near the site of the 




CARLTON GODFREY, ESQ. 



SKETCH OF OLD WEYMOUTH. 



33 



old stone forge and furnace, and leased it for ten years to McNeal, [rving & Rich, 
who were operating the paper mill successfully at Pleasant Mills. In 1876 the 
control of this mill reverted to the Colweli estate and the manufacture of manila 
paper from old ropes, the abandoned rigging of vessels, was successfully con- 
tinued till 1887. 









< 








*' ' *%±*y~ r 












., ^ 


J ;'. «£*»-„• 


&^HHft 








.' 



WEYMOUTH PAPER MILLS. 



A second frame mill was built in [869, which burned down in [876, and was 
replaced by a substantia] stone structure. Natural causes or the relentless laws 
of trade have operated very largely against the old industries of South Jersey 
during the last half century. Cheap labor in the South depreciated the charcoal 
market. Forest fires and cheap transportation from the South and West, cut 
down the price 1 >f lumber. Iron bands supplanted wooden hoop-poles, which was 
quite an industry. Cedar lumber which sold for $25 per M.. now brings but $16. 
Boatboards have dropped from $40, $50, $60 per M. to $30. Cedar shingles 
which once brought S15 per M., now bring $8. Measured by these products 
money has become higher and harder to get, while interest and mortgages have 
suffered no such decline. 

The Weymouth estate is still rich in wood and timber, bog iron and valuable 
clay beds. Its water power is immensely valuable and may soon be more fully 
developed and utilized. 




M. A. DEVINE. 



She Meet jfamilv?. 

One of the noted characters of Atlantic County forty years ago was known 
by the name of Joe West. He was a man of powerful build and fine personal 
appearance, with many accomplishments, a lawyer by profession, having but 
little practice. His father, George West, lived in a mansion at Catawba, two 
miles or more below Mays Landing, overlooking the Great Egg Harbor river, 
where in those days many vessels were constantly passing. The old-fashioned 
mansion, just back from the road opposite the little church which is still stand- 
ing, was elegantly furnished and the family lived in princely style. Joe West 
became known throughout the county for his transactions, and was both feared 
and despised by people who came in conflict with him. His father, mother and 
two brothers died at about the same time, under peculiar circumstances, and 
people had their suspicions as to the causes of their sudden deaths. In the rear 
of the little church may still be seen the large marble slabs which covered the 
brick vaults holding the mortal remains of the suddenly-reduced West family,, 
inscribed as follows: 



JAMES S. WEST. 

Son of George and Amy West, born April 7. 1810; 

Died August 24, 1829. 



GEORGE S. WEST, 

Son of George and Amy West, born May 7, 1806; 

Died September 3, 1829. 



GEORGE WEST, Esq., 

Born August 1. 1774: 
Died September 10. 1829. 



AMY WEST, widow of George West: 
Born January 26, 1777: 
Died September 15, 1829. 



(35) 




JOSEPH A. BARSTCW. 



I III WEST FAMILY. 



Thomas Biddle West, died May 17. [826, aged 14 years, after fifty hours' 
illness. Joe was the only survivor, and was of course in full charge of the 
estate. He lived in extravagant style, kep< four dun mule- and a mulatto driver, 
and made tours of the State in a manner to attract at- 
tention. He took with him silk bedclothing for his 
persona] use at whatever hotel he might lodge for the 
night, lie was a surveyor of lands and an expert in 
looking up titles, lie would set up claims to lands 
which he as a lawyer could contest in the courts or 
settle for cash to help him continue his extravagant 
habits nf living. 

His estate was finally sold by the sheriff on fore- 
closure of claims against him. West was at one time 
convicted nf forgery of the records in the office of the 
clerl of Burlington County and was sentenced to im- 
prisonment for five years. He was released before the 
expiration of his term. He had a beautiful Christian 
woman for a wife. Miss Huldah, daughter of one 
Charles Stewart, of Philadelphia. He is said to have 
led a domestic career no more creditable than his other 
doings. He finally left Xew Jersey and spent his last days in his native State. 
None of his relatives are now living. 




CATAWBA CHURCH. 




CATAWBA GRAVES. 




WILLIAM B. LOUDENSLAGER. 



Qtlantic ©ountE §at\ 

"jJ "II J*- BAR of Atlantic County is in reality a creation of quite modern times. A 
C^p) record of its early history would necessarily include that of the county in 
^5T general, extending hack to a time when Atlantic City was not, as it is m >\\ , 
center and chief source of litigation in our courts; and beyond that to a 
period when Atlantic City, as a settlement boasting a name, was hardly in 
existence. 

To go hack to the birth of our county is not a great stride, as it was only 
in [837 that it was funnel l.\ cutting off the easterly half of Gloucester Comity. 
At that time the population of the comity was about eight thousand, and the 
amount of litigation correspondingly small. Then a railroad was a novelty, and 
only mie line, that of the old Camden & Amhoy, was in operation in the State. 
The only regular means of conveyance to the county capital was the stage coach 
line running from Absecon through Bargaintown and .Mays Landing to Camden. 
On the first day of court the judges, lawyers, suitors and witnesses congregated 
at the court house from all sections of the count), traveling b) stage-coach or 
wagon, or even mi foot or horseBack. 

The first session of court in the new county was the Court of Quarter Ses- 
sions of the Peace, held by six justices of the peace, viz: Joseph 1 .arw 1. Joseph 

Endicott, Daniel Baker, Benjamin Weatherby, John ( Godfrey ami Jesse 11. Bowen. 
At that time this court was composed of the justices of the peace of the county, 
or any three of them. The court was held at Mays Landing on July 25, [837, 
at the hotel of Capt. John Pennington, a prominent character in the early history 
of the county, and the grandfather of present Law Judge Endicott, former Judge 
Thompson, Ur. B. C. Pennington and County Clerk Scott. This hotel con- 
tinued to serve as a court house for several terms, and the old church building 
then standing on the main street, near the site of the present church, was also 
pressed into service on one or two occasions. The first session held in the new 
court house, which is the one still used, was at the December Term, 1838. 

At the second term, held October 17, 1837. Chief Justice Joseph W. Horn- 
blower presided, and. together with the same six justices of the peace, held a 
session of Oyer and Terminer and General Jail Delivery. In the first criminal 
cases John Moore White, attorney-general, and Robert 1\. Matlock, of Wood- 
burv, appeared for the State as prosecutors. Mr. White afterwards became a 
Justice of the Supreme Court and held the circuit in this count)' for two years. 
in 1839 and 1840. 

(39) 




HON. WILSON SENSEMAN. 



THE ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR. 41 

In the early years of the county's history the members of the bar of neigh- 
boring counties were prominent in the courts. In fact, for a short time after 
the formation of the county all the litigation was conducted by them, as Atlantic 
County had no resident lawyer. Among the prominent visitors of that period 
were Thomas P. Carpenter, of Camden, who was afterwards appointed a Justice 
of the Supreme Court and held the Atlantic Circuit from 1845 to 1852; Abraham 
Browning, of Camden, who afterwards became attorney general and who officiated 
on several occasions as prosecutor of the pleas; John T. Nixon, of Bridgeton, 
who was afterwards appointed Justice of the United States District Court; Lucius 
Q. C. Elmer, of Bridgeton, who later became a Justice of the Supreme Court 
and held the Atlantic Circuit from 1852 to 1859, and from 1862 to 1869; Robert 
K. Matlock and William X. Tetters, of Woodbury; Jeremiah Sloan, of Mt. Holly; 
and John B. Harrison, of Woodbury, who was the first regular prosecutor of 
the pleas. 

The first resident member of the bar in the county was Elias B. Caldwell, 
of Newark. He first appeared in the courts in 1837, shortly afterward located 
at the county seat and remained there until he died, in December, 1847. lie 
built and lived in a house immediately opposite the court house, where he also 
had his office. While sick in bed he accidentally set fire to the curtains and 
inhaled the flames, as a result of which he died in a few days. 

Joseph E. Potts, of Trenton, appeared in the courts about the same time, 
and shortly after Caldwell he also took up his residence in Mays Landing and 
practiced there for a number of years. About 1854 he obtained a clerkship in 
the Treasury Department at Washington, D. C, and resided there until his death, 
which occurred a few years ago. He served as County Clerk from 1845 to 1850. 

About the year 1840, Robert B. Glover, of Woodbury, took up his residence 
at the county capital and practiced there until about 1854. He then gave up 
the practice of law and removed to Camden, where he died, about 1856. 

Another lawyer of the same period was Francis J. Brognard, of .Mt. Holly. 
He removed to Mays Landing about 1842, and lived and had his office in a 
building next to that of Mr. Caldwell. He remained in Mays Landing for seven 
or eight years and then removed to Jersey City, where he shortly afterwards died. 
He served as prosecutor from 1846 to 1850. 

After the death of Caldwell and the removal of Brognard, George S. Wood- 
hull moved to the county seat from Freehold on March 5, 1850. In a few months 
he w : as appointed prosecutor of the pleas, which office he held until 1865, and 
during the same period also served as prosecutor of Cape May County for two 
terms. He was appointed Justice of the Supreme Court in 1866. His actual 
residence in the county, however, continued only until 1861, when he removed 
to Camden and opened an office there. 

The first native of the county to represent the profession in its courts as a 
resident lawyer was William W. Thompson, of Mays Landing, the father of ex- 
Judge Joseph Thompson. He read law with Judge Woodhull in Mays Landing. 
and was admitted to the bar at the February Term. 1852. and practiced there 




JUDGE ENOCH CORDERY. 



THE ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR. 43 

until his death, which occurred in November, 1865. From 1S61 to 1865 he was 
the only lawyer residing in the county. 

The next native lawyer after Mr. Thompson was Joseph E. P. Abbott, of 
Mays Landing, a namesake of Joseph E. Potts, who studied law with Judge 
Woodhull. He was admitted to the bar at the November Term, 1865, and the 
next month located in his native town, where he has continued to the present 
day. On the day immediately preceding Mr. Abbott's .settlement at Mays Land- 
ing. Mr. Thompson suddenly died, and Mr. Abbott bought his office fixtures 
and library, and took up his practice in the same office; so that up to that time, 
not even for a single day could the county boast of two native lawyers. Mr. 
Abbott is now the oldest practitioner in the county, and hears the appellation of 
"The Father of the Atlantic County Par." He is the present Prosecutor of the 
Pleas, having been appointed by Governor Yoorhees in [898, succeeding Samuel 
E. Perry. 

Next after Mr. Abbott came Lewis Humphreys, of Mays Landing, who 
was admitted at the June Term. 1870, and located at Absecon immediately. He 
studied law under J. E. P. Abbott. After remaining in Absecon several years he 
removed to Mays Landing, where he continued to reside and practice until his 
death, in 1878. 

Alexander 11. Sharp, of Salem, came to this county about 1869, and opened 
an office at Egg Harbor City, and was shortly afterwards appointed Prosecutor 
of Pleas, to fill the unexpired term of Alfred Hugg, who had resigned. He served 
until 1871. removing to Mays Landing shortly before the expiration of his term. 
He remained at the county seat for two or three years, and then removed to 
Absecon. While there he had a branch office in Atlantic City on Atlantic avenue, 
where Myers' Union Market now stands, at which he spent some days in each 
week. During this period Hon. John J. Gardner, our present Congressman, 
read law under his instruction for some time. For a portion of the period be- 
tween 1871 and 1878 Ik- gave up the practice of law, and resided at Estellville, 
near Mays Landing, where he conducted a glass factory. He next removed to 
Mays Landing, and was again appointed Prosecutor in 1878, and continued in 
office until 1883. Shortly after this appointment he returned to Absecon to live, 
and resumed his Atlantic City office. At the expiration of his term he went to 
Philadelphia, and thence removed to the West. 

The next was William Moore, of Mays Landing, a student from the office 
of Alden C. Scovel, of Camden, who was admitted at the November Term, 1873. 
He took up the practice of law at once at the county seat and remained there 
until his death, on November 17, 1889. 

In 1876, Harry L. Slape came from Woodstown to the county seat and 
opened an office and remained there about two years. He then removed to 
Atlantic City and began practice in an office in the Champion House, on Virginia 
avenue, on the site of the present Allen Building, the same office afterwards 
occupied by Samuel 1). Hoffman. Mr. Slape was the City's first resident lawyer, 




THOMAS J. DICKERSON. 



THE ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR. 45 

and served as Mayor in 1880-1881, and also as City Solieitor for a number of 
years. He died May 2j. 1887. 

The second member of the bar to take up a residence here was Major George 
T. Ingham, of Salem. He read law in the office of Clement H. Sinnickson, now 
County Judge of Salem, was admitted to the bar in 1880, and in August of the 
same year came to this city and opened an office in the City Hall. 

Following Major Ingham came Joseph Thompson, of Mays Landing. He 
served his clerkship in the offices of Alden C. Scovel, of Camden, and William 
Moore, of Mays Landing, and was admitted to the bar at the June Term, 1878, 
at the same time with Charles T. Abbott, a graduate from the office of his brother, 
Joseph, in Mays Landing. Mr. Thompson practiced law in his native place from 
that time until the fall of 1880, when he opened an office in this city, at 1208 
Atlantic avenue. He served as prosecutor from 1883 to 1893. and as county judge 
from 1893 to 1898. He was elected Mayor of Atlantic City in the spring of 1898, 
and a short time afterwards was appointed a member of the State Board of 
Taxation. 

At the February Term, 1881, were admitted to the bar two students from 
Atlantic Count)' — August Stephany. of Egg Harbor City, and Samuel D. Hoff- 
man, of Mays Landing. They both read law with William Moore at the county 
seat. Immediately on his admission Air. Stephany located in this city in an 
office adjoining Keuhnle's Hotel, where he had for several years previously car- 
ried on a real estate business, coming here certain days in the week. On January 
1, 1884, Mr. Stephany entered into partnership with Mr. Slape, in offices on the 
second floor of the building next to the Mansion House, at 11 10 Atlantic avenue. 
They continued together until Mr. Slape's death. After that Mr. Stephany con- 
tinued in practice until his death, on June 9, 1898, being joined a few years 
previous by his son Robert as partner. 

Samuel D. Hoffman, Air. Stephany"s classmate, remained in Mays Landing 
a few months after admission, and in the same year came to this city and formed 
a partnership with Joseph Thompson. Their office at that time was in the City 
Hall. The partnership continued until 1883. since which time Mr. Hoffman has 
had an office by himself, in the Champion House. Mr. Hoffman has been active 
in political life, having served the city as City School Superintendent in 1885, 
Alderman in 1884, Mayor for several terms, 1886 to 1892, and represented the 
county as Assemblyman in 1802, and State Senator 1893 to 1898. In 1896 he 
was appointed Count}- School Superintendent. 

The next Lawyer of Atlantic City was Allen P.. Endicott, of Mays Landing, 
the present law judge, who was admitted at the June Term, 1880. He read law 
with J. E. P. Abbott and also with Peter L. Yoorhees, of Camden, and graduated 
from the law department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1879. After ad- 
mission he located in his native village and remained there about three years. 
On the 28th of April, 1883, he came to Atlantic City and succeeded Mr. Hoff- 
man in partnership with Air. Thompson, continuing with him until 1887. Their 
office at that time was in the building on Atlantic avenue, standing on the site of 
the present Mensing Block. 




ALOIS SCHAUFLER. 



THE ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR. 47 

Samuel E. Perry, of Hunterdon County, came here in 1883, and opened an 
office in the building' at the corner of Indiana and Atlantic avenues, a portion of 
which is now occupied by Griscom's -Market. He had formerly practiced in Con- 
necticut and also in his native county. He was appointed prosecutor in 1893 and 
served until 1898. 

From that time on the City had a firmly established legal fraternity, and 
students began to graduate from the local offices and other members to immigrate 
from other sections with increasing frequency, until at the present time the bar 
of the City is represented by thirty-four lawyers, mostly young, active and enter- 
prising men. 

From the period of the 8o's the city with its almost miraculous growth began 
to be an inviting field for the new disciples of Blackstone. The growth and ex- 
pansion of the town, the accretions of land on the ocean front, the formation of 
land and improvement companies, the extension of streets and railroad lines, all 
contributed to the creation of the inevitable disputes as to land titles. The in- 
creasing values of building lots, with inches as valuable as were the acres of other 
decades, made every owner careful of his property rights. The errors and mis- 
conceptions in municipal legislation incident to providing for the needs and de- 
mands of a rapidly growing city became such as to require constant legal aid 
in straightening the tangles. The commercial transactions involved in the busi- 
ness of entertaining hundreds of thousands of visitors etTa'led the preparation of 
countless legal papers, and the natural outgrowth was controversies of endless 
variety. 

While the absence of the great trusts and corporations of the larger cities, 
with their weighty litigation, precludes our practitioners from the princely in- 
comes of their legal advisers, and while the field of practice is yet too limited for 
the development of specialists in the legal profession, yet there is an interesting 
diversity of work that comes to the hands of the Atlantic City lawyer that many 
localities do not afford, which serves to keep him constantly bright in every 
department of practice, and makes monotony impossible. 

IMPORTANT TRIALS. 

Among the important civil cases that have been tried in the courts of the 
county was that of Andrew K. Hay vs. John L. McKnight, an action involving 
title to large tracts of land in the county. The plaintiff was represented by Joseph 
P. Bradley, who was afterwards Justice of the United States Supreme Court, and 
the defendant by Abraham Browning. The case was tried in 1865, and the trial 
lasted three weeks. 

Another important case involving title to land was that of David S. Black- 
man and others against Absalom Doughty and others, tried in 1877. For the 
plaintiffs appeared David J. Pancoast, while Peter L. Voorhees and Abraham 
Browning represented the defendants. 




JOHN E. MEHRER. 



IMPORTANT TRIALS. 4'j 

In December, 1882, was tried a famous case generally known as the "Storm 
Tide Line Case." Nominally the suit was between the Camden & Atlantic Land 
Company and Edwin Lippincott, and involved directly the title to a tract of beach 
front seven hundred by one hundred and fifty feet, a part of the Haddon Hall 
property; but as an extensive tract of property in that neighborhood was held 
under a similar title, chiefly by the defendant and Charles Evans, of the Sea- 
side, the determination of the suit settled all these titles. The value of the land 
involved was at that time in the hundreds of thousands of dollars, and to-day, of 
course, is still greater, it being now one of the most valuable portions of the city. 

In 1856 the land company sold Thomas Mills a tract of land east of North 
Carolina avenue, bounded by Pacific avenue on the north, and extending south "a 
distance of three hundred and twenty feet, be the same more or less, to storm tide 
mark of the Atlantic Ocean; thence along said storm tide mark, on a course 
of northeast, for a distance of one hundred and fifty feet, be the same more or 
less, to the west side of a twenty feet wide street," etc. Title descended from 
Aides to Lippincott. 

Between 1856 and 1880, when suit was brought, the beach had "built up" by 
accretions of sand, for a distance of some twelve hundred feet. The land corn- 
pan} - brought suit in ejectment, claiming title to all the accretions, on the theory 
that the "storm tide mark," as it existed when the grant was made, was a definite 
and fixed boundary; that this line was different from ordinary high water line, 
to which their original title extended, thus leaving in them a strip of beach to 
which title to any accretions would attach. 

The defendant resisted on the principle that the line was variable, and that 
the boundary followed the changing line, thus giving the accretions to the grantee. 

After a number of postponements, trial was begun before Judge Alfred Reed, 
and a struck jury at Mays Landing on December 12, 1882, and occupied nine 
days. The plaintiff was represented by Cortlandt Parker, Barker Gummere, Wil- 
liam Moore, and Alexander H. Sharp. Eor the defendant appeared Peter L. Yoor- 
hees, Frederick Voorhees, Samuel H. Grey and Thompson & Endicott. 

A special verdict was taken, the jury finding answers to fourteen separate 
questions of fact, and the record submitted to the Supreme Court for judgment. 
Judge Reed stated in his charge that there was not found in the books of this or 
any other country a case which had the same features or was exactly analogous. 

The case was argued at the June Term of the Supreme Court, 1883, and at 
November Term an able and exhaustive opinion was rendered by Justice Depue 
(reported in 16 Vroom, 405), in which he sustained the defendant's title to the 
accretions. A portion of his language was as follows: 

"In grants of lands lying along the seashore, the parties act with knowledge 
of the variety of changes to which all parts of the shore are subject. The grantee, 
by such a boundary, takes a freehold that shifts with the changes that take place, 
and is obliged to accept the situation of his boundary by the gradual changes 
to which the shore is subject. He is subject to loss by the same means that may 
add to his territory; and as he is without remedy for his loss, so is he entitled to 
4 




JOHN BAKER ADAMS. 



IMPORTANT TRIALS. 51 

the gain which may arise from alluvial formations, and he will, in such case, hold 
by the same boundary, including the accumulated soil. 

"A grant of lands with a boundary 'along storm-tide mark of the Atlantic 
ocean,' will leave in the grantor that space of the beach which lies between the 
ordinary high water and the fast land, and is washed over by unusual tides so 
frequently as to be waste and unprofitable for use; but the title of the grantee 
will advance or recede as the line of storm-tide changes from time to time. 

"The object the company had in view in adopting in its conveyance such a 
boundary for lands lying along the sea is apparent. It was a company formed for 
the purpose of building a city, as a place of summer resort. The use of the strip 
of waste land lying between the fast shore and ordinary high water for a prom- 
enade, or for boating and bathing, by residents in the city, and persons who might 
resort there for pleasure or health, would add greatly to the success of the en- 
terprise. The company seems to have exercised some control in that respect over 
the beach. Air. Richards, the president of the company, says that it was a uni- 
versal assurance given verbally to purchasers of lots, that they should have the 
privilege of putting bath-houses on the beach for bathing purposes. 

"We think that, under the description in the Miles deed, the seaward 
boundary was on the line of the storm-tide, as that line was advanced towards 
the ocean by alluvial deposits. The proof is that, at the time this suit was brought, 
the line of the storm-tides was considerably seaward of the lands in controversv. 
and consequently the defendant has the legal title to the premises in dispute." 

In consequence of an error of the jury in answering one of the questions, 
judgment was not ordered, but a new trial was granted. This, however, was not 
followed up, but a non-suit was afterwards granted the defendant. An amicable 
settlement was afterwards made concerning the strip between storm-tide and 
high water line, which it was decided the land company still owned, and this 
ended one of the most novel as well as important land suits" ever tried in Atlantic 
or anv other countv. 



Among the important criminal cases tried in our courts was that of The 
State against Louis Waldenberger, tried at the December Term, i860. The 
defendant, who lived near Egg Harbor City, was indicted for poisoning his child 
by means of pounded glass and sulphur matches, and was convicted and sen- 
tenced to be hanged; but on March 6, 1861, his sentence was commuted by Gov- 
ernor Olden to imprisonment for life. He served eighteen years in the State 
prison, when finally his wife on her death bed confessed that she had committed 
the act for which he was sentenced. His case had been before the Board of 
Pardons for ten years or more, but he was finally pardoned, — the first case in the 
State of pardon of a life prisoner. This was the first conviction of first degree 
murder in the county. The prosecutor was George C. Woodhull, afterwards 
Supreme Court Justice, assisted by William W. Thompson. 

The next first degree conviction was that of John Hill and John Fullen, who, 




WILLIAM M. POLLARD, M.D. 



IMPORTANT TRIALS 



53 



together with Isaac Dayton, were charged with murdering an old man named 
George Chislett, at Elwood, for his money. Hill and Fullen were tried together 
at the September Term, 1876, and convicted. Albert H. Slape, prosecutor, ap- 
peared for the State, and his brother. Harry L. Slape. defended.— his first case 
in the county. Hill and Fullen were hanged on October 7, 1876,— the first hang- 
ing in the county. Dayton was tried separately, convicted of murder in the 
second degree and sentenced to twenty years in State Prison. The valuables 
which the victim was supposed to carry, and for which the crime was committed, 
turned out to be an old pocketbook containing one cent, which articles are still 
preserved in the County Clerk's office. 

On the evening of July 10. 1881, in this city, William Musson, a special 
officer for the Disston Mill, was brained by an axe in the hands of John Somers, 
another employee, while trying to act as peacemaker between Somers and his 
wife, whom the latter was abusing. Somers, who was crazed with drink, was a 
war veteran, having held a captain's commission. He was tried and convicted 
of murder in the first degree, and sentenced to be hanged, but the sentence was 
commuted to imprisonment for life. Harry L. Slape defended him. For a 
number of years strong efforts were made to secure his release on parole. These 
efforts were finally effective, and in 1897 he returned to this city, where he re- 
mained until his death, about a year later. 

The next hanging was on January 3, 1889, — that of Robert Elder, who was 
tried and convicted on October 23d, 1888, of killing his father near Hammonton. 
The case was prosecuted by Joseph Thompson and defended by Samuel E. Perry. 

Before the expiation of this crime another of similar character was com- 
mitted by James Grimes, a colored sailor, who, on Christmas night, 1888. mur- 
dered the mate of his vessel while lying in Absecon Inlet. He was tried at April 
Term, 1889, convicted, and hanged on June 20, 1889, by Sheriff Smith E. John- 
son. This was also during Judge Thompson's term as prosecutor. The prisoner 
was defended by J. E. P. Abbott and James B. Nixon. 

Another celebrated case occurring the same year was that of Evangeline 
Hamilton, who was tried at the September Term for stabbing a nurse in Atlantic 
City. Death did not ensue, and the charge was only atrocious assault. She was 
defended by Samuel E. Perry, was convicted and sentenced to two years in State 
Prison. Her husband was a grandson of Alexander Hamilton, and owing to a 
number of sensational features in the case it attracted widespread attention. 



ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR ASSOCIATION. 

For some years the members of the bar of the county had felt the need and 
appreciated the benefits that would accrue from organized and combined action 
looking towards the mutual protection and benefit of the members and the main- 
tenance of the standing and promotion of the interests of the profession in gen- 
eral. For some time the matter was discussed without any definite action, until 




THOMAS K. REED M.D. 



THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR. ; » 

1895. when through the efforts chiefly of William M. Clevenger and Louis A. 
Repetto, counseled by August Stephany. the idea took form and the organization 
became a fact. The 'signatures of twenty-five members of the bar were secured 
as incorporators, and on Tune 1. 1805. articles of incorporation were executed and 
acknowledged, and on the 19th of the same month were filed in the Secretary 
of State's Office. 

The first meeting was held on the first day of the fall term of court, Septem- 
ber 10. 1895, in the library of the court house at Mays Landing. The first presi- 
dent elected was Mr. August Stephany. William M. Clevenger was elected sec- 
retary and Clarence L. Cole treasurer. Since that time a new president has been 
elected annually, viz: In 1896, Hon. Joseph Thompson; in 1897, Hon Allen B. 
Endicott; in 1898, Mr. Enoch A. Higbee. The secretary and treasurer have 
been re-elected each year. 

While the association is yet in its infancy, its power for good has been ap- 
preciated, and it is destined to be a potent factor in the future growth and de- 
velopment of the city and county. In addition to the general benefits to be derived 
from a closer association and union of the members and the maintenance of the 
honor and dignity of the profession, one of the chief objects of its existence is to 
collect and maintain a law library for the use of its members and visiting lawyers. 
A fund is rapidly accumulating for this purpose, and the association is patiently 
awaiting the action of the City Hall Commissioners looking towards the erection 
of a municipal building, in which it has been pn mised it shall find a home. 



ATLANTIC CITY BAR. 



Tames L. Vanscykel June, 1869 

Samuel E. Perry June, 1877 Feb.. 

Joseph Thompson June. 1878 Feb., 

Geo. T. Ingham June. 1880 June, 

Allen B. Endicott June, 1880 

Samuel D. Hoffman Feb., 1881 

Ulysses G. Styron Feb., 1885 

Charles A. Baake June, 1885 

John Stille Nov., 1885 

John S. Westcott June. 1888 

Clifton C. Shinn Nov., 1888 Feb., 

Ceo. A. Bourgeois Nov., 1889 Nov.. 

Carlton Godfrey Nov., 1889 

Clarence L. Cole June. 1890 June. 

Robert IT. Ingersoll June, 1890 June, 



1 88 1 



Feb., if 
Feb.. li 
Feb., li 

. Nov., ii 



S. Cameron H inkle 



Feb., 1892 June. 



1893 
1892 

[893 

.8,, 5 
( So 5 




ADOLPH SCHLECHT. 



THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR. 



Arthur W. Kelley June, 1892 June, 1895 

Harry Wootton June, 1892 Feb.. 1896 

Wm. M. Clevenger June, 1894 June, 1897 

Louis A. Repetto June, 1804 

Burrows C. Godfrey June, 1894 June, 1897 

Robert E. Stephany Nov., 1894 Nov., 1897 

Charles C. Babcock Feb., 1895 Feb., 1898 

Enoch A. Higbee Feb., 1895 

John C. Reed Feb., 1895 

Henry W. Lewis Nov., 1895 

William 1. Garrison Nov., 1896 

James B. Adams Feb., 1897 

Clarence Pettit Feb., 1897 

John C. Sims June, 1897 

Eli H. Chandler Nov., 1897 

Albert Darnell Nov., 1897 

Lewis T. Bryant Feb., 1898 

Rodman Corson Sept.. 1899 



PROSECUTORS OF THE PLEAS. 

1837, July Term, John Moore White, Atty. Genl. 

1837, October Term, Robert K. Matlack. 

1838, March Term, to 1844, April Term. John 1'.. Harrison and Abraham 

Browning, Atty. Genl. 

1844, April Term, to 1846, March Term, Richard P. Thompson, Atty. Genl. 

1846, March Term and October Term. Abraham Browning, Atty. Genl. 

1846, December Term, to 1850, June Term. Elias Brognard, with Abraham 
Browning and L. Q. C. Elmer. Atty. Genls., and Robert K. Mat- 
lack, occasionally. 

1850, June Term, to 1865, April Term, George S. Woodhull. 

1865, April Term, to 1869, April Term, Alfred Hugg. 

1869, April Term, to 1871, April Term. Alexander Sharp. 

1871, April Term, to 1873, April Term, William E. Potter. 

1873, April Term, to 1878. April Term, Albert H. Slape. 

1878, April Term, to 1883, April Term, Alexander Sharp. 

1883, April Term, to 1893, April Term, Joseph Thompson. 

1893, April Term, to 1898. April Term, Samuel E. Perry. 

1898, April Term, to date, Joseph E. P. Abbott. 




BENJAMIN H. BROWN. 



THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR. 59 

JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT WHO HELD CIRCUIT. 

1837, October Joseph C. Hornblower. 

1838, March to ( )ctober Wm. L. Dayton. 

1839, Alar, to Oct.; 1840, April to Oct... John Moore White. 

1841, October, to 1845, December Daniel Elmer. 

1845, December, to 1852, May Thomas P. Carpenter. 

1852. May, to 1859, April Lucius Q. C. Elmer. 

1859, April No circuit judge. 

1859, September Peter Vredenburg. 

1860, April Edward Whelpley. 

i860, September, to 1861, September Wm. S. Clawson. 

1861, September John Vandyke. 

1861, December Daniel Haines. 

1862, April Lucius O. C. Elmer. 

1862, September Edward Whelpley. 

1862. December Lucius O. C. Elmer. 

1863, April Geo. H. Brown. 

1863, September, to 1869, April Lucius Q. C. Elmer. 

1869, April, to 1875, April Bennett Vansyckel. 

1875, April, to 1895. September Alfred Reed. 

1895, September, to date Geo. C. Ludlow. 

COUNTY CLERKS. 

Atlantic County, during its early history, was solidly Democratic. Democ- 
racy in those days meant government by the people as opposed to the dictum of 
the King or his emissaries. The first six county clerks were all Democrats but 
one, but the office in those days was of very little account. Abram L. Iszard, 
who was appointed to this position by the State Legislature, was a Republican, 
or Whig, as that was before the Republican party was born. It was not till 1845 
that county clerks were elected by popular vote. The first Republican county 
clerk to be elected was Daniel Estell. son of Abram L. Iszard. He was elected 
on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln, in i860, and being a young and popular 
man had a majority of 137 votes in the county. The business of the office was 
trifling then, and he was the first to keep the office open constantly. The founding 
of Egg Harbor City and later Hammonton made the keeping of the records a 
much more extensive occupation. Mr. Iszard became an expert as a search clerk, 
and till a recent date has been connected with the office ever since. 

The following have served as count)' clerks since the organization of Atlantic 
•County: 

Mames H. Collins 1837 

*Samuel B. Westcott 1838-39 

*Joseph Humphries 1840 




JOHN COLLINS. 



ATLANTIC COUNTY OFFICIALS 

*Abram L. Iszard 1840-45 

Joseph E. Potts 1845-50 

Joseph B. Walker 1850-55 

John Ackley 1855-60 

Daniel E. Iszard 1860-65 

Somers L. Risky 1865-70 

Christopher X. Rape 1870-75 

Lorenzo A. Down '875-85 

Lewis Evans 1 885-95 

Lewis P. Scott l8o<; 



SHERIFFS. 

1850-1852 John P. Walker. 

1852-1855 Hosea F. Madden. 

1855-1858 Ezra Cordery. 

1858-1861 Simon Hanthorn. 

1861-1864 Jesse Adams. 

1864- 1 867 Timothy Henderson. 

1867-1870 Samuel H. Cavileer. 

1870-1873 Edward D. Redman. 

1873- |S 78 Samuel V. Adams. 

1 878- 1 88 1 Martin .Moore. 

1881-1884 Isaac Collins. 

1884-1887 Charles R. Lacy. 

1887-1890 Smith E. Johnson. 

1890-1893 Charles R. Lacy. 

1893-1896 Smith E. Johnson. 

1896-1899 Samuel Kirby. 

1899 to date Smith E. Johnson. 



SURROGATES. 

Philemon Dickerson, who was the Democratic Governor of Xew Jersey, 
1836-1837, on April 7th of his last year, commissioned Julius P. Taylor to be 
the first Surrogate of Atlantic County. For reasons not known, he only served 
till the following October, when John C. Briggs succeeded him. 

The first official act of Briggs, according to the records at Mays Landing, 
bore date of February 7, 1838. and his last act June 9, 1840. The population and 
official business was small at that time. 

« \ppoimed by Legislature 




JOHN LAKE BRYANT. 



ATLANTIC COUNTS OFFICIALS. C3 

foseph Thompson, of Thompsontown, grandfather of Mayor Joseph Thomp- 
son, of this city, succeeded Briggs. I lis first official act bears date of April 4, 
1847, and his last official act September 9, 1857. 

Following him came Solomon R. Devinney, who was surrogate twenty-five 

years, till he was succeeded by John S. Risley, who was elected in November, 
[882, and has been twice re-elected since. 

COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS. 

Since the present public school system was organized in Xew Jersey, in 
1866, the following gentlemen have filled the position of County School Super- 
intendents: 

Calvin Wright 1867 to 1875 

Rev. Geo. B. Wight 1875 to l &77 

Silas R. Morse 1877 to 1892 

John R. Wilson [892 to 1895 

Hon. S. I '. Hi iffman [895 to date. 

J* 

STATE SENATORS. 

The following gentlemen have served this county as State Senators since 

845: 

845-1847. Joel Adams. 1866-1868. David S. Blackman. 

848-1850. Lewis M. Walker. 1869-1871. Jesse Adams. 

851-1853. Joseph E. l'otts. 1872-1874. William Moore. 

854-1856. David B. Somers. 1875- 1877. Hosea F. Madden. 

857-1859. Enoch Cordery. 1878-1892. John J. Gardner. 

860-1862. Thomas E. Morris. 1893-1898. Samuel D. Hoffman. 

863-1865. Samuel Stifle. 1899-1901. Lewis Evans. 



MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY. 

The following gentlemen have represented Atlantic County in the lower 
branch of the State Legislature since 1X45: 

1845-46. Joseph Ingersoll. 1874-75. Lemuel Conover. 

1847-49. Mark Lake. 1876-77. Leonard II. Ashley. 

1850-51. Robert B. Risley. 1878. Israel Smith. 

1852. John H. Boyle. 1879-80. James Jeffries. 

1853. Thomas D. Winner. 1881. George Elvins. 

1854. Daniel Townsend. 1882. Joseph H. Shinn. 

1855. Nicholas F. Smith. 1883. J onn L. Bryant. 
1 8 56-57. David Frambes. 1884-85. Edward North. 




LIEUT-COL.' LEWIS T. BRYANT. 



\ i I. \\ lie i'( »UN lY OFFICIALS. 

1858. John B. Ma. I. Ion. 1886-87. James S. Beckwith. 

[859. Thomas E. Morris (888. James B. ISfixon. 

[860-62. Chas. E. P. Mayhew. 1889-90. Shepherd S. Hudson. 

1863. John Godfrey. 1891. Smith E. Johnson. 

[864. Simon Hanthorn. [892. Samuel D. Hoffman. 

1865. Simon Lake. 1893. Charles A. Baake. 

[866-67. '' M Wolsieffer. [894. Fred. Schuchardt. 

1868-69. Jacob Keim. 1895. Wesle) C. Smith. 

[870-71. Benj. II. Overheiser. [896-97. Marcellus L. Jackson. 

1872-73. Samuel II. Cavileer. [898-99. Leonard II. Ashley. 

1900. ( 'harles T. Abbot! 



THE LAY JUDGES OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

In its early history, Atlantic County, like the other counties, had three courts 
which arc usually considered the county's own exclusive tribunals, viz: The 
Court of Common Pleas, the Court of Quarter Sessions of the peace, and the 
1 Irphans' Court. These were modeled originally after the courts of the Province 
of West Jersey, which in their turn were adopted, with some modifications, from 
the courts of England. 

The com pi isition of the three courts was, the same as to da) . identical, that is, 
the same judges held all three courts. This fact often causes considerable con- 
fusion in the mind of the layman, with little or no knowledge of their jurisdictions, 
when he sees one court transform itself into another with small formality. < )rig- 
inally these courts were held by all the justices of the peace of the county, or any 
three or more of them. 

These courts were always near and dear to the hearts of the people, and were 
held in high esteem, The judges, originall) the local justices of the peace, and 
afterwards appointees from the count), usually men of importance and high 
standing in their community, made their intimate acquaintance and close knowl- 
edge of the people and affairs of the count) of great advantage in the adminis- 
tration of local affairs. In the early days, practically all the litigation was con 
ducted in these courts. The office of judge in those days carried with it con- 
siderable dignity. 

The new constitution of 1X44 made a change by providing that there should 
be no more than five judges, who were to be appointed by the governor. This 
arrangement continued until 1X55. when an act of the legislature reduced the 
number of judges to three. After this period, the feeling began to arise in the 
more populous communities that important matters of litigation, such as fre- 
quently arose in these courts, were entitled to be passed upon and the procedure 
conducted by judges who were learned in the law. As a result, in some of the 
upper counties, president judges, who were to be counsellors at law, were pro 




JOHN T. FRENCH. 



LAY JUDGES. 67 

vided for by the legislature. It was soon found that the president or law judge 
was in fact the court, and by reason of his superior learning in the law, took the 
responsibility and decided all legal questions. 

The lay element was still represented by the two other judges, as the people 
still held to the idea that the ends of justice would be best subserved by having 
on the bench some representatives of and from the laity, as distinguished from 
the bar, on the principle that this element of the bench might temper and miti- 
gate the rigors of the strict interpretation of the law, by the application of sound 
common sense and equity, from the standpoint of the common people. The 
sentiment continued to grow, however, that the proper person to administer the 
law is one who knows the law, or who at least has made it his study and profes- 
sion. In accordance with this idea, additional acts were passed constituting law 
judges in the various counties. 

In 1889 it was enacted by the legislature that Atlantic County sin mid have 
two lay judges and one law judge, to be appointed 1>\ the Governor, the number 
of lay judges then in office to continue until reduced to two by expiration of office 
of one iif them. Under this act, no appointment was made until 1893, when the 
term of Lay Judge Joseph Scull expired. Joseph Thompson was then appointed 
law judge for five years. The lay judges who then sat with him were Wilson 
Senseman, of Atlantic City, and Richard J. Byrnes, of Hammonton. 

In 1895, another law was enacted, which was the final blow to the lav element 
in the count}- courts, by abolishing it entirely and constituting the law judge 
the whole Court of Common Pleas, Quarter Sessions ami ( )rphans' Court. This 
particular act was the next year declared unconstitutional, but another was im- 
mediately passed which avoided the objectionable features of the first one. The 
lay judges, unwilling to relinquish their hold upon the dignity and perquisites 
of the office and thus be cast into a condition of innocuous desuetude, with the 
empty title of "ex-Judge," representing nothing but reminiscences of by-gone 
glory, stubbornly fought the act through the highest courts on the question of 
constitutionality, but were finally beaten, and the act was affirmed. 

The following is a list of those who have served as Lay Judges of Atlantic 
County, with the date of the first appearance of their nanus on the records of 
the Orphans' Court: 

Joseph Garwood 1838 

Benjamin Wetherby 1838 

Edmund Taylor 1838 

Jesse H. Bowen 1838 

John Estell 1838 

Lewis M. Walker 1838 

John C. Abbott 1840. 

Daniel Baker .• 1841 

Isaac Smith 1841 

Jacob Adams 1843 

Wm. Westcott 1844 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

Mahlon D. Canfield 1843 

Tin imas I 'ars< ins 1 844 

Jao ib ( iodfrey 1844 

John Endicott 1 844 

Philip [mlay 1845 

Enoch I (i night} 18411 

William Mo< ire 1850 

A. L. Iszard 1850 

Joel Adams 1851 

1 leo. A. Walker 1854 

Joseph Endicott 1 854 

John H. Doughty 

George Wheati m 

Edward T. McKean 1870 

David I'.. Somers 1857 to 

Simon I [antln irne 1870 to 

John ( iodfrey 1872 

I )avid S. Blackmail 1875 to 

Richard J. Byrnes 1877 to 

Enoch C'onlery 1877 to 

Ji iseph Scull 1880 to 

Wilson Senseman 1801 to 



1872 
i8/5 



i8t;6 

181,1 

1895 

1 S. K 1 




roammonton. 
<*> 

SO THE traveler, speeding from the "( ireat Metropolis," via the South Terse) 
R. R. i" the sea, after passing through the dreary, dusty waste of sand, 
scrub-oaks and stunted pines, scorched by the vertical sun and seat 
the demon fire, the billow) expanse of bud and blossom, or receding pyra- 
mids of golden blushing fruit of Hammonton, seems like a favored glimpse of 
fabled I tesperides. 

["o the sturdy sons of New England, fleeing from its ice bound winters, this 
verdant spot of earth, with its genial climate, its balmy sea born winds, bearing 
the healthful fragrance of sixt) miles of pine and cedar, it- flowers, fruits and 
prolific soil, musl have seemed like paradise. So in the early fifties, they came, 
like the second pilgrim fathers, to mala' the wilderness of South Jersey blossom 
like the rose, infusing new life, now blood and new enterprise into a district 
which had commenced to feel the 1"— of industries, crowded out by those of 
greater magnitude, and which wire to make such a radical change— an industrial 
revolution — which, like the magician's wand, was to turn the sandy stageway 
into a road of steel, the forests .mil neglected fields into flourishing fruil 
the hamlets into thriving villages, and to hang upon the wave kissed shore the 
gem city of the world. 

For the advent of tin- railroad had destroyed the wheel-traffic between the 
shore and the Delaware, and in prophetic dreams, the carter, the Jehu of the 
coach and mine host of the "White Horse," the "Blue Anchor," and a 
hundred other inns which appealed In the tired traveler, saw" their "occupation 
gone," while the opening up of the iron and coal fields extinguished the fires of 
the bog-furnaces and charcoal pits, and the glass factories sought more favorable 
locations near the great centres of trade, and in the inevitable readjustment of 
their existing conditions the foreign and domestic trade of the New Terse) coasl 
was driven to the greater ports of commerce. 

Their coming was like a new- lease of life to the "( lid Town," whose land 
titles ran hack to the days of Charles II.. and whose soil had been pre- 
the patriots of the Revolution, in throwing oft' the yoke and claims of that -aim 
England over which he once reigned. From Charles II. to the Duke of York. 
from York to Berkeley and Carteret, from Carteret to Fenwick and Byllinge, 
from Byllinge to the West Jerse) Proprietors, from these to Shoemaker, Ash- 
bridge, Robinson and Hall, to Richards, to Griffith, to Coates, to Coffin, and 
from the last to hi- two sons. John Hammond, from whom the town of Ham- 
monton was named, and Edward Winslow Coffin, was a chain of real estate 

(69) 




HON. RICHARD J. BYRNES. 



HISTORY OF HAMMONTON. 71 

transactions, extending over nearly two hundred years, from [664 to 1844. 1 
can remember seeing, nearly forty years ago, the rotting piling, the broken pot- 
sheds and the unquestionable remains of the "white man's abode" on the < )ld Egg 
Harbor road, where it crosses the head of the lake, and where tradition places 
the oldest inhabitant'.- home: but be it true or false, the "Irishman" has gone 
and the "whiskey" remains. There were many houses in and around Ham- 
monton previous to [850, but the wheel of the "old mill" at the lake, built by 
William Coffin in 0S12. had ceased to turn: the furnace tires of the glass works, 
built by the same enterprising descendant of the Nantucket Yankee, had gon< 
out; the rotten posts and crumbling stone- of their foundations alone remained. 
over which the lizards ran or warmed theniselves in the noun-day sun. A mile 
awav the ''silent hamlet of the dead," with its narrow houses, stained 1>\ years 













1/ ij|^ni 


\ 1 


\ 1 ~\ it 






Ay 


1 — -~-xP 


ii/» T~"™' 






i 











JUDGE RICHARD J. BYRNES' RESIDENCE 



of sunshine and storm, told on their crumbling head-stones the abbreviated his- 
tory of those who broke the primeval wilderness into fields of plenty, and who 
reared the temple to the God in whose bosom they long had laid at rest. On 
this foundation, and with the blessing which nature abundantly showered upon 
them, the pioneers of 1850 built up the thriving village of to-day, labored and 
struggled that their children and children's children might enjoy the fruit of 
their industry, nourished by their brawn and watered by the sweat of their brows. 
Many of them, too, have passed away, but their works and memories remain. 

To Judge Richard J. Byrnes, more than to any other individual, is due the 
success and growth of Hammonton, from 1856, when as a young Philadelphia 




CYRUS F. OSGCOD. 



HISTORY OF HAMMONTON. 73 

banker, in partnership with Charles Is. Landis, he opened up this section to set 
tiers, and by liberal terms and advertising made known far and wide the man) 
advantages of soil and climate until the present writing, honored and respected 
by his townsmen, he still is identified and interested in its welfare. Ii would be 
tedious to enumerate all who liave contributed to this happ) consummation, and 
an injustice to the memory and endeavors of those on whose shoulders was borne 
the first burden, to omit then names, (apt. A. Somerby, George Myers, Sr., 
Capt. C. J. Fay, Dr. Joseph II. North, Sr., Thomas and Henry Wetherbee, Gerry 
Valentine, Henr) Pressey, Judge E. F. McKean, II I Crowell, Asher Moore. 
Henr) S. Ferris, Capt. Burgess, (apt. Davie, George Miller, and others, of which 
wain of space prevents the mention. In those earl) days the station of the 
newly built Camden ami Atlantic R. R. was located at what is now called 
I 'a i osta, named from John ('. Da Costa, one of the early Directors ami after- 
wards President of the road, and the land office of Byrnes and Landis was in 
the ( )ld Coffin Mansion, at the lake, part of which was built in [812, and which 
still stands on the right hand of the road as it rro^ses the dam. Tin 1 old company 

store si | In i w ecu i he house and the lake, backed b\ a beautiful gri ivc of stately 

oaks, where tin village lads and maidens picknicked under their spreading boughs 
and celebrated with the older generations the Nation's birthday. 





^« : r:>- , ..,■-'■' .-^ : ..Y ^MkuldJ^^i 



HAMMONTON LAKE. 



For miles around the natives came to the old store to purchase provender, 
to swap stories and to fish for pickerel and catfish along the shore of the pond 




DR. JOSEPH H. NORTH, SR. 



HISTORY i IF II AM MONTI IN 75 

and below the clam. Here tarried the towering loads of ha) cut from the salt 
marshes near the crest and scowed up the Mullica to Pleasant Mills. Merc 
stopped the clam and fish vender, whose melodious voice waked the echoes of 
many a silent lane from Absecon to Camden, and once along and ovei the little 
stream the colonial forces passed to Chestnul Neck. B) there the old stage ran, 
driven b) Capt. Kimball, from Camden to Leeds Point ever) Wednesday and 
Saturday, and back again Thursdays and Mondays, and this was the first mail 
route of the earl) days, and from the old store the mail was delivered as late as 
[859. Captain Kimball and his stage-coach are within my recollections, old 
Judge Porter and his famous blacks have not passed from m\ memory, and the 
old I'ainih carriage of the Richards of Batsto, heavj and sombre, is not forgi itti 11 
The little station house which succeeded the "Hoes head" at the crossing in the 




BELLEVUE' AVENUE, HAMMONTON. 

village, and over whose short counter young Lew Evans, now the hands e and 

staid State Senator, passed tickets in exchange for coin of the realm, for so man) 
years has passed away, only the memories of the wonderful ticker, the rush and 
whirl ni a passing express or excursion, and the advent of a new arrival in town, 
impressed upon the brain of a freckled hare fool bo) remain, h is a long span 
from the Hogs head to the modern brick depot, from the old Delano Hotel, with 
iis long pinch and 1l.1t roof, to the commodious and comfortable Hotel Royal, 
from Robinson's little cobbling simp on Third street to the bustling factory of 
( Isgood & Co., from the tallow dips to the electric lights which hang like stars 
along the highways and byways, 







DR. EDWARD NORTH. 



HISTORY OF HAMMONTON. 77 

Previous to [859 the preacher made his weekl) visit, and the doctor, when 
needed, was called From Haddonfield. Dr. Joseph II. North, Sr., was the first 
local physician, coming from Maine in [858. The first church, in which also 
was held the first school, was built probably about the time William Coffin came 
from Green Bank to build and operate the saw mill for John Coates, for there 
his children were educated, h was located off the old Waterford road, near the 
.Minor Rogers farm, later a school house was built nearer the lake, which was 
torn down to make room for the present brick building. Hammonton now has 
seven churches and five school houses, the central or high school a beautiful and 
imposing structure, showing that religion and education are after all the founda- 
tion stones of success. 




W. J. SMITH'S RESIDENCE, HAMMONTON. 

I lamtnonton has had its "characters" and its legends; as a bo) I once got a 
glimpse into the lockers and chests of an old woman, whose husband was said 
to have been a smuggler. Laces, velvets and silks tit lor a duchess, and these in 
an old house miles from neighbors, and where at that time bears roamed at large. 

So. too, the "haunted house" figured in its annals, just across the dam, 
where the weeping willows shade the unruffled surface of the lake, stood a weath- 
er-stained, unfinished building, long the abode of an eccentric biped whose lout; 
haii- and doubtful title of "Dr." frightened the children and made sceptical the 
would-he credulous. It was also the abode of strange sounds and weird sights, 
hut time and the disappearance of the canny owner has exercised the nneasj 
spirits that roamed through its dusty, empt\ halls. 




THOMAS J. SMITH. 



HISTORY OF IIA.M.MONTON. 7'.' 

A famous character of those days was Wesley Budden, one of God's un- 
fortunates, as we were prone to think, but who read the book of Nature nearer 
right, perhaps, than we who congratulated ourselves on having more sense. 
Six feet in his bare feet — for he seldom wore boots or shoes — straight as an 
Indian and with the Indian's acuteness in forest lore, he knew every foot of 
land from the Delaware to the forks of the Mullica, every pickerel haunt from 
\tsiun to the "Penny Pot," every rabbit run and quail ground in Camden or 
Atlantic Counties. ( if Quaker descent, but Methodisl by profession, he could 
lead a choir or offer prayer, and no camp-meeting was complete without "John 
Wesley." He was the reincarnation of Cooper's "Deerslayer," simple, honest, 
God-fearing, and many a lonely housewife felt safer by his presence and richer 
by a string of shining pickerel or a plump rabbit, and many a child happier by his 
friendly face and quaint stories. Me knew the names and histories of every 
one for miles around, and every legend from the finding of the "pot of pennies." 
which gave the name to his favorite fishing stream, to the ghostly flame that led 
belated travellers into the morasses of it-- endless swamp-. 

If he be dead, may some kind hand have soothed his last moments and cut 
upon his tombstone the word "Faithful." 1 have before me a "pass." signed 
by Sheriff Sam Adams, to witness the execution of Hill and Fullen. for the 
murder of old man Chislett. Well do 1 remember the excitement when the news 
of this dastardly crime reached the quiet little village, and the hour-- -pent by 
the men ami boys, with shot-gun and rifle, searching the thickets of Little I gg 
Harbor swamps for the fugitives. In the same swamps during the Civil War a 
number of deserters anil bounty-jumpers lived, making nightly raids on the 
chicken coops and larders of the surrounding fanners, and bringing terror to the 
women folks and children. At that time "Tar Kiln Meek" was as safe for a 
stranger after dark as would have been the White Chapel in London or Seven 
Points in Xew York. 

The mystery surrounding the disappearance of William Clark, who lived on 
the Xew Columbia road in a small cabin a mile or so below the lake, has never 
been explained, though it is believed he was murdered and his body thrown into 
the well near the cabin and removed before the slow hand of authority had time- 
to investigate. Years before an old woman of eighty had disappeared in a like 
manner. It was said she had wandered to the swamp not far from home, but 
though they were searched by the whole male population of the town for a week, 
day and night, no clue was ever found. 

Hammonton, too, has entertained its quota of celebrities, Charlotte Cush- 
man, the great American actress, owned many acres lying to the north of the 
town, and her agent. Col. < tbertypher, a Hungarian exile and friend of Kossuth, 
there for a time made his home. Samuel Wylie Crawford, the hero of Cedar 
Mountain and Brigadier-General, was principal of the High School for one term. 
Patriot, soldier and scholar, he is well remembered by those wdiose fortune it 
was to listen to his instruction. Solon Robinson, Bishop Odenheimer, Moses 
Ballon. Ada Clare, the "Queen of Bohemia," whose tragic death ended a pic- 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

turesque life; Selma Borg, Edward Howland and Marie, his wife, whose enter- 
taining articles ran fur so many years through Harper's .Magazine; James M. 
Peebles, the scholar, traveler and author, and last hut not least among many 
ethers. Doctor Bartholet, the "old man statuesque," whose classic lore made 
him as much sought after in the study and drawing-room as did his herculean 
frame and patriarchal brow in the studio of the artist. His portrait in the 
.Academy of Fine Arts of Philadelphia, shows a subject who would have brought 
delight to the heart of the old Dutch masters 

Hammonton has been the theme of "Poem and Story." There lived ami 
sung William Hoppin, a bard of no mean calibre, whose fine poetic nature de- 
served a better fate than Fortune cast around his untimely death. In the story 
"Bunker Hill to Chicago." Eloise Randall Richberg has drawn many of the 
scenes and characters from the little town which was so long her home. There 
lived Libbie Canfield. the dark-eyed, raven-haired beauty, who became the wife 
of Brigham Young. Jr. There died Dr. James North, the skillful dentist, the 
friend of Baron Stein and the Arch Duke Charles, of Austria. 

The past has been kind to the namesake of John Hammond Coffin, what 
the future has in store is a sealed book which is not in my power, nor is it my 
province to open. 

DR. JAMES NORTH. 




Batsto. 

«*> 

- A I I 'A I HETIC as well as poetic stor) is that of the rise and decadence of 
P"B the village of Batsto. Let others explain the philosophy of the strange 
J I industrial changes of the past century. Batsto, in the language of the 
Indians who knew the place well, means a bathing place. It is situated 
in Burlington County, at the head of navigation, on the northerly bank of the 
Mullica or Little Egg Harbor river. The Indian name of this stream was Minne 
lo la. which signifies Little Water. This place was known in the olden times as 
the Forks of the Little Egg Harbor. Here four streams or forks unite to form the 
large river which flows thirty miles into ( ,reat Bay and the ocean. With the towns 
along the river for many years there was extensive commerce with Xew York 
and other seaports. The iron, glass, wood, timber and charcoal from the Jersey 
villages were transported to market in ships built by the workers in wood and 
iron from adjacent forests and exchanged for groceries and supplies required by 
the sturdy inhabitants. 

The Batsto river. Atsion river, Nesco or Jackson creek, and West Mill creek 
were quite considerable streams in the earlier days, before forest fires had de- 
voured the herbage and vegetation that covered the swamps and woodlands and 
held back in Nature's own good way, the floods which now so, quickly find the 
channels and disappear, leaving a denuded, almost desert region on all sides. 
Forty years and more ago there was ample water power on any of these streams 
to drive a mill any month in the year, while now by means of dams and canals 
four united streams are hardly sufficient for the Pleasant Mills paper mill during 
dry seasons. 

Batsto and Pleasant Mills are practically one village with bridges over these 
rivers uniting them. Forty years ago fully a thousand people found work and 
happy homes there, where one-fifth of that number now struggle for a livelihood. 

Ten years before the Declaration of Independence the first iron furnace was 
started at Batsto. It was the second one to be started in the State, the first being 
up in Warren County. Batsto was then the property of one Israel Pemberton, 
and was known as Whitcomb Manor. It was sold to Charles Reed, a relative by 
marriage, and then consisted of several thousand acres. Col. John Knox suc- 
ceeded Reed as owner in 1767, and Thomas Mayberry succeeded Knox the fol- 
lowing year. Later it became the property of Joseph Ball, a wealthy Quaker of 
Philadelphia, who owned land in several states. He paid $275,000 for Batsto 
and developed the bog iron works there during the Revolution. Iron cannon, 
6 (81) 




col. william::richards. 



THE RISE AND DECADENCE OF BATSTO 



S3 




HE RICHARDS MANSION. 



shot and shell were cast there and the place became one of considerable conse- 
quence to the colonists. A detachment of the British fleet was sent t«> destroy 
the place anil the battle of Sweetwater was the consequence. 

One of the stalwart men who, commissioned as Colonel, rendered \\ ash- 
tngton distinguished service in the Jerseys, was William Richards, a sketch of 

whom appears elsewhere. 
In 17S4. after the battle of 
Yorktown, Richards came 
to Batsto as manager for 
Joseph Ball, his nephew. 
He was 1 me 1 if the six uncles 
and six aunts who later in- 
herited the Ball estate. He 
was a man of wonderful 
energy and enterprise, and 
soon became sole owner and 
lived like a prince. He 
brought in immigrants, de- 
veloped the iron works, 
built up the estate and 
reared a large family. Re- 
fore the death of William 
Richards, in iS-'^. Jesse, In- 
oldest son, succeeded the father as master of the manor, and he ruled Ilatsto as 
his father had done with great energy and success for thirty years, enlarged the 
estate and made it exceedingl) prosperous. From the big house, which -till 
stands, he could survey a thriving village whose people were employed in the 
manufacture of iron, glass, pottery, lumber, farming and ship-building. Shade 
trees were planted along the four streets of the village and an assembly of happy 
homes anil miles of farm and woodland were the wealth of Jesse Richards. From 
his own store and mills he supplied his people and was loved ami honored as a kind 
and worth) master. In person he was very large and 
powerful, weighing close to three hundred pounds, 
and full of enterprise and good nature. The large farms 
made larger by the wood choppers and the charcoal 
burners yielded bountifully of all kinds of fruits and 
grains, and the several mills were kept busy making 
[lour, feed and lumber of the products of the woods 
and fields. Batsto, in the heart of South Jersey, was a 
picture of peace, plenty and happiness for many 
years. I hit the development of railroads and steam 
power, the discovery of anthracite coal in Pennsylvania and the opening of the 
iron mines there and the advantages to manufacturers of proximity to large 
cities, had a fatal effect upon the bog iron industry in and about Ratsto. In 1848 




TOMB OF JESSE RICHAROS. 




JESSE RICHARDS. 



THE RISE AND DECADENCE OF BATSTO 



the fires in the Batsto furnaces were allowed to 
relighted. This was a severe blow to (esse Ri 
[854, aged H'vmn two 3 ear 



iuI and they were never again 
Is, who died six years later, in 



aci«t55 


HHHH&$I&&^ * jL, 


■ .«v; 


i'.".*' ■':>L.^JfefiS^.*' 'A:*S3u ■ r .:&:#^M ^Pv:. <*s?.J 






2»] 






t jhfnrr" T itfjJT* iT Bl 







THE RICHARDS YARD AND BARNS 



iod. New inventii ins and 
perity of Batsto. 'They left the estal 
Stewart, and resided in Philadelphia 
New York agency serious- 
ly affected the estate, and 
they were induced tn sell 
thirty thousand acres of 
their lands. Workmen at 
times failed of their wages 
as the clouds of disaster 
gathered over this once 
happy village. Later the 
tires in the glass furnaces 
went out and the busy vil- 
lage of half a century was 
idle. Efforts were made 
by the residents to again 
start up the fires, but the 
competition and advan- 
tages of other places could 
not be met successfully. 
Batsto gradually ceased to be 
who sold tons of pork and pr< 



Near the old church in the village a costly marble 
monument marks his last 
resting place, on which 
the words "Beloved, I lon- 
■ ired, Mi aimed," are a lit 
ting epitaph for this re- 
markable man. 

Three sons, Thomas 
1 1 ., Samuel and Jesse, and 
three daughters, inherited 
the large estate- The si ins 
were the executi irs. They 
were the si ins 1 if a rich 
father and had not been 
trained as rigid!)' for busi- 
ness as he had been, m ir 
were they calculated b 
Ci ipe with the great indus- 
trial changes of that per- 
mpetition had their relentless effect upon the pros- 
n charge of their faithful manager, Robert 
Heavy and unexpected losses through the 




OLD CORN-CRIB AND GRIST MILL. 



the market-place for the farmers about Alt. Holly, 
duce here during the prosperous years. The mills 





>«^ (&3| 


-%■ . 


iAv /^^^. 


.^V 





HON. BENJAMIN W. RICHARDS. 



THE RISE AND DECADENCE OF BATSTO. 




BATSTO LAKE ABOVE Tl 



were idle, and the houses and foundry began to crumble and the canals to choke 
up and go to ruin. A few of the old families still lingered, occupying the habitable 
houses, finding employment in the coalings or chopping wood. The "Big I louse" 
was empty at last. No member of the Richards family remained there. ( >ne of 

the daughters had married 
Judge Bicknell of < >hio; an- 
other had been buried on 
the hillside by the old church, 
while the third had married 
a Confederate officer and 
lived in tin' Si >n 1 1 1 - 

( In the night of Febru- 
ary 23, 1874. a spark from 
the chimney of Robert Stew- 
art's house set fire to the 
dwelling and spread to other 
houses and buildings and 
laid Batsto in ashes. It is 
now but a suggestion of its 
former self, a deserted coun- 
try village. Mortgages had 
accumulated against the property and the Court at Mt. Holly had given Robert 
Stewart a mortgage against it for $20,000, and smaller amounts to other parties. 
In [876, at a Master's sale, on a mortgage for $14,000, which had been running 
since 1845, Joseph Wharton of Philadelphia, purchased the Batsto estate of about 
100 square miles. Mr. Wharton expended thousands of dollars in the improve- 
ment of property, repairing the buildings, clearing up the farms, planting hedges, 
building miles of roads, cultivating cranberry bogs, and restoring the attractive- 
ness of the estate. The "Big House" was very much enlarged and improved to 
the extent of over $40,000. It is a model country mansion, standing on a sightly 
knoll overlooking the lake and village, surrounded by grand old shade trees. It 
contains 3d rooms anil is surmounted by a tower Il6 feet from the ground. The 
dining room is finished in ash, the parlor in cherry and walnut and a large old- 
fashioned stairway in oak, heavily carved, leads from the spacious hallway to the 
floors above. Every room is provided with hot and cold water. There are marble 
top washstands and several bath rooms. ( )n the fourth floor is a billiard room. 
The walls are beautifully frescoed and the mansion is tit to entertain the President 
and his cabinet. From the ample porch one may see the carp pond just below 
the road where for years the old iron furnace stood, the beautiful lake to the right 
and above the dam and road, and to the left the stone grist mill, corn crib, the 
old stone store and stables and cattle sheds. What a lively panorama of past 
scenes do these substantial buildings and this grand estate suggest! Mr. Whar- 
ton has since purchased other lands and is probably the largest freeholder in the 
State 1 if \e\\ lersev. 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 




STORE AND LAWN. 



With the decadence of general agriculture and the extinction of old-time 
industries at Batsto, the growing of cranberries for a number of years has been 
receiving considerable attention. Augustus Richards, twenty odd years ago. was 
one of the first to engage extensively in cranberry culture at Batsto. The wild 

berry abounds in the swamps and foi 
years has been gathered by the hundreds 
of bushels. Swamps have been drained 
and cleared up and hundreds of acres 
added to the cultivated area and the cran- 
berry made a very important product ol 
this section. It is estimated that not less 
than fifty thousand bushels of wild and 
cultivated berries were harvested from 
the various bogs and swamps of the 
Wharton tract during the season of 1898. 
Naturally a large portion of the resi- 
dents of this territory are not property 
1 >\\ ik rs. Their income is partly obtained as day laborers and more largely derived 
from the harvest of the wild huckleberry, which is even more abundant through- 
out the woods and swamps than the wild cranberry. The huckleberry season 
lasts from the first of June till the middle of September, and hundreds of people 
gather enough of these wild berries to pay their entire household expenses. Men, 
women and children scour the swamps for them, expert pickers gathering a bushel 
a day each. This fruit of the Jersey swamps finds a ready market and is sent away 
by the carload. Requiring no capital to become a huckleberry picker hundreds 
of people make a comfortable living from this great natural 
privilege of the wild lands. 

The old iron plate bearing the date of the original 
building of the Batsto furnace, and its rebuilding twice, 
is still in existence and is treasured as a relic by -Mr. B. \V. 
Richards, at his office in Philadelphia. This plate for 
years was a conspicuous mark on the last stone furnace, 
and was saved from the ruins when the furnace was dis- 
mantled. 



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port Republic. 



xj" HE first settlement in what is now known as Atlantic County, was made 
\wj at Chestnut Neck, on the west hank of the Mullica river, near where 
-!• the village of Port Republic is now located. 

In 1637 John Mullica sailed up the river that took his name, landing 
at Chestnut Neck, Green Bank and Sweetwater (now Pleasant Mills); from thence 
he journeyed across country to Mullica Hill, where he settled, lived and died. 
The river and the town still bear the name of the first explorer of this section 
of New Jersey. He reported the country a vast wilderness, inhabited by Indians; 
the forest luxuriant in wild grapes and nuts; the waters teeming with fish, geese, 
ducks and sea birds. Here on the beach sands the sea birds laid their eggs and 
reared their young. The presence of large numbers of eggs gave the place the 
name of Egg Harbor in after years. 

The Manahawkin, Shamong and Nacut tribes of the Delaware (Leni Lcnapes) 
nation of Indians lived along the Mullica; at peace with the white settlers for 
more than a century before the last remnant of the finest type and most powerful 
nation of the Aborigines of the Western Continent retreated ominously toward 
the setting sun. There is no record or tradition of any massacres or treachery by 
the peace-loving Lenapes in this section of New Jersey. Tamanend. their be- 
loved prophet and chief, loved peace and justice and he instilled these sentiments 
into the hearts of his tribes. 

Many of the first settlers were the peace-loving Quakers, who dealt fairly and 
with justice with the Indians. Their lands were bought, and when the last of 
the tribes moved wot they received pay for their remaining territory. 

In 1676 the province of West Jersey (the Mullica river w~as the dividing line 
between East and West Jersey) passed under the control of William Penn. The 
liberal code of laws instituted by Penn induced four hundred families of Friends 
to settle in the Province the first year. Many families in Atlantic County trace 
their lineage to these first Quaker families. The Leeds were Quakers. A Friends 
Society was organized and a meeting house built about this time near Leeds 
Point. This old meeting house has since been converted into a store and dwelling. 

In 1776, when the Independence of the colonies was proclaimed, Chestnut 
Neck was the largest village on the Xew Jersey coast — a trade centre — vessels 
making regular trips to New York, taking out a cargo of lumber, fish, furs and 
agricultural products and returning with provisions and the mail. In that year 

IN!) I 




HENRY DISSTON. 



SKETCH OF PORT REPUBLIC. 9] 

Patrick McCollum and Micajah Smith, having obtained a charter from the King 
of England, began building the mill dam across Nacut creek' at Port Republic 
and erected mills for sawing lumber and grinding corn. Families by the names 
of Mathis, Johnson, Bell, Collins, Sooy, Gibetson, Turner, Brower, Smallwood, 
Miller, Bowen, Adams, Leech. Trench, Higbee, Smith, Burnett, McCollum, 
and Martin had settled at or in the vicinity of Chestnut Neck (now Port Re- 
public I. 

When independence was declared and hostilities with England began, the 
spirit of patriotism and love of liberty fired the hearts of the sturdy settlers of 
this section. A company of volunteers was formed, under command of < 'aptain 
Johnson, and a crude sand fort constructed on the south bank of the river below 
the village of Chestnut Neck. Another company of Rangers had been formed 
with Captain Baylin in command, at the forks of the river, below Pleasant Mills. 
Dr. Richard Collins, who was the first resident physician of Atlantic County, 
joined the Continental Army as a surgeon. Jack Fenton. of the Continental 
Army, was dispatched by Gen. Washington to this neighborhood as a scout, firs! 
to a-->ist Capt. Baylin in exterminating the renegades who were plundering 
throughout the settlements, and later to reconnoitre for British expeditions that 
might be sent against Chestnut Neck, which now had become an important post. 
The British were in possession of Philadelphia and New York, and Washington, 
with his bare-footed, half famished army of patriots was between these two centres 
of trade with no means of obtaining supplies excepting from the sparsely settled 
country district. It was at this time that supplies were brought into the harbor 
at Chestnut Neck, in vessels from the South, and conveyed by wagon trains across 
the State to the Continental Army, then at Valley Forge. Cannon balls were 
moulded of bog iron ore at ( )ld Gloucester furnace and at Batsto, for use in the 
American Army. The harbor being landlocked and secluded by the forest, made 
it an excellent and safe rendezvous for prize vessels captured by American pri- 
vateers. There were thirty of these prize vessels in the harbor, beside the mer- 
chantmen, when the battle of Chestnut Neck was fought. 

In the spring of i 77S. a renegade by the name of Mulliner, acted as a British 
spy and gave such information to the P.ritisli that Gen. Burgoyne sent an expe- 
tition, eight hundred strong, against Chestnut Neck. Jack Fenton, the scout, 
learned of the expedition and sent a messenger to the camp of < ien. Washington, 
who dispatched Count Pulaski from Red Bank to the Neck to check the move- 
ment. During a terrific rain storm, on the 12th of April, 1778, the British came 
into Little Egg Harbor Inlet and proceeded up Great Bay and the Mullica river. 
When the storm ceased and the fog lifted the British were within gun shot of the 
village. The volunteers opened fire from their sand fort and continued the fight 
until their scant supply of ammunition was exhausted, when they retreated before 
greatly superior numbers, covering the women and children, who tied to the 
wood-, and firing from tree to tree. Tradition tells us that the last shot was fired 
b) Capt. Johnson, from behind a tree, and killed a British officer who was lead- 
ing his men up the river bank. The British burned all the vessels in the harbor, 




ALBERT M. JORDAN. 



SKETCH OF PORT REPUBLIC. 93 

plundered and burned the village and ravaged all the surrounding country, taking 
cattle, provisions and whatever valuables they found from the settlers. 

While a portion of the British were plundering, a detachment of regulars 
were sent against Sweetwater, where Captain Baylin's Rangers were located. 
The "red coats" camped for the night in a pine grove along the river road. Jack 
Fenton, the scout, followed their trail, located their camp and hastened to Sweet- 
water to apprise Capt. Baylin, who immediately broke camp and marched down 
the river road to meet the enemy. In a ravine he halted, and taking a part of his 
command to the top of a hill, and placing the scout in command of the others 
in the thickets by the roadside, Capt. Baylin and his brave patriots, although 
greatly inferior in numbers, lay impatiently awaiting the coming of the enemy. 
The sun had not yet pierced the heavy fog that hung over the valley when the 
sound of martial music reached their ears, and soon the steady tramp of the King's 
regulars appeared in sight. Not until they were directly opposite did the order 
from the scout ring out "fire!" And instantly a volley was poured into the 
enemy's ranks, followed closely by another volley from Capt. Baylin's men. So 
unexpected was the attack that the British ranks were broken, and taking ad- 
vantage of their consternation the patriots with a yell rushed out into the high- 
wav and pursued the retreating enemy. < )nce the British Captain attempted to 
rally his men in the narrow highway, but after a skirmish they again broke ranks 
and retreated, hotly pursued by the Americans. Arriving at the Neck they found 
their comrades making a hasty embarkation, for Pulaski was coming with his 
command of Continentals. So enraged was the fiery Pole at the wanton destruc- 
tion by the British that he collected what vessels he could from Bass river and 
gave chase. So closely did he pursue them that one of the British vessels, which 
had run aground on the Range in Great Bay, was set on fire to save her from 
falling into the hands of the Americans. The others got safely out of the inlet 
and Pulaski's boats not being large enough for the open sea, he gave up the chase. 

Mulliner was captured by the scout, convicted and hung as a spy. Their 
leader gone the renegades left this section of the country. Jack Fenton was 
transferred to the Southern division and was killed in the battle of Camden, S. C. 

Thus the first settlers of Atlantic County suffered the loss of their homes, 
their cattle and provisions. Only three rebuilt at the Neck, the others moved back- 
to Gravelly Landing, on Nacut creek, and built the first dwellings, where now is 
the village of Port Republic. 

Ax Era of Prosperity. 

After the close of the War of the Revolution, when the English army had 
been withdrawn; when peace had been declared; when the young Republic had 
been established; when Washington had been elected and inaugurated President, 
an era of great prosperity dawned upon the hitherto struggling colonists. They 
were now a free and independent people and stimulated by the advantages of a 
liberal government, they went to work with a will and an ambition which only 
a people living under a free, independent Republic possess. The forests were con- 




E. H. MADDEN, M.D. 



SKETCH OF PORT REPUBLK 

verted into fertile farms, streams were dammed, saw mills erected and the timber 
converted into lumber. New settlers came in and towns were built — nol towns 
composed of frail shanties, but substantial dwellings of the spacious and attrac- 
tive colonial style of architecture. Many of these buildings stand to-day, monu- 
ments to the prosperity and comfort of the people a century ago. The old brick 
dwelling, built by John Endicott at the drawbridge, the old mansion on Main 
street, built by Nicholas Van Sant, and the brick store at the dam, built by Jonas 
Miller at Port Republic are among the colonial buildings a century old that are 
still tenanted and have been preserved as landmarks of a more substantial age 

The vast swamps of cedar along the Mnllica river and its tributaries were 
valuable for house building, and the giant oak forests wen- valuable for ship 
building. Lumbering became an important industry, and a line of trading 
schooners made regular trips between Gravelly Landing and .Manhattan (now 
Xew York City). Man) vessels were built here at the Van Sant ship yards, of 
which there were three, and some of the funs! and fleetest in the coasting trade- 
were built here. 

Farming paid well in these days, and the agriculturists found a nad\ sale 
for their produce, potatoes, wheat, corn, rye, barley, beef, pork, and wool among 
the lumbermen, carpenters, fishermen and hotel proprietors. Clothing was made 
from home-spun wool, woven by the fair hands of the village daughters. There 
was then no tariff and no shoddy clothing. Silver was coined free the same as 
gold, both were freely circulated. Mone) was plenty, times were prosperous. So 
the village of Gravelly Landing grew into a town, and an important trading post. 
After the burning of Chestnut Neck by the British, in 1777. the residents, fearing 
a recurrence at some future time, moved back on the Nacut creek and were new 
residents of Gravellj Landing. A post office was established, with James Hat- 
field as the first postmaster, lie was succeeded by James Endicott. A stage line 
was established to Philadelphia and the mail arrived and departed once a 
The arrival and departure of this overland mail coach, with its driver in braided 
hair, cocked hat, knee breeches and buckled shoes, loudl) blowing a trumpet 
to herald his approach, was an event in the annals of the town. The coach was 
large and seated twelve passengers, and was drawn by four horses. The start was 
made at 4 o'clock in the morning from the hotel of Japhet Leeds (now Leeds 
Point), stopping at the Gravelly Landing post office, Franklyn Inn at the dam. 
Clark's Mills hotel, Indian Cabin, Blue Anchor and Long Coming (now Berlin). 
Usually the whole populace gathered on the arrival of the coach, greetings wen 
exchanged and refreshments partaken of at each stopping place. 

Daniel Mathis, who built and kept the hotel at Chestnut Neck, which was 
looted and burned by the British in 1777, built the old Franklyn Inn, which still 
stands near the dam at Port Republic. Jonas Miller, a young brick mason and 
builder, married a daughter of Daniel Mathis, and afterwards became proprietor 
of Franklyn Inn. which he conducted successfully for several years. His four 
daughters, all of whom married hotel men. grew to womanhood here and were 
noted for their personal beauty and force of character. They were leaders of the 




RODMAN CORSON, ESQ. 



THE OLD FORT AND ITS DEFENDERS. 97 

society of the village, and in after years frequently returned to visit the scenes of 
their girlhood days. Jonas Miller removed to Cape May and built Congress 
Hall, when that resort was at its zenith of popularity, before the Civil War. His 
son. Burroughs Miller, served Cape May County in the State Legislature as 
Senator for several terms, and held several municipal offices in Cape May. For 
years he was the leader of his party in Cape May, and under his leadership the 
county was always Democratic. He was a man greatly beloved by the people 
of Cape May, and was identified with its best and most progressive interests. 



THE OLD FORT AND ITS DEFENDERS. 

C? HORTLY after the declaration of war by the United States against Great 
(JO Britain, in 1812, John R. Scull, of Egg Harbor township, living near 
^5) Somers Point, formed a company of infantry, known as the "First Bat- 
talion, First Regiment of the Gloucester County (Atlantic County at this 
time was not formed) Brigade, New Jersey Militia. Volunteers," for the protec- 
tion of the maritime frontier.. 

The following persons were commissioned or enrolled as officers of this 
company on May 25, 1814. 

John R. Scull, Captain: Samuel Scull. 1st Lieut.; Levi Holbert, 2d Lieut.; 
Job Frambes, 3d Lieut.; Zachariah Dole, 1st Sergeant; Israel Scull, 2d Sergeant; 
Samuel Lake, 3d Sergeant, and Richard I. Somers, 4th Sergeant. John Pine. 1st 
Corporal; Thomas Reeves, 2d Corporal, and Isaac Robinson, 3d Corporal. Robert 
B. Risley, drummer, and James M. Gifford, fifer. 

The following are the names of the privates found in the company: James 
Adams, Jeremiah Adams, Jonas Adams, Solomon Adams, Jacob xMbertson, John 
Barber, David E. Bartlett, John Reaston. Andrew Blackmail, Andrew B. Black- 
man, Thomas Blackmail, Derestius Booy, Joseph H. Booy, James Burton, Jesse 
Chamberlain, Jesse Chambers, Enoch Champion, John Champion, Joseph Cham- 
pion, Joel Clayton, John Clayton.. Absalom Cordery, Samuel Delancy, Daniel 
Doughty, Enoch Doughty, John Doughty. Daniel Edwards. Daniel English. 
Hosea English, Aaron Frambes, Andrew Frambes, Stephen Gauslin, Andrew 
Godfrey. Andrew Hickman, Ebenezer Holbert, Clement Ireland, David Ireland, 
Elijah Ireland, Job Ireland, Thomas Ireland, Andrew Jeffers, Daniel Jeffers, 
Evin Jeffers, Nicholas Jeffers, John Jeffers, William Jeffers, Enoch Laird. David 
Lee, Jesse Marshall, Daniel Mart. John Mart. Richard Morris. David Price, John 
Price, Sr., John Price, Jr., John Reggins, Jeremiah Risley, Sr.. Jeremiah Ris- 
ley, Jr., Nathaniel Risley, Peter Risley, Richard Risley. John Robarts, John 
Robinson, Andrew Scull, David Scull, John S. Scull, Joseph Scull. Richard Scull, 
Damon Somers, Edmund Somers, Isaac Somers, James Somers, John J. Somers, 
John S. Somers, Joseph Somers, Mark Somers, Nicholas Somers, Samuel Somers, 
Thomas Somers, Abel Smith, Enoch Smith. Isaac Smith, facob Smith, lesse 




JAMES D. SOUTHWICK. 



THE OLD FORT AND ITS DEFENDERS. 99 

Smith, Zophar Smith, David Steelman, Elijah Steelman, Francis Steelman, Fred- 
erick Steelman, fames Steelman, Jesse Steelman, Peter C. Steelman, Reed Steel- 
man, Samuel Steelman, Daniel Tilton, James Townsend, Japhet Townsend, Joel 
Vansant, foseph Wilkins, Martin Wilsey, John Winner and Joseph Winner, 
making one hundred and two privates. 

This company was discharged on February i->. 1815, and notwithstanding 
more than eighty-five years have passed away, yel to-day, through the veins of 
some of our mosl energetic, enterprising and patriotic citizens oi Atlantic and 
Cape A I ; 1 \ (mnitics, flows the blood of some of these men. 

During the short time this company were in service, they were not idle. 
Selecting a spot near the < .rr.it Egg Harbor river, one that not only gave them 
a full view of the Great Egg Harbor Inlet, but absolute command of the harbor, 
here they elected a fortification in the form ul" a semi-circle tift\ feet in diameter, 
with a base of twent\ feet and fifteen en the top, with a height ranging from six 
tn ten feet. This they mounted with cannon capable of carrying a hall from four 
i" six pounds; and woe he to the British Lion should he attempt tn intrude on 
these waters. 

After the erection of this fortification, Captain Scull had his men ever stand- 
ing guard both night and day, watching, as it were, with an eagle eye, for their 
dreaded foe, the British Lion, should he he seen prowling near, and horsemen 
read) tn mounl swift steeds and hasten tn inform the sturiK yeomen of approach- 
ing danger. Patriotism caused him tn leave his plow in the field, hasten 1.1 the 
house, seize his trusty flint-lock gun, pnw der horn and shot pouch. Thus equipped 
he impressed one kiss on the lips of the one near and dear tn him, then hastened 
tn this little fortification tn wait for the unwelcome visitors, and treat them tn 
the repast prepared for them, iron halls and lead pills. 

So much respect had the land holders for this little historic spot, that it 
remained untouched only by the hand of time, for a period 1 if more than seventy 
years, when the progress of improvements demanded its removal. 'Twas then 
that workmen found mounds of halls remaining in the same position as the) 
were placed b) our forefathers in 1X1.4. Now the iron horse treads where the 
hoys of 1X14 tramped to and fro. and with a lynx eye pierced the darkness over 
the waters of the Great Egg Harbor, to catch the first glimpse of their dreaded 
foe. The first obscure object seen thereon caused them tn more firml) grasp 
their trust) lire amis, silentl) pledging their lives anew, in the protection oi 
In mies 1 if their 1< ived ones. 

Well ma\ the American nation feel proud over the bold and daring acts 
of "Rear Admiral Dewey" al Manila, and Hobson al Santiago, a^ their art- of 
heroism were sent with lightning speed from nation to nation, and their names 
enrolled high on the honor of fame, in the annals of the navies of the world. Yet 
let us forget nut, that Somer's Point, in all of it- obscurity, is the birth place of 
one of the bravest of the brave officers that ever trod the deck of an American 
man-of-war; future naval histories may record his equals, tin past cannot; this 
is no other person than that of •'Master Commander Richard Somers," who 




ARTHUR H. STILES. 



BOUNDS OF OLD GALLOWAY TOWNSHIP. 101 

rificed his life on the 4th day of September, 1S04. in the harbor of Tripoli, in 
an attempt to rescue his fellow countrymen who were thought to be barbarously 
treated by their captors. 

Less than a half mile from where Captain John S. Scull erected his fortifi- 
cation, in 1814, this brave man. Richard Somers, was born, on the 15th day of 
September, 1778; still nearer this spot he received the first rudiments of his edu- 
cation; vet still nearer he received his first lessons in seamanship. From this 
port he first shipped as a sailor. In the summer of 1803, at his birth place, we 
find this noble commander bidding his friends, relatives and birth place the 
last adieu. 

The monument erected at Somers Point, to perpetuate his memory, marks 
not his last resting place, but reminds the one that reads the inscription thereon 
of the heroic acts of this brave man. 



BOUNDS OF OLD GALLOWAY TOWNSHIP. 

fEORGE THE THIRD, by the grace of God. of Great Britain, France 
and Ireland. King defender of the faith, etc., to win mi these presents 
shall come, greeting: 
Know Ye. That we of our special grant, certain knowledge and mere 
motion, have given and granted and by these presents do give and grant, for 
us and our successors, to the inhabitants of the north-east part, of the township 
of Great Egg Harbor, in the county of Gloucester, in our Province of New 
Jersey, wherein the following boundarys, to wit: Beginning at a pine tree stand- 
ing on the head of the North branch of Absequan creek, marked on four sides: 
on the south-west side lettered E. G, and on the north-east side N. W., and from 
thence running north forty-five degrees eighty minutes west (the eighty minutes 
must be an error in the records), sixteen miles a quarter and a half-quarter to a 
pine tree standing south-west, sixty chains from the new road, and near a small 
branch of Penny Pot, and in the line of the former township aforesaid, and 
marked as aforesaid: and thence running by the aforesaid line north forty-five 
degrees east, nine miles to Atsion branch, thence down the same to the main 
river of Little Egg Harbor: thence down the aforesaid river, by the several 
courses thereof to the mouth: thence south thirty-five degrees east, six miles and 
a quarter through the Great Bay of Little Egg Harbor, to the south-west end of 
the flat beach at Brigantine Inlet: thence southwesterly, crossing the said Brig- 
antine Beach and the sea to Absequan Inlet; thence north sixty degrees west, 
five miles, crossing the sounds and Absequan Bay to Amos Ireland's Point, near 
the mouth of Absequan creek; thence bounding by the several courses thereof 
up said creek, and north branch of Absequan to the pine first named, and place 
of beginning, to be and remain a perpetual township and community in word 
-and deed, to be called and known by the name of the Township of O. Galloway. 



102 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

And we further grant to the said inhabitants of the township aforesaid, and their 
successors, to choose annually a Constable, Overseer of the Poor, and Overseer 
of the Highways of the township aforesaid, and to enjoy all the rights, liberties 
and immunities thus any other township in our Province may of right enjoy. 
And the said inhabitants are hereby constituted and appointed a township by the 
name aforesaid, to have, hold and enjoy the privileges aforesaid, to them and 
their successors forever. In testimony whereof, we have caused these letters to 
be made patent, and the Great Seal of the Province of Xew Jersey to be here- 
unto affixed. Witness our trusty and well beloved William Franklin, Esq., 
Captain General. Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over the Province 
of Xew Jersey and territories thereon depending in America. Chancellor and Vice- 
Admiral of the same. etc.. the fourth day of April, in the fourteenth year of our 
reign. Anno Domini one thousand seven hundred and seventy-four. 

X. P>. — The first line was run from the head of Absequan t<> the head of 
Gloucester township line. June the first, 1 707. 

Wm. Lake. 
January 27th. 1899. 



Pi 



easant lllills. 



Ill 



I1H the exception of Clarks Landing, several miles further down the 
river, Pleasant Mills is the oldest settlement in Atlantic County. As 
early as 1718 the site of the present village was a collection of log huts 
where hardy pioneers found a free and exciting life with but few enervating lux- 
uries and lived by hunting, fishing and farming. Indians were numerous in 
Jersey at that time and had their villages in this locality, hut these white men 
early distinguished themselves from their red neighbors by erecting a cabin of 
rude, square logs, roofed with rough boards and dedicated to the Great Spirit, 
who made the white man and the red man friends, for in truth it can be said that 
in this State they were always at peace; there never was any strife or bloodshed 
betw een them. 

The site of the first rude church, which was known for man) years as (/larks 
Meeting House at the Forks of the Little Egg Harbor, is still pointed out as 
being near the present edifice, in the pine grove, on the margin of the old ceme- 
tery, where sleep several generations of the villagers. 




Few in our day can appreciate the unlettered teachings of the itinerant 
preachers, and the plain manner of living of those whose race was run in rougher 
paths than ours. Rev. Simon Lucas, a Revolutionary soldier, was one of these 

(103) 







.'. . L - 



PLEASANT MILLS \\l> 



'( ILD BUTT( )\\\ < ii IDS " 



primitive Methodists who officiated in this old church twentj years or more be- 
fore it gave place to a larger and more sightly edifice, in iSoS. He, Lawrence 
Peterson and Simon Ashcrofl were three of the trustees who built the pre enl 
church, which was dedicated in [809 b) the Rev. Francis ^sbury, America's first 
Methodist Bishop. The Bible used on that occasion is still kepi as a precious 
relic and is used by the present worshippers. It is of the same age as the church, 
having been printed in [808. In these the closing days of the nineteenth century, 
but few gather in this temple of worship, compared with the large and fashionable 
congregations that gathered here thirty, forty, fift) years ago. 




MILL RACE AND PAPER MILL. 



Sweetwater was the first name of the village taken from the Indian n; me 
hi what is now the Jackson stream, whose wholesome waters drive tin- paper 
mill. The first industry to be established was a saw-mill, which for liitv vears 
helped tn advance civilization at the head of what is now Nesco pond. A cotton 
factory followed within the memory of persons still living, and was operated till 
it was destroyed by fire. Since 1861 the paper mill has been the main industr) 
of the village. 

I he plant of the Pleasant Mills Paper Company is almost a solitary survivor 
of the many industries which thrived in the interior of Atlantic Comity before 
the advent of the locomotive. While other enterprises have struggled and finally 
yielded in the changed conditions. Pleasant Mills has steadil) flourished and 
forged ahead, and is to-day (me of the leading paper mills of its kind in this 




CHARLES F. WAHL. 



PLEASAXT MILLS AND THE "OLD BUITONWOODS 




OLD BUTTONWOODS. 



country. From Monday morning to Saturda} evening, night and day, the hum 
from the busy wheels can be heard echoing through the ruins of what fifty years 
agi i were busy communities in this vicinity. Raw materials are bought in our new- 
possessions, the Philippines, and some are raised 
b) our antipodes in India. Other materials come 
from England and Germany, and after being 
shipped to this obscure spot in the interior of 
Atlantic County, are transformed into paper whose 
market is the world. This process of manufac- 
ture employs and is the sole support of some 
twenty families. 

During the Revolution a battalion of soldiers 
under the command of Major Gordon occupied 
barracks at Sweetwater, just below the old button- 

1 trees on the bank of the Mullica. Nearby 

st 1 the old Washington tavern, where mer- 
chants, brokers, sailors and teamsters made this 
quite a prosperous and at times an exciting place. Vessels captured by American 
privateers and brought into Little Egg Harbor were unloaded here, and the sup- 
plies that were intended for the British army were transported from the midst 
of South Jersey forests over sandy roads by the invincible colonists |,, the suffering 
patriots at Valley Forge. The Delaware was crossed at Burlington and Bristol, 
and the distress of those memorable winters of 1777 and 1778 was made more tol- 
erable by the supplies thus obtained. 

Refugees and Tory sympathizers who defied authorities had their head- 
quarters in neighboring swamps, near what are now Elwood and Egg Harbor 
City, and made murderous raids upon defenceless people. Two such leaders of 
Tor; gangs, Giberson and Mulliner, visited the house of a widow Hates and 
insulted and tortured her by burning 
down her home before her eyes. She re- 
sisted and foughl the tin. so successfully 
that they tied her to the fence and re- 
newed the torch. They were pursued and 
overtaken, but * iiberson escaped by swim- 
ming the river at Green Bank, and was 
shot and killed later at Cedar Creek. Tra- 
dition says that Mulliner was captured 
at Columbia, court-martialed in short 
order and hanged from a limb of one of 
thi old buttonwood trees on the bank of 
the river, which have since been monu- 
ments of this exciting event. Another 

story is that Mulliner was captured, tried a- a spy and disloyal person at Wood- 
bury anil hanged there, and that two other spies were strung up with but little 



a^-L»T- 


J 

Jut 


/ 

J 


•k> 


\ 1 



OLD BUTTONWOODS. 



ION 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



cerernon) from one of the limbs of the three old buttonwood trees. However 
this may be, his grave may still be seen not far from these old trees on a knoll 

just back from the river. For many 
years a fence inclosed it. and the inci- 
dent has been an inspiration to many 
a school boy who has been led to shim 
the fate of this heartless refugee. 

What in the days of the Revolution 
was the old Aylesford Mansion, or 
home of the owner of this estate, still 
stands on its original site on the shore 
of Nesco pond, the oldest, most histor- 
ical and interesting structure in the vil- 
lage. Large shade trees shade the lawn 
opposite the mill, and from the spacious 
porch a beautiful view is presented of 
the pond and the village. This m.. 
was the American home of Kate Aylesford, the heroine of Charles Peterson's pop 
nlar novel celebrating local history and Revolutionary 
events. She was married in the historical Episcopal 
Church, on Second street above Market. Philadelphia, 
in the presence of Gen. Washington, to Major Gor- 
don, who was in command of the battalion of patriot 
troops stationed at Sweetwater, and who had rendered 
her invaluable services when in peril. For some years 
it has served as the residence for the manager of the 
paper mill, which together with the Aylesford Man- 
sion is now owned by Mrs. L. M. Cresse. of i >cean 

CitV. A STATE SENATOR'S HOME. 




THE OLD CATHOLIC CHURCH 





fljalher's Forge. 



<*> 




HOUSE AT WALKER'S FORGE 



IrlTI ATED on South river, in Weymouth township, three miles From 
1 Mays Landing, was founded by Lewis M. Walker, about iXi(>. Walker 
was born in Oley township, Berks County, Pa., August r6, ij'ji. lie 
came to New Jerse) in iNu, and became one of the first superintendents 
for Joseph Ball and others of the Weymouth iron 
works. When he resigned to establish a plant of 
In- own at South River, he was succeeded by John 
Richards. He built a saw mill and iron forge and 
prospered for many years, employing in his coal- 
ings, mill and forges as many as one hundred hands. 
lie married Charlotte Pennington, of Mays 
Landing, who was born April 25, 17NC). and died 
May 25, [872. They had five children: John P., b. 
Februar) 8, [820; d. March 26, [853, who was 
the first Sheriff of Atlantic County; George, who 
married — — , and was the father of Samuel, John P., and Emma; [oseph B., 
who married Mary Drummond, of Freehold, and had two children, both dead; 
Amelia, who married Joseph 
Humphries, and was the 
mother of two children, 
Mary and, Lewis; and Re- 
becca, who became the sec- 
ond wife of Simon Han- 
thorn. So far as known. 
John P., the son of George, 
is the only surviving mem- 
ber of the family. The es- 
tate is owned by him. and 
the tine st< me house, built in 
more prosperous days, is his 
summer residence. 

It is a tradition that the 
first iron pipes used in Philadelphia, in place of log aqueducts, were cast at 
Walker's Forge. 

100 




POND AT WALKER'S FORGE. 



110 l>\ll\ UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC 

HOW BAKERSVILLE WAS NAMED. 

Daniel, son of John Baker, a well educated and well-to-do descendant of 
Nantucket whalers, who settled and prospered in Cape May County in the last 
century, settled at Bakersville and gave the place its name in 1815. He was 1 
surveyor and civil engineer, magistrate and executor of estates. He married 
Mary Babcock, of Cape May County, and lived on a place purchased of 1 i< rge, 
father of the noted )o<: West. He persuaded Pardon Ryon, a Yankee peddler 
from Connecticut, to settle at Bakersville and start a store there, which he did 
and prospered. Ryon married Elizabeth, a sister of the late Israel S. Adams. 
Emeline Ryon. a school teacher from Connecticut, married John Barnes, the 
shoemaker, and that made another family in the village. William l'«. Adams, the 
blacksmith, married Rebecca Cordery, and Joseph Way. the tailor, married Cath- 
erine Steelman, and Bakersville became quite a village. 

In those days the wood and charcoal business with New York kept many 
men and teams employed along- the shore. Fish, oysters and clams were wonder- 
fully plenty in the bays, where vessels from Xew York were nearly always ready 
to buy, spot cash, from the baymen. An empty basket run to the ; 
was the signal to the baymen to come alongside with what they had to sell. There 
was plenty of money and prosperity in every home in the township. 

Daniel Baker, for many years was one of the Lay Judges of Atlantic County. 
He was a particular friend of Dr. Jonathan Pitney, and was with him one of the 
commissioners to divide Atlantic from Gloucester County, in 1837. It was Daniel 
Baker who suggested and insisted that the name of the new county be called 
Atlantic, after the ocean on which it borders. Mr. Baker was the father of eleven 
children: John. Joseph. Elizabeth. Phoebe. Huldah, Jeremiah. Daniel. James. 
Mary. Frazier, and Hannah Ann C. Raker. The last, who is the widow of the late 
Captain Barton Prink, is the - the familv. 






;90 Karbor ©it\>. 



OOX after the formal opening of the Camden & Atlantic Railroad, 
in 1854, the attention of parties was attracted to the vast expanse of 
unsettled Lands adjacent to this line. 

The said lands consisted mainly of second-growth pine land--. 
where the timber had been cut ofl years before for use at Gloucester 
Furnace and for charcoal for outside markets. In some sections choice forest 
lands still remained, where in later years considerable timber for lumber and ship- 
building purposes was cut and marketed previous to [875 or 1878. Along the 
Mullica river and the adjacent creeks beautiful and dense cedar forests were 
standing. From 40 to 50 hands ware employed during the years i860 to 1868 
in cutting these cedars for staves, lumber and shingles, which kept three saw mills 
in full operation. Annually about 150 schooners sailed away from Gloucestei 
Landing, and two or three schooners were always at the dock loading with lum- 
ber for Xew York and other ports. During the years [865 to 1867 the steamer 
Eureka (Capt. Crowley) plied regularly between this port and New York. 

Messrs. J. L. Baier, A. Eble, Clemens and Frederick Kali. E. Bernhard, Wm. 
Mischlich, I). ( >. Eckert, and II. Kayser were engaged in this industry. 

To open some of these lands for settlement an association was formed under 
the title of "The Gloucester Farm and'Town Association," which organized itself 
on November 24. 1854. in the City of Philadelphia, and elected the following 
Board of Directors: President, William Ford; Secretary, Frederick A. Roese; 
Treasurer, Henry Schmoele; Superintendent, William Schmoele; Hon. Andrew 
K. Hay, 1'. M. Wolsieffer, Garrick Mallery, Jr., J. II. Schomacker, and James H. 
Stevenson. 

They purchased from Stephen Colwell the so-called Gloucester Furnace 
Tract, comprising about 30.000 acres; 5,000 acres of the Batsto tract, and about 
1,000 acres more of so-called exceptions to round out the tract. It was the in- 
tention then of laying out these lands into twenty-acre farms and two towns, one 
embracing about four square miles, adjacent to the railroad station. "Cedar 
Bridge," to be called "I'omona." and one five miles distant, adjacent to ( doucestcr 
Lake and Furnace, where a considerable number of buildings were still standing, 
and were occupied by the first settlers, arriving during the '.ears [855 and 1856, 
1' 1 he called "I douccster." 

I ,\ cry purchaser 1 if a farm 1 >f 3 > acres was ci insidered as a sharehi ilder. There 
were two series of shares. In the first series the price of each share was S300, 

(Ml) 




. IVMES NORTH, M D., D.D.S. 



U ,t, HARB( )K (II , LJ3 

and in the second series $450. Each shareholder was entitled to a lol 100x150 

feet in size within the city limits; to a house of the value of 84 in his farm, and 

to a fence around the same, all at the cost of the association. 

Tin' price of a citj lol 40x150 feet was placed at $78, and subsequently raised 
ti 1 $103. 

I here was. besides a premium to be paid on each farm ranging from nothing 
to $350, according to the contiguity to city boundary, railroad, condition of soil 
and forest grow th. 

In April, [856, a commission of five members was appointed by the associa- 
tion to view the 14311 laid-out farms and appraise the premiums on each. Under 
date oi August 5, [857, the commission made a report of every farm mentioned 
on the plan. A few examples of their report arc herewith appended: 

Farm No. 1.— II. II. S. I.. Level location inclined to the northeast, par- 
tially swamp with maples and partially dr\ overgrown with small pines and scrub 
oaks. Premium $350. 

Farm 403. — H. S. Sd. L. Nearl) level location on the southeast side, rather 
moist, plentj oaks and pines; about three-quarters of the farm cultivated land, 
planted with about thirt) fruit trees. Premium $125. 

Farm 958. — II. S. L. G. Beautiful rolling location, hickory, oaks and scrub 
oaks, with wild grape vines. Premium $200. 

Farm [219. — II. S. S. Somewhat hilly, inclined towards X. \V. and S. E., 
maple and cedar brooks, with very large pines and oaks standing densely. Pre- 
mium S' 11 1. 

Farm [308. — II. S. L. C. G. In the middle a nice hill, burnt pines and scrub 
oaks. ] 'reminni $200. 

I he well formulated and advertised plans of the association met with unpre- 
cedented success anmng the German population of the Union, who were at the 
time suffering under the rampant spirit of Nativism, then sweeping over many of 
the states, and thus inciting many Germans to join this association and ultimately 
settling upon these lands. 

In a short time all the farm shares were signed, which led the managers, 
under date of March 13, [856, to change some of their proposed plans, so that 
the present limits of the city were decided upon, taking up all the intervening 
space between the proposed town- of Pomona and Gloucester, the whole to be 
called "Egg Harbor City," fronting one and one-quarter miles along the line of 
the railroad and extending northeastwardly seven miles to the Little Egg 1 [arbor 
or Mullica river. 

D. Hudson Shedaker was appointed surveyor, to lay out the city and the 
farms, and he commenced operations in 1X5(1. 

The 20 acres were laid out so that twelve farms should form a block, six 
farms fronting on one avenne and six on another: every seventh street within the 

« Abbreviations nso! as above: H. Humus; s. sand; Sd. I., sandj loam; 
].. loam; C. clay; G. gravel. The soil of farm 1308 would be flrst strata 
Humus, followed by sand, loam, clay and gravel in succession 




VALENTINE P. HOFMANN. 



I i ,(, HARBOR < II \ 

citv limits would extend through the farming district, giving the farmet 
ingress to the proposed city. 

I In: respective Board of Directors were kept bus) in providing means for 
the opening and grading of streets, erection of brick yards, building houses, fenc- 
ing farms, providing funds for the maintenance oi scl Is, etc.; and also during 

the firsi year after the incorporation of the cit) to provide means for the expenses 
of the municipalit) . 

In course of time considerable dissatisfaction arose over the manner in which 
the funds of the association were used and diverted. The brothers. Henn and 
William Schmoele, were specialh accused of using said funds in furtherano ■■> 
their private schemes, and the officers general!) in not carrying out the proposed 
promises, in needless expenditures, and in not sufficiently aiding the first settlers. 

t In Ma\ 2, [860, a new Board of Directors were elected, consisting of prom- 
inent settlers, bul the) were unable to cope with the spirit of mistrust and the 
financial panic arising and continuing during their years of rule. 

Finally, on November 17. 1867, this association was merged into "The Egg 
Harbor Homestead and \ ineyard Company," leaving the greater part of all the 
promised improvements unfulfilled, gathering in all the liabilities that could be 
forced and finally ending in dissolution. 

The association commenced to publish, in (856, a monthly newspaper, called 
the "Independent Homestead," printed in English and German. It contained all 
the official reports, proceedings, etc., of the association, and also the news of the 
settlement, it being the only medium of intercourse during the first years of the 
settlement, until 1 858, the first venture in private publishing was attempted. 

"Egg Harbor City" is so laid out that sixteen avenues, ranging from 70 to 
200 fi et in width, and named after principal cities of the United States and Europe, 
run from the line of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, in a northeasterly direc- 
tion, tn the Mullica or Little Egg Harbor River. Running at right angles with 
these avenues are the cross street- which are from Eorty-eighl feet four inches to 
sixt) feet wide, named in alphabetical order — two to each letter — after celebrated 
personages in science and letters. The squares bounded by these streets and 
avenues are each 330 feet wide by 600 feel long, being intersected lengthwise bv 
an alle) y feet wide, which alley gives even lot owner a double front; first om on 
a broad avenue, and second one on a so-called alley which, however 
than many pretentious streets in large cities. The advantages of this arrange- 
ment of street-- and alleys are numerous and self-evident. Each block is divided 
into thirty building lots, each 40x150 feet in size, or in certain case- into twelve 
farm lots, each 100x150 feet. The direction of the avenues being from northeast 
to southwest, while the streets run from northwest to southeast, makes the cor- 
ners oi all houses fronting on the same point to the four cardinal points of the 
compass, north, east, south and west; thus every room in a house standing alone 
is accessible to the sunlight, which is a ven valuable sanitary feature. 

Two parks, each 600 feet square, called the Singer and I arm r Parks, an pro 
jected, one at the southeastern and the other at the northwestern comet 




hURROLD F. ADAMS. 



EGG M *iRB< >K Cn Y 117 

city. Another park- is situated in the centre of the city, as laid out. It contains 
nearly 500 acres of land and is traversed b) three small streams, the Landing 
Creek, Indian Cabin and Elihu branches, one of which has been converted into a 
miniature lake. 

Near the pari is situated the Gloucester Lake, covering about 120 acres, 
which is fed by tin' aforesaid three streams. The water suppl) is a never failing 
one, and the power thai can be produced is quite extensive. The outlet of this 
lake, the Landing Creek, is navigable for small craft to within a short distance of 
the lake 

In [856a post office was established lure, and Charles Herman appointed as 
its first postmaster. 

On March id, [858, it was incorporated as a city by the State Legislature. 
The city government is composed of the Mayor, City Clerk, City Treasurer, \- 




COUNTY FOAD THROUGH EGG HARBOR CITY. 



sessi >r, nine members 1 if ( '< immi in < 1 iitncil to sc rve fi >r three \ ears, three- members 
thereof to be elected annually, < it) Marshal, and minor officers. The first chartei 
election was held June 8, [858, when 35 votes were polled and the following offi 
cers were elected: Mayor, P. M. Wolsiefifer; Clerk, Theodore Wisswede; Treas- 
urer, Daniel I lax: Assessor, William Kusche; Councilmen, Louis Ertell, William 
Darmstadt, Frederick Sautter. Christian Preiser, John Scherff, Moritz Stutzbach, 
Jacob Gruen, Ch. F. Schurig and IT. J. Keller. 

In the charter election of (859, 159 votes were polled. In this year Joseph 
Czeicke contested the election of P. M. Wolsiefifer as Mayor, which after a review 
b) the Supreme Court, was decided in the former's 1 




W. E. SKACKELFORD. 



HARBOR Cm 119 

The chief offices since the first charter election have been filled by the fol 
lowing', man) of them serving repeated terms: 

vlayor. Moritz Stutzbach, Frank Bierwirth, Louis Ertell, William Darm 
stadt, Daniel Hax, William II. Bolte, George Mueller, Louis Kuehnle, Moritz 
Rohrberg, Theophylus II Boysen, M. D., John Schwinghammer, Frederick 
Schuchardt, William Mischlich and Louis Garnich. 

< n\ Clerk. Julius Merker, Louis Schmitz, Herman Trisch, Christian Prei- 
ser, Ernst Adelung, August Stephanj (13 years), William Grnner, Francis N r or 
man and Valentine P. lb ifmann, 

City Treasurer. Daniel Hax, Francis Strauss, Louis Boleg, limn Schmitz, 
Ernst Adelung, \. P. Hofmann, William II. Bolte, Albert Ballbach, Robert 
( (hnmeiss and William Suykers. 

I In- present officials of the cit) are: Mayor, Louis Garnich; Cit) Clerk, \. 
P Hofmann; Cit) Treasurer, William Suykers; Assessor, Henry G. Regensburg; 
Councilmen, August Arnoldt, Frederick Morgenweck, William Mischlich, Sr., 
Robert Weiler, Henn W . Breder, John Prasch, Henrj Goeller, John Mattel and 
George Sorg; Justices ol the Peace, William Mueller and Frederick Berchtold; 
City Marshal, ( ieorge W. Senft; < onstables, William < .. Stroetmann and Anthony 
Sauer; < iverseer of the Poor, Anthony N'eu; Commissioners of Appeal, William 
Behns, J. J. Kraemer and fohn Reichenbach; Harbor Master, James I. Loveland; 
Pound Keeper, Jacob Kaenzig; < it) Attorney, Robert E. Stephany; Cit) < on- 
veyancer, Charles Cast; Fire Marshal, Henry Wimberg. 

In [858, Common Council decided that the seal of the < n> should be as fol 
lows: \n oak in the foreground, vessel and rising sun in the background, en- 
circled b) the letters "Egg Harbor City, New Jersey." 

In 1859, a census was taken of the population of the City, then consisting of 
454 males and 411) females, total 873. In 1875, the population was 1311; 1880, 
[232; 1885, 1232; 1890, 1 4.V S : 1895, 1557. 

Board ok Edui \tiox. 

\s per provisions of the City Charter, this Board consists of five membei 
three Trustees, the School Superintendent and Mayor ex-officio. The present 
members are: Louis Garnich, Mayor; Herman Dietz, Superintendent; Trustees, 
J. I '. Elmer, M. I)., George Mueller, Charles l last, 

The < lloucester Farm and Town Association provided the first means towards 
paying the salaries of teachers, providing rooms and necessan utensil ' 'ni ol 
tin first teachers engaged was Herman Trisch ; subsequentl) Messrs ' >. Buehnei 
John Schuster and Miss Wheaton were engaged. I or a great number ol eai 
Excursion Hall (now removed) was used for school purposes, until the growth of 
tlii cit) necessitated the renting of additional school room and incn isi ol teachers. 
The school rooms being wideh a pan it was quite an arduous task for the teai hers 
to howl) meandet from one place to another. Finally, in 1876, the present com- 
modious school house was built, but with the increasing number of pupils its 
rooms were inadequate to seat the same, so that additional rooms were rented, 




ISRAEL SCULL ADAMS. 



EGG HARBi IR CITY. 



121 



until [896, when an annex was limit which enables all the pupils to be placed under 
one roof. 

Under the able principalships of George II. Schroeder, Alfred G. Masius, 
Henry C. Krebs and Henry M. Cressman, the school has been making rapid 

strides and is one of the best in the county. 
At present the schools are conducted by an 
efficient principal with seven assistants, one 
of whom teaches German exclusively, which 
all the residents, whether < ierman or Amer- 
ican, know how to appreciate, as the gradu- 
ates of the schools are known to be thus 
doubly armed when they go forth to begin 
their struggle of life. 

During the years 1858 to 1879 a school 
school house. was kept at Gloucester. A commodious 

school with rooms for a resident teacher was 
built, but as the population rapidly decreased there the school building was sold 
and removed in 1881. Mr. Herman Althoff was the first teacher, and was fol- 
lowed by Dr. L. von Oslovskv. V. P. Hofmann and Miss Bertha Cast. 




I 1ms Bi iard consists 
Council for a term of 
fifth being the City 
present Board is or- 
1 'resident. George F. 
P. Hofmann; Inspec- 
M. I).. J. U. Elmer, 
gensburg. 

There is an organ- 
consisting of the La- 
and Good Will Hook- 
each housed in com- 

For the better pro- 
also to supply the em- 
ail ordinance was pass- 
granting to George 
chise for a water sup- 
entered into to supply 
annual rental ot'Sl.200. 
enabled to have the 
May 1st. following. 

The water is supplie 
Five and one-quarter mi 



Board of Health. 
of five members; four members are elected by Common 

four years each, the 
Clerk, ex-officio. The 
g'anized as follows: 
Breder; Secretary, Y. 
tors. Theo. 1 1. Boysen, 
M. D., Henry G. Re- 

ized Fire Department, 
fayette Hose Company 
and Ladder Company, 
modious headquarters. 
tection against fire and 
with wholesome water, 
ed ( tctober 17. [896, 
Pfeiffer. Jr.. a fran- 
ply. and a contract was 
3] fire hydrants at an 
The contractor was 
same completed on 




THEO. H. BOfSErv 



by two driven wells, one 307 feet deep and the other 401. 
s of mains were laid: the stand pipe too feet high has a 




HON. J. C. JACOBS. 



EGG HARBt )R CITY. 



capacity of 68.000 gallons, with a regular pressure of 4.3 pounds, and can be in- 
creased w hen necessan to too pi ninds. 

L*]i to 1886 the cii\ was sparseh lighted. In this year a regular system of 

lighting tlic streets In "il lamps was instituted, until this system was superseded 

ii electi cal illumination on April [6, [898. On this 'lair an agreement was 

'. into with Thomas T. Mather to supph the citj with 23 arc lights of 2,00 1 

■ 11 1\\ ei . al s 1 .' 'i )i 1 1 11 r annum, fi »r the term 1 if fi\ e \ car-. 

\i:\\ SPAPEUS. 

The first newspaper published was "Der Pilot." which appeared Decembei 
18, 1858, under the auspices of the "< onservativer Maenner Verein," and was 
edited by I )r. Robert Reimann.but was discontinued 
.Mar. h 19, [859. 1 >n March 22, i86o.it reappeared 
under a different management, and is -till pub 
lished by I lugo Maas 

"her Beobachter am Egg Egg Harbor River" 

appeared also in 1858, published and edited by 

Louis Bullinger, but was soon discontinued. 

j*^M0>\ I' 1 1863 ,|K ' "Atlantic Democrat" made its ap 

^^^L^^^^^^^ pearancc and was published by D. Gilford. 1 1 sunn 

BTfl ^B| I Yank 

S., Alexander J. and Henry G. Regensberg, the 

latter finally, September 4, [889, selling it to John 

!■'. Hall of ihe Atlantic Times. 

The "Atlantic Beacon," starting in October, 



GEORGE F. BREDER. 



1X711, was also published for a short time 1>\ Milton 
R. Pierce, to be succeeded the following year b 
the "Atlantic Journal,"' published by Al, Stutzbach & Co. for many years. In 
[884 it was purchased b\ Peck & < (liver, at Mays Landing, and finally came to 
Atlantic City, where it expired in 1898, after several changes and vicissitucl 

"Der Zeitgeist" appeared \pril 6, 1867, and was published For man) years b\ 
Al. Stutzbach & Co., who some years ago sold it to George F. Breder, by whom 
the name of the paper was changed to "Deutscher Herold," and is -till in ex- 
isti in e 

"Der Beobachter" appeared in 1879, and is now published by William 
Mueller. 

"Der Fortschritt" is the latest journalistic enterprise, appearing in [895, and 
is published b\ Robert Weiler 

The "Egg Harbor Gazette" wa abli led in 1891 by George F. Breder, 
the present publisher of the "German Herold." Two years later he sold to Dr 
<;. H. Gehring. who published the "Mays Landing Star." thus forming the "Star- 
1 ." This property, in [894, was purchased by Henry G. Regensburg, who, 
two years later, -old to Ernest Beyer, who moved tin office to Atlantic City. In 
June. [899. the "Stat Gazette" was consolidated with tin- "Atlantic 'Dines D mo 




SAMUEL E. PERRY, ESQ 



EGG HARBOR CITY. 125 

crat," and is still conducted by Mr. Beyer and published by the Daily Union 
Printing" Company. 

Churches. 

There are five churches, one Catholic and four Protestant. 

The St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church was first supplied by Redemptorist 
Fathers from Philadelphia, in 1858, until Rev. Joseph Thurnes was appointed as 
the first resident pastor, who was succeeded by Rev. A. Heckinger and Joseph 
Esser, and is now under the pastoral charge of Rev. Anthony Van Riel. With 
this congregation for the last four years a parochial school is connected under the 
supervision of Franciscan Sisters. 

The Moravian Congregation, nearly 40 years in existence, was first pastorated 
by Rev. J. C. Israel; its present pastor is Rev. Wilson A. Cope. 

The Lutheran Zion's congregation was founded forty years ago, and is now 
under the pastoral charge of Rev. * Ittamar Lincke. 

The St. John's Reformed Church, under the first pastoral charge of Rev. A. 
von Puechelstein, is now supplied fortnightly by Rev. Martin Qual, of ( rlass- 
boro, X. I. 

The Baptist Congregation is the latest congregation instituted, and is under 
the pastoral charge of Rev. J. M. Hoefflln. 

Societies. 

On June 28, 1857. the first Singing Society was organized by Prof. P. M. 
Wolsieffer, the founder of the first Singing Society in the United States, and it 
was named "Aurora." During its existence it has participated in many Singer 
Festivals abroad and carried oft" beautiful trophies; it held also several Singing- 
Festivals in our midst, where many societies from the Eastern, Middle and South- 
ern States participated. Its present president is Theo. H. Boysen, M. D.; Leader. 
George Mueller. It is the only society of this nature still existing, where for- 
merly a "Caecilia" and "Beethoven" Maennerchor competed with them in pro- 
viding musical entertainments for the population. 

The other musical societies are the Germania Cornet Rand. Jacob < (berst, 
leader; Egg Harbor Amateur Orchestra, George Mueller, leader, and Golden 
Eagle Hand. 1'.. Bollmann, leader. 

Among the benevolent associations can be named Pomona Lodge. Xo. 119, 
I. O. ( ). F.; ( ittawa Tribe, Xo. 72. I. ( >. R. M.; Union Lodge, Xo. 18, A. O. U. 
\Y.; Ringgold Council. Xo. 969, A. L. H.: Antioch Castle. Xo. 44, EC. I ",. E.; Pride 
of Egg Harbor Temple, Xo. 16. L. G. E. ; Egg Harbor Mutual Life Association. 

The Agricultural Society was organized March 0, 1859. Its object in dis- 
seminating useful seeds and plants, in keeping a model garden for testing of fruits, 
vines and plants, proved eminently successful during the first years of the settle- 
ment. After the County Society had relinquished the holding of annual agricultural 
fairs, this society took hold of it. It obtained a lease from the city of the present 
Fair Grounds, where from year to year it erected the necessary buildings and 
improved the same and also the grounds. It continued to hold the annual fairs 




CHARLES E. ULMER, M.O. 



EGG HARBI iR CITY 127 

until June i. 1888, when the members thereof decided to transfer n- rights and 
interests to a stock association, entitled the "Atlantic County Agricultural and 
Horticultural Association," which has ever since kept the animal fairs, although 
it has for later years always suffered a deficit. 

Mi. German St. Nicholas R. 1 Beneficial Society was organized in [866 
Egg Harbor Building and Loan Association was organized in [884. The 
shares are issued in annual series, and the sixteenth series was opened in fune, 
1899. Five series have alread matured; a series generally maturing in [30 

months. The receipts for the year ending 
June 1 j. 1 s. < 1 . were $32,784.20; assets, $101, 
333.54; liabilities, $95,275.38, on [638 shares 
and matured certificates, showing a net gain 
for the fiscal year of $6,058.16. The present 
officers are: Henn Kami, President; Theo. 
II Boj -.,1. M. D.. Secretan : Fred. \\ B( rg 
maim, Tre isurer: I lirectors, John R< lesch, 
Henry Fischer, William Mall, Henry Heitz, 
1 [enry \ oss, Joseph Engelhardt. 

Mir Egg Harbor Commercial Bank was 
organized in 1889, with an authorized capital 
oi $50,00 . "i which $25,000 is paid in. Its 
first president was Samuel Rothholz. The de- 
posits, ( ictober, 1889. amounted to $22,087 \7'- 
in October. [899, they amounted to $113,- 
419.83. Present surplus fund. $4,630.00. I'ntil 
three years ago no dividends were declared, 
lutt since; it lias declared a regular annual divi- 
dend of six per cent. The present commo- 
dious bank' building was erected in [896, at 
a iSl 1 if all' 'lit $5, 

["he orhYcrs ami directors are: Robert Ohnmeiss, President; Frederick 
Schuchardt, Vice- President; (harks A. Baake, Secretan and Solicitor; George 
Freitag. John Roesch, Charles ( ast, John C. Steuber, Ernest A. Schmidt, fohn 
Cavileer and Herman Dietz, Cashier. 




FREDER CK BERCHTOLDT, J. P. 



,\l \\ ITFACTURES. 

I he leading manufactory is that of clothing, in about twent} establishments 
employing nearh 300 hands; the leading establishments are those of Frederick 
Schuchardt and < .1 1 irge R01 sch, employing from twentj to thirty hands each. 

Jacob Eiselstein"s Parchment Paper Factory is one of the leading ones in 
this State, and he is hardly able to till his numerous orders. 

Winterbottom, Carter & Co., in South Egg Harbor, employ about twenty- 
five hand- in tlie manufacture of bone handles for knives, etc. 

Ihe manufacture of cigars, which twenty-five or thirty years ago was the 



( 




*«* "^v 







I 





JOSEPH FRA. NGEF 



EGG HARBOR CITY 



leading industry, has gradually dwindled down to a few manufacturers employing 
a small number of hands. The leading manufacturers now arc Louis Garnich, 
John Vautrinot, Philip A. Bergmann, John Schindler and Christian Lehneis. 

Manufacture of Wine. 
As early as [858, Mr. John I'. Wild, the noted entomologist, from his obser- 
vations was led to the belief that this section of the country was peculiarly 
adapted to the growth of grapes and manufacture of wines. His tests were of 
such a pronounced character that the planting of vineyards was taken up by every 

farmer and lot owner, and 
it proving so successful and 
remunerative, it gradually 
extended to such a scope as 
to he the leading place in 
the Eastern States, and to 
be the inducement of draw- 
ing many settlers to this 
community. 

Among those most active 
in this industry at its start 
may he mentioned Messrs. 
August Heil. John 11. Ban- 
nihr, John Butterhof, 1 has. 
Saalman, Herman Kayser, 
Philip Steigauf, Christian 
Kuebler, William Behns, A 
Stephany, Wm. Stroetmann, Julius Hincke. John Steinlein and others. 

Captain Charles Saalman, in 1865, after serving his adopted country four 
years during the civil war. joined the settlement at Egg Harbor City, and with 
youthful vigor, commenced to clear and cultivate his acres. With that inborn 
love of the German for the vineyard and its products, the wine, he planted the 
grape, first for his own use, because the educated German hates whiskey and 
brandy and regards them as abominations. It was up-hill work at first, as only 
the Isabella and Catawba varieties were then grown. They were meagre vielders 
of an inferior quality. Mr. Bull, of Massachusetts, had not then originated his 
Concord grape, an enormous yielder of a fair quality for wine. But it was not 
till the Norton of Virginia, the Ives and the Clevner grape were discovered that 
the wine growers could cry out "Eureka," and by judiciousl) mixing these varie- 
ties produce a red wine of the Burgundy type equal to the best varieties of sunny 
France. The soil on gravelly slopes, full of iron, with a favorable climate, helped 
to bring the grapes to perfection, so that in 1872 about 700 acres were planted in 
Egg Harbor vineyards where large stone vaults were erected from local quarries 
for its extensive manufacture and storage. 

It wa> at tlh> time that our national government, appreciating the great help 




CAPTAIN CHARLES SAALMAN'S HOME AND VINEYARD. 




CAPT. S. S. HUDSON. 



EGG HARBOR CITY. 131 

which light, pure wines would afford to combat the use of strong and dangerous 
drinks, authorized the Department of Agriculture to make a chemical analysis 
of some of the American wines, and the following was the report from the sample 
from Egg Harbor City: 

Washington, D. C. May 3d. 1881. 
Department of Agriculture. 
Examination of "Black Ruse" wine, vintage of 1877, from Chas. Saalman, 
Egg Harbor City. X. J. Received April nth, [881. 

Specific gravity o ; u 1 

Weight per cent, of alcohol 9.86 

Volume per cent. 1 if alci ihol 12.31 

Per cent, of total solids 1.04 

Per cent, of total ash 0.170 

I'er cent, of potassium 0-095 

I 'er cent, of bitartrate 

Per cent, of volatile acids stated as acetic acid ° ?,75 

Per cent, of t\xv<\ acids stated as acetic acid 0.287 

l'er cent, total acids as tartaric acid °-75'' 

A sound agreeable "Claret," free from harmful or unwarrantable additions, 
moderately astringent, and well suited for medicinal use. It lias evidentl} been 
carefully made and preserved 

Very respectfully, 

PETER C< ILLIER, Chemist. 




DEWEY'S WINE VAULTS 



Recent results are much more favorable than the first, and since then man) 
medals and honors have been bestowed upon the products of these vineyards, like 




NICHOLAS J. JEFFRIES. 



EGG HARBOR CITY 133 

the gold and silver medals from the Pennsylvania Fair of Philadelphia and the 
Exposition Universelle at Paris. The fostering care of the directors of the 
Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company brought many prominent nun to the 
vaults and vineyards. The industry prospered beyond expectation till 1886, when 
a threatening cloud came upon the horizon. The grape rot appeared and soon 
spread over the entire district, destroying year after year this important crop 
which had become the main dependence of many a < ierman settler and farmer, 
filling with dismay the owners of productive acres. ( irape vines were extensivel) 
dug up and the land devoted to other crops. 

Through the persistent efforts of the Department of Agriculture, a remedy 
for this terrible scourge was found at last in the spraying of the vines, with the 
so-called Bordeaux mixture. Hope returned to our vintners: neglected vineyards 
were trimmed anew and new vines planted. There is now a strong belief that 
the wine whose virtues are praised by the poets of all nations will bring pros- 
perity again to our farmers and happiness to man. 

The accompanying illustrations are of the vine-embowered home of Capt. 
Saalman and the large, crowded vaults of H. T. Dewey & Sons Company, whose 
enterprise makes a ready and unlimited market for the products of every vine- 




DEWEY'S WINE VAULTS. 



yard of the surrounding territory. Few appreciate the special knowledgi 
skill required in converting the several varieties of grapes into the many varieties 
of wines to give the proper color and flavor which distinguishes them. 

During" the harvest season, day and night Mr. 1 ieorge E. Dewey, one of the 
firm whose main office is at No. [38 Pulton street. Xew York, gives his un- 
divided attention to every detail of the work. ( Inly an experienced wine make- 



134 - "l ATLANTIC COUNTS 

can fulh appreciate the .ureal care necessary, in handling the juices from the 
^rape .b they pass through the various stages of fermentation 
and purification to produce the proper color and flavor. The hundreds of casks 
of all sizes and ages in vaults, kept under the strictest regulations are 

a sight worth seeing. 

Cnfermented grape juice for medicinal and sacramental purposes is sent to 
market 1>\ the in unlimited demand. Should grape gn 

regain its old time proportions the Messrs. Dewey would still be unable i 

Maud for this product of German skill and industry from South Jersey -oil 

Others at present engaged in this industry are John Schuster. S i lb rs 8 
Sons, foseph Rutterhof. Herman Kayser, August Heil, Charles Rorm, L. F. 
Sehirmer, Frederick Fiedler, Philip Rergmann, Rev. A. Van Kiel, and L. X. 
Renault. 

The best varieties of grap n this vicinity are Norton's Virginia 

Seedlii - ar, Ives Seedling, Concord, Diogenes. Franklin, Elvira. 

Among the old' of Egg Harbor City still surviving may be men 

tioned: Louis Roesch. [gnatius Roesch, Christian Oeser, John Xeuhauer. Chris- 
tian Wey, lohn Rutterhof. August Heil. Herman Kayser. William Reyer, Charles 
Schwoerer, Christian Gaupp, William Karrer, Philip Rergmann, Sr„ John I'l- 
brich. Frederick Storz, Frand l Regei sburg, George Freitag, Henry Winter- 
berg, lolm Reichenbach, Louis Lurch, Charles Kraus, Frederick Masche, Moritz 
Rohrberg, John C. Steuber, John Prasch, Kasimer Stattler. Reniard Grawe, R. 
\ Wennemer, Sr„ George Eckelkamp, Jacob Kaenzig, Joseph Wehming, J. 
Daniel Roeder, Frederick XetY. J. 1. Seilheimer, Conrad Karrer. Philip Doell, 
Frederick Rub, Charles Grunow, William Krieg. Peter Joseph Schwickerath, 
Gustav Guenther. Edward Ricbter, Frank Lothspeich, \. R. Hofmann, Ernst 
Roel. Peter Hartmeier, Edward Ranscher, R. X. Renault. John Huenke, A. 
,. Jos. Sahl. E. \V. Auerbach. August Ebert. Mrs. Agatha Schorp, J. L, 
Raier, St.. Mrs. Henry Rrander, Mrs. E. S. Mueller. John Schuster. Mrs. J. 1. 
Fritschy, Frederick llennis. Mrs. F. Weisenborn, Mrs. Martin Henschell, Mrs. 
I Wekly, Mrs. Sophia Kaelble, Mrs. Casper Rreder, Henry Range, Mrs. Reter 
Goebbels, Mrs. A. Reyer. Dr. Robert Reimann, Hugo Maas. Carl Winterberg, 
Reter Rraun. Mrs. E. Meister, Mrs. E. Rraunbeck, Mrs. Sophia Hiller. Mrs. 11. 
I F. \\ Schulz, Mrs. Man licit.-. Mrs. Rosine Oberle, Routs Messinger, 
Henrv Winterbers:, lohn Xanke. 









Htlantfc County 

OFFICIAL ELECTION RETURNS 

As Canvassed by the County Hoard of Election at Mays' Landing on Friday, 
November 10, 1899. 



U \ l: I. -, Tutt N- 
LND 

Townships. 



Atlantic « iiy. 






First Ward 1st Precinct, ... 


271 


88 


ii ii _2J " 


290 


7 1 


Se '1 " — 1st 


191 


71 


2d " 


313 


1-i 


Third " —1st. '■ 


i r> 


1 11 


" —2d 


227 


105 


" —3d " 


298 


106 


Fourth " -1st 


134 


111 


" —'2(1 " .. .. 


175 


lit, 


" —3d 


1 5S 


117 




51 


56 


Brigantine l-t Precinct 


ii 




-2d " 


Hi 


6 




125 


in.: 




179 


69 


Egg 1 [arbor Township 


155 


66 


( lafioway — 1st Precinct 


105 


l 1 , 


—2d 


18 


83 




243 

I2U 


123 


1 lammonton— 1st Precinct ... 


63 


—2,1 


104 


28 




in 


30 




in 


1 


Mullica 


61 


26 




1 1 


70 




38 

1 1 


23 


South \ll:ml ic 1 it v 


II 




ill 


37 



p 




P3 
























o 




i) 


£ 


p 


o 


















(1h 









Totals 

Total Rep. Pluralities. 



3864 1890 391 



1-:: 


266 


, r 


13 


216 


273 


95 


11 


120 


163 


97 


17 


•J Id 


186 


98 


15 


31 


242 


Mill 


12 


122 


184 


148 


6 


192 


257 


150 


13 


31 


1 17 


146 


6 


59 


1 25 


167 


12 


■11 


112 


I7U 


20 


1 


79 


34 


17 


6 


5 


1 


.", 


4 


15 


1 


7 


22 


117 


113 


7 


110 


18' 


07 


1 


89 


1 15 


7-"> 


21 


H 


176 


70 


22 


•35 


69 


63 




120 


-in 


155 


15 


.",7 


l 13 


46 


27 


7ti 


105 


25 


21 


19 


15 


35 


6 


6 


:; 


11 


1 


35 


59 


27 


13 


70 


158 


62 


65 


15 


40 


20 


2 


3 


1 i 


10 




23 


58 


11 


s 




36 15 


2139 


369 


1974 

















L33 
36 

107 

29 

i i 
58 
15 

I 
1 I 

4 
120 
7(1 
Hili 

6 
55 
97 
80 
in 

- 
32 
96 
20 











d 












L 


g 










a 


* 








/ 


i. 


3 


267 


on 


17 


292 


71 


13 


195 


70 


10 


315 


7n 


17 


247 


SI 


12 


217 


112 





290 


116 


16 


II. 


111 


10 


177 


lie 


13 


152 


1 23 


26 


58 


54 


is 


4 


2 


,, 


1 1 


2 


7 


121 


105 


fi 


•JO.') 


Is 


4 


150 


71 


•21 


130 


117 


25 


68 


64 




233 


132 


15 


119 


62 


24 


101 


29 


2i 


17 


33 


6 


Hi 


2 


1 


58 


26 


14 


122 


66 


98 


34 


27 


■ 


14 
5! 


11 
3! 


i 


3844 


1856 


121 









177 

218 

1 25 

245 

166 

105 

171 

31 

01 

29 

I 

2 
12 
16 
157 
79 
13 
4 
101 



1 1. i ral ic Plurality. 

135 



136 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

State Census, iso5. 

The following is a copy of the tabulation of the State Census of 1895, as 
prepared by the Secretary of State; and for the purpose of comparison, the 
United States Census of 1890 is also given: 

Atlantic County. '895. 1890. 

Absecon 522 501 

Atlantic City 18,329 13-055 

First Ward 3,622 

Seci md Ward 3.114 

Third Ward 5v-° 

Fourth Ward 5.873 

Brigantine Borough 138 

Buena Vista Township 1-4-4 1.200 

Egg 1 1 arbor City 1 .557 1 ,439 

Egg Harbor Township 1 not including Borough of 

South Atlantic Cit) 1 i-37- 

Borough of South Atlantic City 85 

Galloway Township 2 -375 -' ■-> ,>; 

Hamilton Township (not including Mays Landing).. 402 

Mays Landing L359 

1. 821 1.512 

Hammonton Township 3.428 3-833 

Linwood Borough 526 .... 

Mullica Township 825 697 

Pleasantville Borough L543 

Sinners Point Borough 230 .... 

Weymouth Borough 575 538 

34,750 28,836 






'P~ J® 






THE EARLIEST SETTLERS. 

kl ; .\ h >US to the advent of Jeremiah Leeds upon "Absecond" beach 

T-B as a permanent settler, there had been squatters or temporary 

^"H ~ residents here. Whatever title to the lands there might have been 

at that early day seems to have vested in the numerous Steelman 

family or in the West Jersey proprietors, successors to the King before the War 

for Independence. 

The abundance of game and fish, the frequency of shipwrecks and the un- 
disturbed isolation of the island, must have made it an attractive spot for refugees 
fn mi war or justice. 

Several cabins had been built and clearings made among- the sandhills when 
Jeremiah first stepped foot upon the soil, making it first his temporary and in 
about [783 his permanent abode. 

These different clearings or "fields." as they called them, even after Leeds 
little by little acquired title to and control of 
almost the entire island, bore different 
names. "Dan's Field," so called from its 
traditional pioneer. Pan Ireland, contained 
several acre- and was located within gun 
shot of where the Elks' Building now 
stands. The ruins of an old shant\ are 
still remembered by surviving members of 
the Leeds family. 

"lid's Field," so called from Frederick 

Steelman, its first cultivator, was between 

doughtvs cabin, built 1740. Arctic and I'.altic. Tennessee and New York 

avenues, where Richard Hacked built his 

first house, in 1844. and lived for nearly or quite fifty years. 

(1871 




HISTi '\+\ ill ATLANTIC nii 139 

"Samp's Field," which took it- name from Hezediah Sampson, included the 
pn 'in site hi Central M. E. Church and tin- First Baptist Church, mi Pacific 
a\ enue. 

"Inlet Field" was a leveled clearing, where the old -ah works were built at 
tin.- Inlet, at present mosth located in the Inlet Channel outside the Boardwalk. 

"Uracil Field" was near the corner of Massachusetts and Atlantic avenues, 
nearer the beach than the "old field" where pioneer Leeds spenl the last fifty 
- ii his I' ing life. 

()n the inside beach at South Atlantic in an obscure spot was a cave or 
hiding place occupied for a time during the war of 1812 b\ one Bill Day, an 
alleged deserter, who was employed b) Hezediah Sampson, who lived near, ami 
win) would give Da) a signal when danger was nigh 50 he could escape in his 

and elude In- pursuers. 



PLENTY OF WILD GAME. 

Robert I;. Leeds -till owns the old-fashioned shut mould which his father 
used in preparing ammunition fur hi- big gun which destroyed so much game in 
providing fresh meat fur his family. Tin- gun was larger ami heavier than an 
ordinan man could easil) handle With it the owner mice killed twenty-six 
black ducks at one shut, ami firing into a flock of squawks he killed forty-eighl 
of them. 1 in another occasion Leeds tired into a flock of lad) snipe, a bird 
larger than a mudhen, which then abounded, and killed seventy-five at a single 
discharge of his big grin. 

The eggs of wild fowl were gathered by the peck or bushel and were ver) 
rich ami w In ilesome foi id. 

I lure were acres of duck ponds where now are graded streets and hand 
smiie homes. The section from Maryland to Smith Carolina avenues from At- 
lantic avenue in the meadows, was known a- Squawktown, — low, swain])} ground, 
with trees, vines and briars, where flocks of squawks could always be found. 
Many kinds of birds which are now rareh seen could be gathered mi the meadows 
and about the l>a\ s by the bushel. 



CITY COAT OF ARMS. 
K. JAMES NORTH designed the municipal coat-of-arms for Atlantic 
( itv. Tin- escutcheon ci insists 1 if a shell, in which is a view of the ocean, 
a section of the boardwalk and three yachts, supported by two dolphins, 
and two ( irecian maid- personify ing health, holding the caduceus, meaning pow er, 
wisdom and activity in one hand and flowers of pleasure in the other. Sur- 
nn in 11 ud by dolphins and the light-house. The motto "Consilio et I 'rudentia" (by 
coun -el and prudence i. makes ci implete the typical characteristics which are repre 
sented. The citv colors are blue and white. 



Storms ano Mrecfes. 

( >BERT B LEE1 >S, who was born on this island in [828, and has always 
lived here, tells of the worst storm that he ever knew as happening when 
he was a boy, i i years old. 

Ilr remembers distinctly of hearing the roar of the surf along the 
beaches particularl) loud and threatening as he stood in the doorway of his home 
while the northeast storm was gathering. 

It was in December, 1839, the year after his father, Jeremiah Leeds, died. 
Their Ihuim- stood al the corner of Baltic and Massachusetts avenues, with a 
large field and farm eastwardl) From the house where it is now all built up. There 
■ :' only four or five houses on the island at thai time; the house of Andrew 
Leeds, where the Island House now is, the old salt works at least one square 
"in in the inlet channel from the Boardwalk at Mediterranean avenue, and the 
Ryan ^.dams house still standing near Maryland and Arctic avenues. 

The storm raged for several days as only a coast storm can, (driving the 
water-, into the bays ami flooding the meadows and higher land as ihev had never 

been tl led before in the memory of man. Boats could sail in the fields aboul 

the house. Water stood one and a half or two feet deep around the barns and 
haystacks where sheep and eattle were. \o storm tide since that time has ever 
flooded the island there as the great storm of [839 did. 

The most remarkable storm Mr. Leeds ever knew was a St. Patrick Day 
nor'easter, in March, 1852. lie was a young man then and used to go off shore 
to see his girl, a certain Miss Caroline English, who. the following April, became 
his wife, and has been his devoted helpmeet ever since. 

1 In March [6 two distinct sundogs were noticed, an omen of foul weather, 
but that did not prevent the smitten Barclay from going in his sloop yacht across 
Lake's Bay to attend a party. The next morning the storm was worse, but he 
hardly realized how severe it was as he started in his boat to return. He was 
nearly swamped on the bay before he reached this island, east anchor and dropped 
his sail. A temporary lull in wind enabled him to proceed and safely make his 
landing, after an exciting and desperate experience. 

That was tin' time that 1 _> 5 vessels , ,f a || sorts found a harbor of refuge here. 
It SO happened that a large tleet. none of them larger than 200 tons, had left Xew 
Y' irk for the SOUth when the Storm came up. Some of these vessels put in at Little 

Egg Harbor, above; some made Great Egg Harbor, below, but most of them 
tilled the bay and thoroughfare here, from the Inlet around to when' tie draw- 
bridges are now. For two or three days the. were here waiting for the storm 
to clear up. The scene of so mam sails ami sailors can better be imagined than 
described. There were collisions and more or less excitement and confusion. 
but no serious losses. Never before nor since has such an incident occurred. 

About [847 or '48, the Florida came ashore on Brigantine beach, loaded 

111 




JOHN COLLINS RISLEY. 



ST< >RMS AND \\ RECKS 143 

with tea, silk, fire crackers and other goods direct from China. This wreck 
occurred in broad daylight and was a total loss. The people gathered up chests 
of tea, case- of shawls and other goods only parti) damaged by the water. 

April J3. [866, the ship Zimbo, of Portsmouth, bound from Calcutta to New- 
York, with a cargo of jute, struck on Brigantine Shoals during a heavy fog and 
had to cut awa\ the spars, ller rudder was gone and she was leaking slightly. 
A wrecking steamer was sent to her assistance from New York. 

Capt. Jehu Price of Egg Harbor Township perished cm the meadows during 
a very severe snow storm on Friday night, March 25, [868. It was understood 
that he had run his vessel, loaded with manure, into the month of Cedar Creek, 
and was floating a scow of the manure up the creek. The scow sunk during the 
night, while up the creek, and after walking some distance Capt. Price told the 
lad who was with him to go for help, as Ik- could not hold out much longer. The 
young man was unable to find his way off the meadows, owing to the violence of 
the storm until morning. When at last he had reached the mainland ami given 
information, search was at once made, but when found ('apt. Price was frozen 
dead. 

A storm which began on Friday, March 25. [868, was by far the severest 
of that year. The wind was terrific, howling, tearing and driving the snow in 
all directions, piling huge drifts behind every building, fence and tree, completely 
obstructing travel on the highways as well as on the railroad. It was estimated 
from careful measurement that the snowfall was [8 inches. The tram- were not 
able to resume their regular trips until the following Monday. 

( in December 17. [866, the British brig Huron, (/apt. Rayt, from Cardenas, 
loaded with sugar, went ashore about two miles -ontli of Great Egg Harbor and 
became a total wreck. 

February 5, [867, there was a large steamer ashore off Brigantine Shoals, 
bearing the name of Cassandra, from Xew • 'rleans for Xew York. She 
oak-built vessel of [284 ton- register, and about three years old. Her 
consisted of 836 bale- of cotton. 82 bales of moss, 30 1 hi el- tobacco, -As.} 5 hides. 
14 rolls of leather and 10 packages of merchandise. She was commanded by 
('apt. Daniel McLaughlin and was a total wreck. 

A very severe storm of rain and wind occurred on Sunday, March i~ . [870. 
The tides were very full. 

The schooner Rapidan, from Yorktown, \ a., was dismasted and driven 
ashore by the heavy sea near the lighthouse, on ( (ctober 13. [870. She was gotten 
off by Capt. J. Townsend, after being ashore over four weeks. 

Among the severe storms recorded as visiting Atlantic City was tin 
storm of December 2^, [870. 

The schooner ( '. I'. Hoffman, Capt. I. V. Albertson, from Chincoteagm 01 
Xew York, loaded with oyster-, went ashore fifteen mile- south of Fen 
Island, on Saturday. March 2. [872. The crew were all saved, but suffered 
severel) from the storm and cold. In this .storm Capt. Henry Risley, of the 
schooner W'm. J. Rose, and a brother-in-law of Capt. Albertson, was lost with 
all her crew off 1 loa: I --land. 




JOHN LAKE YOUNG. 



•DOLPH" PARKER'S ADVENTURE. 145 

Capt. Samuel H. Cavileer, of Port Republic, was lost at sea in September, 
1876. During the civil war he served with great credit and came home a lieu- 
tenant. He was Sheriff of Atlantic County during the years of 1868. 1869 and 
1870, and was elected b) the Republican party to the Legislature in 1871, and 
re-elected in [872. After conclusion of his legislative labors, Capt. Cavileer 
opened a store at Port Republic, which he attended until he again became de- 
sirous to follow the sea. 

The tempest in September, [876, was the must severe experienced at Atlantic 
City for the previous ten years. The intense force of the wind snow-capped the 
breakers, and drove the tides in which washed away the frail boardwalk, upset- 
ting bath houses and sweeping away pavilions. No dwellings were injured. 

The heaviest snow storm that had visited Atlantic City for several years 
was on January 1. [877. 

"DOLPH" PARKER'S ADVENTURE. 

One of the most thrilling adventures and escapes that ever occurred in this 
city was that of Adolphus Parker, who. alone on the schooner Twilight, was 
driven to sea in a severe storm on the morning of Thursday, January 23, 1878. 
Young Parker, then a bo) of fifteen, was alone em board this seventy-ton schooner, 
which was anchored in the Inlet off Rum Point. A furious gale from the north- 
east wa^ blowing when, at 1 1 a. m., the cable parted and the craft was like an egg 
shell at the mercy of the storm. In passing out the Inlet channel the boat struck 
bottom below the pavilion and then veered to the north. Young Parker, at the 
wheel, tried to beach her on Brigantine, hut in vain. ( Iff the- inside buoy he 
dropped the kedge anchor. Inn lost it. The life saving crew discovered him and 
launched their boat, but were unable to reach him through the boiling surf. 
Citizens saw the boat pass out the Inlet and soon learned of the peril of the boy 
on hoard. That was an anxious night for his people, who could render no aid 
in such a storm. Parker realized his danger, but with great courage and presence 
of mind kept at the wheel all that day and night as he was driven away from the 
continent. Morning dawned and brought slight cessation of the storm. Hunger 
forced the hoy to lock his wheel and go into the cabin for a lunch, which his con- 
stant exertions and privations the previous twenty-four hours made imperative. 
While eating he was startled by a voice outside, "Hello! Do you want your boat 
sunk?" Rushing on deck he saw a vessel that had passed and was soon out 
of sight. 

The story of the Twilight and the boy at the helm might have ended there. 
The weather continued thick, hut Parker bent all his energies to pointing his 
ship towards the' shore and before nightfall was gladdened by the sight of land. 
He tried hard to reach the Inlet he had left, but alone and exhausted he was 
unable to do so. Finally, worn out and with bleeding hands he succeeded in 
beaching the Twilight at Shell Cut Inlet, near Little Egg Harbor station, No. 24, 
where he was rescued by the life savers and where his vessel went to pieces. It 
was several months before Parker recovered from the exhaustion of his severe 

1 irdeal. 

10 




HARRY H. DEAKYNE. 



XTbc \Dolunteei' jfuc ^Department. 

I lu c.irK historj of the Atlantic Cit} V'olnnteei Fire Department is practi 
call) a histor) of, and begins with, the United States Fire Company, \ T o. i . This 
compaii) is the pioneer of the present extensive and modern department, hut ii 
was not surrounded with any luxuries at its birth or in possession, during the 
early years of its existence, of even what would now be considered the barest 
necessities in the way of fire apparatus. The city had no organized fire protcc 

tion or apparatus excepting tv\ all hand pumps, one belonging to Win C! 

Bartlett and the other to Alois Schaufler, until 1874. Earl) in that year City 
Council, 1>\ resolution, appointed thirteen citizens as a fire committee, \\li" were 
1.1 uint nut and li^l.t lire when needed, ami <>n t Ictober 19, 1874, a committee 
of Council was appointed with power to purchase such fire apparatus as, in their 
estimation, the city needed. This committee, on November -id, reported the pur- 
chase of a hand engine and truck of Thomas II- Peto, a well-known dealer in 
second hand fire apparatus in Philadelphia. The total equipment was one hand 
engine, $650; one ladder truck and fittings, $4511: 7>"> feet of second hand rubber 
hose, $658; total, $1,758. Uso a two wheeled hose crab. 

Ii will be observed that our city fathers did not believe in purchasing an; 
new apparatus. Probabl) the) bad their doubts about the city existing long 
en. iugh I' 1 wear 1 ml new gi iocIs. 

In the meantime the fire committee of citizens (the majority of them having 
been members of volunteer fire companies in Philadelphia, Baltimore and other 
cities previous to taking up their residence here,) had decided to merge themselves 
i nt 1 1 a lire company, the result being that the I United State-, hire ( lompany, \*o. 1 . 
of this city, was organized on the evening of December 3, 1874, in the West End 
I ti itel, 1 iccupied by Archie Field. 

The original thirteen citizens appointed b) ( ouncil, constituting the chartet 
members, are as l< > 1 1 • >w s : 

George W. Martin, Robert \ Field, George Keates, Andrew Snee, Samuel 
rrilley, Thomas Trenwith, William S. Cogill, D. I\. Donnelly, Byron P. Wilkins, 
William Somers, Hosea Blood, William Baker, Henry McKinsey. 

Of these original thirteen four are deceased, four have long since moved 
away, and the remaining five are still living in this city. 

On December 7th Council appointed Messrs. Repp, Riley and French a 
committee to select a lot upon which to erect an engine house, and on I >ecember 
21st the committee reported in favor of the reai portion of the City Hall lot, 
fronting on Tennessee avenue. On fanuary (., 1875, the committee's report was 
accepted and a committee consisting oi Messrs, French, Riley, Johnson and 
Shinn appointed and instructed to secure bids for the building. 'The contract 
foi erecting the engine house was awarded to Joel R. Leeds on Februar) 15th 

(117: 




WILLIAM A. BELL. 



Til E Vi iLUNTEER FIRE DEP \ R I M ENT I 19 

and "ii July 171I1 following, Councilman Repp reported ordering, from the 
McShane Foundn of Baltimore, a fire bell to weigh 151m pounds, at a cosl of 
$450. This bell was placed in the tower of the City Hall, and its iron tongue 
sounded main a fire call in deep and well remembered tones, finallj striking its 
own death knell cm the morning of August 17. 1893, when the City Hall and 
1 Ipera I [1 ruse were burned. 

The engine house was accepted l>\ Council in October, [875, and the first 
apparatus, which had been kepi in Bartlett's barn, was housed therein. 

But, among our citizens and Councilmen of tin ise early days could be found 
a good man) pessimists who were decidedl) opposed to the formation of a fire 
company. They looked with suspicion upon the move and expressed grave 
doubts as to the outcome. Some of the oldest and. supposed to be, wisest ol our 
citizens were the strongest opponents, and gave it as their solemn opinion and 
conviction, that "You ma) look out for lots of fires now that some of them old 
Philadelphia fire sharps and toughs have started a fire company." In fact to 
them, a volunteer fireman seemed to 1"' onl) another name for a fire bug. \s 
a natural result there was considerable friction and differem e of opinion 1m I ,vi 1 n 
the fire company and the city fathers. 

Council was willing to allow the company to drag the apparatus to fires and 
do tin- work, but would not trust that valuable outfit in their sole charge The 
company, ver) justly, claimed that they should be the custodians and have entire 
charm' of thr apparatus, without any councilmanic strings attached, if they were 
expected to do the work when needed. 

Finally, on March 5, 1877, Council decided to be very liberal in the matter, 
and by resolution agreed to permit the company to use the building and appa- 
ratus "under the supervision of the Committee on Protection of Property,"' and 
certain other restrictions and conditions. 

The company refused to accept the offer or operate the engine under these 
conditions, and notified Council to thai effect at their next meeting, on March 
t2th, but decided to continue their organization for mutual protection and benefit 
in case of lire, whereupon Council accepted their resignation and. on motion, 
declared them discharged and disbanded, and proceeded to authorize a prominent 
member of their body to organize a new committee of citizens "to take charge of 
the apparatus and operate the same in case of tire." It appears there was very 
little loose material from which t<> construct tin- new committee, and the tern 
perature must have dropped somewhat below fever heat during the next seven 
days, as the records show that mi March 19th, on motion, the word "discharged 
and disbanded," as referring to the tire company, were stricken from the minutes 
oi ( ouncil, and on \pril 6th, the entire body was appointed a committee to confer 
with the fire- company. 

Three days later, on \pril <). 1 S77. the Barstow lire occurred. This lire i- 
well remembered by our older citizens as one of the "wicked" .ens. Starting at 
the corner of Pennsylvania and Atlantic avenues, and fanned l>\ a stiff northeasl 
wind, it was soon under full headway, and it appeared hut the question of a few 




HARRY WOOTTON. ESQ. 



THE V< (LUNTEE R II R E DEP \!M\I EN I 151 

minutes before the entire block to North Carolina avenue would be in flames ami 
doomed to destruction. The apparatus was hurried to the scene, but those who 
were in charge, nut having the requisite "know how," were unable to put the 
engine in service, and tin- members of the fire company bad rallied to the assist- 
ance of their foreman. Geo. \\ . Martin, ami were moving his goods from the 
Bartlett Hall Market, hut they promptly responded to the urgent requests of 
their fellow citizens to lake charge of the apparatus, and soon had the pumps 
going and two good streams playing upon the tire, and after a stiff battle cheeked 
the flames when half way to the alley, and within a space of less than twelve 
inches between buildings. Two of the pipe men. Geo. Keates and Theodore 
Martin, both since deceased, were nearly overcome b\ the heat and smoke, but 
stuck to their posts to the finish, when they had to lie assisted from the roof of 
the adjoining building. Mr. Keates came very near losing his eyesight from e? 
posure to the intense heat. 'Ibis tire burnt up all of the red tape and controvers) 
on the subject and most of the pessimists had their fear and suspicion of volunteei 
firemen roasted out of them at the same time. 

Shortly after this lire an ordinance passed Council giving to the tire com- 
pany entire control of the apparatus and management of the tire service, includ- 
ing occupancy of the' engine house 

The water supply at that tune was obtained entirely from cisterns and sur- 
face wells, about six feet deep. As it took but a few minutes to empt\ one of these 
supplies it required frequent changing of hose and moving of the apparatus to 
keep up the service. The hand engine was a powerful one of its kind, and re- 
quired thirty-two men on the levers when under full swing. It was constructed 
by Pool and limit, who were celebrated engine builders of Baltimore, where it 
was in service for a number of years before the civil war. It was sold to a tire 
company in Hagerstown, Maryland, and while located there, during the war. was 
put in service at a tire by Federal soldiers, who were volunteer firemen from 
towns in I 'eniis\ Kania. 

In June. 1X7K. the United States hire Company purchased a second-hand 
Amoskeag engine. This was the first steam fire engine in this city. 

The next large tire, known as the Reed tire, was on November 15. 1N7K. 
when Edward S. Reed's cottage and -tore. Lewis Reed's store and dwelling, 
Shinnen's shoe store and James Reed's cottage were burned. 

Another well remembered lire of the early davs. which destroyed the Wind- 
sor Hotel on Pacific avenue and the Dullmore on North Carolina avenue oc- 
curred mi the morning of December 30, 1880. with the temperature six degreees 
below zero ami two feet of snow oil the level. At this tire the old hand engine 
performed its last great service. The steamer was disabled at the start on account 
of frozen and burstcd water lines, but the hand engine was kept hard at it for 
over three hours under great difficulties and won a splendid victory. The cold 
was so intense that boiling water had to be poured into the pump cylinders con- 
tinuously to prevent freezing while in operation. Just after this tire, on January 
11. 1881. the city purchased a small Clapp and [ones engine and placed it in 
charge of the United States hire Company. 




i"-^ VN >\E - - - .. 



THE VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENT. 153 

( in June iw. [882, water was first turned inl 1 the mains of the Atlantic < it\ 

Water \\ 1 irks Companj (known as the W I » ompam 1. Thi hand engine then 

passed out of service and cisterns were no longer depended upon for the onl) 
water suppl) in case of fire. A few years later the States obtained title to the 
hand engine and it is still in their possession. 

The United Stairs I in 1 ompany, as the pioneei organization, performed 
fire service in this cit) for eighl years before the introduction of a modern water 
supply, and during the firsl years of its existence received no financial aid from 
the city, depending entirely upon themselves and their friends for maintenance. 

Their first appropriation was $50 | er year, later this was raised to $ at which 

figure ii remained until 1884, when it was made $200. \i present appropriations 
are $2,500 for some of the companies. 

During the twent) five years of its histon over two hundred citizens have 
been members of the United States Fire Company. Thirty-five are decea ed, 
some haved moved away, others joined other companies and some dropped out 
ni line. 

In addition to the thirteen charter members, the following are some ol our 
well-known citizens who joined the company during its early history: 

Charles W. Maxwell, David Johnston, Wm. H. Smith, Samuel IS. Rose, Wra. 
Caemmerer, Simon I.. Westcott, George F. Currie, John II. Champion, Pitman 
Carter, Joseph Thompson, Charles R. Lacy, Benjamin F. Souder, < harles S. 
Lackey, ('harles W. Barstovv, farvis trelan, fosiah [relan, Aaron Hinkle, E. G. 
Pettet, Benny Williamson,* Harn L. Slape,* Joseph II. Shinn,* John S. Taylor 

Seven years of active service entitles a member to be placed on the honorar) 
roll of his company and he relieved of lines for non attendance at fires or meet- 
ings. Mam, however, continue to perform active dut; ami remain mi the 
active list. 

The department comprises the following companies chronoli igically arranged : 

United Stales Fire Company, No. 1. December .}. 1874. 

Neptune Hose Company, No. 1. < October 7, [882. 

Atlantic Fire Company, No. _\ December 15. [882. 

Good Will lliHik aial Ladder 1 ompany, No. 1. February [6, [886. 

Beach Pirates ( hemical < ompany, No. 1. February 21, [895. 

Chelsea Fire Company, No. 6, November (1, [895. 

Rescue Hook and Ladder Company, No. 2, March t6, 1 81 .< 1 

West Side Fire Company, No. 4. July, [899. 

With up-to-date equipments in even engine house, anil the Gamewell live 
alarm system with boxes in all parts of the city and auxiliary fjoxes in leading 
Imtels. a lightning response is made whenever a lire starts, ami usually the 1 hem 
ical engine is all that gets in service. 

There are thirty-six salaried men. drivers and engineers; thirty nine trained 
horses at all times in readiness at the various Imtises tn respond in an electric 
alarm. The ease anil rapidity with which the} get in action is realh marvelous. 




CHARLES G. BABCOCK. 



THE OLD SALT \\ "( IRKS 155 

There are two hundred anil thirty active and one hundred and thirty honorarj 
members of the several fire companies; thirty-seven pieces of apparatus: 8 first 
class engines, 3 combination chemicals, t> hose wagons, 2 aerial trucks. 1 com- 
bination chemical truck and hose wagon, 2 patrol wagons, 6 supply wagons, 1 
hand carriage, ,1 parade wagons, 1 crab, 1 chief's wagon, 1 life net and 17 hand 
extinguishers. 



THE OLD SALT WORKS. 

In r8i2, when there was an embargo on salt, that infant industry was started 
on this island in charge of Zedock Bowen. The works wen- located at Maine 
and Baltic avenues and consisted of six large tanks, two row- ol three each, a 
large windmill pump with cedar log piping to keep the vats filled with -alt water. 
Movable roofs were made so as to cover these tanks at night and on rain) days. 
The water was pumped from surface wells dug in the beach sand, as this water 
was found to be very much Salter than that of the ocean. This was due to the 
evaporation of SO much sea water on the beach that the sand was full of salt that 
could be dissolved in such wells. That was before iron pipes were made in this 
part of the country. The casting of iron pipes became an important industry in 
Atlantic County 40 years later. 

There had previously been for many years boiling salt works on Peter's 
Beai h, near Brigantine, where salt was extracted from sea water by boiling it in 
large iron pots. The evaporation process was thought to be much cheaper. 

With canvas of muslin sails as crude wings for the windmill, ocean breezes 
were utilized for power in extracting native salt from local waters at ver\ little 
expense. The works could only be operated in the summer time. A good yield 
was 500 to 800 bushels a year. It found a ready market in New York and among 
the resident population. 

A stormtide destroyed the works in 1825. but they were rebuilt by Hosea 
Frambes and Ryon- Adams put in charge of them till [836, when he was suc- 
ceeded by John Bryant. The latter operated the works four years successfully, 
ami then moved to what is now South Atlantic City, where he operated another 
plant and was in charge of the Government Life Saving Station- for many years. 
I lis house was among the sandhills on the high ridge of land where only the 
highest storm tide- could gel near it. In watching for wreck-, and signalling to 
the mainland for assistance and aiding stranded vessels, his position was an im- 
portant one after the salt industry went to decay. 




- 



City ©fticials from 1854 to 1900. 

[854.- (May) Mayor, Chalklej S. Leeds; City Clerk, Jos. B. Walker; Re 
corder, Win. Neligh; Alderman, Daniel Rhodes; Council, Steelman Leeds, \\ il 
liam Neligh, James Leeds, Richard Hackett, John Leeds, Ryan Ulams; ["reas 
urer, Robert B. Leeds. 

1854. (Noa 1 Mayor, < halkle) S. Leeds; City Clerk, Thos. < Garrett; Re- 
corder, Maurice Sanders; Alderman, Daniel 1. Rhodes; Council, Richard Hackett, 
Steelman Leeds, Richard C. Souder, John Leeds, Ryan Adams, Robert B. Leeds; 
Treasurer, Robert B. Leeds. 

(855. Mayor, Chalklej S. Leeds; Cit) Clerk, John T. Andrews; Recorder, 
Robert B. Leeds; Uderman, Robert T. Evard; 1 ouncil, Richard Hackett, Man 
assali McClees, Smith Grey, Thomas t . Garrett, Samuel ^dams, Ryan Adams; 
'rrr.-i-.niri, Robert B, Leeds 

1X3(1 Vlayor, J. G. \\ . Wery; City Clerk, Tin. mas C. Garrett; Recorder, 
Win. W. Carter; Alderman. B. C. Danning; Council, C. S. Leeds, M. Met lees, 
S. Adams, A. Turner, T. II Bedloe, Ryan Ulams; Treasurer, Smith Grey, 

[857 Mayor, I G. W. Avery; < it) Clerk, Thomas C. Garrett; Recorder, 
William M. ( larter; Uderman, Joshua Note; Council, < . S Leeds, J. A. Barstow, 
S. Adams, Ryan Adams, Augustus Turner; Treasurer, Wm. M. Carter. 

[858. Mayor, Dr. Lewis Reed; Cit) Clerk, Thomas C. Garrett; Recorder, 

l\. C. Souder; Alderman, Jacob Middleton; Council, Wm. ( 1 ver, ' S, Leeds, 

Lemuel Eldridge, R. B. Leeds, R. T. Evard; Treasurer, Lemuel Eldi 1 

[859. Mayor, Dr. Lewis Reed; Cit) ( lerk, Thoma 1 Garrett; Recorder, 
Smith Grey; Uderman, Jacob Middleton; Council, Wm l onover, 1 I eeds, 

Lemuel Eldridge, John Smick, R. T. Evard; Treasurer, Lemuel Eldridge. 

[860. Mayor, I >r. I .ewis Reed; I lit) ( llerk, ( I. S. \ army; Recorder, Michael 
Lawlor; Uderman, Wm. Souder; 1 ouncil, Thos. II. Bedloe, Win. Vdams, Ryan 
Adams, C. S. Leeds, Amasa Bowen; Treasurer, C. S. Leeds. 

[861. Mayor, Dr. Lewis Reed; Cit) Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder, Absalom 
Westcott; Alderman, Wm. Zern; Council, C. S. Leeds, Unos Bullock, R. T. 
Evard, Joshua Note, Jos. A. Barstow; Treasurer, John McClees. 

[862. Mayor,! halkle) S. Leeds; Cit) Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder, William 
S. ( arter; Uderman, William Zern; Council, [rving Lee, I homas Mi irris, Lemuel 
Eldridge, R. T. Evard, Jos. V Barstow; Treasurer, John McClees. 

[863. Mayor, Jacob Middleton; ( it) Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder, William 
S. Carter; Alderman, Michael Horner; Council, Jethro V. Albertson, Jeremiah 
Adams. Lemuel Eldridge, [oseph \. Barstow, foshua \ T ote, [bhn Hamman; 
Treasurer, Jacob Keim. 

[865.— Mayor, Robert T. Evard; Cit) Clerk, E. S. Keel; Recorder, Win. 
S.Carter; Uderman, R, B. Leeds; Council, Joseph A. Barstow, Henr) Wootton, 

(157) 



R( ISTER i IF < IT\ ' >FFIC1 M.S. 159 

[eremiah Adams, Richard Hackett, Amos Bullock, Irving Lee ; Treasurer, Jo eph 

A. Barstow. 

1866.— Mayor. David W. Belisle; Cit) Clerk, E. S. Reed; Recorder, Win. 
S. Carter; Alderman, R. B. Lewis; Council, Jacob Keim, Dr. Lewis Reed, Henr) 
Wootton. R. T. Evard, Eli S. ^.mole, Silas R. Morse; I reasurer, Richard I lackett. 

1867. — Mayor, David W. Belisle; Cit) Clerk. E. S. Reed; Recorder, William 
S. Carter; Alderman. Jacob Middleton; Council, Silas R. Morse, Chalkle) S. 
Leeds, Joseph II. Borton, Jos. A. Barstow, Jos. Shinnen, R. T. Evard ; Treasurer, 
Jonas I tigbee. 

[868. Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Lewi- Evans; Recorder, Wil- 
liam S. (arter; Alderman, Edmund S. Westcott; Council, Joseph II. Borton, 
foseph T. Note, Lemuel Eldridge, Amos Bullock, John L. Bryant, Robert T. 
Evard; Treasurer. Jonas Eiigbee. 

[869. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk. Lewis Evans; Recorder, Robert 

B. Leeds; Alderman, Amos Bullock; Council, Lemuel Eldridge, [rving Lee. 
Joseph II. Borton, Joshua Note, Joseph A. Barstow, John Gouldey; Treasurer, 
Jonas I [igbee. 

1870. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; Cit) Clerk, Lewis Evans; Recorder, Chalk- 
lev S. Leeds; Alderman, J. Henry Hayes, elected bj Cit) Council, November 29, 
1870, as R. I). Leeds and Jas. Shinn each received 07 votes; Council, Levi C. 
Albertson, Jos. A. Barstow, Geo. F. Currie, Irving Lee. Paul Wootton, Jacob 
Keim was elected by City Council, November 2<). 1870; Chalkley W. Tompkins 
and Thomas Bedloe each received mi votes; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1871. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Andrew W. Tompkins; Re- 
corder. Chalkley S. Leeds; Uderman, James S. Shinn; Council, John Gouldey, 
Edward Wilson, Jonathan R. Doughty, Thomas E. French, Alois Schaufler, 
Eliakim Conover; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1872. Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Jus. T. Note; Recorder, Jacob 
Middleton; Alderman. Hugh II. Y. Wicks; Council, James Ryder, Franklin I!. 
Lippincott, John Harrold, Thomas E. French, Geo. C. Bryant, Thomas C. Gar- 
rett; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1873. — Mayor, Dr. (has. Souder; City Clerk, Lewis Evans; Recorder, Jacob 
Middleton; Alderman, Hugh 11. Y. Wicks; Council, Geo. F. Currie. George 
Anderson, Joseph A. Barstow, Richard Hackett, Richard Turner, J. Henry 
Hayes; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1874. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, Joseph T. Note; Recorder, 
Jacob Middleton; Alderman. Edward B. Reilly; Council, James S. Shinn. fonas 
Higbee, Eli M.Johnson, Edward Wilson, Thos. E. French, Lewis Repp; Treas 
urer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1875. — Mayor, John J. Gardner; City Clerk, A. M. Bailey; Recorder. Jack 
Middleton; Alderman. Dr. Lewis Reed; Council, Joseph T. Note, Henr) Wont- 
ten, Paul Wooten, Jonas Higbee, Hugh II. Y. Wicks. Jos. A. Barstow, fohn L. 
Bryant. Thos. E. French, R. T. Evard; Treasurer. Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1876.— Mayor. Dr. Willar.l Wright; City Clerk. James Godfrey; Recorder. 




JOHN 



Ri is | ER Ol Cm OFFICIALS 



Jacob Middleton; Uderman, Edmund I. Lake; Council, Geo. F. Currie, John 
Hamman, Elias \\ right, \\ . \. Vlitchell, John J. ( iardner, Jonathan R. Doughty, 
Win. Hawk, Joseph T. Note, Wra, Maim: Treasurer, Chalkle) S. Leeds. 

[877- Mayor, Willard Wright; Cit) Clerk, Edward \. Quigley; Recorder, 
Jacob Middleton; Uderman, Joseph Shinn; Council, ( has. W. Maxwell. I \ 
Byrnes, J. R. Doughty, John Harrold, J II Mason, Geo. W. Hinkle. Jos. \ 
Barstow, Eli M. Johnson, James S. Shinn; Treasurer, Chalkley S. Leeds. 

1878. Mayor, John L. Bryant; ( it) Clerk, Enoch S. Conover; Recorder, 
Jacob Middleton; Alderman, Edward Eldridge; Council, Jos. P. Canby, J. R. 
Doughty, R. T. Evard, Wm. Fulton, Geo W Holmes, Joe! R. Leeds, Chas. VV. 
Maxwell, Lewis Reed, Jr., Hugh II. Y. Wicks; Treasurer, Chalklej S. Leeds 

[879. Mayor, Willard Wright; < it) Clerk, Jas. Harrold; Uderman, Francis 
P. Quigley; Recorder, Nathaniel Webb; Council, T. A. Byrnes, R. T. Evard, 
Wesley Robinson, Geo. Hayday, Sr., Eli M. Johnson, Thomas 1 I rench, J. B. 
Champion, J. R. Doughty, Enoch B. Scull; Treasurer, Chalkle) S. Leeds. 

iNXci. Maun-. II;ut\ I.. Slape; Cit) Clerk, Enoch S. Conover; Uderman, 
Jas. Stokes; Recorder, Jas. Hitchens; Council, John C. Albertson, Jos, \. Bar- 
stow, Jos. II. Borton, John L. Bryant, Geo. F. Currie, Wm. Eldridge, Chas. 
Evans, Chas. W. Maxwell, Simon L. Westcott; Treasurer, Chalkle) S. Leeds. 

1881 Mayor, Willard Wright; Cit) Clerk, Henr) R. Ubertson; Recorder, 
James Hitchens; Alderman, Jas. Stokes; Council, John C. Ubertson, Wm. II 
Aikin, John B. Champion, Eli M. Johnson, Jos. R. Canby, < lias. W. Maxwell, 
Henr) Wootton, Franklin P. Cook, Wesley Robinson; Treasurer, Chalkley S. 
I eed 

1882.- Mayor, I harles W. Maxwell; City (Ink. Henry K. Albertson; Re 
corder, John Gouldey; Alderman, James S. Endicott; Council, John Hamman, 
Franklin I'. Cook, John I.. Baier, Jr., Irani Barber, Henr) Wootton, John !•'.. 
I '.lake. Wesle) Robinson, Wm. Aikin; Treasurer, Chalkle) S. Leeds. 

[883. Mayor, I harles W Maxwell; City Clerk, Henry R. Albertson; Ri 
corder, James Hitchens; Uderman, Jacob Leedom; Council, William I.. Adams, 
foseph \. Barstow, Francis Barnett, Henry X. Bolte, Franklin I'. Cook, George 
I 1 linn. John B, 1 hampion, Wesle) Robinson, George B. Zane; Treasurer, 
Chalkle) S. Leeds. 

[884 Mayor, Charles W. Maxwell; Clerk, II. R. Ubertson; Uderman, 
Jacob II Leedom < it) I ouncil. -Councilman-at-Large, Geo, B. Zane; First 
Ward, William L. ^.dams, Francis Barnett, Joseph A. Barstow, Henry N. Bolte; 
Second Ward, John B. Champion, I ranklin P. Cook, Geo. F. Currie, Henr) 
Wootton. 

1885. Mayor, Charles W. Maxwell; Clerk, II. R. Ubertson; Uderman, 
Samuel I). Hoffman; Councilman-at-Large, James Jeffries; First Wank Frank P. 
Cook, Louis Groff, E. S. Reed, II. X. Bolte; Second Ward. S. B. Rose, Wesle) 
Robinson, I \ 1 1 irsi >n, Georeg B. Zane. 

1886.- Vlayor, Thomas C. Garrett; Clerk, II. R. Albertson; Alderman, 
Jacob II. Leedom; Councilman-at-Large, J. B. Champion; First Ward, Frank I'. 

11 




. ■ •/;- ~ ::;v- £-„ 



Ri jSTKK ( )F (II x. < IFFICIALS 16 ! 

Cook, Henn Wootton, Joseph V Barstow, II. X. Bolte; Second Ward. S. B. 
Rose, Eli M. fohnson, R. W. Sayre, George B. Zane. 

[887. Mayor, Samuel D. Hoffman; Qerk, II R. Albertson; Alderman, 
James Stokes; Council-al Large, Weslex Robinson; I irst Ward. Frederick P. 
Currie.. Louis Groff, Joseph \. Barstow, II. \. Bolte; Second Ward. Joseph II. 
Borton, John W . Bowen, Richard \\ . Sayre, Eli M. Johnson. 

[888. Mayor, Samuel D. Hoffman;* lerk, II. R. Albertson; Alderman, John 
Gouldey ; Council at Large, Mahlon ( . Frambes: Firsl War. I. Frederick P. Currie, 
Louis Groff, John B. Champion, Edw. S. Lee; Second Ward, John Jeffries, II. II. 
! ostoll, R. \\ . Sayre, John V Mc Armey. 

[889. Mayor Samuel D. Hoffman; Clerk, II. R. Albertson; Alderman, John 
Gouldey; Council-at-Large, Mahlon ( . Frambes; Firsl Ward. John B. I hampion, 
Lewis l rroff, Fred. P. ( urrie, Edw. S. Lee; Second Ward. John A. Jeffries, Samuel 
l; Rose, II. II Postoll, R. W . Sayre. 

[890.- Mayor, Samuel D. Hoffman; Clerk, II. R. Albertson; Alderman, 
Robert Stroud; First Ward. Franklin P. Cook, Fred. P. Currie, Lewis Groff, Edw. 
S. Lee: Second Ward, John W. Clark, I lairs II. Postoll, Samuel B. Rose, Richard 
W Sayre. 

iS.)i. Mayor, Samuel I). Hoffman; Clerk, 11. R. Albertson; Alderman, 
Wilson Senseman; Council-at-Large, John B. Champion; First Ward, Franklin 
P. Cook, Austin Mathis, J. W . Parsons, I P Sto) ; Second Ward. II. \". Bolte, 
Lewis Groff, Van Buren Giffin, E. S. Lee: Third Ward, Risle} Barlow. Geo 
Chun, Sylvester Leeds, S. B. Rose; Fourtii Ward. William Bowler, J. W. (lark. 
II II Postoll, R. W. Sayre. 

1892. Mayor, Willard Wright; City Clerk, J. B. Winters; Recorder, Jacob 
II Leedom; Alderman, Joseph R. Bartlett; City Treasurer,, Chalkle\ S. Leeds; 
Assessor, William Riddle; Collector, Machiel \. Devine; Superintendent ol 
Public Schools, ('. J. Adam.-; Mercantile Appraiser, C. C Shinn; Cit) Sui 
Maurice llillman: Chief of Police, Ham C Eldridge; Cit) Solicitor, A. B En 
dicott; Overseer of the Poor, Henry C. Norman; Building Inspector. Emen D. 
[relan; Marshal, [saac C. Covert; Council, President, Joseph R. Bartlett, Ri li 
Barlow, II. V Bolte, Wm. Bowler, J. B. Champion, F. P. Cook, Jos 1 1 lement, 
J. W. (lark.. Geo. Chun. S. L. Doughty, V. B. Giffin, Eli M. Johnson, Sylvester 
Leeds, Ed. S. Lee, J. W. Parsons, II. II. Postoll, F. P. Stoy, R. H.Turner. 

1893. — Mayor, Willard Wright, M. I).: Recorder, Jacob II Leedom; Alder- 
man, Joseph R. Bartlett; Treasurer, Chalkle) S. Leeds; City Clerk, Emen D. 
1 relan ; Assessor, William G. Hoopes; ( iollector, Carlton < iodfrej ; ' 'hief of I 'olice, 
llarn I . Eldridge; Solicitor, Allen B. Endicott; Building Inspector, S. L. West 
coat; Electrician, Dahlgren Albertson; Council, President, J. R. Bartlett, William 
Bowler, Jos. C. Clement, George Cluin, S. L. Doughty, Van Buren Giffin, Win. 
\. Ireland. Eli M. Johnson, Sylvester Leeds, Edward S. Lee. Albert E. Moerk, 
John W. Parsons, Edwin A. Parker, llarn II. Postoll, Samuel B. Rose, Franklin 
I '. StO) . Richard I I. Turner. 

[894. — Mayor, Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder, John Gouldey; Alderman. 




JONAH WOOTTON. JR. 



ROSTER OF Cm ( IFFICIALS. 165 

Joseph R. Bartlett; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk. Emery D. Irelan; 
Collector, Carlton Godfrey; Chief of Police, Harry C. Eldridge; Solicitor, Allen 
I'.. Endicott; Overseer of Poor, Henry Norman; Mercantile Appraiser. \Y. I'.. 
Rich; Supervisor of Streets, Lewis I-",. Will-; Building Inspector, S. I.. Westcoat; 
Electrician, C. Wesley Brubaker; Council, I 'resident. J. R. Bartlett, Samuel 
Barton, Albert Beyer, Jos. C. Clement, S. L. Doughty, Wm. A. Ireland. Eli M. 
Johnson, Edw. F. Kline. Daniel Knauer. Edward S. Lee. Jos. E. Lingerman, 
George 11. Long, Albert E. Moerk, Edwin A. Parker, Harry II. Postoll, Samuel 

B. Rose, Richard H. Turner. 

1895. — Mayor, Franklin 1'. Stoy; Recorder. John Gouldey; Alderman. 
Robert H. Ingersoll; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk, Emery D. Irelan; 
Collector, Carlton Godfrey; Chief of Police, Harry C. Eldridge; Solicitor, Allen 
I!. Endicott; Overseer of Poor, Robert Dunlevy; .Mercantile Appraiser, J. W. 
['arsons; Supervisor of Streets, Lewis E. Wills; Building Inspector, S. L. West- 
coat; Electrician. C. Wesley Brubaker; Council. President, R. H. Ingersoll. 
Samuel Barton, Albert Beyer. Jos. C. Clement, S. L. Doughty, Win. A. Ireland. 
Edw. F. Kline. Daniel Knauer. Edward S. Lee. Henry W. Leeds, Jos. E. Linger- 
man, George H. Long, Albert E. Moerk, Edwin A. Barker. Harry H. Postoll. 
Samuel B. Rose, Prank L. Southrn. 

[896. — Mayor, Franklin I'. Stoy; Recorder. Robert H. Ingersoll; Alder- 
man, James I). Southwick; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk, Emery D. 
Irelan; Collector. Carlton Godfrey; Solicitor, Allen R. Endicott; City Comp- 
troller, A. M. Heston; Chief of Police, Harry C. Eldridge; < Iverseer of Poor, 
Robert Dunlevy; Mercantile Appraiser, J. \\ '. Parsons; Superisor of Street-. 
Beriah Mathis; Building Inspector. S. L. Westcoat; Electrician, C. Wesley Bru- 
baker; Council, President, Jas. D. Southwick, Samuel Barton. Albert Beyer. Jos. 

C. (lenient. S. L. Doughty, Enos F. llann, Wm. A. Ireland, Edw. F. Kline; 
Daniel Kanuer. Edward S. Lee, Henry W. Leeds. Jos. E. Lingerman, < reorge I I 
Lous;. Edwin A. Parker. Harry H. Postoll, Samuel B. Rose. Prank L. Southrn. 

1897. — Mayor, Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder. Robert H. Ingersoll; Alderman. 
James I). Southwick; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk. Emery 1). Irelan: 
Collector, Carlton Godfrey; Solicitor. Allen B. Endicott; City Comptroller. A. 
M. Heston; Chief of Police. Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of Poor; Daniel L. 
Albertson; Mercantile Appraiser. J. W. Parsons: Supervisor of Streets. Beriah 
Mathis; Building Inspector, S. L. Westcoat; Electrician, C. Wesley Brubaker; 
City Marshal, Cornelius S. Port; Council. 1 'resident. Jas. 1). Southwick. Samuel 
Barton, David R. Barrett, Albert Beyer. Jos. C. (lenient. S. L. Doughty. Enos 
F. Hann, Wm. A. Ireland, Samuel H. Kelley, Daniel Knauer, Edward S. Lee, 
I bury W. Leeds, Jos. E. Lingerman, (ieorge H. Long, Edwin A. Barker, Samuel 
B. Rose, Frank L. Southrn. 

[898. — Mayor. Joseph Thompson; Recorder. John S. Westcott; Alderman. 
James D. Southwick; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries: City Clerk, Emery D. Irelan: 
Collector, William Lowry, Jr.; Solicitor. Carlton Godfrey; City Comptroller, A. 
M. Heston; Chief of 1'olice. Harry C. Eldridge; 1 iverseer of Poor, Daniel L. 




BURROWS C. GODFREY. ESQ. 



Ri iSTEK ( )F CITY ( >FFICIALS 107 

Albertson; .Mercantile Appraiser, J. W. Parsons; Supervisor of Streets, Beriah 
Vlathis; Building Inspector, S. L. Westcoat; Electrician, C. Wesley Brubaker; 
City Marshal, Cornelius S. Fort; Council, President, James D. Southwick, Samuel 
Barton, David R. Barrett, Albert Beyer, Jos. C. Clement. S. L. Doughty, Hugo 
Garnich, Enos F. Mann, Win. \. Ireland. Samuel II. Kelley, Daniel Knauer. 
Edward S. Lee, Henr) W. Leeds, Jos. E. Lingerman, George II. Long; Edwin 
A. Parker, Samuel B. R. ise. 

[899. — Mayor. Joseph Thompson; Recorder, John S. Westcott; Alderman, 
James I). Southwick; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk. Emery I), trelan; 
Collector, William I. ..wry. Jr.; Git) ' omptroller, A. M. Heston; Solicitor, Carl- 
ton Godfrey; Chief of Police. Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of Poor, Daniel P. 
Albertson; Mercantile Appraiser, J. W. Parsons; City Engineer, John W. Hack- 
ney; Supervisor of Streets, Samuel B. Rose; Building Inspector. S. L. We 
Electrician. C. Wesley Brubaker; City Marshal, Cornelius S. fort; Council, 
President, James I). Southwick. Samuel Barton, David R. Barrett, Albert Beyer, 
fos. C. (lenient. S. L. Doughty, John R. Fleming, Hugo Garnich, Enos F. Hann, 
Wm. A. Ireland, Samuel II. Kelley, Daniel Knauer. Edward S. Lee. Henry W. 
Leeds, Jos. E. Lingerman, George H. Long, Edwin A. Parker. 

1900. — Mayor. Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder. Robert E. Stephany; Alderman, 
Harry liacharaeh: Trasurer, John A. Jeffries; < ollector, William Lowry, Jr.; 
Cit) Clerk, Emery I >. trelan ; ( !i ml roller, A. M. Heston; ( Iverseer of Poor. Daniel 
L. Albertson; Council, Harry liacharaeh, David R. Barrett, Albert Beyer, Jos. (\ 
Clement. P.. A. Parker, Edward S. Pee. E. P. Hann, John Donnelly, Henr) W. 
Leeds, George Long, John I\. Fleming, Willis Vanaman, Somers P. Doughty, 
W. A. Ireland, Thomas H. Thompson, William I lowker and Hugo Garnich. 

RYAN ADAMS MOVES TO TOWN. 

Ryan Adams, one of the early settlers on this island, erecting the fifth house, 
the first on the Chamberlain tract at Arctic and Delaware avenues, first lived on 
Inside Peach, near the Cedar Grove house at South Atlantic. He moved up and 
was the first to occupy and operate the old salt works at the Inlet, before John 
Bryant moved over from Absecon and took charge. 

In those days the important article of salt was made along the coast before 
inland salt springs had been discovered or developed. There had previousl) been 
a boiling salt plant on this island and on Brigantine, but projectors decided that 
an evaporating plant would be more profitable. Large shallow- tanks, with 
1111 ivable roofs and windmill pumps were o instructed and the surrounding ci mntr) 
was supplied with pure rocksalt. 

At that time vessels could sail, at high tide, through what is now known as 
Dry Inlet, above Ventnor. At low water it was safe for a team to for. I the channel. 

Joshua, son of Ryan Adams, on the day of the moving, drove the old mare 
up the beach attached to a light wagon. It was not ye1 low tide when the boy 
reached Dry Inlet and the old mare with the wagon to pull had to swim through 
the ebbing tide. She barel)' escaped being carried out to sea. The team was 
swept down the channel to the ocean side of the beach, where the old mare luckily 
touched bottom and got ashore 

Ryan Adams and his wife Judith had four sous; Joshua, < 'wen. Peter and 
Daniel, and two daughters: Lovenia, who became the wife of Joseph Showell, 
and Armenia, who never married. 




-4 -^~£E Er^ 



Btlantic Cit\> JBefore the IRatlroafc. 



\ 1852, when the first railroad was agitated, ^ t - \ ^ 1 1 houses stood 
/here Atlantic City stands to-day. The first of these was 

as,'£ the last residence of Jeremiah Leeds. Ii was still occupied 
Sofiar* ■-■■ ' ,N ' ns lamih ami was a frame structure standing at the 

lww*, r corner of Baltic and Massachusetts avenues Soon aftei the 

death ol Jeremiah Leeds, in 1838, a two ston addition was 
built to ii and the widow, "Aunt Millie," as she was called, 
then fort) eight years of age, engaged more extensively in 
the business of taking boarders. Sportsmen from the city 
then as now found a visit to the seashore enjoyable. For 
ten or a dozen years "Aunt Millie" had the only licensed house on the island. In 
[853, just before the building of the railroad, she rented the propert) to one 
Thomas McNeelis and went to live with her oldesl son, Chalkey, where she 
spent the lasl twentj years of her life. 

Close to ii stood the cedar log house in which patriarch Leeds lived man) 
years. This was built of good cedar logs, shingled on the outside and sealed with 
plowed and grooved boards inside. Ii had two rooms belov, and plent) of cham 
her room above. An ordinal") man could walk under the mantle into the large 
open fireplace which had but one jamb, so thai large logs could be rolled in and 
one end burned off, when the log could be pulled up into the fire. This aved 
chopping wood. This house was used as a shed and storeroom when a larger 
frame house was built near it later, and was finally turn down in 1853, when the 
railroad was building and the cedar logs were converted into shingles. 

The next house in point of age standing at that time was the residence ol 
\ndrew Leeds, youngest son of Jeremiah by his first wile. It stood where a 
section of it still stands as a part of the Island House property, near the draw- 
bridge. It was built about [815 ami was a con- 
spicuous landmark from the l>a\ side of the island. 
The next house was the old salt works near 
the head of Baltic avenue, where the Inlet channel 
now Hows. It was built and occupied by one [ohn 
Bryant, who operated the salt works till one John 
Horner came here from Tuckerton, when Bryant 
moved to Absecon. The building is still standing, 
being a portion of the residence of [rving Lee on 
I 'ennsylvania a\ enue. 




HOUSE OF ANDREW LEEDS. 



[1691 




JOSEPH S. CHAVPiON. 



v'<< >i 




HOUSE OF JOHN LEEDS. 



Another of those island homes was the residence 
of Ryan Adams, at Delaware and Arctic avenues. 
In it the first city election was held. The building is 
still standing, but not on the original site. 

The sixth house was the home of James Leeds, 
another son of Andrew, at Arctic and Arkansas 
avenues. It now forms part of the second story of 
a tenement on Arkansas avenue above Arctic. 

The seventh and last house to be built on the 
island before the railroad was that of Richard Ffackett and Judith Leeds. It. was 
erected in [844 and was demolished in [898. It stood in an open square near 
Baltic avenue between New York and Tennessi e 

The first log hut that was occupied by Jere- 
miah Leeds when he first came to this island, in 
ifo.v to live permanently, stood near the corner 
of Arctic and Arkansas avenues in what was after- 
wards known as the old Leeds Field. In this rude 
cabin the children by his first wife were born. 

Till the narrow gauge railroad was built, in 

1S77, a cedar tree marked the site of the fireplace 

of this first log house, which was torn down when 

Jeremiah built a better one nearer the Inlet. That 

Cedar tree is still preserved a-- a post and is the 

property of .Mrs. Abbic Leeds, of this city. 

In addition to these seven houses, which stood within the present city limits, 

there were two 01- three houses ai or near South Atlantic City, where different 

families have alwavs lived. 




OLD RYAN ADAMS HOUSE. 



A 



-tftf* 




HOUSE OF JAMES LEEDS. 



,171 




JAVES M. AIKMAIM. 



Gbe first X)\e\t atrt first Grain. 

^; HE first visil of the new railroad directors to the site of the proposed 

If<5) bathing village was made in June [852. After a tedious drive by car- 

jp riage across the country they reached Absecon, and thence proceeded by 

boat to the forbidding sand hills which little suggested the site of a city. 

But the discouraging aspect of the island was made an argument in favor 
of buying up the land at a nominal figure, which the railroad when operated 
would vastly enhance in value. 

The part) consisting of Samuel Richards, W. Dwight Bell and Richard B. 
Osborne, Dr. Jonathan Pitney and Gen. Enoch Doughty, landed at the Inlet and 
spent a lew hours inspecting the plantation or estate of the Leeds family. They 
came unannounced, received no welcome, and were unable even to get dinner 
before they left for the mainland. Some of them questioned if the soft meadows 
would bear up a railroad train or an engine, hut were assured l>\ the engineer, 
Richard I'.. < Isborne, that their fears were groudless. The extension of the road 
from W'nislow to the ocean all depended upon reaching the beach and successfully 
establishing a "bathing village" thereon. 

At the meeting of the directors August -'5. 1X5-'. the location of the road to 
Winslow was settled ami John ( '. DaCosta succeeded Thomas II. Richards as 
director and was elected President of the small hoard. 

September 28, 1X5-'. Samuel Richards was chosen Secretary, pro tern., and 
the action of a special committee was confirmed to buj one thousand tons ,,t iron 
at fifty-five dollars pe'r ton. 

December to, 1852, Andrew EC. Hay was elected President to succeed John 
( '. I )a< osta. who resigned. 

January 7. [853, DaCosta and Richards were given full power to close- the 
contract for ferry-boats and property at the Vine street wharf. 

January 31, [853, committee reported they had purchased [68 acres of Mark 
Reed al ten dollars per acre on \hsecoii Beach. 

March 10. [853, sale of land to Win. Neligh, at one hundred dollars per acre. 
confirmed, provided he give security that one wing of the United States Hotel 
on the propert) he completed 1>\ Ink i-t. following. 

Ma) 30, 1853. Executive Committee authorized to negotiate live hundred 
thousand dollars of the company's bonds. 

January 2, 1 S54. Train time adopted to and from Atlantic. Richards and 
others to arrange for the opening of the road. si\ hundred tickets to he issued. 

September 2, [852, the construction work was sublet to I'. < I'Reilly, and he 
two days later received bids from sub-contractors for sections oi one mile each. 

The crossing of the Camden and Amboy railroads at Tenth street in Camden 
was effected one night in July, [853. 

(1781 




?> r- ;.•-;■ i - 



I II I I I KS I VISIT \\ l i FIRST rRAIN 175 

On [vine 20U1 ol thai yeat the whole arrangement ol tlie contract for the 
construction was given ovei b) I' < »'Reill\ to John II. 1 Isborne, civil engineer, 
who completed the remaining portion, which was about three-fourths of the 
whole contract, Rails were laid at \bseo in, and also from Camden to Haddon 
field in August, 1853. 

Passenger trains commenced running from < amden to Haddonfield the 
same month, and to Winslow, 27 miles, regularh in fanuary, 1S31 

The winter had been mild and open and favorable to work on the railroad, 
but in February .1 storm tide made a clean sweep of the roadbed which had been 
graded on the meadows, and again the following \pril a terrible northeast storm 
prevailed for a week, flooding the meadows, sweeping awaj miles of the graded 
roadbed which was read) for the track and scattering the ties and wheelbarrows 
for miles along the coast. This was the storm which wrecked the emigrant 
steamer Powhattan on Long Beach, \|>ril 16, 1854, when 31 1 lives were lost and 
some eight) bodies were picked up and buried in this country, Hie track was 
then laid on the original soil where il n mained secureh foi twent) five years. 

Damages were repaired and the whole work completed in time to celebrate 
the opening of the entire line with a special excursion on Jul) 1. 1854. [Tie 
pioneer excursion train of nine cars, attached to the new engine " ^tsion," steamed 
out of tin- Camden station at 9.30 o'clock that morning. There were six hundred 
invited guests aboard, stockholders, merchants and newspaper men from Phila- 
delphia, Camden and New York, Several stops were made al Haddonfield, 
Waterford, Winslow and ^.bsecon, where salutes with guns and floral welcomes 
were given in honor of the event, h was the consummation of twent) two 
months of hard work, which involved the expenditure ol $1,274,030, with only 
$240,100 paid in foi capital -lock. The train arrived at the United States Hotel, 
which then faced on Atlantic avenue, at 1 2 VI., making the run of 58 6 10 miles in 

hours, \ banquet was spread in the big saloon of the new hjote] Judge 
Grier presided and spirited addresses were made b\ Henr) C Carey, Abraham 
Browning, J. C. TenEyck, Gen, Wyncoop, John C. DaCosta, Thomas H Dudley, 
ami others. That event was celebrated b) the survivors twent) five years later, 
after a beautiful cit) had keen built and when the wisdom and enterprise oi the 
pioneers and promoters could be appreciated and their fondesl anticipations be 
so fully realized. 

Even train tliat ha-, crossed the meadows since has added more or less to 
the business, wealth and population of the island. 

The train and its guests made the return trip in equall) good tune, leaving 
the hotel at five or six o'clock. Three days later the road was , .pencil to travel 
and trains inn regularly. The earnings of the road, the first full year, ending 
with June. 1 S 5 5 . was $122,415, which was more than Mr. Richards' first and onl) 
estimate, and the expenses were $71,751 Roberi Frazer was the faithful and 
trusted Secretar) and Treasurer of tin Compan) from November, [852, till 
November, 1863, 11 years, and was then chosen Presidenl of the Hoard, serving 
till 1873. He was both a lawyer and a civil engineer and filled these important 
positions with great satisfaction. 




."--\--^E> A 5AA->E ESO 



TLbc jftrst IRaflroab. 



THE FOUNDING OF ATLANTIC CITY. 

O the charm and fascination of the ocean chief!) musl be attributed the 
remarkable growth and pr<>spent\ of Atlantic City. In [850, when a 
railroad in this direction first began in be talked about, Atlantic Count) 
had a population of 8,961. The sea captains ami vessel owners, oyster- 
men and fishermen along the baj shore, and the wood choppers, charcoal burners, 
and shipbuilders, and glassblowers, alum; the rivers, were not clamoring foi 
railroad facilities, Indeed the) gave the enterprise very little encouragement. 
The) were bus) and prosperous, with their ships, and their industries, carrying 

glass, iron, w I. charcoal, <>\ si its and clams to New York, and getting supplies 

in return. The associations and habits of main of them were more of the sea 
than of the land, especiall) in matters affecting their livelihood I. united lines 
of travel were over sand) roads. There were bul a few miles of railroad in the 
State. 

["o the sagacit) and enterprise chiefly of Philadelphia merchants and maim 
Facturers who owned vast tracts of land with glass and iron works, particularly 
m Camden County, is due the credit under such circumstances oi sending the 
first iron horse to this seashore resort, opening up a favored and important sec 
tion, establishing on this island a seashore city, and fine farming towns alone 
the line, bringing thousands of immigrants and vastl) increasing the wealth and 
popnlatii hi 1 if the territi u \ 

Of the live and enterprising merchants who fostered and promoted the 
building of the first railn >acl, the Richards famil) figured conspicuously. William 
Richards, the first of that name to settle in South Jersey, was a grandson of 
Owen Richards, who came to this countr) from North Wale-, before 1718. 
William Richards was a man of great physical strength and untiring energy. 
Me acquired a vast estate at Batsto, at the headwaters of the Mullica river, and 
prospered as a manufacturer of glass and iron, lie stood six feel four inches in 
height, and is said to have been as great in mind and integrit) as he was physi 
cally. Me was the lather of nineteen children, fourteen sons and five daughters, 
by his two wives Me died at Alt. Holl) m [823, aged 85 years. < >ne ol his 
many sons was Thomas Richards, the lather of Samuel, the principal promotor 
of Atlantic City. Thomas became a glass manufacturer on a portion of his 
father's estate, at Jacks, in, a small village in Camden County, near what is now 
\lco. and his son Samuel became a partner with him previous I" [850. 
12 (177: 




ID B. OSBORNE. C.E. 



Ill E II RST R \! LR( IAD 



Mam' teams were required to do the heavj hauling of the raw material for 
glass and the manufactured products, between Jackson and Philadelphia, and to 
ivrlnci' this heavj expense a railroad from Camden towards the seashore began 
to be talked about before [850. 

foseph Porter, ai this time, had glass works at Waterford, and was the 
owner of six thousand acres of land. Andrew K. Hay and William Coffin were 
making glassware at Winsli iw and 1 iwned land there. William \\ . Fleming 1 >\\ ned 
thirty thousand acres and was 
engaged in the same business 
at Atsion, a few miles above, 
and 1 me I lammonti m Coffin 
had owned land and operated 
a similar plant at the foot of the 
lake at what is is iw km iwn as 
"< Mil 1 lainim >nt< in." [esse 

Richards, a bn ither 1 if Thi >mas, 
succeeded his father at I latStO, 
ami was activel) operating an 
estate of fifty thousand acre-,. 
including an iron furnace and 
-lass works. Stephen 1 lolwell 
and \\ . I Iwight Bell operated 
a similar estate at \\ e\ mi itith. 
ten miles smith from Bat to, 
covering one hundred thous- 
and acres, belonging to the 
estate of their father-in-law, 
Samuel Richards, another si m 
of William. 

1 en Em ich I )< >ughty, at 
\li-i'i un, owned an estate of twenty-five thousand acres, and was supplying ship 
timber, gathering tar. and selling w I and charcoal. 

Dr. fonathan Pitney had been practicing medicine in Absecon and surround- 
ing territory fur thirty years when the railroad question began to he agitated, in 
1850. Since he nule into Absecon on horseback, with his saddlebags, from VL nd 
ham, Morris County, X. J., one May morning in 1820, and announced that he 
had cume to stay, I'r. I'itnex had become 'ai' of the best known and mosl 
highly esteemed citizens of Atlantic County. He had taken an active part in 
the creation of Atlantic County from a pari ol old Gloucester, in [837, and 
had always been as he continued I" he nil his death, a eli.se personal friend of 
Gen. Enoch 1 1< night) . who was I [igh Sheriff of old < lloucester 1 ounty before the 
division. In 1844 Dr. Pitney represented Atlantic County in the State Constitu- 
tional Convention. In [848 he was a candidate for Congress. Before [840 he had 
agitated and advocated the building of a lighthouse for the protection ol 




FIRST RAILROAD STATION, LOOKING SOUTH. 




JACOB H. LEEDOM. 



THE FIRST RAILROAD 181 

along this dangerous coast. When the railroad question came up, in 1850, no 
man was more prominent or influential than he, or helped more to shape matters 
to speedy conclusions. He seems to have been the first physician to appreciate 
the beneficial effects of ocean air upon invalids and the manifold advantages of 
a "bathing village"' upon Absecon beach. 

Dr. Pitnej ami den. Doughty on their frequent trips to Philadelphia, met 
and discussed the railroad project with Andrew EC. Hay. Gen, Joseph Porter, 
Thomas and Samuel Richards and others, some of whom questioned the advisa- 
bility of extending the railroad farther than the -las-works at Winslow or the 
iron works at Weymouth. It was undoubtedly due largely to the work and in- 
fluence of Dr. Pitney that the railroad was continued to the beach, as he seems 

to have underst 1 the value and importance of the coast region better than hi- 

contemporaries. 

It was in the little old store of John Doughty on the hill at Absecon that 
Dr. Pitney and Gen. Enoch Doughty dictated the first draft of the charter for 
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad. As they dictated. John Doughty, the -on. 
wrote it out. That was in the winter of 1851. Whether this first draft was later 
revised and amplified by Abraham Browning, counsel for the incorporators, can 
only be conjectured. But it was largely due to the personal efforts of Dr. Pitney, 
as well as to the unflagging and persistent support of Samuel Richards, who 
followed the bill through the Legislature, and to the resolute advocacy of Assem- 
blyman John A. Boyle, of Atlantic County, that the charter became a law. March 
mi. [852. The Camden ami Ambo} politicians waived their objections at last, on 
the -rounds that this "air line" to the coast was an impossible scheme that could 
never be consummated. Xo railroad without a town at the terminus could ever 
amount to any tiling. 

The incorporators mentioned in the charter were John W. Mickle, Abraham 
Browning, Samuel Richards. Joseph Porter, Andrew EC. Hay, John 11. I offin 
John Stranger. Jesse Richards. Thomas H. Richards. Edmund Taylor. Joseph 
Thompson, Robert B. Risley. Enoch Doughty and Jonathan Pitney. 

Samuel Richards had been from the first one of the most active of these 
men. lie was thirty years of age, of pleasing manners, tireless energy, perse- 
verance and great ingenuity, being the patentee of several useful inventions, lie 
accomplished what others regarded impossible, and entered heart and soul into 
this enterprise of railroad building. It was he who, on Ma\ 22, [852, wrote the 
hist letter to engineer Richard B. Osborne, instructing him to make the pre- 
liminary survey as ordered by the incorporators. .Mr. Osborne completed his 
work on the 18th of June following, after which the company was organized and 
the location of the road ordered to be made by the directors. Samuel Richards 
made the first estimate of the probable business of the proposed road, and used 
it as an argument in favor of the enterprise. 

Some of the objects of the line which he had in view were: 

First, to secure better transportation for the L;'lass works at Jackson, Wat r 
ford. Winslow, Batsto and Wevmouth. 




W. BLAIR STEWART. M.D. 



TI11C FIRST RAILROAD. 183 

Second, to convert large tracts of waste lands, owned by his relatives and 
associates into fruit and truck farms. 

Third, to open up South Jersey by establishing an attractive- bathing resort 
at the nearest possible point from Philadelphia. 

At a meeting of the directors held in Philadelphia, June 1 1, 1852, Jesse Rich- 
ards, Esq., was chosen President, and Andrew K. Hay. Secretary. The following 
resolution was adopted: 

Resolved, That John \V. Mickle, Samuel Richards, Joseph Porter. Andrew 
K. Hay, Enoch Doughty, Jonathan Pitney, Jesse Richards, and Abraham Brown- 
ing, be severally authorized to procure subscriptions to the capital stock of the 
Camden and Atlantic Railroad, and report at the next meeting of the company. 

In the diary of the late W. Dwight Bell, occurs this memorandum: "June 
22, 1852. Meeting at the house of Samuel Richards, Fifth Street. Philadelphia, 
of people interested in construction of Camden and Atlantic Railroad. Present, 
Samuel Richards, W. Dwight Bell, Enoch Doughty, Jonathan Pitney, Joseph 
Porter, Stephen Colwell, Thomas Richards and Jesse Richards." 

Samuel Richards continued in the Board of Directors twenty-four years, and 
was an active officer as Director or Assistant President. The following letter 
indicates as much. 

Richard B. Osborn, Esq. 

Dear Sir: — A resolution was passed at the last meeting of the Board, re- 
questing you to prepare for filing in the office of the Secretary of State that por- 
tion of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad commencing where it crosses the 
White Horse Road, and ending at Longacoming. 

Yours respectfully. 

SAMUEL RICHARDS, 
Philadelphia, ( Ictober 21, 1 S 5 _■ . Sec'y, pro tern. 

At another meeting of the Board that same year he offered a resolution 
which was adopted, deciding on the name of "Atlantic City," a city on the Atlantic 
for this resort, as Mr. ( )sborne had suggested on the map which he had prepared 
He thought there was as much in a name here as in Philadelphia, and by his 
wise suggestion and prompt action the names of the streets and avenues were 
named for the several States of this land of liberty, ami the great oceans of the 
world. 

The old minute book of the Company gives a report of the subscriptions to 
stock, fifty dollars a share, at the meeting held June 24, 1852, in the Arch Street 
House, Philadelphia. 

shares. shares. 

Colwell & Bell 400 John Lucas 50 

Thomas Richards 200 John H. Doughty 1 

Joseph Porter 200 Daniel Doughty 1 

A. K. Hay 200 Robert B. Leeds 5 




ALFRED ADAMS. JR. 



I ii i- FIRST RAILRi IAD 185 

-ii \i;ks. mi \RES. 

Enoch Doughtj 100 Richard Hackett 5 

\\ . \\. Fleming 100 Chalklej S. Leeds 5 

William Coffin ioo John Leeds 5 

Jonathan Pitney 20 Janus Leeds 5 

Jesse Richards 20 John C. DaCosta 4" 

Mi' imas 1 1 . Richards 20 

At thi> meeting the following directors were elected: Andrew l\. I lay. 
Chairman, and Samuel Richards, Secretary. William Coffin, Joseph Porter, 
Thomas II. Richards. Enoch Doughty, Jonathan Pitney, Stephen Colwell, and 
W. W. Fleming. 

Tin' following is an official lisl of all the Presidents of the Camden and 
Atlantic Railroad: 

August 25, [852,'John C. DaCosta, elected President. 

December to, 1852, Vndrew K. Hay, elected President. 

\pril 1. [853, John C. DaCosta, elected President. 

September 1, 1X54. Samuel Richards, elected President, pro tern. 

\]nil 6, [855, George W. Richards, elected President. 

July [3, [857, John Brodhead, elected President. 

October ->->, [863, Joseph W. Cooper, elected President. 

December [8, [863, Roberl Frazer, elected President. 

October 23, [873, Andrew K . Hay, elected I 'resident. 

November [8, 1875, William Massey, elected President, pro tern. 

November [8, 1875, Samuel Richards, elected Assistant President 

March 16, [876, John I. mas. elected President. 

October 25, [877, Charles D. Freeman, elected President. 

February jj, [883, William L. Elkins, elected President. 

Dr. Pitney and Gen. Enoch Doughtj were instrumental in securing sub 
scriptions to shares of stock throughout the County. From original papers thi 
following names and amounts are copied. 

-II VRES. sll \KI-.S. 

Peter Boice, Absecon 5 John Walker. Mays Landing 1 

Joshua Gorton, Mays Landing 2 Ebenezer Applegate, Absecon ... 1 

John Horner, Absecon 5 helix Leeds, I ,eeds Point 2 

John Albertson, Blue Anchor 20 Augustus Turner, Leeds Point.... 2 

John C. Shreve, Blue Anchor 10 Charles C. Murphy, Absecon 3 

Charles Collins, Blue Anchor 4 Hezediah Sampson, Absecon 1 

Daniel Baker 5 Jonas I [igbee 1 

John Doughty, Leedsville 1 Daniel Bowen, Mount Pleasant.... 1 

David Doughty, Leed'sville : 1 Frederick Chamberlain, Vbsecon. . .■( 

Joseph Merritt 1 Edward Wilson 1 

James English, Smiths Landing... 1 Enoch Cordery 2 




^E\\ 5 R M>AM5 



» 



Gbc ILano Company ano Surf lbotcl association. 

\ connection with the railroad companj it was largely, if nol chiefly due t<> 
'Y' Samuel Richards that the Camden and Atlantic Land Company was formed, 
also tin- Surf House Association the first to share some of the advantages 
in tlic advancing values of real estate, and the latter to provide a fine hotel 
to attract visiting thousands so thai the railroad would have more business, and 
real estate values would inure rapidl) advance. Both of these proved wise, saga 
cious and successful enterprises. 

The Acl to incorporate the latter companj was approved March to, 1853. 
lis incorporators and firsl directors wen- William Coffin, John C DaCosta, 
Samuel Richards, William W. Fleming, Daniel Deal. W. Dwight Bell, Joseph 
Porter, Jonathan Pitney and Andrew K. Hay. 

The following portion of an address issued to the stockholders, and no doubt 
written by Mr. Richards, in [853, full) and accuratel) describes the geograph) 
and conditions of iliis island at that time. 

"The principal portion of the lands now in possession and contracted for by 
the company, lie in intermediate sections upon the beach, and comprise about one 
thousand acres, at an average cost oi ten dollars per acre. 

"To give an idea of the greatly enhanced value of these lands since projec 
tii <ii of the railroad, bona fide sales have been made of the land adjoining those 
of the company (and not more advantageously located) at one hundred to three 
hundred dollars per acre, and we consider these prices now no approximation to 
the value of a portion of the land purchased 1>\ the company. 

"( ttir lands are situated upon an island at the eastern terminus of the < 'amden 
and Atlantic Railroad, in the Count) of Atlantic, about fifty-seven miles smith 
of east from this city, and about four miles from the main land, directly upon the 
ocean. This island is aboul ten miles in length, and the northern portion, for 
about two miles, is half a mile in width -the southern portion being much nar- 
rower. 

"It is separated from the land b) the Bay of Absecon, a vast expanse ol 
meadows, and an inland channel extending along the coast for a distance of eighty 
miles, commencing at Cape May, and running north. The railroad, when com- 
pleted, will form an easy communication with this city for an extensive district of 
country, well cultivated, improved, and thickly settled, the principal means of 
■communication with which is now- by coasting \cssels to New York; the great 
distance to this city by had mads rendering it almost inaccessible. 

"Across the meadows and this stream, by an embankment and swivel bridge, 
the railroad reaches the island at a point about two miles smith of the Inlet, upon 

(187) 




EDWARD S. REED. 



THE LAND COMPANY WD SURF HOTEL ASSOCIATION. 189 

which it has its terminus on twenty-five feel of water, after running through the 
center of the islam! in a parallel line with the ocean 

"This portion of the island is covered with a beautiful growth of timber, 
which is now being trimmed — the undergrowth removed the lands graded and 
drained — laid out in streets and walks, which, when completed, will render it very 
attractive. 

"These groves are dense and extensive, and will form a beautiful retreat 
from the scorching sun and sands, from which nature rarely provides a shelter 
upon tlu' seaside. 

"Adjoining one "i these fine groves, and near the beach, a hotel is now 
being erected, which, when completed, will equal in beauty, convenience, rum 
fort and situation those to be found upon an) other place on our coast. One 
iving of this hotel (of which there arc to be two, with an extensive front), will be 
ii-aih fur visitors before tlu- end of summer. 




THE OLD SURF HOUSE. 



"Tin' arrangement is such, that the railroad i- located in fronl of this anil 
Other hotels, that will be creeled, and the visitors will be landed l>\ car- directl) 
to their point of destination. This will save much trouble and confusion, ami add 
much to the comfort of the throngs which will seek this island during the heat 
of summer. 

"The Inlet (upon which the railroad terminates) connecting the Bay of Abse 
con with the ocean, is about three-fourths of a mile in width, with a straight chan- 
nel and outlines distinctly marked, forming an eas) and safe entrance to the 

spacious bay, with g 1 anchorages, and affording a safe harbor, shelter from all 

winds, for large fleets of coasting vessel-. 




CLARENCE PETTIT, ESQ. 



THE LAND COMPANY AND SURF HOTEL ASSOCIATION. 1»1 

"A bar at the mouth of this inlet, which is covered from ten to twelve feet 
at low water, precludes the entrance of vessels of largest draft of water; this harbor 
is never ice-bound during the severest winters, and by the way of railroad will 
be within one and a half hours of Philadelphia. We have good assurance that 
when the road is completed an appropriation for a lighthouse, and for improve- 
ments of harbors, making it practicable for the larger size of vessels, can be 
obtained from Congress, and it will thus lie made a complete winter harbor for 
the city of Philadelphia and greatly tend to promote our shipping trade. 

"We need only ask the question, whether a location like this will not grow 
into importance? It will 1 e a direct, cheap, and quick route to the eastern ports, 
and will he always accessible when our river may be entirely obstructed with ice. 
a- it is too frequently the case during winter. The bay abounds with shell and 
other fish of many varieties, which are caught in large quantities; and to those 
fond (if angling and sailing, who may seek pleasure here, it will contribute its full 
share of enjoyments. The meadows are the resort of all the different species oi 
game usually found upon the seacoast. and form ver\ i b nsive gunning ground-. 
The scenery from the beach is diversified and quite interesting. 

"The ocean rolling in upon the front, and breaking upon the beach for a 
distance of ten miles, in an almost straight line — the Inlet, with its entrance 
marked by the spray, dashing and leaping upon the bar far out in the ocean— 
the bay and meadows forming an immense expanse of green and blue — the un- 
dulating outline in the distance, dotted with farms and improvements, combine 
to render the location one of the most pleasant to be found upon the seacoast. 

"The surface and beach are certainly unsurpassed, if at all equalled, upon our 
coast. The breakers are similar to those at Cape May; but extend along the 
entire beach for a distance of many miles; the strand is entirely level and smooth, 
at low water forms a drive of two hundred feet in width (so gentle is the slope) 
for a distance of ten miles. 

"The country through which the road passes is proverbial for its pure air — 
its fine water — and extreme healthfulness. The land in many places along the 
road is highly susceptible of improvement, and can be purchased at moderate 
prices. Situated upon this great thoroughfare, it must be largely enhanced in 
value at an early period. The land company, with their capital of $100,000, will 
be enabled to secure a large amount of these lands (a course which they intend 
pursuing) upon which, in a short time, they will lie enabled to realize a hand- 
some advance. 

"These lands, sold to actual settlers, cultivated and improved, will tend to 
swell the revenue of the road." 

The "Surf House Association of Atlantic City" was incorporated by Act 
of the Legislature. .March 4. 1857. Its incorporators were George W. Richards, 
John C. DaCosta, William A. Rhodes, E. E. Bondissot, William C. Milligan, 
Daniel Deal, Isaac Lloyd, Andrew l\ . Hay, John L. Newbold, Samuel Richards. 
P. Maison, William H. Miller, George T. DaCosta. J. Freas, Thomas Allibone, 
J. J. Slocum, Charles Wurts, Simon Cameron and William II. Yeaton. 



192 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

The Surf House, which was built by this association, was a large, fine two- 
story building, occupying a full square of ground bounded by Atlantic. Pacific, 
Kentucky and Illinois avenues. It was built in 1854. and conducted with great 
advantage to the city, if not to it> owner for many years, till 1880. when the 
property was sold to Messrs. Morris and Archer for $30,000. They sold and 
scattered the buildings to a dozen widely different sections of the city, where they 
are still used as stores, hotels or tenements, and divided the land into building lots. 
Opening Mt. \ ernon avenue, where the main entrance and principal section of the 
large hotel stood. 

I'he Camden and Atlantic Land Company, whose policy of encouraging early 
settlers by selling lots on easy terms promoted improvement, and whose historj 
is so intimately associated with this city, still continues its work of development 
and has erected a hotel and cottages, graded and graveled streets at Ventnor, the 
southern suburb of Atlantic City. The Presidents of this^ company have been: 
April 22, 185;. William Coffin; June 22, 1854. William C. Milligan; March 20. 
1808. William A. Rhodes: March 20. 1873. Andrew K. Hay; Januan 9, 1874. 
Samuel Richards, until his death. February 21. 1805. when John R. Hay was 
elected his successor. 









;• . 






3Butlotng of the " IRarrow (Bauge " 

fj> \.RLY in [876, owing to dissensions and differences among some of the 
directors of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company, Samuel Rich- 
ards, William Massey, < harles R. Colwell and \\ . Dwight Bell withdrew 
from the Board of Directors. Mr. Masse) had been elected President of the 
Board of Directors and he had appointed Mr. Richards \-sistant President of 
die road, when differences with other directors caused these four to resign. After 
his twent) years of experience Mr. Richards saw a better opening in the opera- 
tion of a second line than he did the first. The) associated with themselves a-- 
directors of the new narrow gauge line James M. Hall, J. Lapsle\ Wilson, John 
I".. Shaw. John J. Sickler, Levi ( '. Albertson, Thos. C. Garrett, John J. Gardner, 
Melvin R. Morse and Jacob ( '•. Campbell. 

Samuel Richards was President; 11. B. Linderman, Secretar) and Treasurer; 
Samuel II. Grey, Solicitor; Colin I- Sickler, Chief Engineer, and Theodore F. 
\\ nrts, Consulting Engineer. 

The new company was organized under the general railroad law thai was 
enacted in [873, providing "that the actual amount of money borroNved by any 
railroad organized under this act shall not exceed the actual amount paid in cash 
by the subscribers to the capital stock." 

The company was organized for the purpose of building and operating a 
narrow-gauge railroad from Camden to Atlantic City, fifty-four miles, connecting 
with Philadelphia by steamboat. The original intention was For a three-foot 
gauge, but this was finally changed to three and one-half feet with Bessemer 
steel rails, fifty-four pounds to the lineal yard, instead of the standard broad gauge 
of four feet eight and one half inches. 

A few capitalists who had thoroughly investigated the cost and prospects 
of the new tine at once subscribed to a sufficient amount of stock to secure its 
completion. The original estimate of the cost of building and equipment was 
about $700,000. and all the contracts at the finish amounted to less than that sum. 

The Camden and Atlantic road had cost up to that time S-\4-'5.47<S or S40. 
000 per mile. The capital stock was $[.248,150. and debt $1,163,658. The esti- 
mated cost of the Narrow Gauge was less than $13,000 per mile, with $150,000 
fi ir n illing sti ick. 

The population of Atlantic City in twenty-three years, since the first road 
was built, had increased from half a do/en families to 3,000 people. The gross 
receipts of the old road had increased from Si 1 7.00c in [856, to $564,000, in 1876, 
and the steady growth of traffic with towns along the line as well as at the ter- 
minus was ver) encouraging. In the building of the new road as for years he 
had been in the management of the old, Mr. Richards was the active spirit 
13 (if::) 




HARVEY J. SHUMWAY. 



m [LDING OF THE "NARROW GAUGE." 195 

About the first work done on the new line was in Atlantic City, where the 
late John L. Bryant built a wharf on the west side of the Thoroughfare for the 
landing of ties and timber sent from Philadelphia b) steamboat for use on the 
meadows. 

Ground was first broken in March, and on April i. 1X77, active operations 
began at both ends of the line. Day and night the contractors pushed forward the 
work under the vigorous personal supervision of Samuel Richards. Never 
before except in war or special emergency did railroad building proceed with 
such speed. 

In ninety days the road was lmilt. Over the meadows the cross ties were 
laid 0:1 timbers which made a solid foundation till -ravel could be tilled in. There 
were some annoying delays and obstructions, especially on the meadows, where 
E. A. Doughty, one of the directors of the old road, owned a strip of land. Quietly 
one night one hundred men proceeded and by laying a temporary track on the 
turnpike an engine was step by step pulled across by the men to the opposite side 
so that the work beyond could proceed till commissioners adjusted the damages 
for the disputed property. 

On Saturday. July 7. 1X77. the first trip of the officers and directors, with 
a few invited friends, was made from Camden over the new line. The train 
started at 1.43 P. M.. in charge of conductor Stewart Drake, formerly of the 
Lehigh Road. 

Owing to several stops and delay in laying the last rails and driving the 
last spike, the train did not reach Atlantic City till <) I'. M. A large number of 
people welcomed it in the depot with demonstrations of delight, believing it to 
be an important event in the history of the city, which it proved to be. 

The party was entertained at Congress Hall that night by the late Col. Ceo. 
W. 1 1 inkle, and made the return trip next day, leaving this city at 8.23 A. ML, and 
reaching Camden at [.25 I'. M. 

Considerable feeling was engendered among the people in this city and 
along the line by the building of the opposition road. Some bitterly opposed the 
new enterprise. The matter was discussed in public print and in public meet 
ings. Many naturally espoused and contended for the interests of the 
pioneer line. 

Editor A. L. English, of the Review, which till that lime had been the only 
newspaper in Atlantic City, espoused the cause of the "old reliable" with con 
siderable spirit, but most people kit that railroad rivalry would help the town 
and they were not mistaken. 

The location of the depot among the sand hills at Arkansas and Atlantic 
avenues was considered by some as too far down town. Excepting the Island 
House and the Seaview Excursion House, there were very few buildings in that 
part of the island at that time, but subsequent events proved the wisdom of that 
selection. 

The landing of thousands of passengers in the new station made better streets 
in the vicinity a necessity, increased business, made a market for real estate, started 




FRANKLIN P. COOK. 



BUILDING OF I' I IK "NARROW GAUGE." 197 

now lumber yards, encouraged improvements after the dull and disappointing 
season of [876 

The old Camden and Amboy statesmen who ruled New Terse) when that was 
tin- only railroad in the Stale permitted the Legislature to grant the charter for 
the Camden and Atlantic road on March 10. [852, because they laughed and 
scoffed at the idea of building a railroad that had "only one end to it." As there 
was no town or business at the ocean terminus the absurd charter became a law. 

When the Narrow Gauge mad was built as a separate and independent line, 
the idea was to construct a road especially adapted to the peculiar character of 
seashore travel and to the light and variable business of towns along the line. 

Lighter and much less expensive rolling stock would cost le>s and greatly 
reduce operating expenses. It was argued effectively that engines weighing ten 
to twenty tons instead of thirty to thirty-five, and freight cars weighing 6,000 lbs. 
instead of 18.000 lbs. would he much better adapted to the business of the country 
which this line was to serve and for the safe and speed} through traffic. 

The new line was built with as little delay and expense a.- possible, so that 
when completed it was able to do business on a greatly reduced schedule of prices. 

The reduction in fares and freight rates was quite decided, which encouraged 
travel, popularized the line and brought hundreds of new people to the seashore. 

Round trip tickets, which had been three dollars, single fare two dollars, 
were sold for one dollar and a quarter and one dollar. Summer excursion 
tickets sold for one dollar, and at times for fifty cents for the round trip. 
Yearly tickets sold for $20. instead of $40, and for a time passes were 
given to the proprietors of hotels and boarding houses with twenty or more 
sleeping rooms. Freight was carried at ten, twelve, fourteen and sixteen 
cents per one hundred pounds. Horses were brought down at two dollars per 
head, or one dollar and a quarter per head in carload lots. The result was that 
the rolling stock was barely sufficient for the demands upon it. and the crowds 
in the city were so large at times, especially over Sunday, as to nearly exhaust the 
supply of meat, milk, bread and provisions in stock. All previous records were 
exceeded, new capital and enterprise were invited and expansion became popular. 

The Narrow Cauge was formally opened for traffic Saturday, July 14, 1877. 
Two trains began running either way on that date: an excursion train leaving 
Camden at 6.30 a. m., arriving in Atlantic City at 9.20 a. m.. and a supply train 
leaving Camden at 3 p. m.. arriving in Atlantic City at 7.30 p. 111. 

Returning, these trains left Atlantic City, the supply train at 6.30 a. m., 
arriving in Camden at 11.30 a. m.; excursion at 6 p. m., arriving in Camden at 
8.55 p. m. 

Regular passenger trains began running Jul) 21. 1877. The opening of the 
road was celebrated with a special excursion to Atlantic City on July 25, when 
some eight hundred invited guests went to the sea. 

The company began business with eight first-class locomotives, forty pas- 
senger cars, two smoking cars, two baggage cars, twenty freight box cars and 
forty construction cars. 



198 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Pier S. at the foot of Walnut street, was secured for the Philadelphia terminus 
or landing of the steamers that run from the Bulson street wharf in Camden. 

An excursion house was built at the ocean end of Florida avenue in this city. 
on a half square of land extending" from Pacific avenue to the ocean. A storm 
tide undermined and wrecked the building before it was finished, and the lot 
which cost S;.cxx>. in 1877. was sold fifteen years later for $25,000. It has since 
been sold for $65,000, and is probably valued at twice that sum now. 

The company met with reverses and passed into the hands of Charles R. Col- 
well, as Receiver. July 12, 1878. One year later it went into the hands of "William 
H. Gatzmer and G. E. Linderman. trustees for the mortgage bondholders. 

In September. 1883. the road was sold in foreclosure proceedings to George 
R. Keareher for the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, which has 
since operated it. It was made a standard gauge, double-track line and given 
the finest roadbed and rolling stock. It has maintained its popularity and each 
year increased its business. 

While not the financial success at first that its projectors anticipated, the 
Xarrow Gauge enterprise popularized travel to the seashore and gave Atlantic 
City an impetus of prosperity that has continued ever since. 




Sbe Meet 3crscv» "Ratlroafc. 

OR twenty-three years, 1854 to 1877, Atlantic City had hut one single track 
railroad connecting with the outside world. That railroad had cost nearly 
donhle the estimated amount and had ruined, financially, all of its original 
incorporators except Gen. Enoch Doughty, of Absecon, and he was a loser in 
the sum of fifty thousand dollars. Fortunately, the Camden and Atlantic Land 
Company pledged its valuable holdings to secure the notes and obligations of the 
railroad, so as to continue its operation and sustain the enterprise 

When the Narrow Gauge was built, in 1877, 
the permanent population of Atlantic City was 
about 3.000. The reduction of fifty per cent, in the 
tariff schedule, increased number of trains and 
quicker time, resulted in a general rush to the sea- 
shore. Hotels and hoarding houses were too few 
and too small for the demands upon them. Vis- 
itors, at times, walked the streets all night or slept 
in chairs on pi irehes ' ir in pavilii ins al< nig the beach, 
unable to secure lodgings. 

Business of all kinds became exceedingly ac- 
tive. Real estate advanced rapidly in value and 
building operations wen prosecuted with greal 
vigor. 

In four years from the opening of the Narrow 
Gauge the population of the city had doubled. This 
was the situation in 1880, when Gen. W. J. Sewell, 
the ablest and most active railroad man in the State, representing the Pennsylvania 
Railway interests, organized the West Jersey and Atlantic Railroad Company, to 
build a branch from the Gape Ma) line at Xewfield, 34.4 miles, through Mays 
Landing anil Pleasantville to Atlantic City. 

This third line to the sea was formally opened with an excursion on Wed- 
nesday, June id, 1880. Dinner was served in the new West lersev Excursion 
House at the ocean end of Georgia avenue. Addresses of welcome and praise- 
were made by George Wood, ex-Judge James Buchanan, Hon. Edward Mettle, 
Mayor Harry L. Slape, William Alassey of the Narrow Gauge, Edwin E. Reed of 
the C. & A., Hon. A. Louden Snowden, State Senator Gardner and others. 

The Directors of the new West Jersey line were George Wood, President: 
Israel S. Adams, George C. Potts, Samuel Lewis, Win. S. Scull, Mahlon Hutchin- 
son, Charles P. Stratton, Gen. Mott, Edward A. Warne and Benj. E. Lee. 

This third line soon made the name of Atlantic City familiar in every ticket 

(109) 




AN OCEAN PIER. 






\ i A HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



Pennsylvania system throughout the land and gave this city a 

ge it bad never had before. 

There were now three rival railroads connecting Atlantic City with Phila- 
delphia, the second largest city in the United States: The Camden and Atlantic. 
59 miles, opened in 1854: the Narrow Gauge, 55 miles, opened in 1877; and the 
West Jersey, o_; miles, opened in a x 

But the enterprising Directors of the West Jersey road were unable to 
secure the terminal facilities in this city which they needed and desired. The 
C. and A. had a valuable and exclusive franchise on Atlantic avenue. City Coun- 
cil had granted the Narrow Gauge the privilege of a double track on Baltic to 
Massachusetts avenues. This put the third and last road at a considerable dis- 
advantage. Representatives of this company offered to give the city S: 
for the same privileges on Atlantic avenue as the old road then had. 

The result was that when William L. FJkins was elected President of the 
Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company. February -'J. 18S3. the West Jersey 
people had secured a controlling interest in the line that owned Atlantic avenue. 
tiie Longport route and the valuable street car privilt g - 

Both roads since then have been under one management, with combined and 
improved terminal facilities. 

In [897 these and all other branches of the Pennsylvania system in South 
-. \ were reorganized as the West Jersey and Seashore. 




Xlhc Climate. 







F the climate of Atlantic City a volume could lie written, and then nut 
tell half of it> delightfulness and healthfulness. The beach with its 
many attractions, and the city with its beauty, could 1 1 < >t hold the man) 
invalids that visit this shore, did the\ not all realize that the climate 
was the one thing that they required. The air is dry, and the barometric anil 
thermometric readings are remarkably regular, there being very little variation 
in atmospheric pressure nr temperature. This is due to freedom from the influ- 
ence of large bodies of fresh water. No river i> here pouring its volumes i >1 ice 
cold water into the ocean, lowering the temperature; and no large fields of ice, 
broken or unbroken, over which the winds musl pass and become chilled, here 
abound. The prevailing winds during the summer are from the southwest; these 
are seahree/es. are delightfull) cool and refreshing, and do not permit the tem- 
perature to rise \er\ high. The north and northwesl winds are likewise dry, and 
not cold even in winter. They pass for miles over dr\ pine barrens, losing much 
of their moisture; true they are cooler than the winter ocean breezes, but they 
are far from being chilly. 

The atmosphere, as already stated, is dry. the rainfall being less than at 
either New York or (ape May, places representing the extreme points of the 
New Jersej coast, and both influenced by large rivers. Fogg) days are rare; 
fogs follow water lines as river or coast, and Atlantic City being out in the ocean 
beyond the general coast line of New Jersey escapes the fogs that are frequently 
seen elsewhere. 




(201 ) 



202 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF VTLANTIC COUNTY. 

There is a mildness and balminess in the air that cannot be expressed in 

words, it must be felt to be understood. So pronounced is this, that invalids 
coming here in the winter from snow-hound cities call Atlantic City the "Florida 
of the North;" they unbutton their heavy wraps, walk up and down the board- 
walk, or along the beach, and thoroughly enjoy the climate. 

The question is frequently asked, what are the causes that contribute to this 
delightful climate? In general they are three, two of which have been already 
mentioned. The topography of the place; there being no large body of fresh 
water near, chilling the air in winter, or saturating it with fresh vapor in summer. 
The air being dr\ it is ever ready to take up moisture, thus evaporation takes 
place readily from the human body, keeping it cool. The advantages of this 
freedom from fresh water cannot be too strongly expressed. The southern ex- 
posure that the city enjoys is another cause for the mildness of the climate. The 
ocean hreenes from the southeast, south and southwest blow directly from the 
gulf stream onto the beach, and the gulf stream is of itself one of the most potent 
factors in the climate. Its waters are a deep blue, contrasting strongly with the 
green of the ocean, and opposite Atlantic City this stream has a temperature 
all the year round of about 77 . and is nearly five hundred miles wide. Winds 
ssing it are tempered and possess that peculiar balminess so well known 

here. 

Another point that must not be overlooked in the freedom of Atlantic City 
from fresh water influence, is the absence of malaria. The mixture or alterna- 
tion of salt and fresh water is one of the most potent factors in the production 
of malarial poison. If a large tract of meadows is for one-half of the twenty- 
four h - ed with salt water and the other half of the day covered with 
..iter, malarial poison is sure to abound. This condition of things cannot 
obtain here. Besides this there is a preservative quality in salt water and salt air 
which prevents the growth of germs: hence contagious diseases do not get a 
foothold here. The prevention of decomposition is manifest in our stable yards 
where manure may lay for months without becoming rotten. Lots in the city 
which were below grade wer< .rs ago with sand to a depth of one to 
three feet: upon digging down now to the old ground the grass that covered 
these lots is found discolored but still tough and not rotten. 




HBON E: THE CLOUDS. 



Cbc flnvalifc. 

^g) VERY newcomer to Atlantic City, whether he be well or sick, is usually 
.f§f surprised by tw r o sensations, one is a feeling of sleepiness and the other 
is an increased appetite. Thousands of visitors for tin- first few days of 
their stay here seem to do nothing hut eat and sleep. They will be found in the 
hotels, in the sun-parlors, along the boardwalk or on the dry sandy beach, with 
neglected book or paper, either sound asleep or drowsily drinking in the beauty 
around them. This is not the listlessness of a warm, depressing, sultry, southern 
climate, but simply the result of perfect oxydation of I issue securing this very 
important factor in the recovery of the invalid. The increased appetite is due 
to the same cause, and with it comes the ability to digest more food, especially 
animal fats and oils; still the invalid needs to be cautioned against excessive 
eating, for with an increased appetite, and a tempting menu before him he may 
be led into sinning, and as a result sutler the pangs of acute indigestion. 

What class of invalids will be benefited by a visit to Atlantic Citj is a ques 
tion frequently asked, and one not very hard to answer, in a general way. Con- 
sumptives, as a class do well here. Not all cases of consumption should visit the 
seashore, but there are cases that are vastly benefited by 
the sea air. and if not radically cured the disease is ren- 
dered s, , latent, anil the system given such an impetus, 
that the tlisea.se will trouble the invalid no further, unless 
some special influence is exerted to reawaken it. In- 
cipient cases are those that receive the most radical and 
lasting good. A patient with a family history of con 
sumption may have an attack of pneumonia from which 
he does not convalesce nicely, there is but little cough. 
but he does not gain strength as he should, lie tires 
easily, has no energy, appetite is poor and his sleep is 

disturbed. ( >r without any previous sickness he complains of lassitude, decreased 
digestive powers, has some cough, a constant dail) elevation of temperature, and 
perhaps, beginning tuberculosis. To such a case a residence in Atlantic City, 
more or less prolonged, as the case may require, will prove very beneficial be- 
cause these cases demand an out-door life such as can be found here, tor hardly 
is there a day even during the winter, that the consumptive cannot spend at least 
a few hours in the open air without danger of taking cold. In cases further ad- 
vanced the outlook is, of course, not nearly so hopeful, but even these are bene 
fited. As a rule they suffer from hectic fever and profuse nighi sweats, both of 
which are much modified or entirely disappear after being here a few days. Appe- 
tite and digestion are always improved, and that brings increased strength. There 

(203) 





$C E N E $ - " - : 



AS \ HEALTH RES< >k I 203 

is -nil another condition in which the lungs become contracted and hardened, and 
the air cells become more or less obliterated. In such condition this climate is of 




RESIDENCE OF E J. PETROFF 



two Fold benefit, for the invalid will receive more oxygen each time he fills his 
lungs, and the salts in the air have a direcl effect upon the hardened tissues. 

The season of the year when consumptives should visit Atlantic i it) is 




SUMMER HOUSE OF MR. GEORGE ALLEN. 




ISAAC COLLINS. 



\S A II E \I.TII RESl IR I 207 

particularly from the middle of September to the middle of May, though some 
cases arc benefited at any season of the year. Cases that should not come to 
Atlantic City arc those that have had hemorrhage or that arc liable to have hemoi 
rhage, for this very serious condition will most likely he increased by a visit to the 
seashore. 

Invalids that suffer from chronic bronchial, posl nasal, or laryngeal catarrhs, 
with the attending annoying cough, which is aggravated ever) winter, do well 
here; in some cases the cough becomes entirely relieved. Asthmatics arc another 
class nf sufferers who bless the balmy breezes of Atlantic (it\. I he "hay-fever 




RESIDENCE OF BOLTON G PARSONS. 



victim here finds immunity from his tormentor, and if he comes early enough and 
stays lung enough, and repeats his visits for several years, the chances arc that he 
may be cured of his tn iuble. 

Another great class of invalids are those suffering from chronic malarial 
poisoning. These are abundantly helped here. As is well known this poison 
may lay dormant for a long while in the system, but even in this dormant state 
it has an influence, and the victim does not feci well. Such conditions mav be 




EN T . &DAMS 



\S \ HEALTH RESORT. 209 

radicallj changed, and after a residence for a few weeks here the verdict i 

(.■rally expressed thus, "I feel better than I have for a dozen or twenty years." 

The poor sufferer From rheumatism finds relief here, and he often finds 
more a positive cure. Mam of the permanent residents of Atlantic City arc 
old rheumatics thai are living here simply on account of their freedom from pain. 

Here, also, is the Mecca of the nervous invalid. He may be the man of 
business, who, for years has devoted all his energy to piling up a fortune, without 
taking any rest; he may be a student or professional man, working his brain 
eighteen hours out oi the twenty-four; or the woman oi society, living in a 
brilliant exciting whirl month after month; these and a thousand others come to 





i 




™. \ 








fit] /^HC 


I 


1' jR 


3iC 


k 






i 


11 









■^ -mW 








■ 


""■~2™ 



RESIDENCE OF JOHN W PARSONS. 



this ideal spot for rest and find it. Peaceful sleep, which ma\ have been for 
months unknown, takes the tired feeling from the brain, and awakens within the 
invalid a hope that he may recover, and he improves. He sits entranced by the 
hour watching the rolling deep in its grandeur, and as he inhales the stimulating 
air his mind is soothed, worry is removed, and he forgets that he is sick. 

Many other conditions could be mentioned, but the little invalid must not 
hi' Forgotten. During the heated term the beach is a -rami baby -how. Mere 
n 



AS \ HEALTH RES( )RT. 



is ilif healthy, happy bab) senl from the cit} to escape the heat and its attending 
dangers, and there is a poor little sufferer, far advanced in marasmus; and as a 
rule both are benefited. Between these two extremes are many children more or 
less delicate, with pal faces and thin bodies. The} have had all th< diseases that 




RESIDENCE OF DR. JAMES NORTH. 



childhood is supposed to be heir to; or have grown too rapidly at a fearful cost to 
their animal economy. A few weeks in Atlantic City will change all tlii^. ami 
tin- little invalid \\ ill bee ime a healthy, rosv-cheeked child. This i- not a miracle, 
it is simply a natural result. 




BACHARACH BUILDING. 




r- ANN AH SJ'.'i-r ?A\ - 



IxJ 



©ur City XHHatcr Supply. 

I'll all the advantages of living on an island out in the sea, it may well 
be supposed that there would be some disadvantages. The greatest 
of these as Atlantic (in increased its thousands of inhabitants was an 
insufficient suppl) of potable water. 

For man) years before the cit\ knew the luxurj and value of having two 
tii five million gallons of pure spring water pumped daily within its borders, the 
first inhabitants depended upon surface wells. The soil was not then impreg- 
nated with the deleterious waste of a dense population and good water was obtain- 
able along the ridge of wooded sandhills that formed the backbone or ridge of the 
island. In most places where wells were dug, salt or brackish water was found, 
which was worthless for domestic purposes. 

Chalkley, John, Steelman Leeds and others wen- favored in having wells 
near their homes that furnished excellent water. 

But as hotels and cottages were built, travel increased, and the demand for 
water grew, brick cisterns were built beneath ever) roof to catch and harvest the 
proceeds of every storm and shower. No well can furnish so pure, soft and 
wholesome water as a clean, well ventilated cistern yields beneath ocean skies. 
< >eeasionally it happened in times of drought that the railroad company was ap- 
pealed to and did bring large tanks of spring water from Absecon to be peddled 
about the city and sold to those whose cisterns were dry. So late as 1880, when 
there were 1,000 buildings and as many voters, and five times as many inhabi- 
tants, a water famine was tided over by the water peddler in this way. 

City Council had caused to be built a number of brick wells at accessible 
street corners about the city for recourse in case of tire, and pumping stations on 
the meadows at South Carolina and Massachusetts avenues provided sea water 
for sprinkling the streets for several years. 

So earl) as [856, Manassa McClees, owner and 
builder of Cottage Retreat, or the Metropolitan, at- 
tempted to solve the water problem by sinking the 
first artesian well. With a nine-inch pipe he went 
down ninety to one hundred feet, at a cost 1 if $1,0 h 1. 
and striking salt water at that depth, gave it up in 
disgust. Man}' of our large hotels now are sup- 
plied chiefly in this wax. finding a strata of pure and 
satisfactory water at a depth of eight hundred feet. 

John W. Moffly, Walter Wood and other capi- 
talists of Philadelphia took the first practical 
towards giving this wooden cit) proper fire protec- 
tion and water supply. 




- 1 I 




AUGUST STEPHANY. 



THE CITY WATER SUPPLY. 215 

On October 21, 1880, Council passed an ordinance giving them and their 
associates the right to lay pipes and supply water for all domestic and public uses. 

A supplemental ordinance was passed November 19, 1880, more particularly 
reciting the conditions of this contract and securing to the investors certain ad- 
vantages which created prejudice and caused controversy which lasted for years. 

The Momy-Wood Company prosecuted vigorously the building of their 
plant, erecting a steel standpipe in this city, connecting at first with a twelve- 
inch main across the meadows six miles to the brick station where powerful 
pumps forced the purest and sweetest water obtainable, to a people that needed 
it badly enough, but objected to the contract for its coming. 




THE UPHAM COTTAGE. 



The ordinance of the Mofrly-YYood Company was repealed by Council on 
May 24. 1882, after several hundred thousand dollars had been invested, but such 
action was ignored as illegal. It certainly was not effective. 

The streets had been thoroughly piped and one hundred and fifty fire-plugs 
had been located and put in service for the water which was first turned on June 
19, 1882. The excellence and abundance of the water proved a threat blessing to 
the town, restored confidence, promoted expansion, and greatly encouraged build- 
ing improvements. 




JOHN J. ROCHFORD. 



THE CITY \\ VIT.k SUPPLY. -1. 

But the tariff charged by the Wood Company was considered by some t" he 
extortionate and the feeling' against its promoters became intense. Council re- 
fused to pay and never did pay the stipulated $7,500 a year for the 150 fire-plugs 
and made special arrangements for sprinkling the streets, so that contractors for 
the work should buy of whom they pleased the water which they used. 

A special election was held in 1SN1, to vote on the question of the city build- 
ing and owning a water plant of its own. 1 Inly half the total vote was polled, 
■ >r about 000 hall' its east, lint the result was five to one in favi >r of the proposition. 




RESICENCE OF FRANCIS P. QUIGLEY. 



Council passed an ordinance March 5, 1888, giving the Consumers Water 
Companv, a local organization, the right to lay pipes and suppl) the city with 
water. The incorporators were Henry J. White. Fred Hemsley, Daniel Morris, 
George Allen, John 11. Champion. Dr. T. K. Reed, Mark Malatesta and Wm. C 
Bartlett. This company proposed to gel its supply from artesian wells, but as a 
precaution, secured an option on the pond at Port Republic. 

Seven wells in all were driven by the Consumers Company, two at Arctic 
and Michigan avenues, <m the Gas House property, which have since been dis- 
connected, and five at the pumping station. Kentucky and Mediterranean ave- 
nues. These wells were four, six and eight incites in diameter and at a depth of 
nearly eight hundred feet reach a water-heating strata that has yielded satisfactory 

result-. 




RESIDENCE OF C J ADAMS 




RESIDENCE OF MRS. JACOES. 



THE CITY WATER .SUPPLY. 219 

For several years the water controversy and costly litigation continued. The 
two rival companies fixed a low tariff schedule and furnished in abundance an 
excellent article, creating careless and extravagant habits in the use and waste 
of water which had to be checked years afterwards by a costly system of meters. 

But some of the stockholders were practical business men and noticed that 
as expenses increased dividends did not materialize. The demands of a growing 
city made further investment and improvements constantly necessary. The re- 
sult was that the two companies consolidated with a view of the city taking both 
plants, which was finally consummated on August i. 1895- 




THE OLD OCEAN HOUSE. 



A special commission, consisting of ex-Governor George C. Ludlow, Wash- 
ington G. Robeling and — 1 [arrison, with Robert I terschel, an expert engineer, 
went over the records and appraised the plants at $771,782. This large sum is 
supposed to cover every dollar of the original investment with interest to date, 
with all the unpaid water rent due the Wood Company. 

At the time of the purchase engineers estimated that the plant could be 
duplicated for a trilie more than half the amount for which city bonds were issued. 
Extensions and improvements since have increased the amount of water bonds 
issued to about $900,000. 

The property is more than self-sustaining on a low schedule of charges and 
is economically managed by a board of three commissioners, consisting at present 
of \Irs>rs. L. Kuehnle, Dr. E. A. Reillv, and Rufus Boove. 



V 




LOUIS KUEHNLE. SR. 



I HE CI1 i' \\ VI I U- SUPPLY. 



There are fifty-three miles of pipe in the city, four hundred and twenty-five 
fire-plugs, close to four thousand services in use and over three thousand meters. 

The full pumping capacity of the plant is over 
13,000,000 gallons daily. A 20-inch and a [2-inch 
force main bring over the meadows the spring water 
from the mainland in quantities ranging from 1.50:1. 
000 to 5.00 1,000 :;ailon,s ilaiK. Tin- ( onsumers sta- 
tion is also operated for those who prefer that water, 
which is pumped in quantities ranging from 250,0 10 
to 700. 000 gallons daily. 

The excellent quality of these waters is shown 
by the last report and analysis made by Prof. Wm. 
I' VTason, Professor of Chemistry at the Rensse- 
laer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, X. Y. : 

tst. Sample from 30-foot wells at the mainland 
pumping statii in in Absecon : 




FIRST CITY HALL. 



Analytical results in parts per million: 

Free Ammonia 

Albuminoid Ammonia 

Chlorine 

Nitrogen as Nitrites 

Nitrogen as X it rates 

Required Oxygen" 

1 1 ital Si 'lids 30 



1 '23 



The mineral solid.- of the above are composed as follows: 

Silica ( Si ( ) , 1 7.75 

< Ixides of Iron and Aluminum 1 he. O s +A1 2 O 1 0.51 

Sodium Chloride ( Xa. CI) 6.4 

Magnesium ( ihloridc (Mg (T ) 4.03 

• alcium Chloride (Ca CI.) 3.3 

Calcium Sulphate (Ca S < >,) 5.03 



"This is of excellent quality. You are fortunate in having so good a supply. 
The water is not of local origin, being quite distinct in character from those of 
your immediate neighborhood, and. although the wells supplying it are but thirty 
feet in depth, there are sundry reasons why it would be proper to classify it as a 
'deep-seated water.' " 

Second sample taken from the artesian wells at the Consumers Pumping Sta 




RESIDESCE CF JOSEPH S. CHAMPION. 




RESIDENCE OF CAPT. SAMUEL SOVERS. 



CHE CITY W \ I Kk SUPPLY 223 

don. As there is no question as to the purity and potability of this water coming 
up 800 feet from the surface of the earth, no sanitary analysis was made, but simply 
a determination of the minerals contained. 

Analytical results in parts per million: 

Silica (Si 2 ) 35-5 

Oxides of Iron and Aluminum (Fe 2 3 i \1„ (>..! 1.8 

Magnesium Sulphate (Mg S < >, 1 8.4 

( alcitim Phosphate (Ca 3 [P0 4 J 2 ) 2.0 

Calcium Carbonate (Ca C O3) 23.6 

Si "limn Sulphate ( \'a., S 4 J 39.7 

Si iilium Chloride (Na CI 1 10.7 

Sodium Bicarbonate (Na II C O s ) 23.1 

144.8 

"Regarding this water, fr the artesian wells, nothing need be said beyond 

the statement that its quality is good." 

The following is a statement of the expenditures and receipts tor year ending 
August 1. (897. Water Department of Atlantic City. 

Items. Expenditures. Receipts. 

Management and Repairs $14,680 52 

Pumping Expenses '5-39 2 55 

Interest 43.250 00 $539 66 

Construction, Meters, Etc 210 39 

Sinking Fund 22,580 00 

Water Rents received Aug. 1, [896, to Aug. 1, iX<)j. . . 6(1,499 J 4 

1 'enalties 160 02 

Bills of Series of Aug. 1. [896, and Feb. i. [897, unpaid 

Aug. 1 . 1897 645 51 

.Meter Mills due Ant;. I, [897, for water used in pre- 
vious six months 14,0^0 00 

Sundry Account 91 1 82 

Bills on Sundry Account unpaid Aug. 1, 1X1)7 64 01 

Rel iates 66 43 

Street Service Account 3,402 17 3.306 60 

Street Service Account, Material on Hand Aug. 1, 

!897 352 27 

Rent of Bargaintown Mill Property 150 00 

Amount received from Tax Duplicate as payment to 

Sinking Fund 12,100 00 

Expended on Permanent Improvements to Plant, 

charged to Management and Repairs 840 85 

Totals $99,371 67 $99,810 27 




iBravity? System of Sewerage. 

After more than a year of agitation and discussion, City < Council, on Decem- 
ber 12, [884, passed an ordinance granting the Improved Sewerage and Sewage 
Utilization ( :ompanj of New York the right to laj pipes in the streets and alleys 
of Atlantic City, to take away the waste water from 
hotels, cottages, bath houses, etc. 

The very great importance of a feature of this 
character ran onl) bi imagined by those who were 
personally familiar with the situation and conditions 
in this growing city at that time. The disposal of 
slops and waste water of all kinds was attended b) 
great inc< invenience. 

A supplemental ordinance was passed Decern 
ber 15. 1SS4, when the promoters of the "We 
patent" proceeded with the construction of the 
plant. 

\\ infield Sent! \\r-t was a civil engineer from 
Virginia, with headquarters in New York, and his pumping station. 

system consisted first of all of a pumping stati in 

with a receiving well sufficiently large and deep to bring the sewage 1>\ gravit) 
from all parts of the town through pipes laid in the streets, 'litis well was centrally 
located at Baltic and North Carolina avenues, and was excavated -'4 feet in 
diameter and ji i feet deep b) the use of sheet piling. This held the sides frofn 
caving in while powerful pumps removed the water till the timbers, brick and con- 
crete hi' the bottom and sides could he secured in position. 

The brick ami stone engine house and pumping station was built over the 
well as over a cellar and the work of pumping water out of this cellar has been 
prosecuted without intermission fur the pasl fifteen years. 

There is never any offensive odor in or about the well ,11- station. The sewage 
is all pumped far away before any decomposition can take place or am offensive 
gas l>e generated. 

'file s, wage niters the well 15 fret lielow tin- surface through a 20-inch iron 
pipe which extends across the city and to which lateral mains are connected lead- 
ing from either extremity of the town. 

These pipes arc all laid at a grade of -> , feet to the mile, which covers most 
of the city. 

Recent compressed air devices have keen attached to the pipes in Chelsea, I t< 
most distant point, so that the sewage then- is lifted into the pipe- from receiving 
wells automatically .and forced along the same as from nearer points. \ suitable 
iron screen at the month of the pipe in the well prevents rags and all solid m itter 
from going into the pumps and pipes beyond. 
1^ (225 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Two 100 horse power boilers and two centrifugal pumps with a daily capacity 

of 10 million gallons are at present ample for all requirements in keeping the well 
free. There is also a reserve rive million gallon Holly pump in the station. 

The daily pumpage varies from 2 million to o million gallons. 

A 16-inch iron pipe leads from this well and station two miles hack on the 
meadows to the northerly side of the city, where the sewage is disposed of in a 
manner so highly satisfactory as to meet the approval of the highest health au- 
thorities and the best sanitary engim 

There are now about forty miles oi sewer pipe laid in the streets of Atlantic 
Citv, and 4.475 properties connected therewith. While the city authorities under 
the present laws cannot compel people to connect with the pipes oi a private cor- 
s are so low and the service so efficient and satisfactory that 
more than two-thirds of all the buildings by actual count are connected with the 
service. 

The Atlantic City Sewerage Company, its name since the reorganization, in 
S85 .presents an investment of $400,000. It is paying interest on its bonds and 
dividends on its stock and is one of the most essential and important features of 
this resort. 




M -SCAT AMONG THE CLOUCS. 



©ur (Tottacje Ibonies. 



"J ■ COTTAGE by the sea has furnished a commanding theme for poets and 

t4 story tellers in the years agone, but we doubt if any song or story has 

J I ever been inspired by such delightful surroundings as make the beautiful 

cottages of Atlantic City the ideal homes by the shore. 

Of the six thousand and five hundred buildings on this island two-thirds of 

them are cottages and the illustrations on this and other pages give the stranger 

an adequate idea of this striking feature of the town. 




RESIDENCE OF SAMUEL H. KELLEY. 



These cottages that breathe forth in every delicate detail and elegant orna- 
mentation the artistic spirit of the owner, become every season the temporary 
homes of a multitude of summer sojourners, who. while they may have no voice 
nor vote in the local government of the city, consider this wave-kissed island 
their home. 

One may stroll for miles along the avenues and become bewildered by the 
many well kept lawns, the luxuriant shade trees, the inviting residences that 
harmonize delightfully with the tranquil feeling engendered by the dreamy 
cadence of the ocean swell that pulses soothingly through the bracing sea air. 

(227) 



•" "iir> in- Mi-Hiti. fin Trrnnn 



SET 




SOME COTTAGE HOMES. 



COTTAGE HOM1 S 



Men oi influence and position in the learned professions, in financ 
trade, escape the clattering noises of the great metropolis, omi heri . an 




RESIDENCE OF FRED HEMSLEY. 



our peaceful surroundings commune with nature and enjoy otium ('inn dignitate. 

Our well graded street-, fringed with handsome homes, make an indelible 

impression upon the mind. The infinite variety in the styles of architecture adds 




RESIDENCE OF GEORGE F. CURRIE. 




RESIDENCE OF HON. JOS. THOMPSON. 



A 





RESIDENCE OF L. A. DOWN. 




RESIDENCE OF JNO. L. YOUNG. 



RES DENCE OF JOHN B. CHAMPION. 




RESIDENCE OF THE FIRST MAYOR. 



to the general effect and relieves the drab uniform- 
ity that sometimes prevails. 

The material prosperity of Atlantic City ver\ 
largely depends upon the renting of cottages, as 
probably half of them in summer are not occupied 
by the owners. Some of them produce an income 
of $100 per month, or $500 to $1,500 or $ \ooo for 
a summer season. 

In Jul\ and August, when the sun-kissed 
waves invite a plunge in ( )ld Neptune's bosom, citj 
folk take possession of many of these cottages, and 

children in gay attire may lie seen disporting themselves at play on the green 
sward, afterward forming merry parties that wander to the neighboring beach, 
guarded by attentive maids, and happy-hearted parents glad to bring an added 
lustre to the eyes of childhood by the unrestricted privilege of digging in the clean 
white sand. 

Of late year- the fame of Atlantic City as a cottage home for fashionables 
has been growing, and there is hardly a family of any prominence residing within 
a thousand miles of this favored region that has not at one time 01- another occu- 
pied, as host or guest, one of the beautiful homes which form the crowning glory 
•of the town. 

Fair as she is. Atlantic City would lose the richest gems in her diadem were 
she divorced from the pretty little homes that make her the magnet for beauty- 
loving cottagers. 




RESIDENCE OF E. L. REED, IV. D. 



(231) 




RESIDENCE OF CHAS. EVANS 



RESIDENCE OF WM. F. WAHL. 





RESIDENCE OF G50. W. CROSBY, M.D. 



RESIDENCE OF B. C. GODFREY. 



Htlantic Cits Ibotels. 



^ 



"jp X the amount of capital invested the hotel interests of the United States rank 
'if' second onlj to those of the railroads, but in Atlantic City the combined 
y lintel interests arc 1>\ greal odds in the lead. Perhaps in no othei 

mi the Western Continent do the hotel interests so dominate as here. In 
the amount of money invested, the number of people employed and the volume 
of business transacted, this is preeminently a hotel town, with seldom, if ever, 
a failure. 

The business of entertaining strangers or "keeping boardi rs'' on this island 
dates from the time in [839, \nnt Millie" Leeds, the year after her 

patriarch husband died, enlarged her home, secured a license and for a dozen 
or fifteen years conducted the only tavern on the beach. In those days a few 
city folk sojourned at tin seashon during the gunning anil bathing seasons, 
years before railroads were in fashii n or had been projected, even on paper, in 
this direction. 

When the railroad did come, fifteen years later, half a dozen larger houses 
than the old Leeds homestead came into existence, also the pretentions United 
States Hotel, the still larger Surf House, the .Mansion ami Congress Hall, which 
dispensed lavish hospitality to visiting thousands during the short seasi ins ol 
earl) years of the city's histor 

From that time to this, a- the country has prospered and the multitude from 
great cities have made pilgrimage to ocean resorts, the hotel interests of Atlantic 
City have led the van, catering with un- 
paralleled success to popular demands. 
till not less than ten million dolla! 
now represented in the rive hundred 
hotels and boarding houses which line 
the well paved avenue.- and attractive 

beach front, which on ndhills 

and the least desirable sections of the 
city. 

The proximity of many of our 
hotels to the ocean where wrecked ves- 
sels of - with valuable cai 
were driven ashore upon the- sand-. ha- 
robbed ire stormy dee]) of some of 
it< terror- and guaranteed to vi 







UNITED STATES HOTEL. 187o. 




SCHAUFFLER'S HOTEL. 



thousands at all seasons all the benefits of an ocean voyage 
without going to sea, and secured all the luxuries of seawater 
bathing when winter winds are tossing the spray in full view 
of the guests' rooms. 

While Atlantic City may not have palatial hotels to 
compare with the Waldorf-Astoria. New York; the Ponce 
de Leon. St. Augustine: the Palace Hotel, San Francisco: 
the Great Northern or the Auditorium, Chicago; Brown's 
Palace, Denver; the Del Monte of Monterey, or the Del 
Coronado, Santiago. California, the same may be said of Philadelphia. 

Nowhere else on the habitable globe is so much wealth in proportion to 
other lines of trade, represented in hotels and boarding houses as right here in 
Atlantic City. 

The story of this stupendous extension and expansion is the story of the last 
fifty years of the town. The illustrations on other pages indicate with what 
elegance and completeness our hotels are equipped for all seasons and all require- 
ments for moderate or the most fastidious tastes. 

( )ur enterprising and progressive hotel proprietors exert a dominating in- 
fluence in the affairs of the city. In securing a suitable water supply and fire pro- 
tection, paved streets and perfect sanitary conditions, street lighting, an attractive- 
beach front and popular local administration of affairs, our hotel men have always 
been active and prominent. A considerable portion of the population are in their 
employ as mechanics, artisans or servants, or dependent upon them largely for 
trade or auxiliary service. 

( >ur hotel men spend thousands of dollars every year in giving Atlantic City 
favorable publicity in the leading publications of all the larger cities. They are 
first and foremost in welcoming .State and National delegates to annual conven- 
tions and promoting the best interest?- of this resort. 

Atlantic City during the open seasons is a vibrating heart of the world of 
fashion, culture, amusement and health. What a contrast do the hotels of the 
closing centur) present to those primitive stopping places of fifty years ago! 

Now we have modern palace homes, including within their secure and hos- 
pitable walls, priceless paintings, exquisite furnishings and luxurious couches 
in cozy sun parlors, where a day is a veritable dream of delight. The ocean in 





HOTEL ST. CHARLES. 



HOTEL RATES AND CAPACITY. 237 

miniature, with all its valuable properties, is placed at the disposal of the -nest, 
and thus in curiously wrought, seductive tubs of limpid sea water one may splash 
to his or her heart's content, absorbing energy and that peculiar buoyancy that 
lends such zest to every pleasure. Afterward, well wrapped up, a ride in a rolling 
chair is within the range of possibility, and after one has been wheeled for a 
stretch along the Boardwalk, dined at the celebrated tables for which our hotels 
are noted and afterward listened to a high-class concert, he or she is ready to 
smile a welcome to the sandman, knowing full well that nothing but beautiful 
dreams can follow in the wake of such a delightful day. 



HOTEL RATES AND CAPACITY. 

Hotel. RatesperDaj Rates per Week Capacity. 

Hotel Traymore $3.50 to $5.00 $20.00 to $35.00 500 

St. ( harles 3.50 to 5.00 20.00 to 35.00 300 

Windsor 3.50 to 5.00 18.00 to 35-00 250 

Rudolf 3.00 to 5.00 20.00 to 35.00 350 

Waldorf-Astoria 3.00 to 5.00 20.00 to 30.00 500 

Shelburne 3.00 to 5.00 20.00 to 35.00 300 

Chalfonte 3.00 to 5.00 18.00 to 35.00 200 

Dennis 3.00 to 5.00 18.00 to 35.00 500 

Haddon Hall 3.00 to 5.00 18.00 to 35.00 500 

Luray 3.00 to 5.00 16.00 to 25 1 » > 4°° 

[roquois 3.00 to 5.00 15.00 to 25.00 400 

Seaside 3.00 to 5.00 18.00 to 20.00 300 

Senate 3.00 to 5.00 15.0a to 1 8.1 » < 250 

Islesworth 3.00 to 5.00 20.00 to 25.00 450 

Sandhurst 2.50 to 4.00 15.00 to 25.00 160 

Wiltshire 2.50 to 4.00 15.00 to 20.00 300 

I Galen Hall 3.00 to 3.50 12.00 to 25.00 100 

Pennhurst 2.50 to 3 5 1 18.00 to 30.00 200 

Waverly 2.50 to 3.50 18.00 to 20.00 250 

- ( irand Atlantic 2.50 to 3.51 1 15.00 to 20.00 500 

.Morton 2.00 to 3.51 1 12:00 to 25.00 200 

Irvington 2.50 to 3.00 15.00 to 20.00 200 

Glaslyn 2.50 to 3.00 12.00 to 20.00 1 25 

Holmhurst 2.50 to 3.00 15.00 to 1 8.1 « 1 150 

Berkeley 2.50 to 3.00 14.00 to 1K.00 300 

Kenilworth 2.50 to 3.00 [2.00 to 15.00 175 

De Yille 2.50 to 3.00 to. 00 to 16.00 300 

Little Brighton 2.00 to 3.00 12.00 to 18.00 200 

Lelande 2.00 to 3.1 » 1 12.00 to 18.00 150 

Strand , 2.00 to 3.01 1 10.00 to [8.1 1 1 250 



238 DAILY UNON HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Hotel Rates per Day. Rates per Week. Capacity 

Edison $2.00 to S3.00 S10.00 to $16.00 150 

New England 2.00 to 3.00 10.00 to 16.00 175 

Runnymede 2.00 to 3.00 10.00 to 15.00 200 

Knehnle 2.50 200 

Cedarcroft 2.00 to 2.50 12.50 to 18.00 200 

Revere 2.00 to 2.50 12.00 to 15.00 100 

Canfield 2.00 to 2.50 10.00 to 15.00 50 

Ponce de Leon 2.00 to 2.50 10.00 to 15.00 125 

Richmond 2.00 to 2.50 10.00 to 15.00 200 

Chester Inn 2.00 10.00 to 12.00 1 50 

La Belle Inn 1.50 to 2.50 8.00 to 15.00 125 

Norwood 1.50 to 2.00 8.00 to 12.00 125 




\ fLANTIC CITY H( >TELS. 239 

HISTORY OF HOTEL WINDSOR. 

In the year of [884, William Frank Waters purchased a small boarding 
house called The Mineola, for $16,000, from the late I apt. Barton Frink. At 
that time the house contained 18 rooms and had an extended view of the ocean, 
two years later Sophia Bew erected the boarding house called The Berkeley, 

which was conducted by the late 1!. W. Spence, who afterwards had the present 
Holmhurst on Pennsylvania avenue. 

Mr. Waters died in [888, and his son, who was at the University, left college 
and came down to assist his mother with The Mineola. The following summer 
he purchased The Berkeley and built a temporary connection. The capacity of 
the house at that time was 150 guests. Two years later .Mr. < .. Jason Waters 
rebuilt the two hotels and built the first modern hotel in Atlantic City with baths, 
electric lights and salt baths. Two years after this a number of other hotels 
started to improve to exceed the Windsor. In [890 Mr. Waters bought out his 
mother's interests and has conducted the hotel ever since. In 1893 Mr. Waters 
mad' another large improvement, adding enough rooms to accommodate | > 
guests; also making the ground floor the most attractive feature with Turkish 
room, ball room and reception hall of large dimensions. Also engaging the first 
hotel orchestra in Atlantic City for the diversion and entertainment of his guests. 

In [895 Mr. Waters conceived the idea of utilizing his basement for cafe 
and restaurant, erecting a room to represent a ship's cabin with port holes, mast 
tables, etc. This idea has been copied by other beach front hotels. In [897 Mr. 
Waters built the first French courtyard in Atlantic City, making a most attractive 
place in the center of the hotel. 

Since the original hotel was started, in 1884, of 18 rooms and lot 40x150, 
Mr. Waters has built on ami added 140 rooms covering a space of 300x150, and 
purchasing four cottages on Illinois avenue, and now the entire ground owned 
and controlled by The Windsor is 680x150. 

The Hotel Windsor to-day is the most modern hotel on the Atlantic Coast. 
It ha- cost 8325,000, and is the only hotel conducted on American and European 
plans on the Jersey Coast. 



HOTEL RUDOLPH. 

Famous as Atlantic City is, as a resort and for its hotel accommodations, it 
may be said, that the Hotel Rudolf is unequalled in its location and unobstructed 
view of the ocean. Situated directly on the beach front — in the most aristocratic 
part of the city — with broad piazzas — balconies, bedrooms and diningroom over- 
looking the sea. The luxuriousness of furnishings and appointments, the service, 
its popularity, and liberal management have advertised it throughout the United 
States and Canada. Hotel Rudolf is heated with steam and open fires, when 
weather demands it. Lighted by its own electric plant, has elevator service, rooms 




HOTEL. 



\TI. \.\Th cm II' >TELS. 241 

laige .•nul ensuite with bath ami toilet attached. The baths have a double system 
nr service of hot ami cold sea water ami fresh water as desired. 

\ spacious ball room, parlor and music room adjoins i 1m office and exchai 
which i- furnished with Holland and French designs ami mi the polished floors 
( (riental rugs ol greal beaut] an noticed 

Tn insure pure waii i an .nil sian well lias been sunk mi the premises. 

In addition to the orchestra, and dances on Frida} evenings, and music during 
meal hours, noni merits mon special attention than the famous grotto and its 
eai'e. where superb concerts are given l>\ a large orchestra. At night when the 
grotto is illuminated b) ii- many variegated colored incandescent lights, through- 
out the large < avern like retreat, a scene of fairyland greets one am! all. 

The capacity of the Rudolf is four hundred guests. Booklets an- furnished 

mi application. Tin- owner and proprietor i- (lias. R. Myers, who is pos i ed 

i dial and kindly manner; genen ms in all his dealings ami indefatigable in his 

efforts nut onl) in maintain Inn enhance the high standard of excellence ami 

l opularit} which has be< n associated with the Rudolf. 



THE LURAY. 

Hotel Luray, one of the largest ami finest of our beach fronl hotels, has 
been under the ownership and management of Mr. Josiah White For eleven years 
B) gradual evolution ami changes it lias become a model all the year house, with 
first-class accommodations for four hundred guests. 

An expenditure of more than fifty thousand dollars in [898 brought the 
l.nra\ in the front in appointments ami prestige. 

I Te propert} covers [50 feel front by 356 feet deep at the ocean end of Ken 
tucky avenue. 

Since January, 1897, the linn name ha- been Josiah White & Son, bj the 
admission a- a partner of Mien K. White. Esq., -mi of the propri 








THE LURAY- 



ATI. W'Tir C] rv in »RSE sin IW. 



243 



Htlantic City Iborse Show. 

Mr. ( i. [asi in Water--, of II' itel Windsi ir, was the active spirit in the i irganiza- 
tion of the Atlantic City Horse Show Association, which held it- iir-i m et in the 
[nlel Park, July 13, 14 ami [5, [899. 

His enterprise and energy enlisted the hearty co-operation of leading hotel 
and business men. and the display of fine horses was highh satisfactory, as well 
as the financial results. A .--till more ambitious effort will be made the present 
season for a four-day event, which has been m n to open Wed; 

July 11. [900. 

The Atlantic City Horse Show may now be considered a permanent institu- 
tion, and that it is not to be one of the least attractive features of the sum n 
season is attested by its brilliant inauguration last year and the character of the 
men who are at its head. The following are the officers: 

G.Jason Waters, President; ('harles Evans, Vice-President; Hon. Allen B. 
Endicott, Treasurer; Walter J. Buzby, Secretary; William S. Blitz, Assistant ~~ 
retary. The Directors are the above, and F. VV. Hemsley, J. II. Lippincott. H. 
W. Leeds, D. S. White. Jr., A. ( >. Dayton, A. C. McClellan, Dr. J. R. Fleming, 
Jacob Myers, W. II. Catlin, A. J Nutling, Morton VV. Smith. J. 1). Southwick, 
Philip J. Leigh, Josiah White, J. II. Borton, Newlin Haines, W. E. Edge, Charles 
K. Myers, J. B. Reilly, M. D. Youngman, M. I).. Charles S. Lacky, John G. 
Shreve, and John M. Shaw. 




ATLANTIC CITY HORSE SHOW. 




'. - -. 



3M5«te2E 



WO . • • -,\SE. FRO 
THE 



f 



1 





c 



Eastev at the Shore. 



Jjf/jfi p I LANTIC CITY as a Winter Resort dates from April. [876, when 
^jy.jWj-ly the late I''. W. l-Iemslej opened Brighton ( ottage as an all the year 
| louS e Mi.- Brighton then had fift) three rooms, instead of two 
hundred as now, and speedil) built up a profitable spring and winter 
trade. The late George F. Lee, the owner, encouraged the lessee 
b) enlarging the house and providing up-to-date appointments, 
which were appreciated, and other hotels were not slow in catering 
to the >anio class of patrons. Physicians and railroad officials 
heartil) co-operated with satisfactory results. 
The advantages of this city as a place of retirement for society's devotees 
during tlif Lenten season are now wideh appreciated, fashionables from New 
York, Philadelphia and more distant centers coming here to find the restful 
changes and relief that come From the peculiar advantages and characteristics 
of tins resort. 

Here it is that the fair women and brave nun who grace the social circle at 
home, drink deep of the ocean air and diverting surroundings for which this sea- 
lashed island is noted. 'Tims in a few weeks is a reserve fund of energ\ gained 
that enables them to resume with fresh delight the routine of life and rare in the 
great metropolises. 

During the forty days which usuallj include parts of March and \.pril, the 
shore is a veritable paradise, everything being conducive to a'sense of peace and 
tranquil enjoyment. The tedium of travel to distant southern resorts is avoidi I 
k\ a trip to Atlantic City and the benefits of an ocean voyage secured without 
the risk and objections of being at sea. 

As the great religious festival of Easter approaches, tin arrivals become 
more numerous and the scenes, like those in the 
illustration, more frequent and striking. \\ hen the 
sun shines forth on that glad Sabbath morning, 
sackcloth and ashes are east aside and Queen 
Fashion, arrayed in all the bewitching beauty of her 
gracious loveliness, is revealed to the crowd that 
promenades the I '•< iai dwalk. 

Easter is the culmination ol the spring season 
and the churches are usuall) largeh attended, after 
which the procession along the Boardwalk is at its 
height. Such an array of fascinating women in 



(245) 





/V 



M 



1 U**»Q>- 




31. = \ -i_. 



KAS'I ER AT THE SHi >RE 247 

seasonabh fashionable gowns and millinery are only seen in such bewildering pro- 
fusion on Easter morning. For weeks afterwards the social world talks with the 
enthusiasm of youth ab< ut the brilliant and varied scenes witnessed along Atlantic 

( iu 's lain' ius ! '•' lardwalk. 




E4STER ON THE BOARDWALK. 



The greatest Easter Sunday in the history of Atlantic City was on \]>ril 2, 
1899. It was not an ideal one so far as the weather was concerned. The air was 
chilly and raw. The wind blew a gale at times and shortly after noon a snow 
squall passed over the city. But the weather conditions did not prevent the 
greater part of the estimated forty thousand visitors taking a stroll on the Board- 
walk. 

Between the hours of eleven A. M. and one P. ,\L, the number of promen- 
ade-re on the Boardwalk was the largest of the day. There were two steady 
streams of people, one going up the walk and the other down, that reached front 
rail to rail. 

I here was a marvelous display of Easter garments and headgear by both 
old and young. 'I here was an abundance of smart frocks and perfect dreams 
of hats and bonnets. The women that came forth in their light spring tailor-made 
suits also had use for light furs and capes. ,\lan\ bright and chipper Easter girls 
and many fashionable attired young; men scorned to wear over their natty suits 




HOTEL ISLESWORTH. 



KASTER \T Ill E SHORE. 249 

a wrap or an overcoat. They preferred to carry them on their arms and make 
themselves believe it was a balmy day. 

Between the hours of four and rive o'clock in the afternoon the Boardwalk 
was for the second time tilled with a double stream of strollers. Although nearly 
every roller chair was in use, there was very little interference to pedestrians. 
Since the order of the police, making the attendants wheel the chairs in single 
file, there is more comfort tn promenaders than when the chairs were allowed to 
be wheeled two or three abreast 

The trains that arrived in this city on Saturday came in sections, the same 
as they did the two days previous. The Camden train on the Pennsylvania that 
arrived Sunday morning about io ?0 came in three sections, two of ten cars and 




RESIDENCE OF A. M. JORDAN. 



one of rive, a total of twenty-five car-, of which five were parlor cars, eighteen 
coaches and two baggage. The bridge train that followed the Market street train 
into the depot brought thirteen cars in two sections, six parlor cars, six coaches 
and one baggage. 

The 5.30 train from this city Sunday evening to Market street wharf was 
composed of twenty-four cars, in two sections of twelve cars each. As every scat 
was taken and railroad men estimate sixty persons to a car. more than fourteen 
hundred persons left on that train. 

Both railroads report traffic ahead of all records for the week. The follow- 
ing figure- of the last two years are of interest, showing a gratifying percentagi 
of advance. 



•■'- 



/ 






•& 



t -vJ' * w ■•- // 

* 








- 



i8g i 


Minn 


88 cars 


1. ' ■ 


88 " 


55 


[08 


89 " 


44 


54 



E \STKk AT THE SIM )RE 



ROYAL READING. 

t8g8 

Thursday 56 cai 

1 ridaj .' 

Satui daj 95 

Sunday 1 1 

Total 



WEST JERSEY AND SEASHORE. 

[898. 1899 [900 

["hursda' 54 cai 83 1 96 cai 

Fridaj 63 " 87 ' 110 ' 

Saturday 71 103 125 

Sundaj 35 " 60 

rotal 223 ' " 333 cars. 397 cars. 

I'.\ this ii appears that a total 1 f 642 cars or 38,520 passengers were brought 
clown in four clays of 1900:661 ca 01 39.660 for the same period of [899; and 
i - or 21 1.71 10 passengers f< ir [81 18 



THE RUSH AT THE HOTELS. 

\n idea ol the Easter business ma) be gained b} the record of Sunday d 
at leading hotel npared with that oi thi past two ■ ti 

1898 1899. ■ 1900 

Grand \i lantii 694 75.' 600 

Hotel Di Mm- 528 

[slesworth .555 525 

i iardi 11 500 

Rudolf 385 500 

St. ( lharles 1 1 US 45" 

I [otel Brighton 175 

Hotel [Yaymorc 250 (oo 523 

I [otel Berkelej 355 

I ! - el Wind 1 325 

I [1 itel Senate 225 270 

I [otel 1V'\ ille 241 250 

Seaside House 240 250 ;=" 

Shelburne 250 270 

Pennhurst [65 [68 175 

I .111 :i\ (in 

\\ iltshire 300 

Iroquois 300 

Victi iria . 50 100 

Bleak I touse 350 



< lalili I [all . . 

( Gladstone 

M 1 irtJ m 300 

Majestic 

1 »i ean Queen 



252 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Verily is Easter at the seashore a time when wealth, fashion and culture 
form the three graces that swa) the hearts of the multitude. The surroundings 
here seem especially designed for a proper celebration of the clay. The sublime 
majesty of the deep teaches a silent lesson of the omnipotence of the Creator and 
the dependence of frail humanity. 

Atlantic City as an appropriate place in which to observe and magnify the 
day has been recognized for years, and the hotels make it a point to cater par- 
ticularly to the rush that comes just prior to the great festival. Easter week, as a 
rule, is devoted to private card parties and dances which are toned down to meet 
the requirements of the season. 

In the hotel world especially at this season our city is invested with a halo 
of romance that appeals to the sentimental natures of young people who admire 
the moon and see loved faces in the foam as they gaze at the surf and dream of 
the day when their happiness will be consummated. "You'll remember me*' is 
the favorite melody at this time as the jingling cadence of the music chimes har- 
moniously with the throbbing hearts of the city lovers. For it must be borne in 
mind that the Goddess of Love is the divinity that presides at the seashore and 
the matches that are made within sight of the sea. while not as numerous as the 
sands on the beach, are of frequent occurrence. 

The post Lenten season marks a disappearance of those who have added a 
touch of color to the resort during the preceding forty days, but many weeks do 
not elapse before the Boardwalk is once more crowded with strangers in search of 
health and pleasure. 



• -"'<r" 



Zbc JBoarbwalh anfc ©cean flMets, 



-*- 



"3T - ' HE ceaseless charms and wonders of old ocean first induced visiters to 
f(J\ come to this island and capitalists to build railroads here. So to-day 
^i the main feature of the city is the lour miles of elevated boardwalk for 
pedestrians only, along the beach where all the glories of the sea — the 
o-littering sunlight on the waters, the rolling breakers, the spray and tumult of 
the storm, and the tireless ebb and flow of the water along the shore — may be 
enjoyed by inland strangers, who rind a peculiar fascination and inspiration in 
the power and beauty and life of the sea and hear music in it- roar. 

Xo other promenade in the country is so unique and enjoyable as Atlantic 
i ity's Boardwalk. It was first built in 1870. when the population of the place was 
only about 2.000. The beach then was a wild public common, with scattering 
bath houses and tiresome areas of mosquito marsh and soft sand. The first 
boardwalk cost $5,000. which was a considerable sum in those days, when no 
legal opinion was asked for and when public sentiment was strong enough to 
push the scheme successfully along. It was at first only eight feet wide, set on 
piling three feet above the sand. It extended from the lighthouse to the Sea- 
view Excursion House at Missouri avenue, and was in use only a few months 
in summer. Fashion in those days did not disport herself along the beach in 
winter or at Eastertide as she does now. 

Before winter came the walk was piled up in sections and secured to prevent 
storm tides from wrecking it and bearing the pieces and piling too far away. 

Larger and longer walks succeeded the first one as the town extended and the 
need was felt, till in 1891, at an expense of $55,000, a 24-foot wide walk was built 
from the Inlet to Chelsea to replace the old one which was worn out. 

The rapid growth of the city made necessary a larger, more substantial 
structure. It was built high and strong on wooden piling. It was like the old 
ones, all of wood. This investment proved a good one. 
attractiveness and popularity of the wider and 
stronger walk, with an unobstructed view ocean- 
ward, made it pay for itself in two years. At the 
end of five years parts of the structure, for the 
safety of the crowds upon it, needed rebuilding. 
It was then decided by the city fathers to build a 
steel or iron -structure, costing more and to last 
for many years. 

The piling and entire framewi irk of this new 



(253) 



All agreed that the 





HOTEL TRA1MORE. 



,i.K AND PIERS. 



promenade, im Rhode Island to rexas avenue, are steel, floored with dressed 
heart pine from Georgia, laid on extra heav\ joist. Galvanized iron railings 
extend along either side where needed as a safeguard. The piling are sun 
Feel i r more in the sand b) hydraulic process and are as firm as tin hills. Mosl ol 
the ua\ this new walk is fort) feet wide and this | rovi - ti o narrow for the crowds 
which throng it at Easter and in Jul} and August. 

Excepting the two piers, onh open pavil- 
ions arc built along the ocean side, where seats 
are provided for their patrons and the public In 
tlir owners of the stores and bath houses on the 
opposite side. From an) point along its entire 
four miles one has an unobstructed view of the 
'"■.in- of the ships and steamers passing a safe 
distance from the shoals, out where the water 
meets the sky, and of sailboats which, like duck-. 
float leisurely with pleasure panics in the dis 
lance or troll for the bluefish in season. 

I he Boardwalk is brilliantly lighted at night 
the entire year by electric arc lamps, and during 
the summer months is incomparably the must 
fascinating boulevard in the world. Manx- bril- 
liant journalistic pens have made it famous in a 
history, and man) tongues have told the stor i I 
its attractions § 

Between the Boardwalk and the ocean is the £ 
magnificent stretch of surf bathing grounds, £ 

w here fn im to.ooo to 21 , men, \\ > mien and i 

children ma) be seen an) da\ during the bathing n 
season, disporting in the foaming breakers, | 
creating a living picture which the most gifted q 
artists have not equalled on canvas, which 3 
talented pens have tailed to fully describe and 3 
which no other watering place on the planet can 
approach. It is unrivalled, unequalled, and. like 
Pleiades, "the loveliest of her train." Atlantic 
City is the gem of all ocean resorts in tins 
respect. 

< >n the other side of the Boardwalk is a 
wonderful kaleidoscope of merry-go-rounds, an 
opera house, haunted forests, shell bazaars, bath 
houses, swimming pools, shooting galleries, bric- 
a-brac stores, mineral-water fountains, phono- 
graph parlors, and a hundred charming exhila- 
rating, harmless entertainments into which the 





M. D. YOUNGMAN, M.D. 



SO RDWALK ■ D 



visitor enters with zest and upon which he spends his spare change with so much 
pleasure and benefit. 

It is a typical American crowd, full of life, but never disorderly, full of the 
charming vivacit) that seems to be an inheritance from the sea. Here may be 
seen a Senator or Cardinal, a millionaire, priest, merchant or professional man 
of eminence, happ] among the more numerous mem- 

of the middle classes I verj civilized nation on 
earth is represented in the cosmopolitan procession. 

©ccan piers. 

The first ocean pier to be projected in this citj was 
the enterprise of the late Col. George I Inward, of 
Washington, I >. C, in [881. This structure, which 
sti i d onl) for one season, celebrated it- opening July 
u. 1882. It extended 650 feet into the ocean, at the 
■ it of Kentuck) avenue, on what is now the Hotel 
Lura\ property. The science of sinking piling in heavy 
beach -and was then in its infancy. The expeditious 
hydraulic process had not then bei n used here and tin 
methods effective in softer soils were not satisfactory 
along the beach. A September storm destroyed this 
pier, l>ut did not discourage the builder 

till Howard proceeded at once with a stronger 
one, 850 feet long. \t considerable expense screw 
threads were cut by hand on the sharpened ends oi 
heavj log piling, with the expectation of screwing them 
deep enough into the solid -and of the beach. This 
method proved ineffective, as power sufficient to twist 
the logs to -| 'In iter- wmi Id not penetrate the sand. This 
thread Eaili d of its pur] 

Strain power and the water process was then in- 
tn duced and the financial possibilities of ocean piers 
tested fi ir several s< asons. 

I In- outer pavilion of the I Inward pier was 
damaged by the Robert Morgan, a large new vessel in 
ballast which was driven ashore high on the beach just 
above Kentucky avenue, on the night of Januarj 9, 
[884. This pier was never a great success financially 
and was removed h\ the commissioners who con 
demned property for the building of the new board 
walk in 1891. It was assessed at SS.ooo. 

J. R. Applegate, in [883, was next to embark in 




17 




\ LE 6 K F Li 



B( ) \kl>\\ \I.K WD PIERS 






the pier business. He boughl one hundred feet of beach fronl at the foot of 
rennessee avenue for $10,000, paying $3,500 for one iifi\ fool lot and $6,500 foi 
another next adjoining where his picture galleries were, h was a double decker, 
artisticall) finished, with an amusement pavilion at the outer end 625 feet from 
the Boardwalk. 

This pier from the upper deck afforded a fine ocean viev\ and was built to 
accommodate several thousand people. 

This pur and real estate was sold in 1891 \<> Messrs. Young and M'cShea, 
for $56,000, and has been extensivelj enlarged and improved since, till ii now 
extends 2,000 feet into the ocean, and for years las been the great renin- of 
attractii in ah nig tin- beach fn mi. 




MET HAUL ON YOUNG'S PIER. 



A large net, hauled twice dailj in summer at the outer end, brings up a large 
and varied assortment of the animal life of the sea, which is of infmiti mi 
visitors. From this net specimens of fish of all sizes arc secured for the large 
tanks mi the pier, where living specimens ma\ at all times be sei n 

In inn- large pavilion, 80 bj 200 feet, hops, cakewalks, bab) shows and en- 
tertainments arc given, and in another still larger auditorium meetings and con 
vi in 1, ins arc provided fi ir 



260 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



Vs a resting place, where the ocean and bathing grounds may be viewed, 
the pier has become indispensable. ( )therwise the congestion of travel on the 
Boardwalk might become deeidedh unpleasant, where now the surroundings are 
of the most novel and enjovable character. 



Cbe SMc- Iron pier. 

In 1887 a company was organized in this city to build an iron pier as a popu- 
lar beach-front attraction at the ocean end of Massachusetts avenue. Iron bridge- 
work was used and a tine structure built, t.ooo feel into the surf, at a o si 
It was kept open several years, Inn was not a success financially ami 
was sold at a forced sale, becoming finally the property oi Messrs. Young & 
McShea, who purchased a square of land at the entrance. 

\ storn ssel wrecked a portion oi the outer pavilion and a severe 

storm a few years later carried away several sections of the pier nearer the en- 
trance. Damages were repaired and the old iron pier is still rented an I 
for business purpi 




I Ilk NEW SI E EL PIER. 261 

Z\k flew Steel pier. 

In [898 the Atlantic Citj Steel Pier Compan) was organized and incor- 
porated and the handsome structure buill [650 feel into the ocean, al the foot ol 
Virginia avenue. The capital stock of the compan) is $400,000. 

At the entrance from the Boardwalk a two-story casino and music hall, gla 
inclosed and steam heated, seats 1200 people and is a favorite sunparlor and wait 
ing place for social gatherings or visiting organizations. 

A large dancing pavilion or auditorium further along accommodate 
people at one time, and a still larger one at the extreme outer end accommodates 

4,500. 

Vs manj as r8,< people have been admitted to the steel pier on a single 

occasion during its first season. Ii is a substantial, safe and select resort for 
visitors, conducted to please the best class ol people. 

A dividend of seven per cent, was declared on the stud, at the end of the first 
seasi in. 

George W. Jackson was one of the leading prdmotors and largest share 
holder. The structure was built on lands thai were his. 

The ..(iicers and directors of the company are: President, Win. Jay Turner. 
929 ( hestnut street, Philadelphia; Vice President, Frank J. Patterson; Treas 
urer, George W. Jackson ; Directors, the above and A. O. Dayton, Wm. T. Hers, 
L. W. Passmore, D. F. Keenan, Fred Burk, Charles F. Grosholz, Robt. T. Hast 
ings, I.. I-:. Filbert, V S. Elliott, Vforris Pfaelzer and J. J. Sullivan. 




OLD TIME BATHERS. 



©uv public Schools. 



HE growth and development of the public school system form one of the 
mam gratifying features of the histor) of Atlantic City. The si> fine 
buildings, seventy odd teachers, four thousand pupils and up-to-date 
methods which now comprise our public schools, started from very 
humble conditions forty years ago. 

So earl) as 1836 one Richard Risley, from the mainland, came to this island 
in instruct less than a dozen children of the Leeds families. Crude indeed and 
meager \\ ere the means and methods of instructs m in the rudiments in those days 
i>\ private tuitii m. 

Risk) was succeeded by one Mortimer < ioodrich, who had his private school 
in the Ryan Adams house, which stood exactly at the intersection of Arctic and 
Delaware avenues. Tradition jays that John Weaver followed Goodrich, and 
there were probably others during the long winters that intervened before the 
incorporation of the city and the advent of the railroad in 1854. 

Anna Maria Gaskill taught a private school in the dining room of the Chalk- 
lex Leeds residence, in 1X5(1, and later in the same year Edward S. Reed, assisted 
by his wife, opened a school near Baltic and Rhode Island avenues, in a house 
which still stands next to the hirst M. E. Church on Atlantic avenue. 

A .Miss Thomas succeeded Mr. Reed, having her scl 1 in a basement room 

oi the M. E. Church, which had iust been erected. There were then some thirty 
' ir f( irty sell. I. .I children 1 in the island 

The late Arthur Westcott, who for many years was City Assessor, taught a 
private school in a small building erected for that purpose by Richard Hackett 
mi South Carolina avenue above Arctic 

A Miss Slade had a school in Alt. Vernon Cottage, next to St. Nicholas 
R. C. Church, on Atlantic avenue, and a Miss Price had a school for a time in 
the Chester County House at New York and Pacific avenues. 

The first public school was opened about 1858, in the did ( Icean House, at 
Maryland and Arctic avenues, where Beyer's lintel now stands. It was first 
taught by Mr. (has. (1. V'arney. The following year the School Trustees were 
able to provide the first public school house, a small frame building, on an ample 
lot at Arctic and Pennsylvania avenues. Mr. Varney was succeeded by Alex- 
ander L. I Wilis, a graduate of the State Normal School, whose system of disci- 
pline proved an innovation. During his two years' stay Bellis was assisted b) 
his sister, Mis, Sarah. Miss Fannie Smith. Miss Deborah Cordery and Miss Lena 
Scull. 

cir,:;, 




GROUP OF PU3LIC SCHOOLS. 



PUBLIC Si HOO 



260 



select good teacher 



Schoolboys together in the old Ocean House, in [859 \ 60, were Ezra 

Bartlett, John Wilson, Edward and Joseph Bedlow, Henry and .Andrew Higbee, 
Harry S. Scull, William and B. F. Souder, Tom Adams. Enoch Turner, Sam 
Evard, Charles Leeds, Will Smith, and others. 

About 1863, the little three-room school house became so crowded that the 
trustees awarded a contract to Richard Souders for building a two-story, four- 
room structure, as a more imposing front to the original building. There was 
difficulty in providing funds, and the contractor was unable to proceed. Mr. 
Robert I . Evard, at pecuniary sacrifice to himself, completed the job and pri ivided 
much-needed school facilities. For man) years afterward Mr. Evard served as 
school trustee. Ili- sturdy sense, rugged honesty and firmness enabled him to 
and tell when a school was well taught. 

Mr. Bellis was succeeded 
as principal by Mr. \. A. 
Abrams. Then came Mr. 
L< onard and Mr. Robert L. 
1 iuerney. 

In the fall of [863, Mr. 
Silas R. Morse, of Liver- 
more, Alain./, who had been 
teaching successfull) two 01 
three \ < ars al 1 fammonti m 
and VVinslow, are, pted thi 
position of principal ami con- 
tinued in charge of the 
schools for nine years. Mrs 
Morse, then-a blushing bride, 
came with him and for seven years was one of his most efficient assistants. Hun- 
dreds of our best known citizens have pleasant memories of old school days under 
Mr. and Mrs. Morse. 

Other assistant teachers under Mr. Morse were Misses Elliott, Mary Nellie 
Hayes, Caroline Bigelow, of Livermore, Maine; Miss Elizabeth Allen, of Ho- 
boken; Miss Ina Ross, of Burlington; Miss Anna Weatherby, Miss Samaria 
Eldredge. 

In the fall of 1872 Air. Morse resigned and Mr. Charles < i. Kingman was 
elected, who two years later was succeeded by John H. Batten, and he by A. R. 
Dickerson, who remained one year only. 

In September, 1877, the schools opened with John F. Hall, another Maine 
man, as principal. He had taught several years in his native State and one year 
at Weymouth, in Atlantic County. The trustees at that time were Joseph A. 
Barstow, Robert T. Evard and Andrew W. Tompkins. Hall continued two 
years, resigning in 1879, having embarked in journalism. The assistant teachers 
during the two years of his administration were Misses Adah M. Seely, Eliza U. 



i i \)% H^silSuBri^ 



THE OLD SCHOOL HOUSE, 1862 TO 1887. 




SILAS P. MORSE. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 2G7 

North, Mary Lara. Helen C. Seely, Sarah Hagan, Eva Madden, Nellie Thomp- 
son, Carrie E. Adams, Annie M. Adams, and Mrs. Johnson. 

I ismond C. Evans, from Maine, succeeded Hall, and taught two years. He 
was succeeded in the fall of 1881 as principal b) Clarence !■'.. Morse, also from 
.Maine, who had been in charge of the school at Mays Landing several years, and 
was assistant principal in the Indiana Avenue School in the previous year. 

About this time a separate soli' ml for colored children was opened in rooms 
now occupied by the U. S. Fire Company. It continued successfully several 
years, till political influences prevailed against separate colored schools. 

Prof. William A. Deremer took charge of the schools of tlii^ city in the fall of 
1891, and continued in office as Supervising Principal until ( Ictober, 1893, when 
the silent reaper "death" claimed him as his own. lie was a self-educated man 
from Cumberland. MA, and had taught very successfully at \ ineland. X. J., 
several years. He was an indefatigable worker, with tact and originality that 
made hhn popular with his associates, lie introduced manual training and a 
system of moral training which comes from having teachers and pupils investi- 
gate and relieve cases of want and suffering among the worthy poor of the city. 

During his term of office four schoolrooms were added to each of the follow- 
ing buildings, viz.: New Jersey avenue, Indiana avenue and Texas avenue. The 
teaching force was increased from thirty-five to forty-seven teachers. Manual 
training was added to the course and L. E. Ackerman, a graduate of the Pratt 
Institute. Brooklyn, was elected to be in charge of this department in the spring 
of 1893. 

In October, [893, (has. I'.. Boyer, then principal of the High School, was 
elected to till the vacancy by the death of Prof. Deremer. Henry I'. Miller, a 
native of Sharpsburg, Maryland, was at the same time elected to the principalship 
of the High School. 

Since [893 the teaching force has been increased from forty-seven to sixty- 
seven regular grade teachers and five special teachers. The total enrollment 
June 30, t Si )4. was 2. 311, while that of June 30, [898, was 3,391, an increase of 
1.080 schoolable children in four years' time. 

The following table concisely gives the dates of the construction, the capacity 
and present value of the several school properties in Atlantic City: 

J* 

Schools Rooms. 

I [igh School 10 

Pennsylvania Avenue [6 

Indiana Avenue 12 

New Jersey Avenue 12 

Texas Avenue 12 

Chelsea 6 

i 1 ital 68 SJ05.000 



Built. 


Value 


[896 


$45,000 


,XN- 


40,000 


1879 


30,000 


[883 


35,OO0 


1 883 


25.OOO 


1897 


30,000 




ISRAEL G. ADAMS. 



PUBLIC SCH( )OLS. 269 

In the fall of [898, the manual training course was 1 xti nded, in order that all 
pupil- of the grammar grades should receive the benefits from such a course of 
training \i thi presenl time there are five manual training rooms located as 
follow-: One al New Jerse) avenue, one al Pennsylvania avenue, one at Chelsea, 

and two at the I tigh Sri 1 Building. 

A regular commercial course was introduced in the fall of 1898, and F. J. 
Klock, a graduate of the Rochester Bu ines University, Rochester, X. Y., was 
elected to taki chargi of this department 

Vocal music, as a regular class study, was introduced into the schools in 
January, [891. The department was placed in charge of Miss Josephine Fleti hi 1 
who continued as supervisor of the sami until the spring of [893 She wa in 
ceeded as supervisor by Miss Rispah Potter, who tool charge of the department 
m the fall of 1893, and shi v a m < <\<<\ bj Mrs. I [elen < i. Ulmer in the fall of 
[899 The results obtained thus fai have been verj gratifying. 

All expenditure are wisely made, and of the $80,566.28 appropriated b; 

incil 1 iucational purposi during the past year, $67,267.12 was pent 

in bi half of the schools of this city. The best inti n -1 - of the schools have at all 
n idered and the Board has acted wisel) and judiciousl) with all 
on pertaining to the welfare of tin boys and girls. The work in all depart 
ments is in the hand- of faithful teachers. 

While Atlantic City may boast of her magnificent Boardwalk, her modern 
hotels, salubrious climate and world renowned popularity, she ma) also feel proud 
bool system and the influence emanating from the sami 

High School gra 1 1 ho have entered higher institution of learn 1 1 

been successful in their various lines of work. The future ot thi 'I ' of this 

bi ilit. 

Thi 01 thi upport of the schools have always been met with a 

willing n ponsi from the generous public. 

At a publii Joe! meeting he'd earl) in February of the present year, thi 
Board of Education was authorized to purchase the site of Hotel Waverly, at the 

1 orner oi I '. and I >hio avenues, lot 150x150, for $50,000, and build upon it a 

fine high school building costing $80,000 more; also to purchase a lot at Lincoln 
and Ohio avenues and provide for the lower grade at a co ■ additional. 

The present organization of the public schools consists of the following Board 
of Education: 

Aaron Hinkle, First Ward; S. R. Morse. Paul Wootton, Second Ward: 
Carlton Godfrey, William A. Bell, Third Ward; C. J. Adams. Samuel II. Kelley, 

th Ward. President, C. J. Adai President, Carlton Godfrey; District 

\aron Hinkle; City Superintendent. Dr. W. M. Pollard; Supervising Prin- 
cipal, (has. B. Bo 

Special Teachers I.. !•'.. Ackerman, Manual Training; Wilhelmine Ochs, 




JOHN R. FLEM NG M D 



PUBLK S( llui )LS. '271 

Supervisor of Drawing; Mexcenah Thomas, Supervisor of Primary Work; Helen 
G. I liner, Supervisor of Music; Anna S. I '.mi sal I. < leneral Substitute. 

High School, Illinois and Arctic Avenues. Henrj I'. Miller, Principal. 
Mathematics and Sciences Katharine Shaub, English; Florence A. Nelson, 
Latin and Algebra; Mice B. Blackman, Histon and Physiology; Cordelia Arnold, 
Arithmetic and Algebra; P.J. Klock, Commercial Department. 

I ighth Grade. Ella R. Eldredge, room No. 57, reading, physiology, spelling 
ami music; May K. Biggins, room No. 56, geography, histon ami penmanship; 
Ethel M. Davie, room \'<>. 54. English, arithmetic and drawing; Theodore Parker, 
janitor. 

\Yu Jerse) Wenue School. Marj M. Murray, sixth grade; Carrie I 
V.dams, fifth grade; Lida E. Tyler, seventh grade; Emma J. Underwood, fifth 
grade; Emma J. < hamberlain, fourth grade; Medora Risley, fourth grade; Estella 

M. Davis, third grade; Anne M. ^dams, third grade; S. Vlarii fol 11 , econd 

grade; Bertha M. Davis, second grade; Ernestine Strauss, first grade; Grace 1). 
Morton, firsl grade; Elizabeth C. Fister, third grade; Edna < ). Requa, first grade; 
P. Naomi Vlurdock, second grade, Constanl Conover, Janitor. 

Pennsylvania Wenue School. — Carrie Wisner, seventh grade; Annie ' on 
over, sixth grade; Lottie Hutchinson, fifth grade; Ezanna ( onover, fourth gradi ; 
Stella M. Cromwell, fifth grade; Maud M. Breneman, sixth grade; Georgia VI01 
n's, seventh grade; J. Ma\ Breneman, first grade; Flora C. Ashback, firsl grade; 
Elizabeth < . Allen, second grade; P. Pauline Reed, second grade; Elizabeth 
Albertson, third ami fourth grades; ( '. Uberta I nderwood, third grade; Mary 
Walker, third ami fourth grades; Lillian V. Thompson, firs) ami second grades, 
Jaci 'li Slat' hi, Janiti ir. 

Indiana Wenue School. Ulclie Wescott, eventh grade; Sallie Rothermel 
sixth grade; Florence Hayday, third grade; Hannah I'. Pierce, fourth ami fifth 
grades; ^.gnes Schwalm, fifth grade; Lizzii English, third ami fourth grades; 
Louise Pinchon, second grade; Minnie E. Morse, firsl grade; Emily X. Mitchell, 
first grade; Edith M. Boothby, fourth grade; Al. Kate Jay, first grade; Marie 
( Istrander, -e- I grade. George Thomas, Janitor. 

Indiana Avenue Branch. Hattie E. Merritte, first grade; Lulu Pierce, second 
and third grades; Frances G. Anderson, second grade. 

I' a Wenue School. Clara I'.. Lockwood, sixth grade; Harriet Al. Bn 
third grade; Al. Burdella Lindsay, third grade; Bes ie V. Young, fourth grade; 
l.idie Gilch, fifth grade; Sylvia Adams, third grade; Elizabeth Kandle, second 
grade; Elizabeth Prowell, firsl grade; I. aura Wick, firsl grade; Nan 1.. Mildren, 
lirst grade; Viola P. Batten, second grade; Emma Allen, second grade. Howard 
( '< >11 ins. Janitor. 

Chelsea Building. -Robena Glover, seventh grade; < lara Hinkle, fourth 
grade; Ella J. Hamilton, fifth grade; Alice Harford, sixth grade; Frances J. 
Staufifer, second ami third grades; Mabel Hinshelwood, first grade, \im.s Tilton, 
Janitor. 




PARDON RYON. 



Some of the Xcafcing Cburcbes. 



dFirst fID. JB. Cburcb. 



€HE First Methodist Episcopal Church in this city, on Atlantic above 
Connecticut avenue, was built in 1857. The cornerstone was laid in July 
of that year. The lot. 60 x 150, was given to the church by Chalkley S. 
Leeds, who then owned many acres in that part of the island. 
The first religious services were held in a house then standing in the "old 
field." Local exhorters conducted services at first, till an organization was 
effected. Rev. Edward H. Durrell is said to have preached the first regular 
sermon. 

A Sunday-school was organized in Cottage Retreat before rooms in the new- 
church building were ready for use. During its construction William Conover 
was killed by the falling of the tower from the roof, one of the girders breaking. 
Since first occupied the church has twice been enlarged and improved. It is 
free from debt and valued at Si 2. 500. There is a comfortable parsonage at No. 
30 North Delaware avenue, valued at $4,500. 

The membership of the church now numbers nearly three hundred persons, 
and the Sunday-school nearly four hundred. The annual receipts and expenses 
exceed $3,000. 

The twenty ministers wdio have officiated at this church since Air. Durrell 
preached his first sermon are the following: 

1 W. B. CULLIS. n. [AMES McDUGALL, 

2. J. T. TUCKER, 12. W. S. ZANE, 

3. R. I. ANDREWS. 13. W. T. ABBOTT. 
; MILLARD FOGG, 14 I L. ROE. 

5 W. S. BARNART, 15. PHILIP CLIXE. 

6 R M. STRATTON. 16. T. H. BOSWELL, 
- A. M. XORTH. 17. J. B. DILKS, 

S A. I. GREGORY. 18. J. H. PAYRAX. 

9 I F. HEILEXMAX. 19. HENRY BELTING, 

10. J. T. HUTCHINSON, 20. GEORGE S. MESEROLL. 

The present official board comprises the following persons: 

JOSEPH C. CLARK. MRS. E. S. REED. 

JOHN I. MASON, ELLIOT REPP. 

CLAREXCE L. COLE. MRS MARY WO OTTO N, 

JOHX A. CLEMENT, THOMAS RILEY. 

MRS. MARY REPP, THOMAS MATHIS. 

F. H. BOYVEX, WM. G. LORE. 

HARRY PARSOXS. MRS. W. G. LORE. 

MRS. LEWIS EVANS, JOB. G. MOXROE. 

LEWIS BARRETT, S. P. DUBOIS. 

LUTHER EDMUNDS. ALBERT DOUGHERTY, 

ELWOOD JOHNSON, URIAH RILEY. 
JOHN W. PARSONS, 
IS (273) 




A. W. BAILY, M.D. 



FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 275 

first Presbyterian Cburcb. 

The first Presbyterian services ever held in this city were conducted in the 
house of the first Mayor, Chalkley S. Leeds, on Januar) 21, [855. Missionaries 
of the Presbytery conducted services for some years in private houses during 
the winter months and in hotel parlors during- the summer. So early as [855 the 
Camden and Atlantic Land Company very generously gave to trustee- the present 
site of the First Presbyterian Church. It was swamp) ground at that time, a 
small part of a tract that cost the land compan) $17.50 per acre. It cost con- 
siderable to grade the property, but sand hills were not far away. At that time 
there was no building of any kind on Pennsylvania avenue, except the Mansion 
I [1 iuse. 

The corner stone of the first edifice was laid August 21, [856, on which occa- 
sion addresses were made by Rev. John Chambers, D.D., John Leyburn, D.D., 
and Samuel I '.each Jones, D.D. Rev. William II. Green, LL.D., of Princeton 
Seminary, also was present. 

The first public services were held in the building July 2(>. [857, with only 
temporary seats and unplastered walls. In the same month of July. [857, the 
corner stone of the First M. E. Church was laid. 

In 1858 the Presbyterian property was seized by the sheriff for outstanding 
debt ami was extricated with considerable difficulty. Stock' was issued in $50 
shares, bearing six per cent, interest, to run five years. All were finally redeemed. 
For years the church was only occupied in summer, and preachers were secured 
by giving them free entertainment at the United States Hotel for their services. 
The building was too large and cold for winter use. 

The church was dedicated June 23, [859, when Dr. Charles Wadsworth 
preached from Luke J:$. 

(hi December jo. 1870, a regular church organization was effected by the 
following seven charter members: Air. and Airs. Lemuel Eldridge, Henry, son 
-1 Rev. \\\ \A'. McNair, Airs. Henry McNair, Mis. Mary Scull. Airs. Rachel Scull 
Turner ami Airs. Rebecca R. Townsend. Airs. Turner is the only one of them 
living to-day. 

Rev. Allen H. Brown, Rev. Dr. \ . If Reed and Rev. S. \Y. Pratt were the 
committee of the Presbytery on organization. Zealous missionaries in the early 
days of the church were Rev. Allen II. Brown and Rev. F. R. Brace, who are- 
still among the living. 

For years the church was dormant, till with increasing population it became 
self-sustaining. 

Rev. W. W. McNair was the first stated supply. He continued about two 
years after the organization, when various ministers tilled the pulpil irregularly. 

Rev. A. G. Baker officiated about two years, till 1X78. when Rev. II. Martin 
Kellogg became the stated supply till February, 1880. 

The building was enlarged to its present size, in 1876. at a cost of $3,500. 
The chapel was erected in 1S7X at a cosl of $2,400, and was dedicated January 14. 




GROUP OF CHURCHES. 



H RST BAPTIST CHUR< H 277 

1879. Ii has since been twice enlarged and is an indispensable auxiliar) of the 
church. 

In March. [880, Rev. Edward Bryan, a classmate of Mr. Kellogg, came and 
officiated acceptably till ( Ictober, [882. Various supplies and candidates filled the 
pulpit till the fall of [883, when Rev. Dr. William Aikman was installed as the 
first regular pastor. He officiated ten years, till April 17. [894. On November 
21, [894, Rev. 1-. J. Mundy, D.D., was elected pastor and served till March 
31, [896. lie was never installed as pastor, but withdrew with seventy-four mem- 
bers April _7, [896, and organized the Olivet Presbyterian Church of Atlantic 
City. 

January 20, [897, Rev. Frederick Jonte Stanley, D.D., was elected pastor. 
lie began his labors February 1. [897, and was installed pastor b) the Presbytery 
April 26, [897, becoming the second regular pastor in the twenty-nine '.ens' 
history of the church. 

I In church property is clear oi debl and is valued at $30,000. It has an 
active membership of 253 persons. The scholars, teachers and officers of the 
Sinn lay school number ^14. 

The annual receipts and disbursements by the last reporl amounted to 
$7,685.93, an increase of $1,606.66 over the previous year. 

In November, [898, this church started two mission chapels under the per- 
onal direction of Rev. II. R. Rundall, one in Chelsea and one in the northern 
section > if the cit v. 



jfivst Baptist Cburcb. 

The history of the hirst Baptist Church is a story of consecrated effort and 
abundant success. In February, [880, a few earnest Baptists met one evening in 
the home of Mrs. Jane If Shane, ^j^ Atlantic avenue, and after a good deal of 
discussion concluded that they would at least make an effort to organize a Sunday- 
school, and hold regular services on Sundays and a prayer meeting during thi 
«eel. The thought of organizing as a church had not at that time been ex- 
pressed. 

The Sunday-school was organized in the I 'ennsylvania \. venue School 1 1 on si-, 
wlnre it met for a few months. The school building not answering for preai ing 
purposes, the hall at the corner of Atlantic and Chalfonte avenues, known then 
as Mehler's Hall, was rented. Here, for a few weeks, gathered the faithful found- 
ers of the church. They were not alone in their meetings, for main' visitors to oui 
city found them out and met with them. 

dims encouraged, the subject of organizing a church was talked of. Some 
of the Philadelphia visitors advised it, and a meeting was called for the 29th day 
of June. 1880. At this meeting wire present the following clergymen: Rev. 
R. F. Young, of Haddonfield, who was really the father of the church; L. P. 




GROU = OF CHURCHES 



FIRST BAPTIS1 I lit Ri I ! 279 

Hornberger, George Cooper, C. C. Foote, W. B. Tolan, and J. G. Walker, of 
Philadelphia; T. L. Bailey, of Pottstown, Pa., and \. II. Lung, of Camden. Rev. 
Mr. Young presided, and Rev. Mr. Walker acted as clerk-. 

\i this meeting the church was organized with the following members: J. 
II. Leedom, Mrs. Manic! Leedom, Edward Ross; Mrs. Emma Ross, Mrs. Maggie 
V Peterson, Miss Mary A. Mel lei Virs. Adeline S. Lee, Mrs. Maggie Shinnen, 
hi V W. Baily, Mrs. Jane Black (Shane), Mrs. May A. Borhek, Mrs. Laura A. 
Bewley, Jacob L. Peterson, Rev. T. L. Baily, Mrs. Caroline V. Baily, Miss Susan 
L Baily, Mar) V Simes, Mrs. Esther A. Moore and Mrs. Margarethla ' a ■ i 

At this meeting Jacob II. Lee. I. mi was elected Deacon and Treasurer, and 
Dr. A. VV. Baily, Clerk. During the summer of (88o the church worshipped in 
the Presbyterian I hapel, returning to the hall in the fall. They were without a 
pastor, depending upon supplies from Sabbath to Sabbath, and also without a 
church home, but an active building committee at work. 

In the summer of t88i the Presbyterian (hapel was again secured. During 
the summer of t88i Mrs. Isaac Ford presented to the church the lot on which 
the building now stands, and on the 8th of September ground was broken for the 

foundation. < >n the 29th of the same nth the cornerstone was laid, and during 

the fall the work of erection was pushed along slowly, for the 1 hun h went upon 
the plan of "paying as they went." One of the noted events in this history 
occurred * >ctober 31st of this same year. That day Rev. Sidney Dyer, of Wood- 
bury, w.i eli 1 ti '1 the first pastor, and from thai date to January 1 . [885, he served 
must faithfully, ruder him the building was completed and paid for. In the 
June following his election the building had been pushed forward to the point 
when it could be occupied. It was little more than a barn, though, for there was 
no plaster on the walls and nothing but muslin in the windows. But if ever there 
was a happj congregation it was the one that worshipped for the first time in that 
incompleted building. 

Dr. Dyer was compelled to resign on account of ill health. Under his pas- 
torate the membership increased to fifty-five. 

After three months the church called Rev. William E. Boyle to the pastorate. 
March 4. [885. lie remained pastor until the close of [890. Under his care the 
membership was increased, but no special work was accomplished, except or- 
ganizing the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, the first societ) 
formed in the city. 

Rev. I . I I toss began supplying the church in [891. He was then a -indent. 
In June of that year he became regular supply for four months, at the expiration 
of which time he was elected pastor. Under his care the church has had its 
most successful period. The congregations grew till the building becami too 
small and it was enlarged. There is no debt upon the church, and at the present 
time it is united and harmonious, and has always been so. 

Bethany Baptist Chapel, a flourishing mission, at present located on Atlantic 
near Florida avenue, is the health*, child of this church. 




M. L. MUNSON, M.D. 



EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF THE ASCENSION' 281 

Episcopal dburcfo of tbc ascension. 

A movement to establish all the year round religious ministration.-, gained 
headway among the Episcopalians of Atlantic City during the later Seventies and 
resulted in the purchase of a lot at 2015 Pacific avenue. The late Mrs. E. G. 
Taylor was chiefly instrumental in the erection of a frame chapel, which was 
formally opened by Bishop Scarborough, August 10. [879. Rev. J. Rice Taylor, 
the first rector, began regular services in June. 1 880, which have been maintained 
without intermission ever since. Under his direction, the parish was duly incor- 
porated January .^. 1881, entering legally ami canonically into possession of the 
church property. 

Rev. \\*m. 11. Avery succeeded to the Rectorship in February, [882, and 
continued in charge for some years. 

In 188G. the vestry, seeking a more central and convenient location, bought 
ground at Pacific and Kentucky avenues, and with the advice and consent of the 
canonical authorities removed the frame chapel thither, adding an annex for 
Sunday-school purposes. 

Rev. J. H. Townsend became rector December 1, [891, and laid the corner 
stone of the present edifice April 2", [893, which was completed by the liberal 
offerings of resident and transient worshippers and opened for use May [3, 1894. 

This structure was designed by Mr. Lindley Johnson, is in the Spanish 
Renaissance style, and is a good example of a commodious, yet inexpensive 
hard material building, veil adapted to the varying needs of this population and 
climate. 

J* 

St. ipanl's flD. 25. Cburcb. 

The St. Raul M. E. Church was organized from the small beginning known 
as the Union Sunday School, in ( (ctober, 1879. by Rev. E. < '.. 1 till, presiding elder 
of the Bridgeton district, who appointed John M. Hartley as pastor. 

The following were members of the quarterly conference: J. II. Hartley, 
pastor: Thomas Sovereign, superintendent; Elwoi d M. lladley, local preacher; 
Solomon Mason, exhorter; Obadiah Reel, James Ireland, John Brown, William 
Eldredge and John A. Jeffries. 

The services were held in Union Chapel, corner of Baltic and Michigan 
avenues. Mr. Hartley served as pastor until March. 1881, when Rev. '/.. T. Dugan 
was appointed by the Bishop presiding over the Xew Jersey Conference of that 
year. The Union Chapel soon became too small for the growing congregation 
under Mr. Dugan's pastorate, and it was decided to build a new church. Accord- 
ingly, a lot was purchased at ( Ihio and Arctic avenues, and the church erected. 
The basement story only was completed under the pastorate of Mr. Dugan. who 
served the church faithfully for three years. 

In the spring of 1884, Rev. • ieorge S. Meseroll was appointed pastor. During 




ROBERT E. STEPHANY, ESQ. 



ST. PAUL'S M. E. CHURCH. 283 

the direr years of .Mr. Meseroll's pastorate the audience room was completed and 
the membership increased largely. 

In the spring of 1887 C. K. Fleming was appointed as pastor. I [e served the 
church faithfully and with great success for three years, when Rev. S. S. Weath- 
erby was sent to succeed him. During his three vears the parsonage adjoining 
the old church was built. To Mr. Weatherby is due the credit of suggesting and 
frequently urging' a new church on Pacific avenue. 

Rev. J. Ward Gamble foil. .wed Mr. Weatherby and remained two years in 
the pastorate. He did much to create a sentiment and zeal in favor of a new 
church. At the close of his second year the Central Church of this city was 
organized, when about twenty of the St. Paul members left and joined that. 

In the spring of 1895 Rev. George L. Dobbins was appointed. After nearly 
four years of united and hard toil of pastor and congregation they were able to 
occupy their new stone edifice, which represents an investment of $45,000. 

It is ( iothic architecture. The frontage on Pacific avenue is sixty-five feet 
and the Ohio avenue portion one hundred and twenty feet. The building is of 
Holmesburg granite witli trimmings of Indiana stone. The main entrances are 
nn Pacific avenue, two in number, and both are reached by a high flight of stone 
steps, over which a hood is placed, which adds to the appearance of the structure. 
It was designed by Architect J. Cather Xewsome. and was dedicated Sunday. 
November 20. 1898. 

The Xew Jersey Conference held its annual session in this handsome edifice 
in March, [899. Rev. J. Morgan Reed succeeded Mr. Dubbins as pastor at this 
conference. 

German Presbyterian Cbnrcb. 

The German Presbyterian Church, at Pacific ami Ocean avenues, was built 
in 18S4. The congregation then numbering forty or fifty, had been organized 
two years before. Rev. Arnold W. Fismer, now pastor of the Hopkins Street 
Church, in Brooklyn, X. Y., was the first pastor. The lot, 60 by 120 feet, was 
purchased for $4,000 and the church built for $3,000 before he left, in November, 
1885. The corner stone was laid February 28. 1884. After him came Rev. P. H. 
Schnatz, who labored acceptably four years, till 1800. the membership steadily 
increasing. Rev. H. Hortsch was pastor for a short time after Mr. Schnatz was 
called to the Martha Memorial Church of Xew York City. 

On the fourth Sunday of advent, [891, Rev. A. K. Staiger came to be in 
charge of the little church, where he was installed as pastor June, 1892, and has 
served faithfully up to the present writing. During the pastorate of Mr. Schnatz. 
a portion of the lot was sold for $500 and the mortgage reduced to Si. 500. This 
has been paid off since Mr. Staiger came, the church enlarged, a parsonage added 
at a cost for all of $6,000. There is at present a debt of $3,500 against the property 
which is worth $15,000. The membership of the church has grown to 100 and 
the Sunday School to 1 10 pupils and 12 teachers. There is a very active Ladies' 




JOHN W. WESTCOTT. 



OLIVET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 286 

Aid Society, under the leadership of Mrs. Matilda Stadler, and an excellent choir 
of young voices, under the direction of Robert Kirscht. 

The presenl officers are: President of the Hoard of Elders, Ferd Stadler; 
Secretary, Fmil Werner; August Steuber, Jacob Scherer, I harles Speidel and 
Henry ( (bergfell. 



Olivet Presbyterian Cbnrcb. 

On April 27, [896, seventy-four members of the First Presbyterian Church 
of Atlantic City withdrew from that church, and at their request the Presbyter) 
of West Jersey organized the ( >livet Presbyterian Church, of Atlantic City, and 
installed Rev. F. J. Mundy, D.D., pastor. At the same time three pel ons united 
with the church by letter from other churches. At that time they had neither a 
Bible or a Hymn-book, nor an abiding place. Soon thereafter Odd Fellows' Hall 
was engaged in which to hold services, and the lecture room of the ' let man I 'res 
byterian Church, in which to hold prayer meetings. In the summer of [897 
services were held in the Academ) of Music on the Boardwalk. 

• )n November 6, 1896, the lot at the southeast corner of Pacific and Tenne 
avenues was purchased and the following September members and friends assem- 
bled and hroke ground for the foundation of a new church home. Contributions 
and assistance were liberally made for the handsome stone structure which, on 
Sunday March 2j. and April .}, [898, was duly dedicated 

Following are the names of the charter members of Olivet Presbyterian 
Church: 



MARY II PORTER, 
HANNAH c PORTER, 
ELIZABETH 11 POR1 1 I 
SALLIE D 1 W 1 HING, 
I.IZ/.IH in ISTLE, 
S, MARIE rOHNSON, 
S \RAII A p >II.\S< IN, 
I. II. A R. \V< IODRUFF, 
[ESSIE MAUDE BENDER, 
MALVIN \ TOWNSEND, 
11 ■ ■ 1 I. I ' IWNSEND, 
EVA V. ARMSTRONG, 
HATTIE II. ARMSTRONG, 
GEORGE P. EINWECHTER, 
MRS GEO P u \\\ 1 CHTER, 
GEO l-.IXU ECHTER, Jr., 
ARTHUR KNAUER, 
[OS I. SHANER. 
HELEN I I \IRP, URN, 
rOSEPH R WOODRUFF, 
ll.'IJA C. KEFFER, 
MRS. C. I'. WHITNEY, 
C. B. WHITNEY, 
MARTHA B. I- VIRBAIRN, 
I VMES C FAIRBAIRN, 
HENRY I. F VIRBAIRN, 
NELLIK M LIPPINCOTT, 
(' K LIPPINCOTT, 
MARTHA LIPPINCOTT. 
HELEN II LONG, 
MARY LOGAN REILEY, 



PHILIP G. SMALLWI « ID, 
LULU S. SMALLWOl Hi 
LILLIAN R. MILL] R 
HARRIET \ DONNELLY, 
I LIZ \ A. MESSICK, 
[DA E KNAUER, 
JENNIE S. MALONEY, 
NINA E. SI I \ ■ 
SALLIE I FREEMAN, 
I I.MIMA Mi [NTYRE, 
JAMES M« [NTYRE, 
SARAH X WEIDEMER, 
HENRIETTA EILER, 
BENJIE E BOWMAN, 
VALERIA MARSH. 
C. R. RAITH, D D. S .. 
CORA S RAITH, 
L( ITTIE C. W( )( »DR1 I 1 
MRS F. I MUNDY, 
JOSEPH S. STINSON, 
\\ I I.I.I \M X MILLER, 
EMMA E. BOWMAN, 
MARTHA M. MARSH. 

; 1 I.I.K M. LIPPIXi 'i|i 
SALLIK J. RAITH, 
E \ REILEY, M. D.. 
MIRTH'. R NORRIS, 
MARIAN MUNDY, 
MRS. MARY A WILLI IS. 
HOWARD A. STOC'I 




GEN. ELIAS WRIGHT. 



€arly Church fiistory. 



In [676 Win. Penn and his associate Friends brought 400 families to settle 
in West fersey. Some of these located on lands now included in Atlantic ( ' unity. 
As earl) as 1728 there were three selected places for holding Friends' meetings; 
at Leed's Point, at Absecon and at Somers' Point. 

The old Richard Somers' mansion at the latter place is still standing 
where Friends' meetings were held. Persons -till living can remember the old 
Friends' Meeting House at Bakersville, opposite Central M. E. church. The 
house recentl) occupied by Absalom Higbee at Leeds' Point, since the services 
were discontinued in 1843, was ''"' second and better Friends' Meeting House 
that succeeded the first crude, small building which stood for many years adjacent 
to the present Smithville M. E. church. 

For cme hundred years or more the Quakers predominated in this sparseh 
settled region. Rev. Allen II. Brown, who fur more than forty years has been a 
missionary of Presbyterianism in Smith Jersey ami Atlantic county in particular, 
lias collected much data on the early church history. In the Woodbury Constitu- 
tion of September 3. 1850, he published several columns of early church history 
which gives an excellent idea of the civil and religious life in this section just 
previous to the Revolution. The following are some of the extracts given from the 
journal of .Mr. Philip Y. Fithian, who was licensed t., preach by the Presbytery of 
Philadelphia, November 6, 1774. and who visited "Egg Harbour" (Atlantic 
county 1 in 1 ~~'^. 

"Friday, February 3, 1775. — Early in the morning, in company with Dr. 
Elmer I left Cohansie for Egg Harbour. We arrived at .Mr. Thomas Stites' at 
( ireat Egg Harbour, about 4 1". M. Sermon was appointed lor Sunday at .Mr. 
Champion's (near Tuckahoe), a half brother in the cause. — Sunday 5. Main- 
straggling, impertinent, vociferous swam)) men accompanied me this morning: 
they however, used me with great civility. At 12 began service. There were 
present between forty and fifty persons, who were attentive without any impro- 
priety of behaviour and seemed to have some solemnity. I spoke with great free- 
dom of spirit, yet 1 hope with a real reverence of the universal presence and awful 
majesty of the great God. 

Monday 6. I rode to the Forks at Little Egg Harbor 1 Pleasant Mills) ami 
put up according to direction at Elijah Clark's. Esq. .Mr. Clark is a man of fortune 
and taste. He appears also to be a man of integrity and piety, an Israelite indeed. 
And O Religion, thou hast one warm and unfeigned advocate in good and useful 
Mrs. Clark. 1 had rather have her spirit with the condition of a starving beggar, 
than destitute of it to have the wealth of worlds. She has more than the form. — she 
has the spirit of religion. This peaceful, friendly, heavenlike spirit is breathing 
from her in ever;, sentence. — Wednesday, Februan 8. According to appointment 

(287) 




JAMES C N 



E \U\.\ < in l-< 



289 



I prea< hed in Mr. < lark's little log meeting house. Present aboul forty. I under 
stand the people in this wild and thinlj settled country, are extremely nice and 
difficult to be suited in preaching. One would think thai scarcely any bul a 
clamorous person who has assurani e enough to make a rumpus and bluster in the 
pulpit would have admin rs hi re. It is however, otherwise. The) must have be 
fore they can be entertained good speaking, good sense, sound divinity and neat- 
ness and cleanliness in the person and dress of the preacher. This I found from 
the remarks which everal ol them freel) made upon gentlemen who had formerly 
preached here. Sunday, \2. We had a< the small log hou i a large assembly. 
The day snowy. I preached bul ono Monday, [3. I rode by appointment up to 
Brotherton (neai ^tsion) and preached to Mr. Brainard's Indians. Presenl aboul 
thirty and as many white people." Mr. Fit Man then proceeded to Greenwich and 
returning on tin 21st to Egg Harbour writes tints: 

"Saturday, 25th. Prom thi Porks of Utile Egg Harbour I rode to the sea 
shore to Mr. Price' (latei th< i tati of Gen l noch Doughty), an English young 
gentleman oi fortune and breeding, with a design to preach -till lower down, 
Sunda 16 I preached to a thin assembl) at < edar Bridge meeting house (Black- 
man' meeting house, now /ion \l. E church, neai Bargaintown). At j I'. M. 
I preached at Absecon, at one Mr. Steelman's; a Mill house. Monday, 27. At 




ZION CHURCH. 



11 [ preached at ( lark's Mill meeting housi (neai Port Republic), The assembl) 
very attentive. Here they gave me a dollar Afternoon I returned to the Forks, 
found Mr. and Mrs. Brainard there Sunday, March i_\ Our little meeting 
house almost filled. Most of the people from the furnace, almost ever) one From 
Mr. Clark's little settlement and Mr. Wescott' , ami. blessed be God all seemed 
attentive. I preached twice. Monday, 13. After dinner I rode over to the 
furnace" at Batsto, "and visited friendly and agreeable Mrs. Richards. Toward 

evening with Mr. and Mrs. R and Mrs. I', called to see Mrs. I' where 

we had some useful conversation. In the evening rode from the furnace to tin 
sin^in^ school. We had not however tie great 1 harmony. On our return, at 
la 




W. A. CORSON M.D. 



I \ki.Y CHURCH HISTORY 



291 



my lodgings was pious Mr. Brainard arrived for the serious exercises appointed 
for to-morrow. I sat with him and listened to his pious and useful discourse till 
eleven, when 1 went reluctantl) to bed. Tuesday, [4. \ solemn fast, the daj 
rainy. We have yet a good number. \t Mr, Brainard's request I preached first 
from Lamentations iii. 40, composed for the occa ion. Mr. B, afterwards preachi d 
an excellent discourse on the happiness of a strong and special reliance on the 
merits 1 if the Redeemer. 

I have said that the people here are nice in their taste concerning preaching, 
li is not without reason. The) have had subjects for comparison. Mr. Brainard 
and Mr. (lark enumerated the following gentlemen who had occasionally, and 
some of them very often, preached here as supplies. Messrs. Brainard, rennent, 
Smith, Benj. ( hestnut, Hunter, Spencer, Dr. James Sproat, ( harles l'.ratt\. Win. 
Ramsey, N T ehemiah Greenman, Green, J. (lark, S. ('lark. McKnight, Mc( !racken, 
Mitchell, Watt, Boyd, Gravis, Brockway, Van Vrtsdalen, Hollinshead, McClure, 
Frisbv, Keith, and Andrew Hunter, |r." 




SALEM CHURCH, SMITH'S LANDING. 



Here are the names of twenty-six Presbyterian ministers, besides Mr Fithian, 
who left their (iocks in ( ape Maj . I 'hiladelphia and other places, and travelled long 
distances on horseback that thej mighl seel< and feed the few scattered sheep in 
the wilderness. Mr. Greenman al one time left his congregation at Pilesgrove, 
now Pittsgrove, and spenl six months on the shore and almost made an engage 
ment to settle there. 

What conclusion shall we draw: Did those servants of God, est'eem this 
region more important, or had they an) more of the spirit of self sacrifice than 
their successors, that until recently and with a vasth increased population, the 
existence and situation of these churches were actually unknown to the two 
I 'resbyteries, within, or rather between whose 1m mi id- this Egg Harbour countr; 
is situated. May a double portion of their spirit fall upon us, and ma\ their < lod 
raise up and qualify many to walk in their footsteps. 




HEPPARD H. VAUGHN. 



EARLY CHURCH HISTORY. 

Blackman's Meeting House was mar the village of Bargaintown and about 
ten miles southeast of May's Landing. Ii was built of upright planks. 

The following extracts from a deed recorded in Trenton, Liber \. folio 407, 
408, a copy being certified by James I). VVestcott, Secretary of State, will prove 
the existence of a Presbyterian church and to win mi the property of right belongs : 

"This Indenture, made the nineteenth day of March in the year of our Lord 
one thousand seven hundred and sixty-four, between Andrew Blackman, Cord- 
wainer of Egg Harbor, in the county of Gloucester and Province of New Jersey, 
di" the one party, and Joseph fngersoll, John Scull, Joseph Scull and Return Bab- 
cock, of the aforesaid township, county and province, of the other party, Witnes- 
setli that the said Andrew I'.laekman for and in consideration of the sum of two 
pounds proclamation money, to him in hand paid before the ensealing hereof, by 
Joseph Ingersoll, &c. ,,: hath granted, sold, &c. and confirmed unto 

Joseph tngersoll, John Scull, Joseph Scull and Return Babcock and their succes- 
sors, a certain piece of land situate, lying and being in the township of Egg llar- 




CENTRAL CHURCH AT BAKERSVILIE. 

bor, in the county and province aforesaid, near the head of ! >ole's Brancli, Begin- 
ning at a stake standing in the line of Joseph Dple's and A.twood's, near the 
Branch, thence south twenty-one degrees east fifteen perches to a stake; thence 
south sixty-nine degrees west thirteen perches; thence north twenty-one degrees 
west to Atwood's line, Bounded by Atwood's line north eighty degrees east to the 
place of beginning at Dole's line; containing one acre more or less, together with 
the mines, &c. : * for the erecting, building and standing of a Presbyterian 
Meeting House, for the carrying on of Publick Religious worship for all that shall 
incline to meet and assemble in it: together with a publick Burying yard for the 
interment of the deceased of all denominations, to have and to hold * unto 

the said and to their successors for ever, that shall be chosen and ap- 

pointed by the proprietors of the aforesaid meeting house or their heirs, to the sole 
and only proper use and benefit of maintaining a meeting house and burying yard 
as above mentioned." Andrew Blackman then on behalf of himself and heir-. 



294 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

warrants and guarantees to the above mentioned persons and their successors, to 
defend them and their successors in the "lawful, quiet and peaceable possession of 
the said premises, for the use before mentioned of maintaining a meeting house 
and burying yard as of fee without any let. suit, trouble or molestation whatso- 
ever." lie then signs his name and the receipt for the sum of two pounds pro- 
clamation mone\ . 

Charles Jeffrey Smith. Andrew Blackman, Jr., and Jesse Lewis subscribed 
their names as witnesses, and the affidavit of one of them was taken before John 
Ladd. Esqr., one of his .Majesty's Counsel for the Province of New Jersey. 

Three years afterward. June 2, 17(17. a memorandum was written on the back 
of the deed, explaining the views of the persons named and proving that the house 
had then been erected. — it reads thus: 

We, the within t irantee. having been clmsen Trustees to carry on and 

manage the building of a Presbyterian meeting house upon the lands within 
granted and sold fur that purpose, do hereby acknowledge that the said land and 
meeting house is not our own personal property, but is bought and built by a 
subscription of many persons; neither do we claim any other interest in it but what 
we have in common with all who have subscribed hereto and though the legal title 
is vested in us. yet we hold it only in behalf of our constituents and do promise 
that it shall be kepi as a house of publick worship and the land fur a free Burying 
vard in which all mav have equal privileges with ourselves, without monopolizing 
it or engrossing and applying it to any private use of our own. A memorandum 
whereof we leave on the back of this instrument, that posterity may not be de- 
frauded of their right or mistaken about the intent hereof which is to secure a 
House of Public Worship, as before mentioned. In testimony whereof we have 
hereunto subscribed our names, hands and seals. 

[oseph [ngersoll, John Scull. Joseph Scull. Return X Babcock, John [nger- 
soll, Ebenezer [ngersoll; and Ebenezer Ingersoll as a witness gives his affirmation 
before John Padd. Esqr., one of his Majesty's Counsel for the Province of New 
ferse) 




ZlON CHURCH 



ST NICHOLAS' R. C. CHURCH. 



295 



$t. Hicbolas' (Kburcb. 

O^T. Nicholas Church was built by the Reverend Michael Gallagher, ( ). S. A.. 
(jgj in the year [856, on ground given 1>\ the late Col. Daniel Morris, to the 

(5) < >rder of St. Augustine. Then there were but few Catholic residents on the 
island. In fact, yon might say they consisted of those who went there in 
summer season to wash and be clean. Atlantic City did not then show signs of its 
rapid growth, since then, or those who built wooden shanties on sand dunes and 
eked out a miserable existence by gunning and fishing did not read the signs 
aright, or they would to-day be multi-millionaires. However, it is better to be 
poor and honest, than rich without working for it. 

The Augustinian Fathers came to look after lost or strayed sheep, and found 
,i few such scattered among the sand hills of which there were plenty in those days. 

I he eloquent Dr. Moriarty, < ). S. A., was the first of the Augustinian fathers to 
preach the gospel "I" good tidings to those children of the church. It is said that 
many, not of his flock, were drawn by his matchless eloquence, to listen attentively 
to the saving truths he propounded in the name of the Master. Even on the barren 
sands, the seed thus sown, soon produced fruit, and the little flock began to speak 
of a regular service, a church and a pastor. The Lawlors, the Ouigleys, the Dalvs, 
the Doyles, and the Ale Adams, with others came together in the name of the Lord, 




ST NICHOLAS' CHURCH. 



and pledged their all for a suitable place in which to honor and adore Him. The 
Rev. Michael Gallagher heard their cry, and placed himself at their head and at 
their service, and thus the little gothic chapel of St. Nicholas of Tolentine was 




REV. J. J. FEDIGAV 



ST NICHOLAS' R. C. CHURCH 297 

begun and finished in the year [856. It was modest, but pretty, and dedicated to 
God as the offering of his poor people. It weathered the storms of twenty-five 
years and told "i man) who sought and found consolation there under the direc- 
tion of dear old Father < lallagher, the true friend, the Father of the poor, and the 
I 'Hist of God. Rest to his soul ! He was worth) of heaven, and on earth he is not 
yet forgotten b) the few older people who still remain to Mess his memory. 

With the growth of the city, new demands were made, and more room re- 
quired by the 1 iatholics of Atlantic ( 'ity. The) asked for a resident pastor, stating 
thai the) could support one all the year around. The Rev. John Joseph Fedigan, 
( 1. S. A., then President of Villanova College, Penna., being out of health was 
-.in them to build himself up in health, and to build them up also. Both were 
happily accomplished, and thai. too, in short order, and without tin- slightest 
difficulty, nr differem e of opinion among hi- hi tic congregation. True, there was 
a great veneration for the old chapel and its founder, but it was ton small, and 
-round could not he purchased on either side n* enlarge it. So Father Fedigan, 
yielding to the wishes of tin- people bought a new site on Pacific avenue, moved 
the chape] there and then enlarged it to it- present seating capacity of over one 
thousand people. Later on as the summer season poured its hundreds and thou 
sands of strangers into our city by the sea, it becami neces ar) to fit up the base- 
ment so that another thousand are 1 mmodated there in July and August, and 

it is a reminder to those who think the faith is dying out to -land on the corner of 
1 1 tinessee and Pa< ifii avi nu< - and watch the crowds leaving St. Nicholas < !hurch 
at the nine o'clock mass in the summer season. 

The fine residence adjoining the church is also the work of Father Fedigan, 
and this together with the church represents an outlay of about fift) thousand 
dollars, and paid without anybody feeling that it cost them evi n an 1 fifort, for this 
was one of the man) happ\ faculties Father Fedigan possessed, thai in dealing 
with his people in mone) matters, he never forced, nor even demanded their 
money, but made his appeal to them 50 convincing that they really felt it was 
"better to give than to receive." lie received man-rial assistance from his Pro- 
testanl friends, also, and it seemed as if these vied with their Catholic fellow 
citizens in doing honor 10 the pastor of St. Nicholas' Church. We hut gi 
pression to the public sentiment, when we state that no man in public or private 
walks of life won the heart of all elates as did the Rev. Father Fedigan during 
the eighteen years spent in Atlantic ( ity. The thousands of summer visitors have 
the same stor) to tell at the mention of his name. 

\s the oit \ exti nded southward, the only way it could extend, his watchful eye 
soon saw the necessit) of summer accommodation in that section and hence lie 
purchased a large lot on the corner of California and Atlantic avenues, and erected 
thereon the beautiful and spacious church of St. Monica in [887. lor this work 
the Right Rev. Bishop ( )'Farrell, of Trenton. ,\. J., gave his consent publicly, and 
privately expressed, and the work went on to a finish so marvelous that when the 
church was dedicated man) were surprised to see such a tine church among the 
sand hills, and asked the Father how he could have put so line a building there. 



OUR LADY, STAR ( »F THE SE V, 2D9 

" II i < hills will soon give wa) to houses," he said, "and St. Monica will bless those 
who dwell therein." What was a theor) then is a Fact to-day. 

For more than seven years this church was attended from St. Nicholas, after 
much expense and man) sacrifices made on the part of the Angustinian Fathers; 
until in [893 the Bishop saw fit to take the church and lot adjoining and scud a 
priest of the diocese to be pastor of St. Monica's Church. This did not please 
Father Fedigan, who on account of this tendered his resignation and asked for a 
new field of future labors. It is still remembered how Protestants and Catholics 
alike, upon that occasion, gathered around him, anil begged thai he would not 
leave the city, the scene of his man) labors. In just three years from that time the 
( Innvli of St. Monica was burned to the ground, and two firemen lost their lives 
in 1 he i|< retiring flames. Such is the brief histot j of St. Monica's < Ihurch. 

There are a few other facts worth) of note in regard to St. Nicholas' Church, 
namely, that the iron columns supporting the floor of that church were silenl wil 
nesses of the riots of '44, in Philadelphia, where the) were used in the Second 
Street Market House, All, or nearly all of the prelates of this country have at 
one time or another said mass and preached in St. Nicholas Church, and con- 
sequently have been the guests of the Augustine Fathers. ' tne of these, the late 
Archbishop of Kingston, Canada, preached a fine discourse on the words of St. 
Paul "To live soberly, piously and justly." but sat down to it for just two hours, 
when Father Fedigan, who was in the vestry thought it well to call the attention 
of the eloquent prelate to the length of time already spent in developing Ins triple 
subject, and for this purpose pushed the sliding door of the vestry just enough to 
catch the eye of the Archbishop who quickly said: "Will you be kind enough to 
close that door, I perceive a draft." The door was closed, and the sermon wenl 
<m. Mr. M. T., a merchant who gave six days in the week to business, and only 
an hour on Sundays to the I .■ ml. thought this was too much of a good thing, and 
meeting Father Fedigan during the following week, asked him if thai man was 
g< ling ti ' preach again next Sunday, f< ir if he is I w ant ti 1 gi 1 to an early mass. 

Man) other humorous and interesting stories I have heard from Father 
Fedigan regarding the church in Atlantic City, but it takes Father Fedigan to tell 
them. For abotil fifty years the Augustinian Fathers have been attending to the 
Catholics of Atlantic City and to their efforts, zeal, and labors must be attributed 
the high standing thai church has attained in our midst. Father Fedigan was the 
first resident pastor, coming here in August of 1880 and remaining till July, [898, 
when he was elected by his brethren to preside ovei the province of St. Thomas, of 
\ illanova, with residence at Bryn Mawr, Penna. 

©ur lafcy, Star of tbe Sea. 

In [885 Rev. lather Fedigan purchased the lol at California and Atlantic 
avenues for St. Monica's Unman Catholic 1 'hurch which was erected the following 
year and dedicated b) Rt. Rev. Bishop ( ('Farrell of Trenton. It was in charge of the 
Augustinian Fathers of St. Nicholas' Church till 1894, and was open for service 




1 ■•. .'.:-",. M 



CENTRAL M E CHURCH. 301 

only during fuly and August. Bishop < I'Farrell appointed Rev. 1'. J. Petri as 
resident pastor, who has since been in charge of this church. In [895 the new 
Rectory was built. December 2, [896, the church edifice was destroyed by fire. 
On Easter Monday, April [9, [897, Bishop McFaul laid the corner stone of the 
present edifice when the name was changed to "< >nr Lady, Star of the Sea." Rev. 
Father Leah) of Swedesboro preached the dedicator) sermon. On July [8, 1897, 
the new church was dedicated by the Bishop, solemn pontifical mass being cele 
brated l>\ Bishop Prendergasl of Philadelphia, and the sermon preached by Bishop 
I laid of North Carolina. The new church, furnished, cost $25,000. The cost of 
il tory was $7,500. The lot 175x500 feet is valued at $25,000. 




FRIEN3S' MEETING HOUSE. 

Central IH. €. gburcb. 

Central M. E. Church of this city was the outgrowth of the urgent necessity 
of a Methodist house of worship in the central part of the city, nearer the great 
hotels and the sea. 

The nucleus of the church was formed principally by a considerable number 
of earnest people who came from the hirst M. E. Church. The organization was 
formed by a few men who met first at the residence of Mr. F. A. Souder and 
afterward organized in Pennsylvania avenue school house about the 15th day of 
July, [894. The original members of the official hoard were F. A. Souder. L. A. 
Down, L. C. Albertson, C. B. Young, C. F. W'ahl. Henry Wootton, Peter Corson. 
R. II. [ngersoll, Irving Lee, Smith Conover, James Down. James Conover, Mrs. 
Dr. Munson. Mrs. Thos. Scull. 

The old hotel property known as The Colonnade was purchased in August, 
1894, and the interior fitted up temporarily as a chapel. Here the first Sunday- 




- 



i ILD CHURCH \ I \\ l.\ Mi IUTH 303 

ichool service was held, September 18, 1894, and the firsl sermon preached b 
Rev. 1 ', l\. Fleming, Movembei 24, 1894. I rom thai time till the following 

the pulpif was supplied by various clerg; 1, this arrangement being left with 

a committee appointed for the purpose, Bro. L. A. Down in chai 

In March, 1895, ^ ev ' Wm. M. White was appointed b) tin < onfen < 
lirsi pastor and under his wise administration the ociet; prospered and grew in 
ever) department. The new house of worship, neat, handsomi and 1 apai ious was 
r< 1 ti 'I 'in the site of the old hotel and was dedicated bj Bishop l in June, 1896. 

Rev. Win. M. White died during the conferee 1 • ion al Camden in Vpril, 
[898, and Rev. R. II. Eberhardt, undei who 1 admini tration the church hi 
continued pro perity, both temporal and spiritual, succi eded to the pa torati 

The Socieh originall) numbered 67 al the timi tin in ;l < rmon was preai hed. 
1 1 now numbei ovei 200 and has 240 on its Sundaj chool roll, and has had a 
prosperous histor) under the sup t< ndi m of Mr. F. \. Souder. 

The church propertj is valued al $25,000. \i the (tli anniversary, held De 
cember, 1898, it was shown thai the church had raised for all purpo 1 about 
$j.).i>o(i. I 1m- Ladies' Aid Society, a notable and uccessful organization in the 
church, showed al its annual meeting in December, [898, thai in thai , r ear il had 
raised $1,262. 

Old Church at Weymouth 

In a beautiful oal grove on the high bank of the Greal Egg Harbor river 
stands the neal little church al Weymouth. For nearly a century it has served the 

purposes for which it was erected and in the adji an tin gi 

l"i '-ii ome of them long sinci widely known foi mon than ordinar talent and 
usefulness. Joseph Ball, the Quakei merchant and relative ol Wa hington, was 
one of the owners and founders of Weymouth, when this edifice was erected 
From a recent sketch compiled b) Mrs. < harles R. Colwell and read al thi 91st 
anniversar) the follovn ing ketch i taken 

"The building of the Weymouth Meeting House was begun in 1807 and com 
pleted in [808 al the expense of the Propnetoi - ol Wi ymouth I he time bool - 
show thi carpentei wot I to have been dom b; "Eziel Prickett and hi on," the 
former worl ing three hundred and si 1 ■■ five days al $1.25 and the son three hun- 
dred and sixty-six days at $] per day. The plastering and mason work wa dom 
by ('. Mel ormick, the material and work on the building coming to $3,690,00 
The Weymouth Meeting House was intended as a non-Sectarian pla 
religious meeting more especially for the benefit of employees of Weymouth. 
Both tradition and record show thai il has been chiefly used b) Pri sb; 
terians and Methodists, although servici havi l nducted and ser- 
mons preached b) Episcopalians, Baptists, Dutch Reformed and in February, 
1825, a sermon was preached b) "Miss Miller." presumably a Quakeress. No 
record an acci ible of the occupants of thi pulpit of Weymouth Meeting Housi 
from its completion until 181 3. From 1813 to 1845 the Time Books of Weymouth 
furnish the names of many preachers and dati s of sei 




i^LIET. M.T. 



I ■ NDREW'S I in <■' M 30S 

$t. Andrew's Church. 

St. Andrew's I nglish Evangelical I utheran Church had its inception in a 

service held in Wolsieffer's Hall, June 30, [889. The service was conducted by 

the Re\ Win. ^shmead Schaeffer, D D Iw.m- hum pei 1 inattendance 

an<l after consultation it was agreed to undertake the establishmenl of a con 

! ion. 

A room ua- rented and services begun at the corner of Atlantic and Indiana 
avenues In [890 Philopatrian Hall on New Yorl avenue was purchased, and the 
name changed to St. Andrew's 1 1 all. St. Andrew 's 1 1 all was sold in [892 to J01 
Hood Post, and the present location al I 'acific and Michigan avenue ei ured. 

The corner stone for tin- church was laid June ,x. iXcjj. and tin- edifice was 

1 1 rated Jul) 2, [893, 

Preaching was regularly maintained b) I >r. Schaeffer, assisted b) pastors in 
Philadelphia and students in the theological seminary. In the fall of the same- year 
a call to the pasti irate was extended to Rev. \ >. I .. I 'a- mant, bu( was declim d 

[n the spring ol [894 Rev. J. A. ECunkelman, D. D., was elected pastor, lie 
accepted tin- call, and entered upon his duties April 1. [894. He was the firsl 
settled pastor, and is still in charge of tin- congregation. Tin- growth of tin- con 

ion has been slow lint steady. The Sundaj school i~ in a flourishin n 

dition, and the St. Andrew's Mission League is doing good work. Tin- congrega 
tion has ustained serious losses in the deaths of Mrs. Emily G. Taylor and Mr. 
Henry I.. Elder, who were among its earlii ' and mosl liberal members It has 
also received many evidences of kindl) interesl \ beautiful marble bapti ma! 
font, "I chaste and exquisite design was presented by Mrs. Dr. Win. Ashmead 
Schaeffer. .Mrs. Lewis Steuber had speciall) east and put in the belfrj a 
toned McShane bell; and Mrs. V Ij. Freas gave an eleganl Mellor Pipe < 'rgan, 
which sweetly leads and greatly aids in the beautiful service of thi I hun h Book. 
An eleganl silk robe was presenti d to the pastor by the Ladies' Guild of St. Mark's 
Lutheran < 'lmrcli of I 'hiladelphia, of which he was pastor man) 

The congregation and pastor are in connection with the Ministerium of 
Pennsylvania 1 on ervative in its methods it moves along quietly, fulfilling an 
importanl mission in this wonderful city by the sea. 

Its doors are open, and all residents and visitors are 1110-t cordially invited to 
attend its sei \ ii 



friendship Itt. 6. Church. 

Friendship M. E. Church, near Landisville, X. J., was built in 1808. The 
exact records of its uneventful earl) histor) have been scattered and lost. That 
was a wild and sparsel) settled region at that time before Vineland on the south 
or Hammonton on the north were dreamed of and before an) railroad had 
20 




O. H. CROSS 1 !. M.D.. DECEASED. 



FRIENDSHIP CHURCH. 



307 



built in America. Like the zealous pioneers at Tuckahoe, Weymouth, Batsto and 
Clark's Landing, the settlers in what was then Hamilton township, constructed 
from the primeval forest the very substantial frame edifice, which with the repairs 
anil improvements made in 1853, is acceptably serving the needs of the present 
generation. 

A beautiful oak grove whose welcome shade has refreshed the several genera- 
tions of worshipers of old Friendship church, covers the grounds on the westerly 
side of the building, while an iron fence incloses the cemetery and three sides of 
the building. The history of that neighborhood for a hundred years is suggested 
by the names on tin- tombstones, s.mie of which are the following: 

Andrew Pancoast, died March (>, 1855; Rebecca D. Pancoast, died February 
6, [873; John Pancoast, died February 15, 1S54; W'm. 1!. \ anaman, born Au- 
gust o. [808, died November 10. [868; Marj M. Down, died March 12, [872; John 




FRIENDSHIP CHURCH. 



Down, died May 11, 1872, aged jy years; Charles Down, died March 20, 1866, 
aged ~~ years; Rev. James Down, died June 27, 1850, aged 53 years; Buelah 
Down, died November 29, 1848, aged 44 years; Samuel Down, born May 4. 176'j, 
died September 1 1, 1826; Jane, wife of John Claypool. born January 12, 1799. died 
March [6, [866; John Claypool, died Xovember 28, 1877; J. Ouincy Adams, died 
October 7, 1863, aged 31 years; Susanna, John W., and Archibald Campbell, 
burned to death ( )ctober 26, 1858. 

Friendship church is at present organized as follows: Pastor, Rev. Charles 




i'ALTER C. SCOY, M.D. 



OLD CHURCH AT TUCKAHOE. 3C9 

1 1. Barnes; Trustee, Charles Wray; President, C. A. Gross; Secretary, A. P. Vana- 
iii.'ih; Treasurer, Win. I [owell; J. I lcnr\ Young, Richard C. Cake, W'm. B. Cower. 
Stewards, Charles Wray. A. P. Vanaman, Miss Lizzie R. Gross. Superintendent 
of Sunday-school, A. P. Vanaman. Class Leader, Mahlon Gross. 



first Church at may's Handing. 

The present Methodist Church at May's Landing was I milt in [888, to re- 
place the old-fashioned edifice destroyed by tire which was erected in [848. 
Nearly fort) years previous to that a church was built on or near the same site 
and served the early inhabitants of a wild and rugged country. 

The original >\wd is still in existence and hear-- date of Ma\ jo. iSij. It was 
given by "Richard Westcott, Sr., of Greal Egg Harbour Township," who had 
purchased a tract of one hundred and thirty-five acres of the West fersej pro- 
prietors, when- the village of May's Landing now is. lie gave a lot described as 
consisting of _' roods ami 17 perches, including the church building upon it. to 
seven trustees, part of them Baptists and the rest Methodists, who. with their 
successors ami assigns, should forever allow the church to be used free by Metho- 
dists, Baptists, Presbyterians and Quakers. The first trustees were Elias Smith, 
John Wicks, John Wheaton, Abner Gaskill, Thomas Doughty and John Steelman, 
described as "citizens of Weymouth township." 



Old Church at tuckahoe. 

So far as known, the oldest church in Atlantic County is the old M. E. 
Church at the "Head of the River," in Weymouth Township, about four miles 
westerl) from the village of Tuckahoe. It was built about 1770. 1>\ tin people 
who formed a considerable population in a section now but sparsely settled. 

Old Aetna Furnace near it was a village of some forty families at a time when 
the mining and smelting of hog iron ore was a profitable industry. 

Old Ingersoll, about three miles distant, near what is now Risley, was 
another settlement which contributed to the support of this pioneer church. 

Rev. Benjamin Abbott, a preacher of considerable note in his day. dedicated 
this church, so rudely and substantially built of the best timber which then 
abounded in South Jersey. 

The oldest living inhabitants still remember when pine slab seats served wor- 
shipers, who assembled about the high pulpit, now modernized, which then as now 
commanded a full view of the spacious galleries around three sides of this old- 
fashioned temple of Methodism. 

Services are still held every other Sunday at the Head of the River, by the 
pastor at Tuckahoe, with a prosperous school every Sunday. The membership 



310 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 



includes some twenty-five families. The building has recently been painted and 
renovated by friends and descendants of the "rude forefathers" of these hamlets 
who have been laid to rest in the adjacent cemetery during the past century. 

People from far and near still bury their dead in the adjoining cemetery and 
every fall hold anniversary services there, decorate the graves, recall the sacred 
past and help perpetuate and keep in repair this old church propertv. 

Directly across the road is the site of one of the first Baptist churches in 
South Jersey, long since gone to decay. From the headstones in the adjacent 
cemetery the following inscriptions are taken: 

Jacob Godfrey, died 1864, aged 73 years; Emmeline Godfrey, died March, 
1889, aged 78 years; Solomon Warner, Died 1866, aged 82 years; Mahala Warner, 
died 1876. aged 86; Ebenezer Seeley, died 1848. aged 50 years; Mary Seeley. died 
[876, aged 71 years; John C. Estell, died 1793. aged 46: Peter Corson, died 1793. 
aged 23 years, lie preached the gospel of the Lord, and is gone to his reward. 
John Hogan. died June 4. 1868, aged 77; Catharine Hogan. died August 10. 1870. 
aged 86 vears: John Burley, died December, 1875. aged ~i years; Roxanna Burley, 
died 187Q. aged 69 years; George Champion, died August. 18114. aged 88 years; 
Abigal Champion. ~2 years, died 1888: Nathaniel Steelman, died 1864. aged 64: 
Elizabeth Steelman, born 1808, died 1897; Theophilus W. Weeks, born 1817. died 
18115: Hannah Weeks, born 1810. died 18S2. 




OLD CHURCH AT TUCKAHOE 



Tm Banking Institutions. 



TT^HIS city is well provided with financial institutions. It has three National 
l(iQ banks, two safe deposit and trust companies and half a dozen building and 
j> loan association-. 

The First National Hank was organized March [8, 1881, after several 
months of persistent canvassing on the part of Robert I). Kent, who became the 
first cashier. 

The first Board of Director- were: Joseph A. I'.arstow, John I!. Champion, 
George F. Currie, Charles Evans. Richard H. Turner and Elisha Roberts. The 
officers were: Charles Evans. President, .and Robert D. Kent, Cashier. The bank 
was first opened for business on May 23, 1881, occupying temporarily a room in 
:the Currie Building, near the corner of South Carolina avenue. 

Later the bank moved into the Bartlett Rank Building, which was erected 
especially for the purpose. 

No dividends were declared the first year but semi-annual three per cent, 
dividends were paid thereafter, till now the surplus is three times the invested 
capital of $50,000, and semi-annual dividends of nine per cent, are paid. 

The following are the present officers and directors: Charles Evans, Presi- 
dent; Joseph H. Rorton. Vice-President; George Allen, George W. Crosby, Dr. 
T. K. Reed. J. Haines Lippincott, John B. Champion, Elisha Roberts, Fred 
Hemsley, Francis P. Quigley, Cashier. It will soon occupy its own handsome 
building- on the site of the old Mansion House. 



The Second National Bank was organized December 18, 1886, with a capital 
of $100,000. and began business January 24, 1887, in its own brick and stone 
building at the corner of New York avenue. It has steadily prospered and has 
paid dividends regularly since the second year amounting to $66,000, and accu- 
mulated a surplus of $50,000. The officers and directors are: Geo. F. Currie, 
President; Levi C. Albertson, Vice-President; Robt. B. MacMullin, Cashier; Jos. 
Thompson, Louis Kuehnle, Enoch B. Scull, Israel G. Adams, Jas. H. Mason, 
Samuel K. Marshall, Jos. Scull, Absalom Cordery, E. V. Corson, Lewis Evans, 
Warren Somers. 

^6 

The Atlantic Safe Deposit and Trust Company is located in the same build- 
ing, with a capital of $100,000. It pays interest on deposits, rents boxes in its 
burglar and fire-proof vaults and exercises all the powers and privileges of such 
institutions. The officers and directors are: Geo. F. Currie. I 'resident; Jos. 

(:ill) 



FIVE BANKING INSTITUTIONS. 



Thompson, Vice President; Robert B. MacMullin, Secretan and Treasurer, and 
Thompson & Cole, Solicitors. Levi C. Albertson, Israel G. Adams, Enoch B. 
Scull, Jas. II. Mason, Samuel K. Marshall, John C. Fifield, M. D. Youngman, 
C. L. Cole, Warren Somers and Alfred C. McClellan. 



Tin' L'niim National Bank was organized in August, [890, and opened for 

business < ictober inh of the same year with a capital stork of,$ioo, It also 

occupies its own handsome brick building at the corner of Kentucky avenue. 

The Union Bank has progressed steadily, having acquired a surplus of 
$50,000. 

The officers and directors are: Hon. Allen B. Endicott, President; Smith 
Conover, Vice-President; C. J. Adams, Janus I). Southwiclc, Alfred W. Baily, 
James Flaherty, Thomas J. I )ickerson, Lewis I '. Scott, Lucien ( >. G trson, < hi irge 
W. Jackson. Tin impson Irvin. ( i. Jason Waters and James M. Ails man, ( ashicr. 



The Real Estate and Investment Company of Atlantic City is an organiza- 
tion formed by representative business and professional men and prominent real 
estate holders in Atlantic City, in November, i S< »— , under a liberal charter for 
the purpose of making a profit from the judicious purchase and sale of lands. 
Individual effort along this line even with limited capital has brought fortune to 
many of the citizens of Atlantic City. This company was formed by a number 
of the most successful of these gentlemen, who feel certain that by using the com- 
bined brain and capital at the service of the company large return- must be 
realized. The company was not formed to develop any particular tract or to 
confine its work to any particular section of the city, but to avail itself of every 
desirable opportunity. 

Its capital is $200,000. in shares of $100 each. At the close of its first fiscal 
year a dividend of twenty per cent, was declared and paid in cash. 

The officers of the company are: Carlton Godfrey, President; William A. 
Faunce, Treasurer, and Rodman Corson, Secretary. The Directorate is com- 
posed almost entirely of practical and successful business men who have been 
residents of Atlantic City for years, and who are thoroughly conversant with and 
alive to its needs, and familiar with the opportunities which arise out of its rapid 
and substantial development. The entire Directorate, which was unanimously re- 
elected at the annual meeting, is as follows; 

Clement J. Adams, William A. Bell, George W. Crosby, Rodman Corson, 
Thomas J . Dickerson, George P. Eldredge, William A. Faunce, John J. Gardner, 
Carlton Godfrey, Samuel D. Hoffman. Nelson Ingram, Louis Kuehnle, Arvine II. 
Phillips, Francis 1'. Quigley, J. Byron Rogers, Maurice If Youngman. 



S14 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF Ml WTK' COUNTY 

The Guarantee Trust Company is the youngest banking- institution in this 
city It was organized November 8, and was incorporated November 14. 1899. 
It opened for business Januan 2, [900. and at the end of its first month had de- 
posits amounting nearly to its capital stock. The following are the incorporators, 
directors and officers: Carlton Godfrey, President : Louis Kuelmle. Vice-Presi- 
dent; John J. Gardner, A. 11. Phillips. Wm. A. Faunce, Clifton C. Shinn, O. J. 
Hammell. Hubert Somers. William F. W'ahl. James Parker. Or. Nelson Ingram. 
M. S. McCullough. IV. Wm. M. Pollard. S. R. Morse. George P. Eldredge, 
Henrj W. Leeds. Walter 1". Edge, lames B. Reillev. L. G. Salmon, lleulings 
Lippincott. 




.C-\ A. --issoss 



Great Advance in Real Estate. 

yd" HE increase in the values of real estate in thi citj ha bee arvelous 

\VJ Fift) feel lots fronting on Ulantii avenue, which sold thirty years ago 

* for $500 each, are now sold and held for $5110, $Xno and more per front 

inn!. Ilns is mi land which in the earl) fiftie was purchased bj the 

Camden and Atlantic Land Companj for $17.50 per acre. Land along the beach 

which was considered almost valueless in 1878 is now valued al $1,000 per fool 

fn ml lilt; mi the I '•' i.'U 'dw all. 

When John I „ N oung, in [885, pun hased the old \ ii toi ia 1 inl , al the fool ol 
South Carolina avenue, he paid $6,000 for the rinl< property; $4,500 for three lots 
adjoining, and $10,000 foi everal lots in fronl to low water, He sold one fift) 
In.. 1 l.ii Dii Si. nih Carolina avenue for $12,000, which lefl $8,500 as the nel co 1 
.ii all the rest. Seven years later this property, containing the rink and merr) 

go-round was sold to the S ers Casino Company for $150,000, and in [898 was 

boughl back b) Mi Voting and his associates for $200,000. The lol is [50 feel 
fronl b) 41 1. 1 ii el deep, 

The nlil Chester Count) House propert) on New York avium- was boughl 
l.\ Mr. Young for $65,000 in 1891 or 1892, He sold ofl the hotel section to 
Westminster avenue for $33,000, and disposed ..1 other lots al $100 per fronl fool 
till he gol all his mone) back, leaving him 90 feel of beach fronl clear, worth 
$1,00.) per fronl foot. 

Another luck) purchase was in fronl of the Hotel Lura) al the ocean end of 
Kentuck) avenue. This lol fronting 150 feel on the Boardwalk and extending 
back 200 feet, cosl Mi. Young, in [893, $75,000. John Hagan, -three years before, 
had nil. nil to sell it foi $6,000 Mi.i holding ii threi yeai \h Young sold ii 
in Mi White ol the Lura) for $1 15,000, and il 1 worth $200,000 an) day. 

Another fortunate speculation was at the foot of Maryland avenue. This 
block, 175 feel front by 300 feel deep, was purchased in [892 by Mr. Young for 
$25,000. He sui in sold a pari of ii to [ames Bew for $10,000; a 1 mi her lol was sul.l 
to the Km 1 it Bros, for $16,000; a third lol to Hotel tslesworth inv $12,000, and a 
fourth lot for $4,000; total, $42,000, leaving the corner lot, 75 feel front b) 300 
deep, worth $75,000, which Mr. Young sold to Nicholas Jeffries, in 1898, for 
$mii, 1. 

Aliuni [894, Mr, Young, with four others, purchased at public sale a full 
square of land near the ocean end of Atlantic avenue for $650. Two years later 
the land was sold for $21,000, and in < ictober, 1898, ii was old again foi $63,0 o, 
which is much less than its selling price to day. 

George W. Jackson purchased propert) fronting on the Boardwalk foi 
$4,500. He paid John F. Stan- $20,000 for lands in fronl to the water's edge, 
Aboul fifteen years later Mr. Jackson sold the whole to the Steel Pier Company 
for $150,1 11 10 

(315) 



GRE \ 1 \l>\ \N< I IN REAL ESTATE. 317 

The old * >pera House lot on Atlantic avenue mar Tennessee, 50 by 175 feet 
deep, was purchased in r. 880 by Barcla) Lippincott for $4,000. It was purchased 
to enlarge the Cit) Hall site adjoining, in 1897, for $25,000 I li< Vlensing lot, in 
tin same square, 40 by [ 10 feet, was sold in [867 for $1,100. In March, [874, the 
ECuehnle Hotel property was purchased of William Conover, 1 10 feet on Atlantic 
avenue, for $6,200. 

The lut on which Hotel Shelburne now stands on the westerly side of Mich- 
igan avenue, [50 feet deep and including everything from a point 450 feet from 
Pacific avenue to highwater mark, was purchased by Elisha Roberts, in [874, 
of the Camden and Atlantic Land Company for $1,500. The hotel has been 
moved nearer the ocean and many thousand dollars worth of cottage lots sold 
from tin- original tract. The Shelburne property is probably worth $250,000. 

The ChaJfonte property, which was sold in [898 for $225,000, was purchased 
by George T. DaCosta, in [868, for $6,500. It then bounded ■??<>' j feet on 
Pacific avenue and extended ,}io feet, more or less, to high tide line. It now 

begins some t,5< r 2,000 feet from Pacific avenue, thousands of dollars worth 

of cottage lots having Keen sold off during the past twenty years and the hotel 
mined nearly 2,000 feet nearer the ocean. DaCosta paid only $3,000 for this 
property in 1856, buying it of the land company, I he purchase included the St. 
James Church property and the lot where Dr. Pennington's cottage now stands. 
all together now worth a million dollars. 

A few years ago Mr. Joseph II. Borton, of Motel Dennis, refused $300,000 
for that property. It is probablj valued at $500,000 to-day. It has been known 
to clear over $50,000 in one year. When Mr. Borton purchased the property, 
April 11. [867, he paid William and Susan B. Dennis $12,500 for it. The Dennis 
cottage then stood mar Pacific avenue; and the ocean was not very far away. 

The lot consisted of three 50-foot lots, making 150 feet on Pacific avenue, 
and extending to 'low-water mark." The first lot on the corner Dennis bought 
June 4. [863, of Joseph C. Bye, for $800. The next lot of II. I). Gummer cost 
$150, in [862, and the third of Charles W. Bacon, December i, [862, cost 
I (ennis $364. 

After holding this property four or five years Dennis sold for $12,500, the 
three luts which cost him $1,3-1 (., not including a 40-room boarding house which 
he had built and which is .shown in an illustration. 

I he next 50-foot lot on Pacific avenue or the ocean end of it, beginning 300 
feet from Pacific avenue, Mr. Borton purchased of the Charles X. Piersoll heirs 
December it, r886, for $3,500. This lot from Pacific avenue cost Piersoll $850 
in 1872. 

Mr. Borton has sold cottage kits on Pacific avenue for more than the amount 
of his original purchase. He has enlarged his hotel several times and moved it 
perhaps 1.000 feet nearer the ocean, on land which old ocean has so lavishly 
thrown up at his door during the past 30 years. Fortunate, indeed, were they 
who purchased land to low-water mark 30 years ago. 

In 1886 Lewis A. Haines, of this city, bought sixty feet of beach front on 




WILL'AM G. HOOPES 



GREAT ADVANCE IN REAL ESTATE. 319 

the easterly side of Ocean avenue for $6,000. It extended back from the Board- 
walk over 100 feet and the beach was constantly making out and new boardwalks 
were moved out accordingly. In October, 1897, after eleven years, Air. Haines 
reserved a sixty-foot lot in the rear and sold to Victor Freisinger the remainder 
of the 330 feet on Ocean avenue, which he then had, for $72,000. The property 
has since been sold for $0,0,000, or $1,500 per front foot for hotel purposes. 

Every square foot of space in the city has shared in this great advance in 
value, that along the beach front being especially remarkable. 



( )f the number of buildings in Atlantic ( 'ity, the following list compiled from 
late records of the underwriters' association, gives a very accurate idea: 

Dwellings 4,234 

Stores and I Kwllings 541 

Stores 155 

I [otels and I '.1 larding I touses 422 

Stables 584 

Shops 67 

Storage 1 1 1 >uses 36 

Boat Houses 35 

hire Engine Houses 8 

Schools (Public ) 7 

Churches 32 

Along the Boardwalk 250 

Railroad Depots 3 

( Icean I 'iers 3 

Total i '-?,77 

In 1872. twenty-seven years ago, John Trenwith purchased three squares of 
sandhills, Xos. 21, 22 and 23, just below the Excursion House, between Raleigh 
and Columbia avenues, for $900. Twenty-three years later, in 1895, Trenwith 
sold his three squares to four gentlemen in this city, A. B. Endicott, I. G. Adams, 
C. J. Adams and Samuel Bell, for $35,000. After holding the land four years, this 
syndicate, in April 1899, sold two of the blocks at $20,000 each, and in August 
sold the third block, the one fronting on the ocean, for $25,000. The purchaser 
refused $62,000 for this square in November, asking $75,000 for the block which 
cost him $25,000 four months before. He could pay President McKinley one 
year's salary on the profits of his beach front sandhills in so short a time. This 
land was purchased for five dollars per acre soon after the first railroad came to 
this island. 




'•■-; '•' £ -::-£- 



GRE VI" ADVANCE IX REAL EST VI 1 



Ubc HUen Blocfe. 

Numerous handsome and substantial business blocks have been erected 
along Atlantic avenue the past few years, like the banks, the Elks building, the 
( urrie block and Nassano building. Frame structures are no longer warranted 
nor permitted. One of the newest and most attractive of these brick and iron 
buildings, significant of the growth and prosperity of the town, is the new mil- 
linery store and apartment house of Mr. George Allen, at the corner of Virginia 
and Atlantic avenues. 




NEW STORE AND FLATS OF GEORGE ALLEN. 



This fine building with all latest facilities fur heating, lighting, living, and 
business purposes, is shown herewith. \ isitors pronounce it tin- completest ami 
best stocked millinery, notion and gents' furnishing store in the State. .Mr. 
Allen first opened a store in this city in [879, and lias been constantly enlarging 
and improving to meet the demands of trade ever since. At [214 Chestnut street 
he has the largest store in Philadelphia, devoted almost exclusively to milliner) 
goods. It is five stories high, 2$ feet front by 2$$ feet deep, and employs about 
22^ hands in manufacturing and selling good.-. The business is of such a grade 
and character that a greater portion of the stock has to be imported from Europe. 
I In- Atlantic City store is a revelation to strangers who come here too little ap- 
preciating the enterprise of our leading business men. 
21 



322 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

36acbaracb £ Son?. 

Two leading- clothing and gents' furnishing' stores in this city are conducted 
by Messrs. Bacharach & Sons. They were founded in 1871 . by the senior member 
oi the firm, for summer business only. In 188 1 the store at 931 Atlantic avenue 
was enlarged and kept open permanently, and in 1891, Isaac Bacharach. one of 
the sons, taken into the firm. The business prospered beyond expectations, wide- 
awake enterprise meeting with popular appreciation. In March. 1802. a larger 
store was occupied at tOjS Atlantic avenue, next to Tower Hall shoe store. In 
September. 1805. another still larger store was opened at 1420 Atlantic avenue, 
and both stores were conducted with characteristic enterprise. The last advance 
of this enterprising firm was in opening their present fine store at the corner of 
Xew York avenue, on March 14. 1808. The firm now includes the three brothers. 
Benjamin, Isaac and Harry, who. with a large force of salesmen in their two 
stores, do a surprisingly large business every month in the year. These gentle- 
men are also largely interested in real estate and other local enterprises which 
share the success of the town. 



tw*mmf' mmmu * m ?*Q i r ' 




DENMS COTTAGc. 



VII. ANTIC CITY PRESS. 323 

Hbc Bail? "anion. 

Mi. Daily Union is the only evening newspaper in Atlantic City. It was 
first printed September ,^, [888, ami has been published continuously since. It is 
second to none in advocating measures fur the host interests of the cits, and aims 
to Ik- fair, generous and just towards all. It is published in connection with a 
first-class job printing office, where booklets, cards, legal blanks, and all kinds of 
mercantile printing is done in popular styles at popular prices 1>\ the Daily Union 
Printing Company, John P. I [all, editor and manager. 



Qbc Htlantic "Review. 

The Atlantic Review, daily and weekly, was first established in 1872, by A. I. 
English, and was Atlantic City's first newspaper. It became the property of 
John G. Shreve and A. AI. ileston, March 8, 1KN4, and after several years of 
joint proprietorship, during which ii prospered, became the property of Mr. 
Shreve, by whom it is still published. The Review was an early school for jour- 
nalism of many men now prominent in this connection in other cities, and while 
never aspiring to anj great heights — owing to the proximity of Philadelphia and 
the facilities of bringing the journals of that city here in the early morning — and 
its management has only desired that it meet the demand for a reliable and pop 
ular home newspaper. To this end the Review has been improved greatly of 
late years, and now possesses a brick publication office at 906 Atlantic avenue, 
and an excellent mechanical department, including typesetting machines and all 
other up-to-date essentials. 

The Review has always championed any improvements for the betterment of 
the resort, and has always endeavored to do what it cottld to increase the popu- 
larity of the City by the Sea, the growth of which — from a small, little-known 
watering place on the coast of New Jersey, in 1872, to a grand seashore metropolis, 
the greatest pleasure resort in the country, in igoo — it has witnessed with great 
pride and satisfaction. 



XEbc XTimes^Bcmocrat anD 5tar=(5a.$ette. 

The Times-Democrat and Star-Gazette is a combination of four newspapers. 
The Democrat was first printed at Absecon, in 1861. The Times was first pub- 
lished by Gen. Joseph Barbiere, at Hammonton, in 1877, till it was brought to 
Atlantic City in the interest of the Narrow Gauge railroad the following year, and 
purchased by the present owner in August, 1879. The Star originated in Mays 
Landing, and the ( lazette in Egg Harbor City, finally reaching their present 
hyphenated group in Atlantic City, forming the leading weekly newspaper of 
Atlantic County. The paper is conducted chiefly by Air. Ernest Beyer, and owned 
by the Daily Union Printing Company, of which John P. Hall is manager and 
principal owner. 




L. M. CRE5SE. 



ATLANTIC i MY PRESS. 325 

atlantfc Ctt\? H>ail\? press. 

Five years ago, realizing the opening for a progressive, clean daily newspaper, 
the Atlantic City Dail) Press was started b) its present owner and proprietor, 
Walter E. Edge. 

Mr. Edge had previousl) for a short season published a distinctly hotel paper 
known as the Atlantic < ity Dail) Guest, which from a financial standpoint was 
one of the most successful publications ever issued in Atlantic ( ity. I his encour- 
aged Mr. Edge to the work of conducting an all the year daily newspaper, and the 
Daily Press has occupied a position in the city which has been the natural pride 
to its publisher and his friends. 

The Daily Press has been conservative yet at all times advanced the best 
interests of Atlantic City as a popular all the war resort. It is Republican in 
politics hut its policy has never Keen offensive in a political direction. 

Its publisher has been interested in all matters relating to the welfare of 
Atlantic City, contributing to a considerable extent from a newspaper standpoint, 
to the advancement of the resort, besides occupying various positions of trust 
and confidence in the city's social, municipal and financial world. 



Hbe Htlanttc City jfreie presse. 

The Atlantic ('ity Freie Presse (German) was first published in Septembei 
1889, by P. J. Dalborn. In [891, Mr. I arl Voelker purchased the property and 
has since conducted it in the interesl of the German-American citizens. He has 
been greatly assisted in his literary work by Mrs. Voelker, a highly educated 
woman. The Freie Presse is Democratic in politics, and wields a large influenci 
among the German element of this city and county. Its circulation extends be- 
yond the State anion- friends of Atlantic (ity. in Pittsburg, New York. Buffalo, 
Philadelphia, Cleveland ami Washington, I'. C. 



TLhc Sunc-ay Ga.sette. 

The Sunday Gazette, the only Sunday newspaper in Atlantic County, has 
keen edited and published by William J. McLaughlin since [891. It is Repub- 
lican in politics and .^ives special attentii m to si » ial events and 51 n it ty affairs. 



persistent publicity. 

In the history of this county, dwelling upon the remarkable and rapid growth 
of Atlantic City, a few words as to the notable result-, obtained through the 
judicious ice of newspapers bj leading business men of the city would perhap 
he well in place. There have been man) instances of success in advertising but 



S3 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

i: remained for Atlantic City to demonstrate to the world at large that it w.is 

5$ le, through a combination of natural attractions and an expenditure of a 

few thousands of dollars, to distinguish Atlantic City from a popular summer 

to unquestionable the best and m - ably known all-the-year resort 

in the world. 

Ten years ago to have suggested to the tourists of large Eastern cities that 

in a few ...:- Atlantic City would offer them attractions for a Winter sojourn 

rnia, would have seemed ridiculous in the extreme. 

Situated on an island, on what would be - s to be the bleak North Atlantic 

- with no particular beauties of nature or tropical surroundings, i: 

i \ en the most enthusiastic citizen would have questioned before 
attempting. 

The leading hotel men of the city, however, supported by the business element 
and municipal government, undertook this proposition but first a: an acknowl- 
edg ss keeping their hotels open throughout the winter, following this by 

continual and effective newspaper advertising in all sections of the country, 
sending - nal representatives of the city to interest the railroad companies 

and prospective tourists in the resort, providing - ns and attractions 

for them. The progress was exce< g - several years in the early 

nineties it seemed that a paying winter business was almost impossible. Tl - 
however, made the siness man all the more determined to si 

and more strenuous efforts were put forth during the past five years in tl 
of increase advertis g : iations, increased railroad facilities, ina 

popular attractions in the city, and increas< es The results have 

been that to-day Atlantic City is enjoying two distinct and pi i seasons, 

while Asbury Park. Cape May and other neighbor with env} and are 

compelled to work long and arduously to enjoy one. 

At this time, the success of Atlantic City as an all-the-year res r: - assured. 
It is t':\ - rt in America that can attract tour - - seasons in the year: 

it is tl-. - rt in America that has a combination of business men w 

s< that Atlantic City may continue in this < - Con- 

_ re as the city has in the past, it is a question of but a very short 

time when we reach the position as the popular all-the-year health and pleasure 
resort so far removed from any p. — . succ — petition that to be a 

• of this progressive city will be a mattei all. 

This - • of what newspaper publicity wil 

ith perseverance, enterprise and skill. 

WALTER E. EDGE. 



OUR ' II Y HOSPH V] 327 

©ur ctt\? fjospital. 

fill', first attempl to provide a hospital in this city was made a dozen peai 
or so ago when one of the rooms in the old I itj Hall was set apart foi 
emergency cases, tn 1891 or [892 the ladies and others interested effected an 
organization and held receptions at the Mansion and United States holds and 
raised the first hospital fund, about $1,100. Later when this money with the 
intnvsi amounted to $i ,253, it was turned over as a free bed fund to Superintend 
cm Rochford, of the Sanitorium Association, who under a contract with < ity 
I ouncil was dotog the hospital worl of thi cit; B) means of progressive euchre 
parties, an Acadent) concert and other schemes promoted by Mr. Rochford, this 
fund finall) ami tunted to $3,1 n » \ 

For five years the hospital work was done at the Sanitorium under contract 
with council or the- hoard of governors at an expense as follows: 

[894. Paid for rent, $500; 42 wi eks at $5, $210.25. Total, $710.25. 

[895. Paid for rent, $900; 44 weeks at $5, $224.25. dotal. $1, 124.25. 

[896. Paid for rent, $1,200; 1 k> weeks at $5, $583.65. Total, $1,783.65. 

[897. Paid foi rent, $1,200; 248 weeks, 1 day, at $5, $1,241. Total, $2,441. 

[898. Paid for rent, $1,100; [57 weeks at $7, $1,101. Total, $2,201. 

Total for five years, $8,260.15. 

I he first year the work was done at the < !arrolton on New York avenue, and 
the four years following at the Sanitorium at Pacific and Alt. \ ernon avenues. It 
was at tin- latter place that those injured in the Baltii avi me < .1 ino 1 rash during 
the Elks convention, July 5, 1895, were cared for. Also the sixty odd persons 
injured in the meadow railroad accident July 30, 1896. 

I luring these five years the ci't) was favored in having ample hospital facilities 
hut the rates were so lovt that tiny were provided at a loss and disadvantage to the 

Sanitorium Association. 

1 »n I'eln 11.11 j 12, [897, a meeting of representativi citizen wa called by Mr. 
Rochford at the Sanitorium to organize a hospital assoi iation. The result .1 ■< 
regular incorporated body and the selection of the following board of governors, 
except that Mr. C. J. Adams has succeeded William G. Hoopes, deceased. Presi 
dent, Franklin P. Stoy; secretary, A. M. Heston; trea him Lewis Evans; Chas. 
Evans, Stewart R. McShea, Louis Kuchnlc, James I). Southwick, Harry S. Scull, 
J Leonard Baier, M. A. Devine, II. II. Deakyne, M. V. B. Scull. Isaac Bacharach, 
J. F. Mall. 

Tlie certificate of incorporation hears the date of \pril 9, [897, when the con- 
stitution and by laws were adopted and a permanent organization effected which 
has since continued. In September of that year council appropriated $2,500 for 
hospital expenses and placed that sum at tie- discretion of tin- hoard of governors. 
The next year the appropriation was $4,000, tin- I [enry J. White property on south 
Ohio avenue having been purchased and the building enlarged and renovated 
at an expense of $3,000 for hospital purposes. The building contained twelve good 
rooms, the lot 100 x 175 feet and the price paid $16,000. 




MRS. BOICE. 




PETER BOICE. 



our cm 1 1 ■ . i • 1 1 ■ i 



328 



Mr. Charles Evans, of the Seaside, was the firsl pei son to donate $1,000 i a h 
which was applied to the pun hasi mo 

The Woman's Auxiliary organized November 27, 1897, and contributed 
several hundred dollars worth of furniture- ami furnishings. Individual memb< 1 
furnished rooms and contributed supplies. This organization consists of Mrs. J. 
F. Hall, president; Mesdames J. I). Southwick, II. S. Scull and Sarah \V. I 
vice presidents; Mrs. John Glover Shreve, secretary ; Mrs. Carl Voelker, fin: 
secretary; Mrs. M. K. Devine, trea urer, and nearl; one hundred other ladi< 

In April. 1899, Miss Elizabeth < Boice, 'if Absecon, 1 pn ed a desin to 
erecl .1 Inn I. annex to the Hospital as a memorial to her father, the lati Hem 
Boici The board of governors greatl) appreciated her generou offer and 




CITY HOSFITA 



Secretary Hesti n and others disi ussed plans and suggestions with Mi 

reported from time to time to the board Architect Harold F. Ulams prepared 

plans and estimates which were finally approved. 

On Thanksgiving Day, [899, at a publii reception in this handsome bricl 
building, which cost slightly more than $10,000, Mrs. Elizabeth Moursi nei 
in a very appropriate and pleasing ad dn - formal!) presented the keys and e& 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

to President Stoy, that the institution might ever be as intended, a memorial to 
her father. One of the rooms was designated as a memorial to her mother. Mrs. 
Kate M. Boice. 

Several other generous friends furnished rooms and Mrs. Peter V. Brown 
gave $5,000 cash to endow a room as a memorial to her late husband who died in 
this city. 

The development and progress of this institution has been very gratifying. It 
is in constant need of funds and supplies to meet expenses which are nearlv $100 
per week and to liquidate the mortgage of $ 1 6,000 against the property. Plans 
have been discussed for a large central building where visiting invalids, pay 
patients, could be properly cared for and the institution made more nearlv self- 
supporting'. 



Boare of Dealtb. 

rLANTIC CITY for twenty years has been fortunate in having an efficient 
Poard of Health, pioneers in establishing new rules and regulations for a 
health resort, vigorously seeking to keep down and out all contagious 
. hseases and strictly maintaining proper sanitary conditions. The grading of low- 
lots, disposal of garbage and other tilth were at tirst serious problems. It required 
years of study and experiment to secure not only efficient sewerage, but a garbage 
crematory, where tons oi waste may be daily disposed of at minimum cost. 

Among the early members of the health board were: Dr. Boardman Reed, 
Dr. P. B. Lippincott, Dr. J. 1. Comfort, Thomas McGuire, George Mayday. Sr.. 
Mahlon C. Frambes, Joseph 11. Borton, John P. Bryant. Among the later mem- 
bers were Edward S. Pee. Win. <.i. Hoopes, Harry S. Scull. Win. B. Louden- 
slager, Pr. A. W. Baily, Elwood John son. Thos. McDevitt, Dr. M. D.Youngman, 
and others who have done much to preserve prime sanitary conditions and make 
it easier these days to dispose oi all - gi cat advantage. Low lots have dist- 

appeared, garbage is gathered daily and destroyed by tire in a costly crematory, 
and a house to house canvass of the city at frequent intervals is a safeguard cfl 
the prompt abatement of all nuisances. 

The remarkable growth and popularity of the city have largely resulted from 
the good work done bv the Board of Health. 



Counts fOebical Society. 

The Atlantic County Medical Society was organized in 1880 by Pr. Job 
Somers of Linwood; Drs. Madden and Waters of Ahsecon: Pr. Boyson ^i Egg 
Harbor: Prs. Abbott and lngerso'.l of May's Landing, and Prs. Willard Wright 
and Boardman Reed of Atlantic City. Pr. Somers was elected President, Pr. 
Theo. Boysen, Secretarj and Pr. Madden. Treasurer. Pr. T. K. Reed was 
d as the tirst essayist of the Society. At the close of Pr. Job Somers" term 
of office he read a very interesting paper on the medical history of the county 
from the earliest colonial days. 



THE VTLANTK CITY HOMOEOPATHIC CLUB 831 

The Society continued to prosper. It mel in the old City Hall in this city. 
Many able men from Philadelphia and other cities addressed the Society from timi 
to time. I luring the year of [897 a local medical society, the "Academy of Mejli 
cirie," was organized, taking the place in pari of the county society. 

Ubc atlanttc Cit? ftomoeopatbic Club. 

N the evening of May 17, [897, in response to an invitation sent to all the 
homoeopathic physicians of Atlantic County, there mel al the office of 
Dr. M. D, Youngman, the following physicians: Drs. Bull, Bieling, 
Balliet, Baily, Crosby, Corson, Fleming, Redman and Sooy, of Atlantic 
City; and Gardiner, of \.bsecon; and aftei discussion^ unanimously determined 
to band themselves into a club for the advancement of Homoeopathy and the 
mutual advantage of each member. A constitution was adopted, name selected, 
and the following officers elected to serv< until the annual meeting in January: 
President, John R, Fleming; Secretary, John L. Redman ; Treasurer, L. D. Balliet. 

The club holds 11- meetings monthly, except during the months of July and 
August, at the houses of the various members, at which meetings papers an n ad 
and discussed, cases arc reported, and prevailing diseases and their treatment 
brought to the notice of the memb 1 

Since the organization of the club Drs. Mary Miller, Lydia H. Cromwell and 
Alfred W. Westney have been elected to membership, and Drs. Redman. Bull and 
Beiling have lust their membership, having removed from the city. Dr. Gardiner 
has changed his location from Vbsecon to Atlantic City. 

\t the annual meeting of January, [898, Dr. Fleming was reelected Presi- 
dent, and Dr. Balliet was re-ele ted [Treasurer, Dr. ( iorson being elected Secretary . 
In [899, at the annual meeting, all the old officers were re-elected, and Dr. < rom 
well elected Assistant Secretary. 

In April. [897, just one month after the organization of the club, Drs. Baily, 
Bull, Fleming, < rosby, Munson and Youngman were appointed a committee to 
attend the mi eting of the American Institute of Homoeopathy at Buffalo in June, 
.and invite that body to meet in Atlantic City in [898. The committee did their 
work, secured a club room at the Genesee Hotel, which they decorated, and had 
the pleasure of seeing many of the Institute members in their room. But the 
Institute pleaded a previous engagement and went to Omaha. To the Omaha 
meeting the club sent another invitation, which was unanimously accepted, and 
in June, [899, the club had the pleasure < <i entertaining the Institute in Atlantic 
City. 

'The club now numbers twelve members, and has at it- monthly meeting 
.an average attendance of ten. Of the members, Drs. Fleming, Baily, Balliet, 
Munson, Sooy, Corson, Gardiner and Westney an graduates of Hahnemann 
.Medical College of Philadelphia; Drs. Crosby and Youngman of the New York 
Homoeopathic Medical I ollege; Dr. Cromwell of Hahnemann Medical Col- 
lege of Chicago; and Dr. Miller of New York .Medical College and Hospital for 
Women. 



THE Mi IRRIS GU \.RDS 133 

Zhc /lOorrii? ©narfcg. 

Seventy-two young men responded to a circular call for a meeting, held in 
the parlor of VTalatesta's hotel on Saturday, March i_\ [887, to consider the 
organization of a social militarj company which has since hern known as the 
Morris Guards. The call for the meeting was senl out and signed by Edwin 
Smith, Jr., and Russell G. Bing 1 . \.t a s ubsequent meeting held on March [8, [887, 
these civil officers were elected: President, las. S. Beckwith ; Vice-President, < reo. 
\\ Connely; Secretary, R. < \. Bing; Assistanl Secretary, W. A. Hamman; Treas 
urer, Fred. P. Currie; and the following officers in the military department: 
Captain, Ed. Smith, [r.; hirst Lieutenant, Russell G. Bing, and Second Lieutenant, 
Fred. P. Currie, beside five Sergeants and eight Corporals in the non-commis- 
sioned class. 

Tin- names of the boys who st 1 shoulder to shoulder in this manly endeavor 

to maintain an organization for the purpose of securing military training and pro 
moting social intercourse: Joseph i.. Shaner, Dahlgren Albertson, Frank Keates, 
II R. Albertson, John P. Tompkins, Alfred II. Turner, C. W. Bolte, L. S. Con 
over, Clifton C. Shinn, S. C. Hinkle, W. J. Middleton, liar., id F. Adams. James 
S. Beckwith, William G. Bullock, C. W. Borden, Thomas Brady, Jr., Robert 
Brady, W. S. Clarkson, Edward Evans, A. S. Faunce, I'. G. France, Ftank Glenn, 
E vain J. Hackney, Wm. A. Hutchinson, John J. Harkins, H.J. frvin, Joel Leeds, 
I \|, [lvaine, l has. T. Murphy, ('has. W. I tat, Joseph ( Ibert, Lewis L. Rose, 
C. Sumner Reed, E. E. Richer, John S. Westcott, E. C. Miami-. II. I). Turner, 
S. S. Vansant, Silas Wbotton, William II. Burkard, Harry Powell, A. P. Johnson, 
1 !larence Myers, besides the officers named above. 

Tin- company, which was greatly augmented from time to time, undei the 
skillful guidance of Captain Edwin Smith, an old State Fencible man, rapidly 
acquired the foot movements utilizing small halls and, in fair w rather, the streel . 
as their training grounds. In May, 1887, the first fair was held and with it came 
the first uniforms, tlu fatigue. < (n Ma\ 1 1. [887, the company was legally incor- 
porated. I n 1 tctober following the Compan) purchased their rifles, the < lovernor 
having vetoed the bill passed h\ the I .egislature an tin irizing a loan of arms. 

About this time Colonel Daniel Munis, who had from the very start of the 
organization materially, aided it. started to erect the Armory building <in New 
i'ork avenue where the company has been quartered to this day. It was first 
occupied for military purposes on the evening of Januarj 26, [888, and has been 
the scene of many distinguished gatherings, elaborate functions and merry socials 

In an incredibly short time the Guardsmen became verj proficient in mania, 
movements and the use of the rifle and , ,11 main occasions in succeeding years and 
to this time, have proved their superiorit) as a well drilled body of men. Their 
"exhibition drill squad" has always been a synonym for discipline and skill in 
soldierl) maneuver and. although frequently under the critical gaze of some high 
military persi mage, promptness and precisii in have never been missing. 

After the company had Keen instituted some four or five years there was an 




COL. DANIEL MORRIS. 



I III-. \l< IRRIS GUARDS. 335 

in fusii m of newer blood in the ranks and energetic, will ins; ham Is took up the work 
uf the pioneers. The latter never failing in their loyalty, and the former ever 
anxious to accept the promising future ahead. Upon Capt. Smith's resignation, 
Harold F. Adams, then a Lieutenant, became Captain. After a brief period of 
practical usefulness he, too, resigned and Lieutenant Lewis T. Bryant was pro- 
mdted to the command of the < Iuards, the duties of which office he has so faithfully 
and successfully performed. 

Captain Bryant is a graduate of the Pennsylvania Military Academy and com- 
bines a kindly, courteous disposition with a thorough knowledge of military 
science and the details of discipline. < Ither changes took place in the course of 
time. Upon Capt. Bryant's promotion, Robert E. Stephany was elevated to the 
First Lieutenancy. In the earlier days Dr. Eugene L. Reed was made Assistant 
Surgeon with rank of hirst Lieutenant. 

Iii the line of Second Lieutenants, William II. Bartlett succeeded Fred. I'. 
Currie resigned, and upon his resignation, Robert II. Inverse ill, Lsq., was elected. 
Vfterward Lieutenant tngersol! resigned and C. Stanley Grove, was elected and 
served in a most acceptable manner as the 'deader of the Second platoon." 

( If late years many substantial and decorative improvements have keen made 
in the ^rmorj and to day it stands as a model home of a meritorious organization. 
Militan details, while strictly adhered to, are not permitted to crowd oul the sunny 
side of life and in i his splendidly equipped building the Munis ( iuards have, by a 
long scries of brilliant social affairs, earned for themselves, and justly too, the 
reputation of being premier entertainers. The active members are assisted b) the 
life and contributing members on these occasions and, from Early Fall until Sum- 
mer (nines again, the armor) resounds with social merriment and pleasure reigns 
supreme. In their business affairs the < iuards are well governed and their person- 
nel is that i if the besl young element in the city. 

Providence has smiled graciously on the members and their undertakings. 
I ke doleful notes of "taps" have sounded but three times in the active ranks nut- 
side i if their annual encampment. Th< ise three w hi I have gi me beyi mil came from 
the charter members- the} were, Hutchinson, Beckwith and Glenn. 

Athletics have a warm place in the < iuardsman's heart and their splendid array 
of apparatus, combined with the health giving effects of the yearly encampment, 
serves to keep them in good physical shape. 

There is little lacking in any way in this bod) of men and for what they have 
achieved an appreciative public will surely wish them renewed successes. 

In looking backward a decade and more one cannot fail to see what grand 
liberality, aided by energetic, ambitious work, will achieve. 

In other years the company had minstrel "shows," as they were termed, which 
netted some cum of the realm as well as vast amusement for both the public and 
participants and notable among these events was the performance of the (iuards 
.Minstrels, soon after the horrible Johnstown disaster, for the benefit of the suffer- 
ers. The ' 'Id ( Ipera 1 louse on Atlantic avenue was the place where they appeared, 
and a crowded house greeted tin- players. • >vr six hundred dollars were netted 
for the cause of humanity. 




N - RSOLL, ESQ. 



I lir MORRIS GUARDS 337 

After thai memorable evening there was a cessation of minstrels) among the 
Guards for several years when a ver) elaborate performance was given in the 
Vrmory. Extensive preparatii ms had been made for another which was prevented 
b) the destruction of the place b) fire Februarj 7. 1898. The) however decided to 
enlarge the stage in the \.rmor) which the) 'litl and gave the entertainmenl 
successfully. 

When President McKinle) issued his first call for troops in the war with 
Spain a number of members of the Morris Guards were anxious to enter the 
service, bul Governor Voorhees decided that preference should be given to the 
National Guards in making up the quota of troops for service. Assurances were 
given that in case oi a second call the Guards should receive reci ignition. 

Acting mi this suggestion, a meeting was held at the Armory on the evening 
of June 20, 1898, and officers elected. Ten days later, on June 30, an official call 
for another regiment of volunteers was issued b) 1 lovernor \ oorhees. The same 
night a meeting of the Morris Guards Volunteers was held at the Armory and a 
number of members signed the enlistment roll. The next da) the company was 
officiall) accepted. Drills were begun July 5 and held ever) nighl thereafter until 
ihr Compan) left for the front. The recruits, 1 [3 in number, were examined Jul) 
8, and 91 accepted the best record in the State 

The volunteers wire tendered a public reception on the new steel pier, pre- 
ceded by a banquet at the Hotel Dennis, on the evening of July 11. The pier was 
crowded, hundreds of representative citizens being present, The next day, Tues- 
day, July 1 j, [898, the Company departed For Camp Voorhees, Sea *iirt. \. J., 
When the men assembled at the Armory, 1 Ji 1 strong, ever) one was taken b) the 
hand b) Col. I 'an i el Morris, the patron of the Guards, and wished God speed and 
a safe return. The boys were escorted to the nam by the G. A. R. veterans and 
other organizations. There were stirring and dramatic scenes at the railroad 
Station, and many eyes were dimmed with tears as the train rolled away, amid the 
cheers of the assembled multitude, bearing the volunteers to the defense of their 
ci nmtrv's In mi >r. 

The Compan) was sworn into the United States service July 14, [898. The) 
remained in cam]) at Sea < rirt till ( (ctober 8th, when they were transferred to ( amp 
\leade. near Gettysburg, Pa., where they remained nil November [2th. They 
arrived in Camp Wethcrill, at Greenville, S. C, November [3th, and remained 
tin-re till they were mustered Otlt, April 6, [899 

The present officers of the Compan) are Captain Lewis T. Bryant; First 
Lieutenant, C. Stanley Grove; Second Lieutenant, Harry E. Smith; Sergeants, 
Walter Clark, D. W. Kerr. W. A. Stephany, Phillip \. Besser, William Voss; 
Quartermaster, William F. Pfaff; Corporals, William Dill, Samuel [ob, and 
1 .1 1 >rge Bailey. 



:?3S 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



Golf at tbc GcmnttB Club. 

x *\ ' H E Country Club, composed of prominent citizens has provided handsomely 
IjgJ for the lovers of golf, who visit this resort. 
•*- ( hi a beautiful rise of ground on the mainland six miles away a model 

club house has been built and eighteen-link grounds laid out that are much 
enjoyed by golfers. 

All conveniences are provided and the soil is of such a character that wet sea- 
sons hardly interfere with this health-giving game. The grounds are easily acces- 
sible by rail, bicycle or carriage over good roads ami are greatly appreciated. 

From the perfectly appointed club house, a tine example of colonial archi- 
tecture, one may look over miles of cultivated fields that slope to vast and pictur- 
esque areas of bay and meadow land, and beyond all oceanward. Atlantic City, 
Yentnor. South Atlantic and Longport, with the prominent buildings rising and 
vibrating as in a mirage along the horizon line. 

Golf (in its older forms golf, gouff, gowff, the latter of which gives the genuine 
old pronunciation!, is an amusement formerly so peculiar to Scotland, that it was 
well and truly termed the national game of that country. 

Xot many years ago. however, the game was taken up in England, where it 
at once became immensely popular: finally it was brought over to America, and 
to-dav throughout this country, ami in England as well, it is the most popular, as 
well as one of the most healthful of all open air games, and the fact that it brings 
all the muscles of the human body into healthy action commends it to all and 
makes it a really desirable game, though there are those who look upon it unjustly 
as a senseless pastime. 




COUNTRY CLUB AT KORTHFIELD. 



DRIVES AND GOOD ROADS. 339 

Strives anb (3oob IRoabs. 

In contrast with the good county roads that have been built the past few 
years at public expense: twenty-two miles from Absecon to llammonton: seven 
miles from Egg Harbor City to Mays Landing; seven miles on this island to 
Longport, and five miles of private turnpike across the meadows to the mainland. 
the following description of the first public road laid out in this county is inter- 
esting. It was first laid out in 1716 leading from Xacote Creek 1 Port Republic), 
along the shore to Somers Ferry at Somers Point. This road was altered and laid 
out by six surveyors from Burlington comity, and six from Gloucester county. 
Their returns bears date the 15th day of March, 1731. 

Previous to giving the location of the road, they recite, that the former road 
that was laid out for the inhabitants of the township of Egg Harbor in the county 
of Gloucester, to travel from the east end of the shore to Somers" Ferry by reason 
of the swamps and marsh through which the road passed, had found it to be 
inconvenient for the inhabitants to travel, and had made application to Thomas 
Wetherill and five other surveyors from Burlington County and to John Eslick of 
Gloucester County. These twelve surveyors having found the former road 
inconvenient made the following alterations, viz: 

Beginning at Naked Creek, and from thence as the same was formerly laid 
out and now beat, to Jeremiah Adams' bridge. Thence over the same, and so 
on, as the road is now beat, till it comes near William Mead's house. Then by a 
line of marked trees, on the northwest side of said road, till it comes past the said 
Mead's house. Then along the beaten road, till it comes to John Steelman's land. 
So then by a line of marked trees, on the northwest side of the beaten road, till 
it comes near across said Steelman's land. Then along said beaten road to 
Absequon bridge. Then over the same, and so along the beaten road till it comes 
near Jeremiah Risley's house. Then by a line of marked trees, on the northwest 
side of the beaten mad. part over Daniel Lake's land and part over the -aid 
Risley's land, and so into the beaten road to Abel Scull's land. Thence crossing 
said Scull's land by a line of marked trees till it comes near David Conover's 
house, and from thence along the road as it now lyeth, to the landing near Richard 
Sumer's house. 



jfirst Quail anb IRabbit. 

Richard, a brother of Ryan Adams, first brought live rabbits and quail to this 
island, sometime after 1800 and previous to 1820. They soon became very plenti- 
ful for a number of years, till one very severe winter when a dee]) snow and un- 
commonly high tide very nearly exterminated the quail and destroyed many of 
the rabbits. The latter living among the shrubbery on the high land were able to 
stand the storm better than the birds, which buried under the snow on the 
meadows were overcome by the high tides and were nearly or quite exterminated. 



340 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



/^t I ii" poinl along the \cw Jerse) coast can so man) yachts and sailing craft 

VI be found as here. While the shifting sands and bars at the fnlel channel 

make ibis harbor inaccessible to large vessels, mam private pleasure 

yachts come here during the summer and the tnlel wharves present a 

scene of unusual animation at all times. 

Since 1883 a Yachtsmens' Association lias maintained an organization and a 
large active membership. Stringent rules are enforced to maintain suitable 
v\ harves and permit 1 inly experienced, capable seamen to engage in the business. 

A fleet of one hundred or more pleasure \ adits, some of them large and hand- 
somely furnished, handle thousands of people daily in summer time at very reas- 
onable rati's. 

\~- man} more smaller craft are owned by cottagers and citizens. 

Fishing in the bays or on the ocean is one of the exhilarating pastimes of 
\ isitors. 

( abin yachts are available during the winter months in which those who wish 
ma\ spend a week or more at a time, gunning about the bays. 




A MOSQUITO BOAT. 



FIRST PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 341 

jfirst public Builbings. 

The top story oi Ryan Adams' old ' )cean House was used as a jail or lockup 
for a number of years. Some of the prisoners submitted to close quarters grai 
fully, Ihi! one man in attempting to escape from a third story window fell and 
broke a 1< g. 

The first city jail which is still standing mar its original -in in the rear of the 
Vermonl I touse, was built of joists 3x6 inches laid together like brick ami spiked 
firmly. It contained two cells, toxio rooms with one window in each. The first 
man locked up is said in have 1 caped in the night. Previous to its erection in 
[869, offenders were handcuffed around a tree in the mayor's front yard. At any 
rate that was thi practice that prevailed when Robert T. Evard was mayot in [865 
and lived on Pennsylvania avenue, near what is now Heckler's Hotel. 



XEbc jfirst dolorcc- /Iban. 

The first colored man to taki up his permanenl residence in tin - n va 
"Billy" Bright. He lived in a shant) mi Rhode Island avenue in 1859. The first 
colored boy to attend school in this city was Joe Ross, who had his separate desk 
in one corner of the room in the first public school house on Pennsylvania avenue. 



plenty? oi JBlachsnahcs. 

few- people these times have any conception how Maids snakes infested this 
island in its early days. They seem nol t'> have disturbed Jeremiah Leeds to any 
extent; indeed, lie i- '■aid to have protected tin snal 1 .1 if' destro; ed rats and 
mice and diil more good than harm. The) were plowed mil of the ground in the 
spring and scratched mil with the harrow when they burrowed to deposit theit 
eggs and were found in the woods everywhere. They were often six in eight fi 1 1 
long and as large around a- a man'- wrist. Their bite was nut dangerous, but tin 
were killed with clubs and guns, 

Richard Hackett tells of killing twelve black snakes one day mi his way from 
Jeremiah to Andrew Leeds' residence. 

James Blackman, of Absecon, while visiting the island one da\ came upon 
one so large and long that with a loaded gun he dare nol attempt in kill it. Me 
left it undisturbed. 

When * halkley S. Leeds was a boy, he came upon a hi aids snake while . ro 
ing a field one day. The snake chased him and hit his clothing several time- before 

the hoy COUld gel In the nearest lenee, where he Immd a clllb tO Use effectively. 

I le could nnt mi 1 rim the snake. It is only occasionally these later years thai these 
aneient emblems of wisdom have keen found in the groves and sandhills. 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY'. 



(3 



Cost of Citv> Government. 

\ ordinance to provide for the amount of tax to be levied in Atlantic City 
in the year 1898, to make appropriations and limit the expenditures of 

Atlantic City tor the fiscal year beginning the first .Monday in September. 
[81 8, and ending the first Monday in September, lSmi. 



Si ction 1. Be it ordained by the City 
Council ni" Atlantic City, That for the fiscal 
year beginning the first Monday in S< 
tember, 1898, and ending the first Monday 
in September. [899, the following amounts 
are hereby appropriated and ordered 
raised for the respective purposes herein 
Stated, and from any funds in the Treasury. 
t.i be used for the respective purp 

\ $4(1. ; 18 - 

School Tax 36,161 28 

School Tax ,vS..!oo 00 

Si hool Tax. . . . 0.105 00 

ng Fund 25.000 

\\ ater Department 105,940 00 

ng Debt 2, 500 00 

25.000 00 

Interest on Bonds 10,57697 

Interest on Notes 5 .000 00 

Lighting 2S.000 00 

17.Q30 OO 

Poice Department 20.500 00 

1 ment 20.000 00 

tive Service 1.000 00 

on and Improvement 

of Property 11.200 00 

Printing and Stationery 2.500 00 

Salaries 18,650 00 

3.000 OO 

Fund 4.000 00 

Sanitary 14.000 00 

of Health 3000 °o 

Atlantic City Hospital 4.00000 

Electi 1. 000 00 

Memorial Expenses $100 00 

Armory Kent 100 OO 

United States Fire Co 2,250 

Atlantic Fire Co 2.500 00 

Neptune Hose Co 2,25 

Good Will Hook and Ladder 

2.250 00 

Beach Pirates Chemical Engine 

Soo 00 

Chelsea Fire Co 1,750 00 

Rescue Hook and Ladder Co.. .WO OO 

red Bills 



Building Streets and Sidewalks 

Revising, Compiling and Print 

in ii Charter and Ordinances.. 

Flower Beds 



!,0 10 0,1 

100 00 



Total $494,435 00 

s . 2. And be it further ordained, 
That the moneys appropriated by the first 
section of this ordinance shall be derived 
from the following sources: 

\ Dup tes 1S08 $314.435 00 

Licenses 

ind Costs 

Building Permits 

Sale of Street dirt 

Registi ation ol Dogs 

Sundrj Sen ices 

Cash on hand to credit of Water 
Department, September sth. 

1S0S 

Unpaid Water Bills, series of 
\.UgUSt 1st. [898 

Receipts of Water Department. 
series of February 1st. t8 

Sundry account. Water Depart- 
ment 

Street Service account. Water 
Department 

Cash on hand to credit of Gen- 
eral Fund, September 5th, 

SS N N 



1,400 00 

800 00 

1.200 OO 

500 oil 

[,543 59 



41.843 rt 



$7,000 00 



,ooc< 00 



3.500 00 



$494,435 00 

Sec. 3. And be it ordained. That this 
ordinance shall take effect immediately. 
Passed at a regular meeting 

Council, September 12th. 1898 

JAMES D. SOUTHWICK, 

President. 

Attest: 

E. D. IRELAN, 

City Clerk- 
Approved September 16, [898. 

JOSEPH THOMPSON, 

Ma> or of Atlantic City. 




APPROPRIATIONS AND RESOURCES. 

CITY APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1899— J900. 

State School Tax ?.r.n- 3° 

I cmntj Ta> 52.065 88 

i i' chool Tax 40.00000 

Special Distri 1 School Tax 14-305 00 

Silking Fund 36.40000 

\ ; .:. Department 107.00000 

Citj Notes 30,00000 

[nten 1 on Bonds t6, '-'< 58 

[uteres! on Notes 5.00000 

Lighting -'1 0000 

Street 25,000 00 

Polio Department 32,50000 

Fire Department jo.cjoo 00 

I Initcd Stati Fire Compan> 2.250 00 

Atlantic Fire Company 2,250 00 

' eptune Hosi Companj 2,250 00 

Good Will Hook and Ladcl 2.250 cxt 

Reach Pirates Chemical Engim 1 any 1 ><• 

( Ihelsea Fire Companj 2,250 00 

Rescui I !• m.i. .Mi.i I . ..LI. 1 Company 250 00 

Deferred I '.ills V7&79 24 

Detects e Ser\ ice [,000 00 

' oteel and Improvement of Property 7.500 00 

Printing and Stationery 2,500 00 

Salaries [6,000 00 

4.000 00 

Poor Fund. ... 6,500 00 

Sanitary 19,00 

Board of I [ealth 5,700 00 

Atlantic City Hospital 4,80000 

Election Expenses 1. 000 00 

Memorial Services 100 00 

Ai mory Rent too 00 

Pul Fountains 5000 

Building Sidewalks 1.000 00 

Ri 1 ompiling and Printing Charter and Ordinances 2,00000 

Total $598,444 00 



RESOURCES. 



r<n i iitplii ah . [899 $419.64400 

I 8 95,000 00 

Fines and Costs 1.000 00 

Building Permits 1,000 00 

Sale of Street Dirt 100 00 

Regi 1 mi 1. hi ol Dogs 50000 

Sundrj Sources 1.70000 

in hand to err. In ,.1 General Fund, September 4. 1899 (.370 34 

Cash on hand to credit of Water Department, September ). [899 50,993 20 

I 1 1 .ail Watei Bills sr's August 1. [899 [7,10680 

Receipts Water Department sr's February 1. hjoo 2.000 00 

Sin air; Account, \\ ater Department 2,500 00 

Street Service Account, Watei Department 4 200 00 

Back Hills and Fines 851 

Interest on Deposit of Water Department 179 66 

Total $598,444 00 



Mi 

atlantfc Citv? Officials. 

Mayor. Franklin P. Stoy; Recorder, Roberl E. Stephany; Aldernian, Harry 
Bacharach; Treasurer, John A. Jeffries; City Clerk, Emery D. [relan; Tax Col- 
lector, William Lowry, Jr.; Solicitor, Carlton Godfrey; City Comptroller, A. \i. 
Heston; Chief of Police, Harry C. Eldridge; Overseer of the Poor, Daniel L. 
Albertson; Mercantile Appraiser, J. \Y. Parsons; Supen isor of Streets, S. B. Rose; 
Building Inspector, S. 1.. Westcoat; Electrician, Albert C Farrand; City Mar- 
shal. Cornelius S. Fort; Assessors, Stewart II. Shinn, Seraph F. Lillig, Andrew J. 
Withrow. 



flDembers of Council. 

President— HARR"b BACHARACH HANN, ENOS R, 

BARRETT, DAVID R, IRELAND, WM. \. 

BEYER, ALBERT, LEE, EDWARD S.. 

BOWKER, WILLIAM \\\. LEEDS, HENRY W., 

CLEMENT JOSEPH C, LONG, GEORGE H.. 

DONNELLY, UHlX. PARKER, EDWIN A. 

DOUGHTY, S. L, THOMPSON. THOMAS H 

FLEMING, JiUIX R, \ W Wl W U II. LIS. 
G \RXU'll. HUG< ' 




JOSEPH E. LINGERMAN. 



SOUTH JERSEY IN CONGRESS ?4o 

The assets of the city government, 1899, amount to a total of $1 ,674,144 

Including : 

Water Plant $887,00:) 

Citj 1 1. ill Property 75,000 

Steel Boardwalk '57,155 

Sinking Fund 71 .~~~ 

Tax Duplicate of 1898 314435 

Personal and ( >ther Property [68,777 

The total liabilities of the city aggregate $1,207,831 

Consisting i if: 

City Bonds $9,831 

Improvement Bonds 187.00:1 

Paving Bonds 100,000 

City 1 1 all 1 >i >nds 24,000 

Water Bonds 887,0 1 1 



The story of Atlantic City's wonderful growth and pri 
following figures: 



sperity is told in the 



Vot< i 

[854 I First Election) [8 

'Kv 77 

i860 119 

1865 [26 

1870 173 

i*75 458 

1880 962 

[885 (,676 

1890 2,84 i 

[895 3,6 1 1 

[899 I Estimated) 5,68 1 







100 




400 




687 




74' • 




[,043 




2,009 


88 ..025 


5,477 


1. 707.701 1 


7.942 


2,61 12,312 


'3-o37 


4,415.896 


[8,329 


[2,1 72,646 


25,000 


1 5,1 M 11 1,1 1 ' 1 



SOUTH JERSEY IN CONGRESS. 

While Atlantic County at present is a part of the Second Congn ional District it 
was formerly included in the First, and has been honored by representation in I on ;n 
The Following gentlemen havi represented South Jei • in 1 ongress since Atlantic County 

was formed in 1837: 



1837. Charles C. Stratton, Gloucester 

i8,3y-'4i. William B. Cooper, Gloucester. 

l84l-'43. Charles C. Stratton. Gloucester. 

1843- '45. L. Q. C. Elmer, Cumberland. 

1845-49. JamesG. Hampton. Cumberland 

l849-'si Andrew K. Hay. Camden. 

l8sr-'5S. Nathan T. Stratton. Cumberland. 

'855 -'59. Isaiah D. Clawson, Cumberland. 

i85q-'63. John T. Nixon, Cumberland. 

iS63-'67. John F. Star. Camden. 



[867- 


'71. 


[871- 


7? 


1871- 


?:■■ 


187.3- 


~~ 


[877 


?>■ 


[870- 


Si. 


[881- 


'8> 


[885- 


0; 


[893- 


— • 



William Moore, Atlantic. 
John W, I [azelton, < Houi ■ tei 
Samuel C Forker ( Sei 1 md 

I listrict ). Burlington 
Samuel A. Dobbin-. Burlington. 
J. Howard Pugh, Burlington. 
lb el iah B. Smith. Burlington 
John Hart Brewer. Mercer. 

James Buchanan, Met 1 1 1 
John J Gardner, Atlantic. 




HON. J. E. P. ABBOTT. 



Beautiful Xonopovt. 



CI 1 1', borough of I ,ongporl al the southed) end of thi island i a delig 
family resort, with two large hotels, twent) 01 fi tta 
club house, a Goveri ml life saving tal a teamboal landing and 

trolle) terminus and some other buildings. This municipality wa incoi 
porated in [898 when a mayor, borough council and other officials were elected, 
Seventeen years ago Mr. M. S. McCollough, the foundei and it Exi 1 ma 01 

purcha ed tin greatei portion of the land now comprised within thi b ugh Iimil 

and decided 1 nverl the sand dunes into a fii 1 cla pie; 11 mil 

Time has vindicated his judgment and tin attraction improve! 1 and valua 

ti. ,11- have increased amazingl) fntervi ning wa tes arc being rapidl) developed, 

a magnificenl peedwaj built b th int; and thi resorl mad< a ver) promi ing 

suburb of the older, larger and bettei kno n itlantii Cit) al the northerl end 
of the island. 

Automobiles will soon be rivaling trolle; cai bet veen the point and a 
parai of plea uri and fashion revealed, unique along tin coa I 1 pecially at night 
when it will be brilliantly lighti 'I b ai ifn ial 11ns. 

The bathing beach and urf at Longport i Linsurpa ed Sloping gradually 
thi hallow and 1 tend .'ill thi vaj around the [nlel point below when 
sels enter and leave the bay, and far up the ba\ shore whi n b 
11 ii 

[n his first annual mes age to the borough council in Vpril, 1898, Vfayor M. S. 
McCullough, conciseh recited thi hi torii fact ol thi budding n 1 In iXHj 

Mr. Mi 1 ullough purchased fi James Long of Philadelphia, tin entin 

below Twent; fourth avenue to Great Egg Harbor inlet, then a primitivi 

'I In in 1 building erected va foi a restaurant at Reach avemn and 1 teenth 

.In h ha im 1 ; rei 

I In first great tasl ■< to li cl thi and bills and esta iei lj graded 

streets and building sites. Thes< sand duin en that the thorough - 

fare could nol be ;i 1 n from the pri 1 nl iti ol tin Aberdeen hotel. 

Mr. Mc< ullough madi a ol the situal g the hard 

Mm >i Mi beach along the ocean, the long port or harbor on thi ba; oi thoroug 

iln freedom froi tadow land, the close pro o ic < il ,! 

outlool ".'i tin ea and quiet atei of tin ba d thi landscapi beyond, and 
was deeply impressed by the ideal surrounding foi a famil; n ort, Building 
lots were offered for sale and a spei ial 1 ■ ursion train run from Philadelphia in 
iXX^. reaching Longport from South Atlantii in carriagi 

■ owners and beca! 1 permanent! d with the plai e. 

There made on tl 1 have been more than realized long 

The first to build cotl Linos Dotterer and M- - L Oberholtzer, 

I at \nn teenth and tin sei ond at Si ■. • nt< enth and Beach avenues In 1X84 

i 



BEAUTIFUL LONGPi >RT 



349 



Prof. I- P. Remington and his sister, Miss Caroline Remington, built fine cottage 
hpmes. The restaurant, now a part of I lotel Aberdeen, could not at times accommo- 
date all who wished to come. The hotel was built and a railroad service secured 
The first train entered Longporl August 31, [884. Travel increased till the 
frequenl motor trains were succeeded by the present excellent trollej car service 
with steamboat connections across the baj to Oa an 
( 'iiy and Si imers' I '1 linl 

Among the events of [884 was the organization 
of the Agassiz Association for the pleasure and 
benefits derived from the study of the animal and 
vegetable life of the sea and the wild flowers of the 
shore. The Oberholtzer Famil) were the prime 
movers in this event which culminated in the erectii in 
of Natural Science Hall, which also served the pur 
poses of divine service and 1 ither meetings. In [886 
Mr. James Long built a beautiful cottage and madi 
ii his summer home for several years. The Bay 
View Club erected their fine building and have done 
much tn promote the best interests of Longport. 

In 1895 Mr. Fred Boice and sisters built and 
have since successfully conducted Hotel Devon- 
shire. Mr. A. II. Phillips became interested in 
Longport in [896, making large purchases and fine 
improvements for himself and friends. He erected 
.1 beautiful summer home which he lias since occu- 
pied and is building other cottages with the same 
elegant and attractive features. While Mr. Phillips 
has disposed of the greater portion of his holdings 
he is still largely interested in Longport. 

Captain James I',. Townsend, who conducts the 
restaurant in the pavilion at the trollej terminus and 
steamboat landing, lias built a cottage for himself 
and opened a store which is a greal convenience. In 
1895 the Longport Water and Light Company was 
funned to obtain a water supply for all the in- 
habitants fri mi an artesian well. The flow is SO 
abundant that for nine months in the year the sur- 
plus is utilized as power for pumping. 

Sanitary questions have been given proper 
attention and street grades and surface drainage are 
very satisfactory. 

Longport borough was created b\ an act of the 
legislature, March 7. [898, and the following first 
officials were elected April 51I1. following: Mayor, 




,1 



PU1.Y UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 



M.Simpson McCullough; councilmen, Arvine II. Phillips, [oseph P. Remington, 
Samuel Stetzer, Wm. 11. Bartlett and John R. Minnick; assessor. Robert M. 
Elliott; collector. James B. Townsend; Justice of the Peace. J. P. Remington, jr.; 
commissioners, W. W. Lamborn, Bolton E. Steelman, J. P. Remington, Jr. 
Wilmer W. Lamborn was chosen borough clerk; Carlton Godfrey, solicitor: John 
P. Vshmead, serveyor; M. McCoy, street supervisor and Daniel Yates, marshal. 

More hotels and homes are on the list for the near future. Broad areas still 
unoccupied will soon he covered with tine streets ami cottages. New neighbors 
briny greater ambitions for beautifying this ideal resort. Nothing can halt the 
impetus oi its stead) progress. 



■ 




BELL BUOY. A6SECCN INLET. 



Brigantine Beach 



JgrtRIGANTINE BEACH has been known since the earliesl times chiefl) in 
I *) giving a name to the famous Brigantine shoals or shallows on the coasl 
where many a vessel has struck bottom and become a total wreck. 

In these later days this shoal beach has become famed for its excel In it 
surf bathing, its fishing grounds and as a rendezvous for sportsmen and others 
who here find the retirement, solitude, relaxation and that peace which passeth all 
understanding. 

The resident population of Brigantine enables this coast village to he incor- 
porated as one of New Jersej 's smallest cities, containing two wards, a Mayor and 
City Council. Three hotels and fifteen or twenty, cottagi homes for city sojourners, 
several miles of graded streets, frequenl trolley cars, connecting with steamboat 
across the hay, have during the past few years converted bleak and lonely sandhills 
into a very promising young sister of the Queen of ocean resorts, Atlantic City. 
Brigantine possesses advantages which are regarded as blessings to those in quest 
of a quiet, luxuriant retreat, far from the madding crowd. It has all the ad 
vantages of a great city and inland town together with tin- features that make 
Atlantic City famous without any of the disadvantages of these places. 

There is a restful, slumbrous air brooding over Brigantine that creates in- 
sensibly a feeling of subdued pleasure that makes life one long holiday while the 
view of the ocean and the consciousness that each respiration of health-invigor- 
ating ozone, contributes to the gen< ral feeling of elasticity. 

Brigantine is exclusive unto itself. Its limits have keen carefully maintained 
am] those who look upon it as a paradise in which to i scape the annoyances of the 
heated, bustling cities are numbered anion- the prominenl of the nation. 

I Ion. M. S. Quay, who is credited with being .1 judge of what is pleasing, visits 
Brigantine frequently and then kinds solace for the harassing cares of state by 
catching drumfish, and the late- Congressman Maimer, of Philadelphia, also had 
a lovely cottage there. 

Artesian wells furnish water as pure as the air in which 1 >ld < rlory floats above 
the highest building, while electric lights of many horse power make night as 
brilliant as the brightesl day. 

Graveled streets that invite driving and cycling have been built through and 
across the island. 

Brigantine has recently awakened from long time conservatism and inspired 
by well-directed enterprise is taking on new life and is making commendable 
pr< igress. 

In nearness to Atlantic City, its moderate cost ,,f living, its elegant hotel 
accommodations make its natural features especially delightful to thousands of 
people. 

(351) 



Sea Hiv. 



CHE purity and health-giving properties of sea air have been known to man 
kind for centuries. Ancient writers it 'II li oi tin periodic migration ol ari 
tocracy to the seashi ire at certain seasons, there to be restored and strength 
ened for more trying times in the interior. Modern civilization is still learning the 
same lesson. Physicians and families leave pleasant homes for renewed vigoi and 
in uperation li\ the rolling waves. The puresl air in nature is that found on 1 1 n • 
high seas after traversing hundreds and thousands of miles of pure salt water, un 
contaminated by smoke, dust and the exhalations of cities Here ii is that alt 
mists and fogs clarify, purify, and ozonize vitalized air as onlj Mother Nature can 
do, to present it later for man's sustenance. Sea air is so tempered b) its sur 
roundings that in summer ii is cooled l>\ radiation from the cooler watei tern 
perature and in winter warmed by the higher water temperature. Moisture is 
also taken up l>\ it and an infinitesimal percentage of salt. Some claim a trace of 
iodine, but this is doubtful and ran no1 be satisfactorily demonstrated. Sea air is 
alterative, but whether this is due to its supposed iodine is doubtful. 

Outside of an island in mid-ocean, Atlantic City is probabl) located in the 
best situation for pure si a air of an) point on the Atlantic coast. I" the late I h 
Jonathan Pitney, of Abseo in, is dm- the credit of first recognizing and presenting 
the benefits of Atlantic City's ocean air and surroundings upon invalids. The 
geographical location on an island of pure sand, five miles from the mainland and 
twenty miles seaward of the head of tide water; at the p.. mi .a a remarkable bend 
in the coast line, thirty miles northeasterl) from < !ape Maj where the fresh water-. 
of the Delaware mingle with the sea and sevent) miles from New Fork bay where 
the fresh water of the Hudson joins the ocean. Vtlantic Cit) is surrounded by a 
body of salt water, uncontaminated b) fresh water streams, and entirel) free from 
malarial or any other paludal poisons. In fact the sea and land breezes are both 
uncontaminated and pure. The Gulf Stream flows one hundred miles from oui 
shores and has a tempi ratine of 80 I . in summer and Jn F. in winter at this 
point. I his eertainK tempers the sea air and surrounding waters so that in wintei 
Atlantic City is from ten in twenty degrees warmer than the interior, and ten in 
twent) degrees cooler in summer. High winds are less frequent than at other 
points un the coast, although sea air is always in motion. Sea air fixed with sea 
fog is not injurious to most cases as it contain no noxious elements; is non 
irritant ; and is quite equable in temperature. 

The effects of sea air vary with the individual and conditions of health. Tin- 
two greatest effects are upon the nervous system and digestion. Coming from the 
air of cities and the rarified air of high altitudes, respiration and heart a< tion 
are both lowered, at mice reducing the consuming energy of the bod) and lessen- 
ing waste. Sea air being dense ami ozone ladened increases the oxidizing power 
23 (353) 



SEA \ I K* 

of the blood and is nature's best remed) for anemia and impoverished blood, li 
also assists nature in fighting the malarial parasite and will in time eliminati tin 
poison from the system in man) cases. Malarious subject frequent!) overload 
their stomachs and overheat themselves when the) first conn here and sit and ride 
in the cool air and bring on acute parox) sms, but if i are i- < i n i ed the usual < hill 
can be escaped t me can also go out at night without clanger of developing the 
malarial poisons in the system if care is taken to avoid chilling and cold, Heart 
diseases usuall) do I" tter in sea air than at high altitudes as the work thrown on 
that organ is lessened and oxidation ol tin blood is so much betti i that improve 
ment is the rule. ( 'ardiac dropsy often improves from this i an 

Probabh no cases are more benefited than convalescents from disease, and 
those who have been debilitated, overworked, and confined to their roon 
offices and who need a change. Thousands come here and live under hygienic and 
dietetic rules and improve rapidly. The effects of sea ah an 11 nail timulant al 
first, and impart a sense of renewed vigor and tone. Vppetite is nun aid and a 
drov ) feeling is almosl certain to come, which gives wa; to refreshing nights 

sleep. Many business men in neighboring cities c to Atlantic! it) periodicall) 

to get a full night's sleep and rest a much wiser course than sleeping powders and 
potions. Strumous and tubercular children and ad nils will improve rapidl) il the 
live in the sea air and follow proper dietetic lines. Man) such cases havi been 
apparently cured here. Tuberculosis in its earl tagi i aim nable to treatment 
in sea aii- and sunlight but when i a i i ome to the shore they should invariabl ai I 
under physicians' ai ain most advantagi I onsumption and other di ea 

in their last stages are best at home and should not come to the shore, as they 
rarel) get relief. Vlan ca i '-I bronchitis improve rapidl) and are pi 

cured In sea air. 'I In re is li - - dangi i ol pulmonar In rrhaj i a • a li ve1 than 

in high altitudes, owing to the fifteen pound to the scjuare-inch pn 
densit) of the aii at < a lei i I, while at high altitudes the internal blood pressure is 
-ii much greater at first than that of the air. Kor this reason sonn i mph 

ema and asthma do best in Atlantic City. Ha\ fevet will invariabl; disappi 
51 .1 air, but when the land breezes come it ma) not do so well, even though the air 
is filtered by the pines and affected orrn b tin id inland tidi 

salt lakes and bays. It is a mistal i n idea to think that om i an not i ati h i old al 

tin - a -In ire. \ person c< ng into the sea aii n ith a cold /ill off more 

rapidly than in the interior. Some people cure their colds b\ sailing i ■ 
b) living on the Boardwalk. Fresh air is the life of i vet one and 
ii i i In -In in do not come to livi in close rooms and to be overloaded « ith cS&thing, 
but come to live in the air and benefit by it. Hot closi room an 
tin eashori .1 the) are productive of colds and depression. Laryngitis and 
catarrhal troubles do well in sea air if properl) managed, but do poorl; il smoking, 
late hours, and carousing an encouraged. Vcute lobai pneumonia is rarel 
in Atlantic City bul when it is its course is usually mild. Bright ind dia- 

eem to do well if properl) managed and taken in theit first stagi ' ontrary 
to tin writing and opinions of some writers, many cases of ■ d ^kin 



356 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

perceptibly and are cured in sea air. This is particularly so in 
g strur s children. Digestive disorders are very amenable to treatment in 
if patients will follow instructions; but if they follow the dictates of an over- 
stimulated appetite they return home in worse condition. 

The effects of sea air on neurasthenia and nervous diro: - 
Most neurasthenics will do well in Atlantic City in the fall, winter and spring 
months, hut not so well in July and August. In the latter months the crowds are 
gt and the nervous strain is too great unless in the quiet parts of the island. 
- : neurasthenics come to Atlantic City every year, live under strict 
rules from their physician ami improve. Many come on their own responsibility, 
eat all kinds of food, bathe indiscriminately, attend balls and suppers, keep late 
hours, and then wonder why they do not improve! Every physician here can 
report numerous cures and phenomenal improvement in many cases. Sleepless 

ten and nerve tone improves. Many melancholic cases are 

vated by sea air as it is too stimulant. The same is true of mania and insanity. 
1 [ysteria may or may no; he improved according to cause. Nervous cases may find 
their first night or two restless and sleepless, hut this period is rapidly followed by 
soporific effects. This class ses must be watched closely and forced tc 

certain strict rules if improvement is expected. 

With Atlantic City at the very doors of Eastern and Western cities, a typical 
sanatorium summer and winter, furnishing pure sea air and home comforts, and 
- ssing a Boardwalk second to none in the world, why go to the enervating 
climates of the south? When the tonic, stimulant (sedative to some) and alterative 
sea air is free to all. disease should no longer be neglected, when finance is not a 
leading factor. 




marine flip. 



ii M< >NG the many attractions of the seashore may be included the sea flora, 
* I variously known as "sea moss," "sea weeds," and "marine algae." Ac- 
cording to Professor W. I i. Farlow they do not belong to the group called 
Lichens, and should not be called "sea moss;" many of them arc so exquisitely 
beautiful thai the name "sea weed" seems inappropriate, we therefore prefer to 
speak of them as algae 

The ]«>\\e>t order of the cryptogams, or flowerless plants, have been divided 
into three classes, algae, fungi and lichens. All strictly marine plants belong to 
the first of these three divisions. 

Almost everywhere along the Atlantic and Pacific coast- some species of 
algae maj be found, excepting sand) beaches, devoid of rocks, piling or other Fool 
hold, where there seems to be a dearth of them. 

In the wanner waters of the Pacific ocean, along the coast of California, the 
algae are less delicate in form, but are generally more brilliant in color than those 
found on the Atlantic coast, where they vary according to locality as well as 
according to seas, m; some of the most beautiful and delicate in structure are found 
in winter, and are not confined to the warmer climate, while the more brilliant in 
color appear in greater variet) and abundance along the middle and southern 
c i i.asts, 

.Marine algae seems to have bul little commercial value. Chondrus crispus, 
called Irish moss in America, is used as an article of food, and makes a delicate and 
excellent blanc mange. It is gathered in large quantities at Hingham, Massa- 
chusetts, and other places on the Xew England coast, and is bleached before 
sending to market. 

Porphyra lacineata (Laver) is used by the Chinese employed in the shoe 
factories of .Massachusetts, who import it from China, but could obtain the same 
species in great quantities in Massachusetts. Dulse is also used for culinary pur- 
poses, much of it is imported, although it grows, in abundance, in our northern 
waters. It is frequently seen in barrels in fruit and grocery stores, and is eaten, 
principally by sailors and foreigners from seaport towns. In some sections, near 
the coast, the coarser sea weeds are gathered and used as fertilizers, but many 
farmers consider them almost worthless and do not use them. 

Only three or four flowerless plants grow submerged in salt writer, therefore, 
with these few exceptions, the propagation of marine plants is by means of spores, 
under the different kinds known as zoospores tetraspores, and o-o-spi ires. 

By most botanists the classification of alga? is on the basis of reproduction, 
but Professor \Y. II. Harvey of Dublin has divided them into three classes dis- 
tinguished by their color. < irass green algae, olive brown or green algae, and red 
or purple algae running into brown or black. < If these three group-, grass green 

(257) 








A* 



*s 



I 



* 



MARINE ALCAIC. 359 

is the lowest in organization. The ulva, or sea lettuce, found growing on shells, 
si. me or tufts of grass, between high and low-water mark, i- a good and common 
example of this class of algae. These arc likely to fade and do not adhere well to 
paper when pressed and dried, but arc very interesting and valuable for the herb- 
arium. Although the bright green algae arc generally found growing in the 
shallow" water, where the) arc left uncovered at the recession of the tide, some of 
the nmst beautiful species belonging to this group arc found below low-water 
mark, as for instance, bryopsis plumosa (see figure i I. a plume-like plant of rich 
dark color, growing from two to five or six inches high, ami is very beautiful when 
mounted and pressed. 

The Cladophora, with thread-like branches, tufted with delicate green (figure 
.}) is another beautiful species belonging to this division, and is found below low- 
water mark, attached to piling or brush. 

The second in this division arc the olive or brown green algae. Many more 
species arc contained in this class than in the first named, and they are of a higher 
organization. The genus ectocarpus. alone contains fifteen or eighteen species, 
which arc of hair-like fineness. They grow on Incus, eel-grass or piling between 
high water and below low-water water mark, and can be gathered from early 
spring until June. The color is bright olive green and they arc beautiful when 
mounted on paper 

The third division consists of the red or purple algae. These arc the highest 
in regard to reproductive process, to structure and to color. The plants in this 
division seek deeper water and are seldom found above low-water mark. The 
collector will at once become interested in the rosy ribbon-like Grinnellia, named 
in honor of Henry Grinnell, the philanthropist of New York. We have but one 
species, the Grinnellia Americana (see figure t I ). It is a graceful plant as seen 
floating on the undulating water or waving from its foothold on jutting rock or 
piling. This species is biennial, attains a length of twelve or fifteen inches, and some 
species measuring two feet have been found. It is abundant, and can be gathered 
from early June- to ( )etober. 

Another very beautiful genus is the Dasya, only one species of which is com- 
mon along this coast, the Dasya elegans (see figure 2). This is an irregularly 
branched plant, growing from three or four inches to more than two feet long, ac- 
cording to the depth of the holdfast, which may be above low-water mark or four 
or five fathoms below. The color is rich dark purple, the branches are covered 
with cilia, which gives the appearance of chenille, and is popularly called chenille 
plant, being one of the few species of algae bearing a common or local name. 

Polysiphonia is the genus most abundant in species of the red algae. In a 
work prepared by J. < i. Agardh, one hundred and twenty-nine species are reported. 
About one-fourth of this number are found in American waters. The color of 
these plants ranges between light purple, brown and black, — the red being con- 
cealed in the darker shades. They grow on piling, rocks or fucus. in shallow 
pools or in dec]) water. Some species arc common in summer, and others, the 
more robust, appearing in their prime late in the fall or in winter. The plants arc 














1 




■<2\7 .> 


if / 


^"*-<ij\ 1 


^\\ 


y] 


\ \ \ 




8 






V j 






<4 


j^ 


XJ. 


-C 


'« 




MARINE ALG \K. 36] 

variable and sometimes attain the length of eighteen or twenty inches. Some 
species have .1 vi r) lacj appearance when mounted on paper and make- beautiful 
pictures for framing. An illustration of tins genus is shown in Figure 8. 

The genus Callithamnion, although the simplest in structure of the red 
is perhaps the most beautiful to the collector. We have about twent) fiv< pi 1 ii 
in our waters. The) are widelj distributed, are very abundant, many of them are 

of cobweb fineness, brilliant in color and are common along the wholi 1 < di 

veloping a more ros) color in tin- wanner waiters. Winn seen floating on the 
water somi spei i< - look, and seem, like a mass of jelly, showing to the naked • 1 
no stem or branches, but with careful handling the) can be transferred successfully 
:o paper and are very brilliant and attractive (see figure 6). 

Very interesting plants belonging to the genus sargassum, sargassum bacci- 
teiiiin. and sargassum vulgare (see 1 and 2, figure 5) were found on the beach at 
Longport in the fall of [889, but have not since appeared on this 1 oast, Pn ifessor 
W. < i. Farlow, in "Marine Alga of New England," says "Sargassum grows, 
attached, in the West Indies where ii fruits, and is found floating in the Gulf 
Stream and in the so-called Surgasso Sea." 

The list of beautiful species of algae is so great thai onl) a few of the mo I 
common can be noted here. The visitor, or dweller b) the sea will find many 

n , quite as worth) of notice as tin 1 thai havi been named. The number of 

species found mi the Atlantic coast is nol definitely known, but over fift) have 

I llected al Longport, for their beaut) alone, and man) more have been 

found by scientific colli 1 : 

A plea-ant and healthful rei reation < ill be Found in a walk along the beach, 
when the tide is coming iii. bearing upon the surface of the water these gr; 
and beautiful plants. To colled them is a very easy matter when water flows 
gi ink as it does on the ba) or Thoroughfare at Longport. The collector should 
be provided with rubber hunt- or shoes, a long slender pole, smooth at the end, 
so that the specimens may not be torn in removing them, and a pitcher or pail 
partly filled with salt water. Ii 1- nol necessar) to go into the water to secure the 
algae, for the rolling waves will bring tin m to you on the shore, bul ii 
upon making a scientific collection you will need a boat, and must make a toui ol 
the Thoroughfare, seeking them along the wharves, the piling and the grass) 
hanks. Having made your collection for the day you will repair to your cottage 
or room at your hotel, and there, in a basin of sail water, place your spi 1 imi n 
few at a time, lei them float out, that you may choose the best, lift it carefully into 
another basin of salt water, and having provided yourself with thick paper or card- 
hoard, neatly cut (5x6, 6x8 and 7x9 inches are good size); you will take up om of 
the cards, place it in the water beneath the specimen to be mounted, and with the 
aid of a pointed instrument (a long brass pin is ver) good) move the spi 
into graceful form, when this is done to your satisfaction, gently raise your card 
letting the water flow from it without disturbing your specimen, this requires 
practice as well as great care. \\ hen the water has drained off sufficientl) lay your 
card on a piece of absorbent paper (blotting paper is the best) which has been 



362 



DAILY UNION* HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 



previous!.} placed upon a smooth board and covered with a piece of old muslin. 
cover your specimen with a piece of old muslin, lay on another blotter, cover it 
with muslin, as before and it is ready for your next mounted specimen when you 
have mounted all that you desire to preserve, place a smooth hoard over your last 
blotter and put a weight upon it. The weight must not be too heavy at first. — ten 
or fifteen pounds of pressure would be sufficient for the first eight or ten hours, at 
the end of that time take off the weights, carefully remove the wet blotters and wet 
muslin, place \ i >ur specimens betw ecu dry muslin and dr\ blotters, put a somewhat 
heavier weighl upon them and let them remain several hours or until the next 
day, when they will be dry and firmly adhered to the card, and will full}- repay you 
lor the time spent in taking care of them. Some of the coarser varieties of algae 
require very heavy pressure to flatten them out and hold them to the paper, while 
the liner specimens would be ruined by too great weight upon them. This can be 
learned only b\ practice. 

A collection of algae, made during a sojourn b\ the sea will be a beautiful 
souvenir to carr} to your home and a lasting pleasure to you. 

MRS M. S. McCULLOUGH. 



ffi* 




marine Die in the Sands. 

■ ^^ N the beai li, and in the bays and inlets sum mnding Atlantic * ity, live i iver 
seventy varieties of shell fish. Some of these are rare and hard to 
find, and the collect! ir, unless he km >ws where ti i seek fi >r them, will pass 
them h\ : but man) of these shells are eas) ti i discover, and some of them 
arc --ii numerous that they are crushed under foot at ever} step upon the beach. 

In abundance arc found twi i little snails, the nassa obsi >leta and nassa trivittata 
(Fig. i). These little animals are verj active, and not at all shy when kept in 
confinement. They feed on other molusks, securing their game bv perforating tin- 
shells of their victims and sucking the mollusk through the hole. The "trivittata" 
is seen .in the sandy beach at low water, but far the- greater number of specimens 
found arc empt) shells that have been appropriated by a tiny hermit crab, and 
whether he has secured his home by lawful conquest, or by borrowing or by theft, 
ma) be an open question. The "obsoleta"' prefers the quiet of the inlet waters and 
is there Found by the millions when the tide is out. It is a little scavenger, feeding 
on dead crabs and molusks. In appearance it is not at all attractive, for specimens 
over a year old are badly eroded, and arc covered with a brownish green fungus. 
The "trivittata" is quite a pretty little shell 

Two large snails are found on the beach quite frequently; the) are the "natica 
heros" (Fig. I 21 and "natica duplicata" (Fig. [3). In habit these animals are active 
for snails, as they move with a good deal of rapidity. They are carnivcrous and 
delight to feed upon the young tender sand clams, the shells of which they per- 
forate. They hide in the sand, and often burrow deeply in searching for their 

favorite f 1. They are easily distinguished from each other, for in the "heros" 

the umbilicus is uncovered, while a large, thick lip parti) covers it in the "du- 
plicata." 

The niclas. or egg, ribbon of this snail is made of sand, and docs not look 
unlike a collar. \\ hen held up to the light the eggs can be seen as transparent 
spots. 

Another little snail, the "I 'rosalpinx einerea" (Fig, 2), is found clinging to 
the stones and piling in the inlet and bays. It is a sluggish little fellow ami moves 
at the proverbial snail's pace, when it moves at all. It is vcr\ careful in the manner 
in which it deposits its eggs. For their safety it constructs little vases which it 
firmly fastens to the under side of some overhanging ledge, and in this the eggs are 
deposited. As the tide is falling a large number of these little snails can be 
gathered in an In mr's hunt. 

Two large conchs, the "Fulgar carica," and "Sycotypus canaliculars," were 
at one time found in large quantities upon the beach, but these shells have been 
sought after to such an extent in then deep water home, lor use as garden orna- 
ments and flower pots, that they are now comparatively rare. By the Indians they 

363) 



364 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

won.' used as drinking cups, and the central white spiral was made into wampum. 
The egg cases of these conchs arc Formed of strings of capsules, there being twenty 
or more capsule- in a string. They are found upon the beach during the latter 
part of winter. 

Adhering to stones or shells, especially the inside surface of small shell-- that 
have lost their inhabitants, will he found the curious "crepidula." This shell is 
simply a hood, more or less flattened, in the end of which is placed a tiny "'shelf." 



»4 M <»* 




SEA SHELLS. 



The shell conforms to the surface on which it rests, and the little animal attaches 
itself to this surface b) a stn mg muscle that has the now er of suction. The "crepi- 
dula ungiformis" (Fig. 6) is flattened and usually white, and it more frequently 
found on the inside surface of other shell-. The "crepidula fornicata (Fig. 5) is 
larger, and deeper, and is usually found on the outside surface of shells or piled in 
groups one upon another. The "crepidula" feeds upon sea weeds. 

Another snail found upon the -tones aloifg the inlet is the "Littorina littorea" 



MARINE LIFE IX THE SANDS. 365 

( Fig. 3). It is a native of northern Europe, and seems to have become naturalized 
upon the New England coast, and is rapidly extending southward. Large num- 
bers of them can be gathered at low-water any day on the stones that form the 
break-water at the trolley station at Longport. The) are voracious feeders, living 
on sea weed, and are often gathered and distributed over oyster beds to free them 
from troublesome weeds. These little "periwinkles," as they are called, are almost 
amphibious, in fact some varieties will live for months out of water. In Europe 
the p< riwinkle is eaten. 2,000 tons being sold annually in the city ol London. 

The oyster ("Ostrea Virginica") is both native and cultivated in the waters 
surrounding Atlantic City, and the shell is too well known to require illustration. 
Frequently the shells, both living and dead are found almost honeycombed. This 
is the work of a sponge, which is the greatest enem) of the oyster, frequently 
entirely destroying the shell. Another enemy of the oyster is the star fish. 

( )f the clam, three varieties arc found here in large numbers. ( hi the sandy 
bottom's of the inlet lives the "venus mercinaria," the clam of commerce. The 
shell is thick, heavy and hard, and was used b) the Indians, they cutting it into 
buttons and stringing them upon leather thongs for dress ornament and wampum. 

The "mactra solidessima" is the large sand clam found so frequently upon 
the beach. It is quite active for a clam, and hides itself just beneath the 
surface of the sand when the tide yoes out. Frequently the shells of ihe younger 
clams are found with a smoothly cut hole, a quarter of an inch in diameter, near 
the hinge. This is the work ol' one of the snails already mentioned. These clams 
are also eaten by the star fish. 

The third clam, the "mya arenaria," is found in large numbers on the mud 
banks on the meadows. It is known as the soft shell or sweet clam, and is 
much prized as an article of food. It is very active, and can burrow into the sand 
or mud quickly. Unlike the other clams it has its home, which is simply a hole a 
foot or more deep in the sand or mud. At high tide it comes to the mouth of its 
hole to feed, but as the tide goes out, it retires to the bottom. The "mactra" buries 
itself when the waves leave it. the "venus" wanders about on the bottom of the 
inlet and bays, but the "mya" seldom leaves its home. 

The "solen ensis," or "razor fish," is sometimes called the "razor clam" ( big. 
71. Its home is on sand) bottoms, and the dead shell is frequently found upon the 
beach. He who would secure a live specimen must be a careful collector, for the 
"ensis" is very strong and very quick in its motions. When found half sticking out 
of the beach, it will require a grasp almost strong enough to crush the shell to pull 
it out of its hole, if indeed one can approach near enough to grasp it, for the 
jarring of the sand by an approaching step will give it warning of pending danger, 
and quick as a Hash it is gone. It will then be almost useless to dig for it, as it can 
burrow faster than one can dig. The razor is also a swift swimmer, or rather has 
the power of leaping through the water. 

The "pholas costata" ( big. 14) is a burrowing shell fish sometimes found upon 
the beach. It will perforate clay, wood, and even soft rock, the burrows being 
vertical, and though they may be verv close together, seldom does one burrow 



\l \KI\lv LIFE IN I'll E SANDS 367 

perforate the wall of another. This animal has the remarkable propertj of shining 
in tin dark. The shell is hard bnl very brittle. 

Another little burrower is the "petricola pholadiformis" i Fig', to); il perforates 
clay, mud, wood, and even soft stone, and is found ver\ frequently in the waters 
of Alia mil- ( it\ . Small masses of meadow peal thai are thrown by the waves upon 
the beach arc frequently alive with the constant^ active "petricola." 

After a >iicin^ southwesl wind there will be found upon the beach a verj 
delicate ami beautiful purple shell, frequentlj broken, ami almosl always void "I 
the animal that ai one time lived in it. This is the "siliqua costata" ( Fig 4 ). lis 
home is far below low-water mark, ami live specimens are diffkull t" secure. 

Another deep water specimen thai is hard to secure alive is the "siliquaria 
gibba" 1 Fig. Si. 1 1 is a second cousin to the "razi «■" and aboul as active. 

The "mytilus edulis" 1 Fig. 9) and "modioal plicatula" I Fig. 1 1 1 are two mus- 
sels constantly met on the beach. The home of the "mytilus" during the first 
months of its life is deep water, bul ai the end of the first year ii is found between 
the tides, or just below low-water fastened together or to large stones or piling by 
a strong thread thai the animal spins. The "modiola" is found upon the mud 
hanks of tin' meadow or on the beach, ii too spins a thread or byssus. A deep 
water modiola is often found attached t<> the "devil's apron," a s r a weed thai is 
thrown upon the beach 1>\ heav) storms. 




SEA SHELLS. 



ocncakvncal Introduction. 

£ '' "j^^P- untunes the white man has been enjoying th« - 

-^ • | ^3 natural pri\ _ - - i. forests which 

made South Jers the red man. 

- - gh that , '.-.ales in small boats along the 

coasl shing ..-cupation rhat brought hither from Long Island and New 

- Donghtys The first 

m Connect:. Sculls gtons - from 

- rom Holland, the first Brj - '.. the 

>een the industrial changes during the - . 

- now only a memory: the 
ger an important 
fish - ::nated. the iron ir. ps has 

• .-.'peared and the timber and ship bnilding interests and changed 

stors s - ition well and 

has « Esther from all av.. rces the 

rec. - :he old time rami'.:.- - • ;. having bet - • sted by 

a few, the accessible pars ?pre- 

cia: this - ties and the 

family bibU - 

slig 

..:..: by many who ar ; ge and 

... g this 







ALBERTSON FAMILY. 

As early as 1(147, the name Albertson is mentioned in O'Callahan's Register of New 
Netherlands Jan Albertson, wife and six children, came from Stemeyck, Holland, before 
1650. In 1663 Jan Albertson, his wife and one child, were killed by the Indian- The regis- 
ter above mentioned records that William Albertson, son of Jan, received a commission as 
a soldier in 1653. 

1. William Albertson, the founder of the New Jersey family of Albertsons, resigned his 
commission as soldier, having become converted to the religion of Friends, and, May 2, 
1682, located a large tract of land in Newton township, Gloucester County. N. J., lying 
between the s,, nth and middle branches of Newton creek. The house that he built stood 
by the middle branch of said creek and nearly fronting the little settlement called Newton 
by those first settlers. William, as before stated, was a Friend, being one of the first trustees 
of Newton Meeting, established 1681. This trust was continued until 1708, when younger 
men were needed to continue the same, t « • wit: .March 7, 1708, Benjamin Thackara and 
William Cooper, of Gloucester County, N. J., and William Albertson, the elder, late of 
Newton, in Gloucester County, N. J., but now of Byberry, Bucks County, Pa., as Trustees 
of Friends Meeting at Newton, conveyed said property to Thomas Sharp, John Kaighn, 
and Joseph Cooper, as trustees, etc. (Sharp's Book, p. 30, Surveyor General's Office, Bur- 
lington, N. J.) A man of estate and ability in the community, William (1) was returned in 
[685 a s a member of the Colonial Legislature, and also held other minor county and town- 
ship offices. December 16, 1688, he located a tract of land in Gloucester township, on a 
branch of Timber creek, called Otter branch. This property he bequeathed by will, 1709, 
to his son Josiah, June 1, [698. William (1) conveyed his land in Newton township to his 
son William, and soon after this removed to Byberry, on the Poquessink creek, Bucks 
County, Fa. Here he purchased large properties, consisting of mills and lands, some of 
which formerly belonged t" Walter Forrest. In [692 he purchased of Andrew Robeson a 
tract in Gloucester County. He dud at Poquessink in 1700. leaving a will, proved January 
17, 1709, in which he mentions his wife Hannah, seven children, and his son-in-law, Jervis 
Stoddale. William married Hannah Druit, daughter of Morgan Uruit. Hannah Druit Al- 
bertson transferred her certificate from Abington to Philadelphia meeting, in [729. Their 
children wen 

2. Benjamin, 111. Sarah Walton 3 Cassandra, m. Joshua Walton 4 Josiah, 111 \1111 
24 (309) 




* *K 









_£\ C M.BER1 S( N 



ALBERTSON FAMILY 371 

Austin, 5. Ann. d. [696; in., first, Walter Forrest; second, John Kaighn, [694 '1. W 
m. Esther Willis. 7. Abraham, m. Hannah Medcoff. 8. Rebecca, m. I- ep 
terthwaite 9 Daughter, m. Jervis Stoddale. 

2 Benjamin Albertson m. Sarah Walton. 'I'luy hail: [0. William. 1 1. Jacob 
Josiah, b. 1741; d. 1827; in. Win Chew. [3. Benjamin, m. Susannah Shoemaker. 14. Mar- 
maduke. 15. Chalkley. [6. Hannah, m. ■ Hamilton. 17. Sarah, m. Constant™ 

4. Josiah Albertson inherited from In- father, William 111. tin- place on Timber creek, 
Gloucester township, where Ins house was built in 171.5 This house is siill standing, being 
occupied by a brother of John .1. Albertson, the present Camden County engineer ami road 
builder. Josiah m. Win Austin. They had: t8. Hannah, b. 1728; m Jacob Clement, 1747. 
i<). Mary. b. 17.ii) 20. Cassandra, b. 17.!--: m., first, Jacob Ellis; second, Jacob Bui 
21. Elizabeth, b. [734. -•-•. Patience, b. 17.ii': m. [saac Ballenger. 23. Josiah, b. 1738: m., 
first, Eleanor Tomlins'on; second, Judith Boggs. 24. Sarah, b. 1740; m. Samuel Web tei 

Htturah, b. 174J: ni. Isaac Townsend. 26. Ann. b. 1743; m., first, Ebenezer Hopkins; 
second, Jacob Jennings. 

6. William Albertson, d. 1720; m. Esther Willis. They lived on the place at \'< 
Children were: -'7. John. 28. Abraham; m. Sarah Dennis, 174-'. 29. William. .(<> I. mm 
31. Mary. 32. Esther. 

12. Josiah Albertson, b. 1741; d. [827; m. Win Chew. They had: .?.;. Sarah, b. March 
7, 1767. 34. Mary. b. October u. [768; m. John Wan 35. Josiah, b. October 12, 1770: d. 
October 4, (859; m. Elizabeth Mattox. 36. Nehemiah, b. July 4, 177.5: m., first, Sarah 

McCarty; second, Rhoda Downs. 37. Rebecca, b. June 4. 1775; 111. Strang. .;S. Aaron, 

b. September [6, 1777: m. Margaret Overleift. 39. Thomas, b. April 7, [779; m. Ann 
Welden i<>. Hannah, b. March, 1782; m. Thomas Strang 

23. Josiah Albertson, b. 17, 50; m., first, Eleanor Tomlinson. Tiny had: 41. II 
b. 1760; m.. first, Samuel Glover; second, Paul Troth. .|j. Isaac, b. 1768; d. 1774. 4;,. John, 
1). 1771; m. Ami Pine. 44. Josiah. b. 1774: d. 1777. 45. Mary, b. 1776; d. 1777. 

(23) Josiah, b. 17. 50, m., second, Judith Boggs. They had: 4(1. Mary. m. Thomas 
Gaskill. 

28. Abraham Albertson lived m Gloucester, Newton township; m. Sarah Dennis, 174-'. 
They had: 47. Isaac, m. Deborah Thom. 1701. 4.x. Jacob, m. Patience ('hew, 17.51. 4'). 
Abraham, m. Sarah Albertson, 1704. 50. Ephraim, m. Kesiah Chew, daughter of Thomas 
Chew. 1741. 51. Joseph, m. Rose Hampton, 174.5. 52. Aaron, in., first, Elizabeth Albert- 
son, 1756; in. second, Margaret Wells, 17(15. 5,5. Levi, m. ECeziah Roberts, 175'). ,"(. Jona- 
than, lived at Penn's Neck, Salem County. 53. Rebecca, m. — Beverly. 56. Daughter, 
in. Richard Chew. 

35. Josiah Mbertson, b. October [2, 1770. Lived at Mine Anchor. Camden County, 
X. J. lie married Elizabeth Mattox. Iluv had: 57. Sarah, b. November 15. 1707 : 111. 
Joseph IC. Lippincott. 58. Ann. b. October 10. 17011: m. James Kellum. 59. Da 
January iN, 1S01 ; m Rebecca Evan 60 I liza, b. August to, (802; m. Isaac W. Jessup. 
in. Mariah. b. November 2, 1X04: m. Cornelius Till. o_>. John, I, December u. [806; un 
married. 63. Rebecca, b. October 24, [808; m. John (' Shreve 64. William, b February 

11, 1S1 1 ; (1. 1S1 1. 

54. Jonathan Albertson, -on of \hrah.ini Winn on tnd Sarah Dennis, lived at Penn's 
Neck, now mar Pennsgrove, near the Delaware, in Salem County. His children were: 65. 
Abraham. 66. Levi, b. 177(1; d. 1822; m. Pheba Simpkins, September .5. 1810. 

66. Levi Ubertson, b. 1776, at Pennsgrove, Salem County, X. J. He was a shoemaker 
by trade, lie removed to Gloucester County ami married Pheba Simpkins, September .1. 
t8l0 They had: 67. Jonathan, b. November .?. [811; d. May 28, (888; m.. fit t, 1 
Vlathis, February 7. iK.;;; m., second, W.uath Collins. July 17, 1S41. 68. Millie, b Sep 
tembei 28, [813. 69. David, b. January 1. 1817; d. November 2, 1817. 70. Levi, b Septem 
her 1;. [818; .1 August 20, 1856 71 Pheba B., b March 4. iSji. 



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BAB< 01 K F WIII.Y 373 

BABCOCK IAMILY. 

Foi many ycai tin Bal k family has been one of the best known in Vtlantii Count} 

The house is still standing close to the ban! ol il I gg Harboi Rivei when Jo eph 

Babcock .- 1 1 1 < I Esther Gibei on reared a family ol twelve children She was born in the 

\..n [800 and In \ v . ; .1 few ycai hei enioi Their b e wai neai 1 atawba, then quiti 

:, promising town ..1 a dozen house . a black mith hop, store, church, and other build 
ings where now onlj a weathei worn chapel stands in a econd growth of woodland 

J n si abovi Catawba was II psontown, where was .1 'I I house, several fine farms 

and largi peacl hards and a distillery when peach brandy was made foseph Bab 

cod was a farmer and dealer in wood and timber, kepi a store, employed men and team 

lumbering 1 n fore 1 fires had denuded valuable areas In his own vi el hi carried 

t \.,n » I, charcoal and I ber to exchange for supplii and foi yeai wa pro 

perous Mtei hi death, aboul 1850, the widow became the < I wife ol Vb al !oi 

dery, Sr., ol Absecon, when hi pa ed the last years of hei life, dying al I 1864 

Mi, several sens early became familial with the bu ine: ol theii fathei and mo 1 ol 
them ■ mulated fortuin a eafaring men, 

Tin Bal I< 1 hildren w< re 

[.Jonathan, wl , id \ne\ B Miry had three children, Peter and Laura 

and Emily, late wife ol Petei Reed, ol M n 

.■ Job married Anna E Cordery, of \l 1, both dei ea ed 

.: Hannah, wh arried Irving Lee, who for twenty years was the miller ol thi 

fai old grist mill at Bargaintown lln\ moved to Atlantic Citj in [864 1 li 

permanentlj 1 1 <• died March 2, 1900 The) had eight children, four of whom are living: 

foseph, who lives in Washing , D C; William, a1 Absecon; Mrs Joseph G Reed, al 

Ocean Grove, N .1, and Mrs William Ridgeway, ol Vtlantii Citj John wa losl at 
■ a aboul 1876. Reuben died in Baltimore in 1895 Job died in Philadelphia in [893, and 
Ella died when quite young, (ruin the results ol an accident. 

4. Amy married >iaron Frambes Both are deceased They had four children: 1 ther, 
wife of Steelman Tilton; Maggie, wife ol Jonathan fo lyn; fohn B and 1 orena, wife of 
Tilton I'. .h-,s 

5 John married Harriel Steelman Both an deceased They had one child, Mi 
I )c Im rah I uen, of Somer's Point. 

(3 Joseph W married VIi Hannah Smith, nee Hickmon and lives at English Creek 
Their only child, Frank Babcock, was losl at sea in 1898. 

7. Reuben married Elizabeth, daughter of the late Enoch 1 ordery, of Absecon, ulna, 
the) re ide 

8. Esther married Baker Dought) The) live at Absecon and have three children: 
Baker, who manual Ella Ireland; Joanna and Fraley, who is a member of the Board ol 
Chosen Freeholders, 

• ) Sarah married ('apt. Samuel Price, who died in [878, They had five children: 
Lonella, Emma, who married Albert Newman; Nellie, who married Horaci Newman; 
William and Fred The two lasl are deceased. 

to Abel married la, la. daughter of the late Felix Leeds They live al \l and 

have two 1 hildren: ( harlotte and Reuben, Jr. 

11 Aimira married first Richard Garwood and lived al Bargaintown The) had fivi 
children: William, who married Lenora Steelman; \ur.a. who married Somers Leed 
Charles, who married Mabel Potter; Margaret, who married Roberl Race, and Richard, 
who married Maggie Boice Aimira married econd I aai < ollins, and lives al Smith's 
I .anding 

[2. Lewis married Annie, daughter of the late Absalom Doughty, ol \l 11 and 

lived at Haddonfield al the time of his death They had three children Walter. Mary 
and Lewis. Jr. 




WILLIAM G. BARTLETT. 



BARTLETT FAMILY 



BARTLETT FAMILY. 



During or soon after the Revolution, one Oswald Good Bartlett, a German soldier, 
engaged in farming on the seaward side of the shore road at Pleasantville. He died about 
1836. and is remembered as one of the first German citizens of this county. He married 

and raised a family of five children: (2) David G 1. (3) John Good, (41 Alexander G I, 

(5) Xancy, (6) Eliza. 

The oldest son. David Good Bartlett. lived at Cooper's Point, Camden, for 
year-, and later settled down as a farmer near the Mount Pleasant Church, at Pleasantville. 
The old house is still standing where he raised a family < ■ 1" seven sons, fjis wife was Mar- 
garet Jones, a native of the county. The seven sons were: 17) William Good, b. November 

3, 1820, <1. June 15. [896; iS) Henry (1 1. (9) Alexander Good, (10) John Good, (11) 

Joseph Good, (12) Lewis Good, and Enoch Good. The last three are still living. 

171 William Good Bartlett was born at Cooper's Point, in Camden, and lived there 
till his father moved to Pleasantville. As a young man he was noted for his energy and 
business enterprise. When twenty years of age lie engaged in the oyster business, in which 
later he reaped a fortune. He went into tile woods and cut the timber to build a boat, a 
sloop yacht, the Essex, in which lie carried oysters and clams to New York In those days, 
before railroads, the products of the bays were also hauled in wagons extensively over sandj 
roads to Philadelphia. Young Bartlett often came to this island with beach parties on a 
day's picnic for surf bathing, when the only bath houses were the groves and hollows among 
the sand hills. 

In 1S48. William ( i. married Armenia, daughter of Daniel Lake and Sarah Ann Tilton. 
About that time he engaged in the oyster commission trade in Philadelphia, which hi con- 
tinued till near the close of his life. For years he received and sold all the products of 
Atlantic County bays and elsewhere that were sent to him, As soon as the building of 
the first railroad was proposed, in 1853. he secured space near the Vine street wharf, and 
there prospered greatly for many years. He was one of the first to come to this island with 
the first railroad, buy land, build houses and Stores and share in the various enterprises 
and successes that followed. He paid $800 for the lot where the Atlantic City National Bank 
has been, and other lots later in that locality. In [857 he started the ice business, which 
is still continued by his estate. About the same time he started the first market house- 
on this island. In 1869 he built Bartlett's market building, in which Charles Hot/ con- 
ducted business many years. 

In 1870 Mr. Bartlett succeeded John Cordery, of Absecon, as lessee of the street car 
system on Atlantic avenue. He paid the railroad company $500 a year each for the privi- 
lege of operating four cars drawn by mules over the steam car tracks, between the Inlet 
and the old Seaview Excursion House at the ocean end of .Missouri avenue, hares were 
ten cents. There were no tickets nor gongs nor any regular schedule for the cars, which 
had to stop when trains were on the track and which waited for loads at either end. Fare 
was not exacted of local people, but visitors made that mule tramway profitable. 

In 1875, when the railroad company demanded $1,000 rental for each car, Mr. Bartlett 
gave it up and became one of the incorporators of the Passenger Railway Company. Asso- 
ciated with him were Alexander Boardman. Joseph A Barstow, Henry L. Elder. Joseph 
II. Borton, D. C. Spooner and Horace Withernam This company was organized at 
Schaufler's Hotel. April 13. 1874. City Council had given the new company a right, by 
ordinance, to lay tracks on Pacific. New Hampshire. Michigan and Ohio avenues. Tracks 
were laid by strategy in the night over the disputed territory between North Carolina and 
Massachusetts avenues, and the ties still lie buried in the street. An injunction, secured 
by Andrew K. Hay. stopped the work and the railroad company operated its own mule 
cars and later its trolley cars without ever having any franchise except for steam railroad 
purpi ises. 

In 1865. Mr. Bartlett engaged in the shipbuilding business in Camden and was very 



376 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

successful. During the war. when vessel property was very profitable, Mr. Bartlett was part 
owner of twenty vessels. He disposed of his interests in the shipyard in 1885. 

In 1881 he erected the first large brick building in this city ior a bank. Until 1S87 he 
made Atlantic City his summer home only, continuing to live in Philadelphia. 

He was the father of twelve children, all but one of whom are living. 



B01CE FAMILY. 

1. William Boice came from Holland to Poughkeepsie, Xew York, with two brothers, 
about 1755. He left his brothers. Daniel and Mathew. and came to Absecon. about 1700. 
married Priscilla, daughter of Levi Price, of Bakersville. and followed the occupation of 
farming, buying a large tract of land near the creek in Absecon 

There were seven children: 2. Peter: 3. William: 4. John; 5. Hannah; 6. Meriche; 
7. Kate: 8. Sarah. 

2. Peter, b. 1764. 111.. first. Rachel, daughter of Peter Frambes. and d. 1849. Lie was 
a farmer and lived where his great grandson. Fred Boice. Jr.. now lives. He later built 
the house now occupied by the employes of the Atlantic City Water Works 

They had four children: 9. Mary; 10. Richard: 11. Peter; 12. William. 
He in., secondly. Sarah, widow of Mark Risley. nee Scull. They had four children: 
13. Richard; 14. Ebenezer; 15 Angeline; 10 David. 

3. William Boice m. Leah Steelman and had two children: 17 Leah, who m. Al 
Barrett, and 18. Peggy, who m. Townsend Risley. 

4. John. b. December 26. 1774. d. December 30, 1805. lived in Absecon: m. Sarah 
Champion and had five children: 19. Rebecca, who m. Jerry Conover; 20. Priscilla. who m. 
John Hackett; 21. Sophia, who m. Peter Hackett; 22. Hannah, who m. Allen Jeffers: 2.1 
Anna Maria, who m. James Risley. 

5. Hannah, m. Reeves. 

0. Meriche m. David Smith and had four children: 24. Absalom, who m. Leah Har- 
man; 25. Felix, who m. Sylvia Conover; 26. Sophia, who m. Noah Adams: 27. Polly, who 
m. John Risley. 

7. Kate m. Diah Samson and had eleven children: 28. Joseph; 2Q. Daniel; 30. Thomas; 
31. Sarah; ^2. Diah; 33. Delilah; 34. Hannah: 35. Elizabeth; 36. Priscilla; 37. Rebecca; 
38 Mary. 

8. Sarah m. Joshua Adams and had seven children: 30 Ryon; 40. Peter: 41 W. Boice: 
42. Richard; 43. Katie: 44 Mary: 45. Sarah Ann. 

9. Mary, b 1801. d. 1880. in., first. James Risley. and had three children: 46. Mary: 
47, Judith; 48. Rachael. Married, secondly, Risley Adams and had two children: 49. 
Phoebe: 50. James. 

10. Richard, b. 1803. drowned at sea. 

11. Peter, b. December 23. 1805: d. August 30. 1802. 111 Sarah Ann. daughter of Wil- 
liam and Sarah Chamberlain. She was b. December 17. 1807; d. September 6. 18S0. They 
were m. in 1823 and lived on the farm north of Absecon all their lives. They had twelve 
children: 51. Aner S.: 52. Rachael: 53 Henry: 54. Frederick C. ; 55. John; 56. Rebecca; 
57. Enoch C; 58. Ezra C. : 59. Hannah Ann: bo. Enoch C. ; 61. Sarah Ann. 02. Anna 
Mary, twins. 

51. Aner S.. b. August 20. 1825: in. Jonathan Babcock and had three children: 63. 
Emma C. who died March 31. 1808: 04 Peter b. ; 65. Laura A. 

52. Rachael. b. August 17. 1827; d. September 30. [866; m James Dunham in Phila- 
delphia; d. September 8. 1S80. They had four children: William. James. John W.. Howard. 

53. Heny. b. December 8, 1829; d. March 19, 1800: m. Kate, daughter of Jonathan 



IK ill E I \\l [LY. : J .T7 

and Eunice Smith. December 21, [869. She .1 November 28, [888. Thej had one child 
66 Elizabeth Clement, who married Clarence Dought) Nourse. 

54. Frederick C, b. February 8, 1832; d. November 5. 1889: m Sarah Scull, daughter 
df Thomas and Sarah Ann Irelan, August 11. i860. They had eleven children: 67. Es- 
tella; 68. Willanna; (*). Lena; 70. Frederick C; 71 Lorine; 72. John, b. April 3, [871, d 
August 29, 187 1 ; 73. Frank, b. .May 9, 1.X74. d. March 30, 1874; 74. Thomas, 1> March 7 
1875, d. July 20, 1X70; 75. Rachael D.; 76. Henry; 77 Howard, b. December 25, [882; d 
July -20, 1883. 

67. Estclla m. James I'., son ol J rowers and Eleanor M Townsend, June 4. [885, 
and live at Longport. I hey had two children, James Stanley and Eleanor Melissa. 

75. Rachael I), in Yaldemar Hind, -on of Stein and Mary Edwards, and lives in 
Bridgeton. 

55. John, 1). May 14, 1834. m. Hannah Ann, daughter of Daniel and Maria Tilton, 
April 12, 1861, and had five children: 78. Daniel Tilton; 79. Cora. So Leira, b. November 
8, 1866, d. January 10, 1871; 81. John. Jr., deceased: 8-'. Peter Harlan. 

78. Daniel Tilton Boice m. Amy Corena, daughter of Amy ami Aaron Frambes, June 
6, 1899, and lives in Absecon. 

79. Cora m. Harry L.. son of David and Abigail Conover, September 12. 188X. and 
live in Absecon. They have one child: Lena Hon c Conover. 

56. Rebecca, b. August 31. 1836; d \ptd .?. 1837. 

57. Enoch C, b. February 23. 1838; d. ( Ictober 23. [843 

58. Ezra C, b. April 16. 1840. lives in Absecon 

59. Hannah Ann, b. November 3. 1842; 111. Charles E., -on of Benj. and Mary Jack- 
son, deceased, December 18. 1X1,7, lived in Camden. They had two children: Harry B. and 
Ella B. Jackson. 

60. Enoch C, b. November 1, 1844; d. March 22, [809; m. Maggie, daughter of William 
Good and Armenia Lake Bartlett. They had four children: X2 Armenia; 83 Edna; 84 
Helen; 85. Enoch Lee, born November 21. 1887. d March 29. 1888. 

61. Sarah Ann, b. June 1(1, 1849; m. Isaac A., -on of Joseph and Priscilla Lee, Novem- 
ber 18, 1886, and lives in Camden. 

62. Anna Mary, twin sister of Sarah Ann. m. Israel G. Adam-, June 2^. 1887. 

12. William, b. June 26, 1808; .1. August 13. [869; 111. Leah Robinson, June 8. 1839. 
She d. August 15, 1869, and was buried the same day. a double funeral. They had 13 
children: 86. James S.; 87. Wesley S ; 88. Arabella; 89. Rachael; 90. Silas: 91. Harriett; 
02. Reasm K.; 93. Peter; 94 William; 95. Macajah C. ; 96. Lemuel C. ; 97. Argereem . 98 
Frederick. 

86. James S., b. April 6, 1840; d May 18, 1898; m. Sarah Price. They had three chil- 
dren' i)i, Mark P.; loo. Narcia; 101. Sarah, who 111. Geo. McKeague 

99. Mark P. m. Sarah Blakley. They had two children: 102. Leroy M.; 
Alton. 

87. Wesley S., b. June 29, 1841; m. Josephine S. Adam-. December 20, 1871. 
one child, James Ellis, b. April 10, [882 

88. Arabella, b. January 21, 1843; m. John Showed. September 12. 181,4 
two children, Sarali A., and Mary 1! 

89. Rachael, b. July 2, 1844; 111 Kpliraim Connelley, December 25, 18(14. 
six children: 104. David S. b September [6, [866, d October 23. 1S07; 105. 
106. Narcia; 107. Abigail; [08. Lorine; 109. Japhet T., b. August 8. [888; d June 6, 1898 

90. Silas, b. September 13. 1840; m. Mary L. Reeves. November 2. [869. They had 
seven children: no. William; 111. Leahetta, b. August 22. 1872. d. November 16. 1879; 
112. Thompson; 113. Katie, b. February 21. 1877. 114. Rachael: 115. Oscar; 116. Sinclair. 

no. William in. Caroline Lake, April 22. iX'ji They had three children: [rwin, 
Leahetta and Rebecca. 



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DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

92. Reasin R.. b. April 10. 1840.: m. Mary Ann Conover. They had three children: 
117. Elmira; 118. James S.; 110. Mayme. 

1 IT- Elmira m. John W. Mathews. They had three children: Yiola. Hattie and I 

118. James S. m. Hattie Holmes. They had one child. Marvie. 

no. Mayme m. Burroughs Crowley, no children. 

Q.;. Peter, b. March 8. 1851: drowned at Ocean City, November 14. 1885: in. Ira L si 
March 1. i88j. They had two children: Somers and Carrie. 

94 William, b. December 6, 1852: m. Jemima G. Conover. August 21, r8/8. They had 
one child: Oscar, b. Decei ber 25 <v February jo. 1881. 

95. Macajah C. b. October 2. 1854: m. Louisa J. Doebelle. October o. 18S1. They had 
two children. Ephraim C. and Rena. 

06. Lemuel O. b. December 21, 1857: m. Almeda Blackmail. December 21, 1881. They 
had one child 

97. Argereene. b. May u. 1850: m. Thomas Stewart. September u. 1880. They had 
one child. Thi 

08. Frederick, b. Aug 1861; m. Dora Ross. January" 12. 1880. The have one 

child. Etta K. 

13. Richard, b. April Jo ^. ; Margaret Risley. They had one child: ijo. David 
R. Boice, who 111. Alice, daughter of Joseph Irelan. They had two children: Maggie, who 
m. Richard Garwood, and Minnie, who 111. John Scull. 

14. Ebenezer, b. June jo. 1828, supposed to have been drowned. 

15. Angeline, b. July 1. 18.TO; d. November jo. 185J. not married. 

10. David, b. December 14. 18.56: m. Sarah Penyard in 1S01. They had four children: 
George; uj. Edward: 123. Theodore: U4. Harrison. 

George, b. 18& - . • . No children. 

-. Edward, b. 1864: m. Annabelle Rice in 18S4: one child. Dora, born 1885 
Theodore, b. 1800: d. 18.14: m. Eva Riley. No children. 
Harrison, b. 1S71; m. Christine Keobermick in 1891. They had one 
I >re. 



BRYANT FAM1LN. 



Isaac Bryant and his family emigrated from Scotland to Canada about the year 1780. 

A illiam was then a baby. When the boy was older, so family tradition runs. 

he ran away from his Canadian home, and came to Philadelphia, where he learned the trade 

cksmith. He found nt at old Martha iron furnace, in Burlington County. 

rt married Mariby Clifford, of Tuckerton. and had a family of rive children: (3) 

Hettie. u x Isaac. (5) John. vo> liar.- - rge. 

In the war of i8u. William, the father, enlisted and saw service with Commander 
Oliver H. Perry, who vanquished Commodore Barclay on lake Erie in that memorable 
- - 5 tember 1,5. 1813. William died at the home of his son John, when he 

was in charge of the salt works on Absecon Beach, about - - 

3 John Bryant was born in Philadelphia in 180.;. He probably learned the trade of 
his father. When a young man he went to Martha Furnace, where he was employed smelt- 
n for Daniel Lake. ... Sarah, he married. About 1830 he moved to this 

island from Lehman's Beach, in Cape May County, to operate the salt works at the "Point 
01 Beach." or near Baltic and Maine avenues. In 1840 he moved to what is now South 
Atlantic City, where he operated another salt plant and where he continued to live for 
thirty-rive years. There he was in charge of the Government Life Saving Station, and was 
a wrecking master when vessels came ashore, which they often did in those days. 

In a story and a half house, J4^J4- with a little bedroom in one corner and two rooms 



BR\' \\'T FAMILY. •"•7'.' 

up stairs, lie lived, selling salt, oystei and clams, and rearing .1 large famil) ol children 
It was here that ex Mayor John Lake Bryant was born and passed his boyhood days with 
plentj "i rough experience. It was here that John Lake Young passed his early years at 
the home of his grandfather, after the death of his father, James Young, and his mother, 
Mary \nn Bryant. 

\ few years before his death, which occurred April ,$. 1X7X. when sick and infirm he 
was moved by his family to (his city to a cottage owned bj his wife on Georgia avenue, 
where a room was especially prepared to sun him The old house was torn down so that 
his return to it should be an impossibility. His widow. Sarah Lake Bryant, survived him 
1 veral years, dying February (6, [895, aged 87 years. The children were: 
(8) Uice, u ho died young. 

(mi Margaret, b. August 30, 1828, in Lake Uberl on, .1 August, [876. 
1 mi Mary Ann. b. June 20, 1830, in lames Voung, d. 1856. 

(11) Abagail, b. May 20, [832; d. 1846 

(12) Sarah Jane, b, May 10, [834; m. Thomas Sampson; d. [858. 

(13) Hannah, b March 23, 1836; m llm, ;i,- Westcott; d. July, [872. Their onlj eh, Id. 
William Carter Westcott, b, October 25, [868, is (he well-known druggist of this city. 

(141 Clara, b. March 21, [836; m. Alfred Adams, in 1X51), and had seven children: Lewis 
Reed, b. Januarj io, [860, 111 Sarah [nman; Alfred Barclay, b. Novembei 30, [861, m. May 
Lindley; George C. b. Maj 6, 1864, d September, [865; May (due. b. August 14. 1866; 
Carrie, h. October 26, [869; Bently Bryant, b. December 21, [871; and Pauline, b. August 
3, 1S-5. m. Fred S. Holmes, and lives in Pittsburg. 

(151 Asenath, 1, March 21, 1X411; m J,din SI. , .111, has one child, Charles, and lives at 
Spring Lake. X. J 

1 i(o Elnora, l>. May 29, 1842, m. Benjamin Willits, d. October 1. [879, had five children: 
Elmer, b. November, [861, d. 1895; Sallie, b. February, [865, m. Thomas Lotton; William, 
b. April. 1863, m. Ella Royal; George, b, August, 1X70. m. Lizzie Wicks; John, b. May, 1X7.;. 

111. Emma Lee. 

(171 John Lake. b. April _>;, 1X44. at the home of his uncle. Lucas Lake, at Pleasant- 
ville; m. on Tuesday. January X, 1X70, Sarah Thompson; d. October X. [883. He was a 
contractor and builder and was prominent in public affairs. lie was a member of ( ouni ,1 
in 1X75 and 1XX0; was Mayor in 1X7X. and was dialed to the Stale \ semblj the year before 
he died, serving during the s,s.„,,i .,1 r883. His only surviving issue is Lieut -Col Lewis "I'. 
Bryant, ol the Morris Guards. 

(18) George C, 1>. May 14. 1X4O; m. Amanda Leeds; d. September, 1X7J. He was a 
member of Council in [872. 

1 101 Wine I . b. December 16, [846; m. Christopher Wolbert, and had four children: 
Ethel and Lottie, twills; Ethel m. William Rice and Lottie 111 Roland Lake: Charles and 
Hattie. 

1 jo 1 Harriet S. h Januarj 11. (853; m Soloman Johnson 



CLARK FAMILY. 



In the early history of Atlantic County (he Clark family was prominent, as witness 
the name Clarklowu, near Mays Landing, and (larks Landing, on the Mullica River, near 
E gg I [arbor < litj 

Now, Clifford Stanley Sims, in 1X70. while a United States Consul at PrestCOtt, Canada, 
compiled anil published the following account of the Clark family, which is regarded as 
authoritative Copies ol this pamphlet are quite rare: 

1. Thomas Clark, of Milford, Connecticut, probably brother of George (dark. Jr., of 

Milford, ami oi John Clark. .,1 Saybrook, who came from . Hertfordshire, England; 

took the oath of Fidelity at Xew Haven, 11.54; married Ann. widow of John Jordan, of 



380 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Guilford, 1(154. She was a relative of Governor Fenwich. After his marriage he lived at 
Guilford, where, December 2, (658, John Hill, ol Guilford, sued Thomas Clark for slander. 

The plaintiff declared that the defendant both slanderouslj reported that he. the said John 
Hill, laid violent hands upon him and took him by the collar or throat and shook him and 
offered to strike him with his fork and another while with his rist. which the said Hill 
denied, and so looks upon himself as wronged ami desired satisfaction of the slander. 

Mr. Clark gave the truth in evidence, which he fully sustained, so that the court 
awarded that the defendant was not guilty of slandering Hill and awarded the defendant 
his cost. 

Thomas Clark died October 10. [668; Inventory, £220; Mrs. Ann Clark died at Say- 
brook. January 3, [672; Inventory at Guilford, £20; at Saybrook, i.77. Abraham Post, of 
Saybrook, who had married her daughter. Mary Jordan, was her administrator. 

Children. — 1. Daniel, b. January. 1657-8. -'. Sarah. ,}. Elizabeth. 

II. — 1. Daniel Clark, of Killingworth. Conn., married Mary . 

Children. — 4. Daniel, b. February .;. [683-4. 5- Thomas, b. February 11. [686-7 ''- 
Mercy, b. October 9. 1702: married John Willett. Mrs. Mary Clark, the mother, married, 
secondly. Philip Bill, of New London and Groten, and died July 10. 1739, age So years 

III. — ?. Thomas Clark married Hannah . Married, second, in [735, Ruth, by 

whom he had no issue, lie settled at Clarks Landing, on the banks of the Mullica river, 
within the present limits of Egg Harbor City. By the first wife. Hannah, there were four 
sons: 7. Thomas, m. Sarah Parker, of Saybrook, in 1740. 8. David, m. and had five sons 
and one daughter, 9. Samuel, a Presbyterian clergyman. 10. Elijah, b. 17.?2. After the 
death of Hannah, the first wife. Thomas, the eldest son. then a young man of nineteen, was 
sent on horseback by his father to Connecticut to bring back a certain old acquaintance of 
his father's for a step-mother. While in New Haven on this delicate errand, he met and 
fell in love with the beautiful and accomplished Sallie Parker. He secured the step- 
mother and brought her home on the led horse which he took with him. and two years 
later, in 1840. returned for his bride. For a wedding gift he gave her a string of Guinea 
gold beads, which are still held, with the gold eardrops, by the Misses Porter, of Atlantic 
City, descendants of the family, as an interesting heirloom. 

IV. — 10. Elijah Clark, of Pleasant Mills, and afterwards of Hinchman Farm. N J.. 
married Jane Lardner, was a Colonel in the New Jersey Militia during the Revolution, and 
a member of the Provincial Congress, in 1775; d. December 9, 1795. 

Children. — 11. Lardner. left issue, u. Elisha, m. Louisa Clark, a cousin, left issue. 
13. Rebecca, m. James Vanuxem, and left issue. 14. Debora. d. s. p. (d. without issue). 15. 
John Lardner. b. March 20. 1770. 16. Josiah. d. s. p, 17. Mary. m. Francis Bernoudi and 
left issue 

V. — 15. John Lardner Clark, of Philadelphia, married first in August, 1797. Sophia 
Marion Ross. She died January 25, [812; married, second. Ann Cox, September. 1 S 1 5 
She died 111 December, 1S17, without issue John Lardner died Maj 7. 1837. 

Children. — 18. Charles Ross. b. January 1. 1708. .1 s. ], ui. Charles Ro-s. 1, September 
17. 1799- d. s. p. jo. Louisa Vanuxem, b. August 1. 1801. 21. Brainerd. b. July j;. 180.^. 
22. Emeline, b. July 22. 1805. d. s. p. 2,?. Emeline Marion. 1>. October 8. 1807. 

VI. — 20. Louisa V. Clark married June ,!. 182.!. Thomas Neal Sims, of Mount Holly. 
N. J.; married, second. December 20. [839, James Peacock, of Harrisburg, Pa., by whom 
she had no issue: died May 2. 1869. 

Children.— 24. Sophia Marion, b. March 25. 1824. d. s. p. 25. Alfred William, b. Sep- 
tember 21. 182(1 20. Louisa Clark, b. June 10. i8;n. d. S. p 

VII. — 25. Alfred William Sims, of Woodstock, Vermont, married June 2. 185D. Adelaide, 
daughter of William Sowden, of Port Hope, Canada. 

Children. — 27. Harry Neal. b. July 30. 1857. 28. William Sowden. b. October 15. 1858. 
29. Louisa Peacock, l> June 22. i860, 30. James Peacock, b. March 1. 18(12. d. s. p. 51. 
Alfred Varley, b. September 21. 1804 32. Mary Stewart, b. April \<\ (868 



CLARK FAMILY. 3B1 

VII.— 21. Brainard Clark, of Mount Holly, married Sarah Jane Coppuch, July. 1830; 
died April 17, 1837. 

Children.— 33. Adelaide Louisa, b. August 30, 1831. 34 Louis James, b. November 
9. 1833. 35. Frederick William, b. May. 1836. 

VII.— 34. Louis James Clark, of Philadelphia, married Susan Stones. February II, 1869. 

VII.— 35. Frederick William Clark, of Norfolk, Ya . married Susan Gamage, Novem- 
ber, 1861; died December, 1862. 

Children.— 36. Frederick William, b. September, 1862. 

VI.— 23. Emeline Marion Clark, married December 8, 1830, John Clark Sims, of Phila- 
delphia. 

Children.— 37— Flenry Augustus, b. December 22. 1832. 38. Clifford Stanley, b. Feb- 
ruary j. 1855, d. v p. 39. Celanaire Bernoudi, b. July 21, 1837. 40. Clifford Stanley. 1> Feb- 
ruary 17, 1S39. 41. John Clark, b. September 12, 1845; admitted to membership in the 
Society of Cincinnati of New Jersey, July 4. 1867, as representative of his great, great grand- 
father, Surgeon Alexander Ross. 42. James Peacock, b. November 15. 184.) 

VII.— 37. Henry Augustus Sims, of Philadelphia, married June 30, 1864. Mary, daughter 
of Alpheus Jones, of Prescott, Canada. 

Children.— 43. John Clark, b. April 19. 1865. d. s. p. 44. John Clark, b. May 4. 1866. 

VII.— 39. Celanire Bernoudi Sims married, November 3, 1859, William Smith Forbes, 
M. D., of Philadelphia. 

Children.— 45. Emeline Sims, b. July 29. i860. 46. Murray, b. June 2T,. 1863. 47. John 
Sims, b. May 7, 1866. 48. William Sims. b. November 21, 1868, 

VII.— 40. Clifford Stanley Sims, of Prairie Ridge Plantation. Arkansas, married. August 
2, 1865, Mary Josephine, daughter of Charles Steadman Ambercrombie, M. D.. of Rose- 
land, Tennessee, admitted to membership in the Society of Cincinnati of New Jersey, July 4, 
1861, as representative of his great grandfather. Maim- John Ross; entered the U. S. Navy 
as Captain's clerk, in 1862: appointed assistant paymaster. 1863: appointed Judge Advocate 
General of Arkansas, in 1864; elected Delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, in 
1867; elected Representative to the Legislature, in 1868. appointed Commissioner to digesl 
the statutes, 1868: appointed U. S. Consul to Prescott, Canada, 1869. 

Children. — 49. Charles Aubercrombie, b. June 5. 1866. 50. Clifford Stanley, b. January 
12, 1868. 51. Lancelot Falcon, b. January 5. 1870. 

7. Thomas Clark, m. Sarah Parker, previous 0. 1740. and had three sons and five 
daughters. 

52 Adne_l_ in., first, Judith Hampton, of Haddonfield; second. Elizabeth Hillman, by 
whom he had seven children: Frances m. Dr. Reuben Baker and had one child; Harriet 
111. Wm. Irving, of (lid Gloucester, ami had two children. Gideon and Elizabeth; Alice m. 
Sherman Clark and had six children. Harriet. Alice, Judith. Adriel. Henry and Isaac; John 
who mysteriously disappeared, supposed to have been drowned; George, wdio likewise dis- 
appeared; Elizabeth; John, second. 

53. Parker 111. Martha Leek and had ten children: Ann. b. December 6, 1791; m. 

Murphy; d. 1885. Louisa, b. 1703; m. David Frambes; d. 1882. Charlotte, b. December 2, 
1705; 111 Ceil. Enoch Doughty and had nine children. (See sketch of Doughty family.) 
Thomas, b. 1798; d. of yellow fever. Sarah, b. March 11. 1800; m. Nathaniel Doughty; d. 

1889. Reuben m. Phoebe ; d. 1865. James, b. September 17. 1804; 111. Maria Sooy; d. 

1894. Mary. b. December 14. 1806; m. first. Jacob Somers; second, Absalom Cordery, d 
March 19. 1900. Susanna, b. March 25, [810; m. Isaac Smith. Martha, b. November 4. 
1812; fi. 1887. 

living. Susanna, b. March 25, 1810; 111 Isaac Smith. Martha, b. November 4. 1812; d [887. 

54. Reuben m., first, Mary Rape; second, Olivia Clark. By his first wife he had two 
children, Hannah and Christopher (died young). Hannah, b. 1793. m. Judge Joseph Porter. 
d. 1875. Judge Porter first had a country store at Haddonfield. Later with Thomas and 



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CLARK FAMILY 383 

68 Submitte married, first, Walter Clark, December 28, [818; second, Absalom 11 bi 
No 1 ;ue bj either. 

(k). Rebecca married George Clark, Februarj [8, [827; died and buried in New York 
State. Children: 79. Submitte, b, Januarj 11, [828, who married William W. Williams 
,11 New York; had children. 80. Morton. 81 Jennie 82. Mary. 83. Flora. 84. Wil- 
liam W 

70. James (.'lark m. Sarah Endicott, Vugust [3, [826; he d. and was buried in New 
York State. 

71. David (lark m Phoebi bei 15, 1828; had children: 85. Bethiah, b. 

September 17. [829. 86. Thomas, b. August -'-', (831; drowned of) Brigantine 

85. Bethiah Clark m. Enoch Higbee Maj [6, [852; had children: 87. Absalom IT. b. 
May 3, 1S5.V 88. Joab, b. May 11, 1855. 89. Thomas, b. September 22, 1858; d. Octobei 
jj. [892. 90. Mittee, b. January 14. [861. 91, Enoch \. b Vpril 22, [863 92. Sallie, b. 
July 27, (866; d. September 7, [867. 93. Evalena, b. April 7. 1X71 

72. Mark Clark in. Roxanna Clark, June 25, 1831, daughter of Reuben and 1 Hive < lai k, 
oi Clarks Landing; had children: 94. Addison. 95. Nelson 96 George 97 Joseph. 98. 
Mark. 99. Edward. 100. Angeline. mi. Hannah. 102. Mary. 103. Olive. 104. Rebecca. 
1115. Roxanna. [06. Clara. 

( )| the above Addison, Nelson, George, Angeline and Roxanna arc dead, 

[02. .Mary Clark in. Herman Kayser; have children: 107. Clara. 108 Herman, ioy. 

Louis. 

7,!. Elizabeth Clark m. John Collins, August 7. [831; had children. (See history of 

the Collins family.) 

74. Thomas Clark m. Sarah C Cordery, November 6, 1X40. Children: no Absalom 
E . b 1 tctober 7, [842. 

tio. Absalom E. Clark m. Annie Rose, of Trenton. N. J. January 29, [873; In d 

December 23, (894; had children: III. Warren T., b. January I. [874. 112. Howard B., 

li Maj 31, [878. 113. Edna, b. September 23, [892. 

75. Lardner Clark m., first, Ann Chamberlain, January 7. [843, bj whom he had three 
children: 114 Sarah. 115. Thomas. n6. Joab, all dead. 

Married, second, Elizabeth Endicott. June 5, [852, bj whom he had the following 
children: 117. Ann S., b. February 26, [853. ti8. Whitfield, b. December 2, 1854; d. July 
28, [883. no Mary Etta, b. November 28, [859, 120. Elizabeth, "b. July 6, 1864. ui, 
Irene C. b. August 16, [866. 

76. Mary Ann (dark m. John Higbee; had children: [22. Walter. [23. Burroughs. 
i.'4. Sarah. 125. Mary Ann. 126. Absalom. 127. Thomas. 128. Emeline. [29. Mark. 

77. Caroline Clark in Henry Simons; had children: [30. Thomas. [31. Caroline. [32. 
Frances. 133. Harry. [34, Jennie. [35. Charles. [36 I. aura. 

78. Emeline Clark 111. Jacob Philips, had one son. who lived to grow up. Married and 
died at the age of forty, leaving several children 111 Philadelphia. 

A number of the Clark family fought on the side of the colonies in then- struggle for 
independence. Among the names of Revolutionary soldiers of 177(1. as compiled by Wil- 
liam Stryker, Adjutant General ol New Jersey, one maj find on the roll from the Countj 
of Gloucester, Benjamin (dark, Joseph ("lark. Reuben (lark. Adriel (lark. David Clark, 
Parker (dark. Thomas Clark, and John (.lark, and on page 358 of said record you will find 

this note: 

Elijah (.dark. Lieutenant Colonel Second Battalion Gloucester, resigned November 6 

1777. to become a nieinhcr of Assemblj 

Thus nine descendants of the early settler. Thomas (dark, fought to establish the inde 
pendence of this country. The graves oi foui :<<r to the writer unknown, love lie buried 
beneath the soil of the Clark's Mill burying ground. Port Republic. 

Not only were the (darks prominent as soldiers of the Revolution, but thej were 



334 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

leading members of the community in which they resided. Many of them wore identified 
with the early Christian work in this enmity. The old Clark's Mill Meeting House, which 
stood on the outskirts of what is now Port Republic, was established with their aid, and 
the Clark's Mill burying ground was one of the rir~t church burying grounds of this county. 



COLLINS FAMILY. 

The founder of the Collins family in this country was one Richard Collins. M. D.. the 
firsl resident physician in Gloucester County, as it was called at that time. He came as 
early as 1765 to the new world, from Ireland, where. he was born. May I. 1 7-5 A large 
tract of land in Gallowaj township was purchased by him and improved, and has since been 
known as Collins Mills. It is located about one mile west of Smithville, in this county. 
Mi Collins was married previous to his coming to America, his one child by the first 
marriage being Elizabeth, who married, first. John Holmes, and. second. Christopher 
I. mil. 1111. both of Cape May County. Dr. Richard afterward married Sarah Griffith, 01 
Pennsylvania, who bore him rive children. Here in the wilderness Dr. Collins toiled, 
re; red and educated his family while ministering to the physical needs of the people ovei 
a large tract of country, embracing what is now Atlantic County, and parts of surrounding 
counties. Physically Dr. Collins was a giant, and even though great age came upon him. 
his form was ever erect and active He was a man of great intellectual as well as moral 
force and of positive character; so much so indeed as to incline to eccentricity, in the opin- 
ions of his neighbors. Living, as he did. in the midst of Quakers, he adopted their mode 
o! dress and speech, though he was a Roman Catholic when he arrived in America. Letters 
in the possession of some of his descendants prove, however, that the Doctor died in the 
Methodist faith. In a letter he wrote. "I have reared one son a Methodist, one a Quaker, 
and one a Universalist, but one of these days I'll take a short cut and beat them all to 
heaven." 

Not long before the Doctor's death he invited home all his accessible children and 
their families. Andrew Scull. Sr., a grand-child, then aged 10 years, said of him: "That 
lie had provided immense quantities of bread and honey for the children, and he remem- 
bers him alternately laughing to see them make way with it and weeping because he prob- 
ably should see their faces no more. Dr. Collins died in 1808. and was buried on his farm 
at Collins' Mills, where his tomb and those of his wife and some of his children may yet be 
seen. 

The children of Richard Collins and Sarah Griffiths were: 2. Matthew, b. May 7. 
17(14; d. September go. 1851; in. (1) Judith Smith; (2) Sylvia Endicott Smith. 

3. John. b. November 1. 17(10; d. August _>_'. [845; m. Sarah Blackmail. November, 170;. 

4 Levi. b. September 20, 1772: d. March 24. 1813; m. Asenath Lake. August 11.. 1801 

5. Alice, b. August 27, 1770: d November i_\ 1833; m. Abel Scull. 

A daughter, who died in infancy. 

-' Matthew Collins, b May 7, [764; d. September _'o. 1851. was a celebrated surveyoi 
in Xew Jersey. He was collector of customs for the District of Great Egg Harbor from 
1807 to 1809. He married, first. Judith Smith and had the following children: 6. Elizabeth, 
in Richard Ireland. 7. Sophia, 111. Joseph Endicott. 8. Alice (or Elsie), m. Benjamin 
Smith. 0. Mary. m. Jesse Clark 10. Nancy, m.. first. Reed Steelman; second. Leeds Steel 
man. 11. James 1L m.. first. Amy VVolberton; second, Abigail Strang. 12. Mark, un- 
married. 13. Levi, unmarried. 14 Phoebe, m. Anthony Ireland. 15. Sarah, m. Absalom 
Higbee 16. Richard, b October 11. [798; d May 22, 183:;; m. Elizabeth Sooy or Wilson 
17 Elisha, m.. went west 

2. Matthew Collins afterward married Sylvia (Endicott) Smith, widow- of Robert 
Smith 



( ( ILLINS F \\l\\.\ 385 

6 Elizabeth Collins m. Richard Ireland, and had Letice, m., first, Jacob Henrj Van 
sorn; second, Absalom Higbee. 

Letice and Jacob Henrj Vansorn had Henry, who m. Sarah B Cordery, daughtei ol 
Enoch Cordery 

7. Sophia Collins m. Joseph Endicott, and had Rebecca, who m, Peter Wright; Harriet, 
unmarried; Sarah, in. Jerry Adams; John, m. Smith; Joseph Henry, unmarried 

8. Alice Collins, ni, Benjamin Smith, and had Lardner, Benjamin, John, Jndith. Phoebe, 
Elisha, Sylvia, Mark. 

9. .Mary Collins m. Jesse Clark, They had Ralph, d. in early life; Oliver, d. in early 
life; Alden, d. in early life: Lizzie, d. in early life; Mary. m. Jerry Adams; Jesse, d. in 
Andersonville prison, war of the Rebellion. 

10. Nancy Collins, in., first. Reed Steelman. They had Judith, unmarried; Rainy, m 
Finly; Elisha, Absalom, Wesley. 

11. James II. Collins m.. first. Amy Wolberton. They had: [X. Ann. m. Samuel Slim 
19. Urbana, 111.. first. James 1',. Carter; second, William Griffiths. 

Ann and Samuel Slim had Walton, m. Lizzie Jackson; Frank, m. Jennie Robinson; 
Emma, m. Frank Haley; Lewis. Charlotte 

11. James II. Collins m . second, Abigail Strang, and had: 20. Emma, m. Albert 
Willis. 21. Matthew, m. Jane Simpson. 22. Isabelle, 111. James Allen. 23. Joseph, in. 

Arivilda Steelman. 24. Thomas, m. Miss Wince, of Sweedsboro. 25. Lillie, m. Spitzer. 

26. Walter, m Xettie W'l 1 -7 Abigail, m. Jacob Lollard. 

3. John Collins. 1> November 1. 17(10. was the second son of the pioneer, Dr. Richard 
Collins, and may lie rightly claimed as one of the founders of Methodism in America. 
Converted at Smithville, this comity, in 1704. he was soon licensed as a local preacher and 
travelled extensively through a large part oi West Jersey. His wife was Sarah Blackman, 
daughter of David Blackman. of English Creek. She was a most loyal and efficient help 
meet in his Christian labors. In [803 he removed to Ohio with his family, and took up an 
extensive tract of land in Clermont County. 

Mr. Collins preached the lirst Methodist sermon in Cincinnati in 1X04 and joined the 
travelling connection in [807. He established the lirst society m Dayton, t8o8, and was 
made Presiding Elder in 1819. It is said by various historians of the church that the Meth 
odists had not 111 its early days a more successful preacher than Mr. Collins The follow- 
ing 1 a description of him, given by an eye-witness: 

"The occasion was a quarterly meeting in Ohio The meeting was opened by a young 
man who. [ was informed, had been recently initiated into the ministry. lie was followed 
by an old man dressed in linsey woolsey. lie was tall and thin; his head was whitened by 
the frost of years; his countenance was one that nun love to look upon; there was nothing 
remarkable or peculiar in his features; his forehead was high and a little projecting; his 
eyes small and sunken; his nose thin and a little aquiline, ami chin rather long. Bui he 
had an expression of countenance that is not easily forgotten. As he arose every eye was 
riveted on him. ami such was the silence of the large assembly that the softest whisper might 
have been heard. I felt that I was in the presence of no ordinary man. lie read the 
parable of the "Prodigal Son," and so preached and illustrated the text that the whole 
assembly burst into an involuntary gush of tears, such were his oratorical powi 1 

After being in the west for a short time. Rev. Mr. Collins became, worried over the 
spiritual welfare of his father, the old Doctor, who had tried the Quaker religion after 
renouncing Catholicism, so he returned to the old homestead at Collins' Mills 011 a religious 
mission. Some days after his return his father said to him: "John, we are all glad to see 
thee, but I don't like thy religion." This was unexpected and greatlj depressed John. 
After some reflection he resolved to spend the whole of the ensuing night in prayer for his 
father. 

Accordingly, at nightfall, after supper, he retired to the barn, that he might not be 
25 



386 DAIL\ UNION HISTORY OF VTLANTIC COUNTY. 

interrupted. Here lie engaged in fervent prayer until near 10 o'clock Sonic one k 
at the barn door, but he made no answer. In a short time another messenger came and 
opening the door discovered him. This mess< ger was his sist • experienced 

religion and who informed him that he had been sought tor in his room, at his brother's. 
i other places, and that be in the barn. She told him 

their father was suffering the greatest mental agony and wished to see him. With 
heart Mr Collins hurried to the room ot' his father and. embracing him. wept and prayed 
with him. The struggle continued until near daylight, when deliverance came. His father 
triumph." Life of John Collins. This briefly is a part of 
the life of thi^ a —tic of Meth- 

odism through the \ western Territory. A sketch of his life was published by the 

Western Book Concern m 1S40; to this the writer is indebted, and also to Mrs. Anna 
Collins Fleming, w '. ssessi I of many of the letters and private papers of ]\A\n 

Collins. 

He died in 1S45. at the g \ marble shaft marks his resting place in th< 

churchyard at Bethel, near the road to Ripley, Ohio. The children of John Collins and 
ghters and id Richard. 

4 Levi Collins, b. Septembei -'4. iSij; m. Asenath Lake. Aug 

81 She was - ~ - nal pioneer. Daniel Lake and Sarah Lucas, his wife. 

er and farmer, and ■. ; Republic. The . 

8 S Griffiths, b 

Esther, b. December .;. 1804; m. Peter En? - John, b. October 13 

;-. Daniel 1 80S; d. Jv rember •?. 

ngersoll, K 831. - 

111 Albertson, July 8 , b. Febraarj --4. 8 

March 20, lSl3 

- v., Collins, b. Aug Scull, son of Joseph and Sarah S 

S Sus - ■> chard S ■ abel 

Andrew Scull, m.. :'. - 1 S< second, Marj Sc» V 

man: Mary S English; 

Leeds: Sarah Si - 

John Broderick; Nancy S - 

liam Scull. 

2 ish. They ha 
S 
\ 

September 18, iS 
' 

S 
James T. in 

8 

September S. E 
September 8, 18 - j; tn. S - 

■ 

S61. 38 gus 

\ - 
v 5 •. September 17, 1843; m. Jess 

5, 1SS9. gust 185 ! v 

8 8 

s 

- • 



COLLINS F \.\lll.\ 387 

45. Gilbert Henry, b Decembei 27, [862: m. Florence Shivers Fortiner, November 9, 1887. 
(6 t arrie Francis, b, May, 1865; m \\ illiam B I. 

37. Daniel Collins, b October 17, [837; m. Elizabeth Lippincotl Octobei 17, [861. 
Hi. ) had: 47. Thomas Jefferson, b, December 28, [862; m Maj Mitchell, Decembei 1 
[890 48 Daniel Newman, b. May 23, 1865. 

38. Marj < aroline < ollins, b August 25, 1839; m William Nelson French, Decembei 
in. r864 Thej had: Courtland Y.. b. September 27, 1866; .1 October 3, [867. lona b 
June hi. [869; .1. August [6, [870 William Collins, b. July 30, 1870. Alice Matilda, b. 
August jj. 1K7J. Emma Belle, b. March 25, 1X7.1. Bessie Virginia, I. September 2, 1875. 
Samuel Tildi n, b Januarj 23, [877 

39 Richard Siner Collins, b, July 17. 1841; in "ulaline S Green, Maj 1. 1867, rhej 

had: 49, Elizabeth, b. March 5, 1868. 50. Clai Warren b rune 5, 1870; m Anna 

Ridgway Gallagher, June 29, [898. 51, Georgianna, li March 7. [872; m. Charles N Blake, 
Maj 20, 1891. 52. Maria Taylor, I. March 1, 1876; m John Godbou Thomas, June 21, 1899. 

ji. Daniel Lake Collins, b. July 17. [808, at Collin Mill, near Smithville, Atlantic 
County, N. J., was bound out to his mother's brother, Daniel Lake, when foui yeai 
II. received his early instruction under said Daniel Lake, who was a Quaker and urveyor, 
living in Smith's Landing, on the shore road, on land now owned by John B. Smith 

Daniel Lake I ollins learned surveying, and when he became ol a ived $1,600 a: his 

share of his father's estati (4 Levi Collin 1 Si aftei In tool a nine months' trip 

through tlii- west with Mark Lake. Upon Ins return he was married and lived on the 
[ngei .•!! place. Mis marriage took place November 30, [831, to Mary Ann fngei oil 
. 1 . 1 1 • • • 1 1 1 . 1 ol 1 aai [ngei oil, and Milln.ni Steelman, who after Isaac's death married b :n 

miali Leeds. He bought the Collin's I lead, which 1 (tended originallj along shore 

road from Wood lane (Tilton road) to the county farm, and contained about i" ; -' acri 
Daniel iva a verj well read and thoughtful man. contemporaries saying of him that hi 
was one of the greatest brains thi count; had 1 ei produced In form he was largi and 
powerful ami had great endurance, part of which he attributed to abstemious habil and 
the cold water treatment to which hi was an adherent Uso learned the trade ol pla terei 

(mason) in Philadelphia, and cobbler, having done tin f; Ij mending His propertj wa 

afterward increased by the purchase of one-third of the Daniel Lake farm, and from this 
purchase he followed farming and oyster planting, making considerable money in the latter 

business. Vbout [850 he began inve ting h ning in beach property, owning at different 

times with Col Daniel Morri .Joseph Ireland, eti , large tracts on thi now famou \l n 

Beach. About ten yeai I re hi death he lived .1 retired life Died November 5, [887, 

and was buried by Ins own request in the familj burying ground on the old Dr. Richard 
Collin farm, neai Smithville. His children wen 

53. Isaac, b August 7. [832; m., first, ( atherine Golden, November 23, 1854; m., 
second, Almira Garwood, June 13, 1885. 54. John, b September _'4. [834; m Rebecca 
Price, Septembei .-i. 1855 55 Milicent, b December 13, 1836; d. July 21, [874; m Henrj 
Risley, October u. 1X54: 56. Vsenath, b April 26, [839; d. February to, [870; m William 
A Bowen, Septembei to, 1859, 57- Sarah, b. July 26, [841; m., first, William S. ' aziei 
January 1. (858; second, Noah Adams. April 26, (865; m., third. Daniel Peterson, January 
29, 1875. 58. Joseph I., b. February 8, iS||: m Eunice S Bevi Juni [6 [864 

man I '.. ],. July 15. iX|i, m in 1. Isabella O'Donnell, November 10, t86( nd Georg 

lamia Reeves, November 7. [886 60. Esthei Mm. b Vpril 4, [849; d. December 24, [872. 
61. Nur I.. I. June 1. 1851; d. May 9, 1876 62 Marj Ann. b. November 29, 1854; m. 
James Lewis Risley, January 1. [873 

53, Isaac Collins was born August 7. [832, on the Ingersoll place, south idi 

mad. n.'.n tin residei John Collins, Pleasantville M ived an ordinary 

education at Salem school (Smith's Landing), and worked on the farm until _m yeai ol 
age, when he received from In Fathei om acre, where hi pn enl r< idi 



388 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

ried November 23, [854, Catherine Golden, of Philadelphia, and built his present home 
[855 lli- occupation was farming and oyster planting, delivering the products to Atlantic 
City, when the business was first started by boats and -till continuing. He is a successful 

;paragus and strawberry grower, having a system of irrigation in operation during 
strawberry season to overcome the usual drought. In 1881 was influenced by the united 
parties of Independents, Democrats and Prohibitionists, to accept the nomination for 
Sheriff. The fight was warm and well contested, he being successful by a majority of about 
300 over his opponent. Simon L Westcott. His Deputy as Sheriff \\a- Jos. A. Peck. In 
i8Sj Isaac was nominated foi State Senator, but defeated by 300 votes by John J. Gardner. 
His life has been influential and exemplary, and retired from active political life, he repre- 
sents a sterling type of Atlantic County's country-gentleman. He married Mrs. Almira 

irood, June 13, 1885. some years after the death of Catherine Golden. 

Children of Isaac Collin- and Catherine Golden were: 63. Annie E., b. February 14. 
[856; d \pnl 28, [883; in. John Parcels. April 14. 1879. ''4 Mary Caroline, b. Max 31 
(858; in. John P. Ashmead, January jo. 1877. 65. Thomas War. b. t86o; d. i860. 66. 
Katie Xear. 1), [862; d. 1863. 67. Nur J.. 1). March 5. 1804; m Evalena Ireland, March 22. 
1887. 68 Hugh M . b. May 18. 1805; 111. Kate Blanche Newell, December 10. 18.84 69 
Daniel Lake. b. April 22. 18(17: m. Elizabeth Ryon, October 10. 1804. 70. Kate Golden. 
b. January 21, 1871: d. September 7. 1880. 71. Agnes May. b, April 1. 1876: m. John 
Andrews, February jo. 1800 72. Ida. 1. February u. 1878: d. February [3, 1878. 

54, John Collins, b. September J4. 1834; m. Rebecca Price. September 24, 1855. They 
had: 73. Burris. b. March 22, 1850; m Sarah Elizabeth Jester, May 31, 1881. 74 John 
Henry, b. February 20, 1858: m. Arabella Kings. April 7. 1878. 75. Thomas Jefferson, b. 
April 2. i860; d. February 6 t8 76 Marj Eliza, b. January 1.;. 1862; m. Frank Blackmail. 
December o. 1880. 77. Milicent Leeds, b. April 10. 1804: m. Josiah E. Rislev. August u. 
180T. 78 Mark Price, b. April 23, 1807; d. September 27, 1868. 70. Alice Moore, b. Jan- 
uary s. 1870. 80. Haddie Nelson, 1 . January 15. 1872; m. Wilbur Reed. May jo. 1896 81. 
Rover Moore, b. July o. 1874: in. Sarah Clark. April 29, 180.V 8j. Rebecca, b. February 
i''. 1877. 

55. Millicent Collins, b. December 1.?, [836; m. Henry Rislev. October 12, 1854. They 
had: Mary R., b. October 10. 1855: d August 25. 1850 John C. b. September 30. 1857; 111. 
Mary Emma Smith. October 31, 1877 Daniel Collin-, b. October jo. 1850: d. November 

Sophia, b. June 10. 180J: m. Otto Lewis Lehman. May. 1887. Laura, b. Sep- 
tember 14. 1805: d. March. 3 368. G rrett P.. b. April jo. [870; m Mary Fuhrer, I 

\-cnath Collins, b. April jo. 1830: in. William A Bowen, September 10. 1859. They 
had: Margaret, b. September ,5. i860; m. Samuel Ireland. November 1. 1876. Catherine. 
b September 2, 1862; m. Elwood Adams. May J4. 1881. William Sharply, b. August 29, 
August 9 [865. Anna Mary. b. April 8. 18 18 

57 Sarali Collins, b. July 26, 1841. m., first, William S. Cazier, January 1. 1858. They 
had: Mary A., b. November 6, 1858: m Washington Somers Conover, March 21, 1875. 
Sarah Collins, m.. second. Noah Adams. April jr.. 1805. They had: Felix, b. February jj. 

I March j8. 1870. Lucinda, b. April 1. 1808: d. April 3. 1870. 

58 I I I'm-, b. February 8. 1844: m. Eunice S. Bevis, June 16, 1804. They 
had: 83. Harry, b. February 5, 1805: d September 2. 1805. 84. Annabel, b. September jo. 
1866. 85. Lena. b. June 14. 1869; m. Milton Sooy, May 22, [892. 86. William S.. b. Sep- 
tember 6, 1871. 87. Mary Ann. b. February 4. 1874. 88. Isaac Lemuel, b. April 18. 1870 
80. Emma Madalene. b. February 1. 1878. 00. Eliza A., b. May 21, 1881. 91. Nettie, b. 
December 27, [88 

59. Steel man T. Collins, b. July 15. [846; m., first. Isabella O'Donnell, November to. 
1866. They had: 92. Thomas, b. June 1). 1867; m. Ida M. Taylor. June 9. 1893. 93. William 
C. b. February 28, 1800: d. November 27, 1869. 04. Charles T . b. August 8. 1870: m. Flora 



DOUGHTY FAMILY 389 

Stebbins, February 4. 1892. 95. Harry K.. b. July 15, [869. 96. Frank M .. b, October 2, 
1874; d. May 14. 1X78. 97. Fredie G., b. November 4. 1876; d. September 13, 1877. 98. 
Martha M.. b. January 21, 1878; m. Joseph Wilson Collins. April 27, 1899. 99. Lilly A., b. 
January 9. [880; d. October 7. 1885. Steelman afterward m. Georgianna Reeves, November 
7. 1886. They had: 100. Florence-. 1>. May 9, [892. 101. Edwin, b. August 29, 1893. 

03. Annie E. Collins, b. February 14. [856; m. John Parcels, April 14. 1878. They had: 
Harry E., b. January 1, 1879. Howard S., b. February 12, 1883; d. February 12, 1883. 

64. Mary Caroline Collins, b. May 31, 1858; m. John P. Ashmead, January 20, 1877. 
They had: James Edward, b. May 20, [878 

67. Nur J. Collins, b. March 5, 1864; m. Evalena Ireland. March 22. [887. They had: 
102. Earle, b. February 18. 1888. 103. Gilbert ( '.., b December 8, 1890. 103. Katherine, b 
June 18. 1892. 105. John, b. November 1. 1894. 

71. Agnes M. Collins, b. April 1. 1876: m. John Andrews. They had: James Lewis, 
b. December 15, 1897. 

73. Burris Collins, b. March 22, 1856; m. Sarah Elizabeth Jester. May 31, 1881. They 
had: 106. William Jester, b March 18. 1882; d. August 13, 1882. 107. Leon Leroy, li 
March 27, 1883. 108. Emily Blanche, b. January 17, 1885. 109. Harry Burdell, b. August 
7, 1887. no. Josie Risley. b. December 18, 1895. 

74. John Henry Collins, b. February 20, 1858; m. Arabella Kings, April 7. 1877. They 
had: in. Charles Lester, 1>- September 7. [878; d. June- 9. 1879; 112. Annie Bell. b. Sep- 
tember 7, 1878 (twins): m. Harry Campbell, September 26, 1898. 113. Charles Lester, b, 
October 1. 1880. 114. Archie Mark. 1>. January 1. 1882. 115. Ethel May. b. December 29. 
18S4. ii(>. Bella, b. April 27. 1887. 117. Emily Jester, b. April 9, 1890. 118. Mark Roger. 
b. September 10, 1892; d. June 18, 1893. 119. Irene, b. May 14, 1894. 120. Millie Leeds. 
I' September 26, [896 

76. Mary Eliza Collins, b. Jan. 13. 1862; 111. Frank Blackmail. December 9. 1886. They 
had: Florence, b. February 4. 1889. Myrtle Scmers, b May 31, [891 

32. Asenath Collins, b. December 25, 1810; m. Jonathan Albertson, July 17, 1841 They 
had Levi Collins, b. December '>. 1844: m. Elizabeth Leeds, October 1. [868. Elizabeth 
Matins, b. July 2. 1846; m. May Humphreys, November 14, 1878. John Collins, b. Sep- 
tember 15. 1848; in. Julia T. Young. November 27, 1871. Daniel Lake, b. July I, 1851; m. 
Eliza V. Endicott, November 22, 1871. Nicholas Sooy. b. August 5, 1856: in. Sophie E. 
Godfrey, June 20. 1880. 



DOUGHTY FAHILY. 

The Doughty family has lived at Absecon for two hundred years 11) Edward 
Doughty. Sr.. is the oldest of whom there is any tradition. His son (2), Edward, Jr., was 
the father of (3) Jonathan, and the grandfather of (4) Abner Doughty, who was the father 
of Gen. Enoch Doughty. Abner Doughty was born in 1755. and died in 1820. He married 
Leah Holmes, nee Risley, widow of Capt. James Holmes of the Regular Army nf the 
Revolution, who was mortally wounded at the battle of Princeton. It is a tradition that 
Gen. Washington dismounted that the wounded man might be carried from the field on his 
horse, led by Sam Day, his servant. 

Leah Holmes brought her wounded husband home to Absecon and cared for him till 
he died, a short time afterwards. Later she married Abner Doughty and had five children. 
The two first (5), James Holmes and (6) Joseph Rainard, died young. 

(71 Daniel Doughty, who lost his life in the explosion of the steamboat Mosell. the 
first boat built to ply between Cincinnati and New Orleans. He married Emma Hilman 
and had seven children, who have always lived west. These are Samuel, Elizabeth. Harriet. 
Mary, Emma, Abner and Edward. 

(8) Nathaniel, son of Abner, b. November 25, 1794, lived with his brother. Gen. Enoch 
Doughty, and died childless on his birthday, in 1852. 



390 [ S HIS :" ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

} rk. He 

gth. He could lift 
endurance in - g ihe interests 

- to Philadelphia 
- - New York on - - 

built from his 

Tar ts split ai ed up on dish-like founda- 

• :!iat from the centre a pipe underground would earn," the 

t pitch driven out by 
eft behind. When the 
ees were 
g 

und employment on the 
gs. mills and I - s, and the bus 

tinued by his - - at present time. 

sited this - ghl - .nd of 

N Philadelphia. 

- - ..nd died in his Soth yea- ' 

cality and held 
many positions -• 

• ..:id ranked as Captain. } : a - 

537 s fearless in the discharg erased a 

challeng< a some grievance ag nst him. 

- n;ade Major - - New Jersey Militia, and later pr 

gadier Genera' he held for m; s one of the orig 

ge ^holder in th< 

- -the enterprise, besides the hea> > -- - 
from forest the M. E. Church from 

sted in - • 

- .. 

They had n - gust iS, iSoS. aged 8 years: 

S. 185 1 : (13I 
Martha, g. v - g. K 1856; (15 Enoch 

Sarah Nai - - 

- - ges of Atlantic C >unty. 

,:.ew him. For fifty years . house 

site si which he kept, spending the last 

- station and half a 

_ child is Mrs. 

elphia. He married Aral-. 

. ver married. For many years he was 1 

. :ilroad. 
He had s as a wit and a mimic, ar 

favorite g his ass 

18S4 
They had five children: 
Char \ 

5 M. Nours ■ '• 

5,1865 
Edwin H. d §73. aged 2; 

Eva!-: g engineer of 



ENDIC01 I I' Wl IL\ 391 

\\ infield Scott, « In > d young. 

The children of Sarah Francis are Hattie, Alpheus, Homer, Clarence Doughty, James 
F i am i- and Mary Nourse, 

Tin- children of Evaline Constantia are Eva < onstantia, William Edwards, Charlotte 
Sewel! and Robert Sterling ( rlenn. 




SKETCH OF ENDICOTT FAMILY IN ATLANTIC COUNTY, N. J. 

The Endicotl familj became settled in whal is now Atlantic County probably in the 
early or middle part of the seventeenth century; the exact date is not now known. Ben- 
jamin Endicott is the first ol the name who is known to have resided within its limits lie 
was a resident of Port Republic prior to the Revolutionary war. He served in that war 
and was a prisoner in the hand- of the British for a considerable time, routined in the 
prison ships in New York harbor, He suffered with his companions in this confinement, 
all the inconveniences and bodily discomforts which gave to these prison-ships their hor- 
rible reputation, the tradition of the Family tells us. lie suffered in other ways, for, whilst 
he was in arms in the defence ol his country, his propert) at home was greatly injured 
when it was on the line oi the enemy's march. Hardships like tin- called forth the following 
action of the Continental Congress, December to, 1777: 

"Resolved, That General Washington be informed that, in the opinion 01 Cong 
lie- Si. iti' oi \eu Jersey demands, in a peculiar degree, the protection oi the armies of the 
United States so far as the same can possibly he extended consistent with the safety of the 
army and the general welfare, as that Slate lies open to attacks from so many quarters, and 
the struggles which have been made by the brave and virtuous inhabitants of that State, in 
defence of the common cause cannot fail to expose them to the particular resentment of a 
merciless enemy." 

Jacob Endicott was a brother oi Benjamin, lie was an officer 111 the Revolutionary 
army, being second lieutenant of Captain Snell's Company, .id Battalion, Gloucester County 
troops, commissioned September IS, 1777. 

The tradition in the family is that there were three brothers who first came to this 
county, and that their settlement in Port Republic was directly the result of their being 
shipwrecked upon the coast. It is probable that their ship was lost upon the Absecon 01 
Brigantine beach, and. if unmarried men. they may have found it agreeable to make their 
future home in a place where. 111 unfortunate and distressful plight, they were welcomed 
and relieved by a kindly people. Certainly they could not have found here a people such 
as some writers have denominated "Jersey Pirates," who are said to have lured unfortunate 
mariners to their destruction by false lights on the shore in order that they might he 
plundered in their helpless condition. The third brother was probably Samuel, and a- he 
is said to have been lost at sea and his body washed ashore at Cape .May. may it not have 
been 111 the original shipwreck named, and Cape .May have referred to the South Jersey 
coast generally? All these were s,,ns of John Endicott, of Northampton, Burlington 
County. New Jersey 




DR. GEORGE T. ENOICOTT. 



ENDIO ' I I' F \.\I1LY 393 

Benjamin appears to be the only one who left issue. He died in [792. All the Endi 
cotts in Atlantic County are descended from him. His children were John, William, Jacob, 
Nicholas, Joseph, Sylvia, and Mary. All these children married and had families, and up to 
the year 1X47 all the sons named una- living 

Of the daughters, Sylvia married Matthew Collins, and Mary married Eli Higbee 
Both of these left children, who reside in the vicinity of Port Republic. 

The descendants of Benjamin were quite numerous. They inherited a love lor the 
sea. and many of the males gained a livelihood upon its waters, braving its dangers. Xot 

a lew have found their final resting place in its deeps. This love "i the sea goes hack 
further than those of the family who were the lii-l to settle in this county. The same 
spirit existed in the Massachusetts family, from which our branch is descended, and manj 
ot those wen' daring and successful sailors in foreign seas, engaging in the trade with the 
West Indies and China. All seem lii have shared in those qualities and habits of life which 
aie s,, much influenced by the dangers, grandeurs and mysteries of the sea. Thej have 
lived quiet, peaceful, useful lives, with little taste for public place or those activities which 
aie associated with public affairs 

John, the eldest son of Benjamin, was hum 111 177J. Hi' resided in Porl Republic. He 
was a man of considerable property and influence in the community, and was fur a time 
one Ot the County Judges. Me lived to an advanced age. dying m [857. 

William, the second 'mi. born in 17S0. married Hannah Smith, and was the father .if .1 

large family. IK- died in 1856. Of In eleven children, all four of the sons, Thomas, 
Wesley. Samuel and William, followed in the footsteps of tlnir father and became wedded 

to the sea Wesley and William wenl down with their vessel in a terrific southwest now 
storm. 111 1N57. and no vestige ol any kind was left to tell the story. 

Jacob, the third son, left children, whose descendants are living. Nicholas, the fourth 

son was horn in 1701. and died in 1867. He married Rel I Higbei who urvived him 

until 1883, when she died at the advanced age of 88 years. Their son. Captain Richard 
Endicott, died in [883, ai the age oi 62 years, without issue. 

Othei grand ons ol Benjamin who hue pas ed away in recent years are Jeremiah 
Endicott and Janus I. Endicott, well known 111 the present generation. Their children an 
living in Porl Republic and Atlantic City, and a daughter, Mrs. Walters, iii Absecon. 

Of the grandsons of Benjamin, rhomas Doughty Endicott, on ol William, was horn 
in l'ort Republic, January 14. 1K15. Adopting the calling of his ancestors, lie became the 
master of a vessel at a very early age, anil marrying Ann Pennington, a daughter ol John 
Pennington, of Mays Landing. 111 1.^7. he took up his residence 111 thai village He 1111 
mediately built the Endicotl homestead, which stands to-day the home of one of his daugh- 
ters, maintained by his estati Ml of the Mays Landing Endicotts are his children, and all 
except the eldest were horn in this home. Thomas was a man of rare qualities of mind 
and heart. His life was exemplary in every respect. Upright, honest, just, kind hearted, 
of superior judgment, he was successful in business and was held in the highest personal 
esteem by the community. His wife was a woman no less noted for her own superior 
judgment and loving heart, and her unselfish devotion to her family and community, theii 
position was one of great usefulness Thomas was a staunch friend of the church and 
school, in which Ins ten children was I nought up. and his thought, counsel and means 
were given without stint to both, lie nevei sought any public place of any kind, and 111 
his whole life never held hut one office, that of a Pilot Commissioner of the Stale of New 
Jersey, and this was tendered to him because of his eminent fitness for the post, and without 
any application or request of his own. Having acquired a competence and being in rather 
delicate health he retired from the sea comparatively early in life to enjoy his home and 
the companionship of his family and friends. He died May 28, 1884, surrounded by his 
wife and the nine children who survived him. 

Thomas had ten children. Charles G., Lucy, Catharine R.. Mordecai T. Isabella H. 




CHARLES G. ENDICOTT. 



ENDICOTT FAMILY. 395 

Mary D.. Elizabeth P., George \\\. Hannah, and Allen I!. Lucy died in [865. Ml the 
other children are living, (hark-- is a very successful ship-owner and merchant in New 
York ( ity, but residing in Westfield, X .1 IK- is widely known in tins State, and in ship- 
ping ' ircles, .1- a man <>i high character and of exceptional business probity and ability. 

Mordecai is a civil engineer, graduating from the Polytechnic, Troy, X. V., in the class 
of [868. After practicing his profession upon several works in private life, he was com- 
missioned an officer ni the corps of civil engineers in the U. S. Navy, in [874. Alter a long 
service upon many public works of the Navy, he wa sell 1 ted by President Cleveland, in 1895, 
as one of the commission of three expert engineers to visil Nicaragua ami make an exam- 
ination, survey ami report upon the possibility, permanence and cost of the construction 
and completion of the Nicaragua Ship Canal. This commission was constituted by special 
authority of Congress. In 1807 Congress directed the organization of the Armor Factory 
Board to prepare plans, specifications ami estimates of the cost of a plant for the manu- 
facture of armor for war ships by the Government, in consideration of the high prices for 
the same demanded by private establishments, and Mordecai wa- selected as a member ol 
the Board. In 1S98 President Mckinley appointed him Chief of the Bureau of Yards and 
Docks of the Navy Department, with the rank of Commodore. In [899, by ami: ity of an 
Act of Congress, he was raised t.i the rank of Rear- Admiral, U. S. Navy. lie resides in 
Washington. D. C. 

George graduated at the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, and is a very suc- 
cessful physician in l'lainticld. X J He enjoys an exceptional reputation as a skillful 
surgeon. 

Allen graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, in the law department, and was 
als.i a pupil in the office of the late Peter L. Voorhees. He is one of the fust citizens of our 
county. He is prominent in the practice of his profession and a most public spirited man. 
He has served as County Collector. Solicitor of Atlantic City, and now fills the post of 
Law Judge of the County. He resides in Atlantic City. 

Of the daughters who survive, Catharine is the only one unmarried. She occupies the 
old homestead in Mays Landing, which. by a provision of the father's will, is maintained 
by his estate as a home for the unmarried daughters as long as any remain single. Of the 
others, Isabella married Mr. Lucien B. Corson; Mary D. married Mr. Daniel E. Iszard; 
Elizabeth married the Rev. II. Kundell. and Hannah married Mr. Lewis Howell. Elizabeth 
resides 111 Atlantic City, where her husband is a Presbyterian minister, and all the rest 
live in Mays Landing All these daughters are gentle, earnest, devoted women, win. are 
living useful lives, particularly earnest in their religious duties, and making the world 
better for their presence. 

The Endicotts of Atlantic County come of a distinguished ancestry, the very bluest 
blood of New England. They are direct descendants of John Endicott, the first Governor 
of Massachusetts. 

John Endicott was horn in Dorsetshire. England, in the year 1588. Very little is known 
ol his early life prior to the time he became known as a Puritan and a member of a little 
colony organized in England, which came to the shores of New England in 1628. The 
family to which he belonged was of respectable standing and moderate fortunes. He be- 
longed to that class in England called "esquires," or "gentlemen," composed mainly at 
that time of the independent landholders of the realm. 

The Puritans sought refuge from persecution for religious opinions. A small settle- 
ment was effected at Plymouth, in 1(124. and this was so far successful that some men of 
substance and means resolved to purchase a grant from the crown, which they effected "by 
a considerable sum of money." and the project of establishing a colony in Xew England 
was launched. One of this company, and the principal one to carry out its objects, was 
John Endicott. He arrived at Cape Ann with his followers in the "Ahag.nl." in [628, when 
40 years of age. The life of Mr Endicott from this time to his death, 111 [665, is a part ol 




HON. A. B. ENDICOTT. 



I NDICI »T I F \MILV. 



397 



the history of New England, and the establishment of free institutions in this country.* 
He was Governor of the Massachusetts Colony 10 years, and served longer continuouslj 
than any other. Dr. Bentley, the historian, says: "Above all others, he deserved the name 
of the father of New England." Mr. Felt calls him "The father of New England." Mr. 
Upham says of him, "Mr. Endicott was the most representative man of all the New England 
colonists." 

He passed through all the military grades to that of Sergeant Major-General of Massa 
chusetts. He was an intrepid and successful leader, a man of superior intellectual endow- 
ments and mental culture, vigorous mind and a fearless and independent spirit With great 
energy and firmness of character, aided by religious enthusiasm, his faith and confidence 
never forsook him. and the whole colony looked up to him in all their hardships, privations 
and struggles for livelihood and religious and political freedom He was a man of very 
tender conscience. Longfellow says, "lie is a man both loving and austere; and tender 
he. irl . a will inflexible." 

Such was the tirst Endicott to come to this country, and from whom those of the familj 
in this comity trace their desi enl 

Governor Endicott had two sons. John and Zerubbabel. John died without issue. 
Zerubbabel had seven children, five sons and two daughters. One of the son-. Joseph 




THE ENDICOTT H0V1EStEA3 AT MAY'S LANDING. 



was horn at Salem. Mass., in [669, Me "as christened at the First Church. 111 Salem, July 
1;, [672. He moved from Massachusetts to Northampton, in the county of Burlington, 
New Jersey, in r6g8. As he was the first to enter this State, this year b the 202d anniver- 



■ A few years prior to the death of Gov. Endicott the English statesmen had seen tha 
ivalent in the colonies, and the Earl of Clarendon, in framing a plan for Hum govt) 
narked that "they :•■,■: e all hardened into republit s. 



spirit of liberty was 
ill by commissioners, 








MORDECAI T. ENDICOTT. 



ENDICOTT FAMILY 399 

sary of the settlement of this family in New Jersey. Joseph was the only grandson of the 
Governor to come to this State, and all the New Jersey Endicotts are descended from him. 
He died in May. 1747, at Northampton, aged 75 years, lie left at his death, according to 
his will recorded in the office of the Secretary of State, at Trenton, two sons, John and 
Joseph, and two daughters, Anna Gillam and Elizabeth Deloraine. A grandson, Joseph 
Bishop, is also mentioned. In a deed executed by him and recorded in what is now Box- 
ford. Massachusetts, he styles himself "Joseph Endicott, of Northampton, County of Bur- 
lington, in West Jersey, in the Government of New York, yeoman." 

Joseph had two sons, as stated above. Of the second. Joseph, there 1- no memorial, 
and he probably never married. The first son. John, i^ the only one who left issue, and 
all who came to Atlantic County are descended from him. 

John Endicott had six children: Samuel. Zerubbabel. Benjamin, Jacob. Mary, who 
married a Mr. Matlock, and Sarah, who married a Mr. Hancock. He is said to have died 
at a very advanced age, but the year is not now known. Three of his sons came to Atlantic 
County, and the only one of these who left issue is Benjamin Endicott. the soldier of the 
Revolution, with whom 0111 story began. 

Portraits of Governor John Endicott show that his descendants in the seventh gen- 
eration, in New Jersey, bear much resemblance to him. as do the children in the eighth. 
Many of these possess the traits. of character which history records as belonging to their 
distinguished ancestor. Few of this family in this country have held public office. Governor 
Endicott was a central figure in the early colonial history of New England for nearly 40 
years, but all the great duties and honors came to him: it is said that they "fell upon him." 
Not one is known to have been a politician in the ordinary acceptation of that term. Mr. 
William Endicott, of Salem, .Massachusetts, who was the Secretary of War in President 
Cleveland's Cabinet, is a fifth cousin of the present generation in this county. His daugh- 
ter, Miss Endicott. married the present Right- Honorable Joseph Chamberlain, of the 
British Cabinet, being Colonial Secretary. He is the central figure in the present war con- 
test between Great Britain and the Boers in Africa. It is believed that the very cordial 
relations which have existed in so marked a degree between Great Britain and this country 
since Mr. Chamberlain's advent to power as a leader, are largely the result of his marriage 
with this beautiful American girl 




n\ll.\ UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTS 

FRAMBES PAJ1ILY. 

i. Peter Frambes, b. September 15, 1723, in Holland, early emigrated to this country, 
being a small child. He settled in Pennsylvania, bul was .linen outbj the Indians. 
On the same ship came Mary Margaretta Hoffman, also a small child. Peter Frambes 
married Mary M. Hoffman and they moved to Gloucestei County, N. J. settling on a 
tract ol land back ol Zion Church, tins count} Petei was .1 weaver l>> trade. He had the 
following children: 

2. Nicholas, b. June 1. 1758; d. June 25, 1835: in., first, Sarah Rape; second, Naomi 
Scull; third. Elsie Collins Scull. .;. Andrew, b Octobei 7, 1759; m. Sarah English. 4 
Peter, b December 22, 1761; m. Alice Somers. 5. John. b. December jS. ir'v: d. Sep 
tember -\ 1861; m., first. Poll} Chamberlain; seebnd. Margaret Garwood; third. I 

, b. December 30, 1765; d. October 15. 1851; m David 

Dernis. 7. Michael; m„ first. \l.u> Dole; second, Sa B mdriff. 8. Sarah; d. Feb rj 
23, 1825; in Thomas Garv ■ . b. October 20, 1772; d. March 22, 1SJ4: m. 

Christopher V'ansant. to. Rachel; m. Peter Boice. 

2. Nicholas Frambes, b. June 1. 175S. was a tar maker by trade, and 
then a flourishing village near Mays Landing. He served in the revolutionary war. June. 
1785. he married Sarah Rape, daughter of Christopher Rape. Their children 

11. Mary, b. April 6, 1786; d. February 1. 1862; m Daniel Edwards. 12. Job. b. June 
9, 1788; d. April 11, 1884; ui . first, Hannah I nd, Aliee Vansant. 13. David, b 

September 15. 1/90; Ap 8 n Mary Ann Frambes; second, Louisa Clark. 14. 

Sarah, b. November 12, 170-'; m. lames Smith. 15. Andrew, b. February 12, [796; d. June 
25, 1875; nl - tirst. Sarah Somei et Adams Baker. 

-v Nicholas Frambes in., second, Naomi Scull, daughter of Joseph Scull, and went to 
Bargaintown, living on what is now known as the Richard Scull farm. Nicholas' third wife 
-ins Scull, daughter of Richard Collins and widow of Abel Scull. 

.; Andrew Frambes. b October 7. 1750. served in the war ^i the revolution. He m. 
Sarah English. They had: 10. Joseph. 1,-. Peter. 

4. Peter Frambes, b. December 12, 1701. was a farmer and lived in this county on what 
was known as the Doughtj Place, above .'ion Church. He was drowned in Gr< 
Harbor inlet, his widow supported the children by running the old mill, which 1- sti'l 
Standing at Bargaintown. Peter m, Alice Somers. They had: lS. Rebecca, d. November 
8 m. Daniel Tilton. 10. Hosea. b. December jo. 1785; d. January 17, 1857; m 
Amelia Rislej 90; d. February 22, 1822; 111. Charlotte Cordery. 21, Mary 

Ann. b. 1701: d. December 7, 1S23; m. David Frambes 22. Margaretta, m. Enoch Inger- 
23. James. 

5 John Frambes, b. December 28, 1763; d. September 2, 1861. He lived in the old brick 
still standing in Pleasantville. He m.. first, Pollj Chamberlain. They had; 24. 
John. b. lanuary 10. 1803; d. November 5. 1891; 11 »ennis. 

i5> John Frambes 111.. second. Margaret Garwood. They had: 25. Peter, m. Aliee 
Tilton. 

(S) John's third wife was Mrs. Elizabeth Garwood Risley, sister of his second wife. 

Vnn Frambes, b. December 30, 1765; d. October 15, 1851; lived at Catawba. 
English Creek: 111 David Dennis. They had: 26. Joel; m., first, Margaret Risley; second. 
Sarah Ann R >avid, in. Hannah Hickman. 28. Eliza, m. John Frambes jo. 

Sarah. 111. John Barber 30 Eunice, m. John Leap. 31. Abigail, m. Merrick 
Hannah. 111. Samuel Barber 33 < onstant. Poll} Scull. 

- Michael Frambes; in., first. Man Dole; second. Sallie Brandriff. He lived at Pleas 
antville. His children were: ,?4 Nicholas, in. Lydia Kendall. 35. Joseph Hole. 111. Rachel 
37 James I |8 Mary Ann. m. Aaron Ingerso chel, m. 

George Robinson. 40 Eunice, m. Felix Leeds. 41. Richard. 

8 Sarah Frambes, m. Thomas Garwood, Bargaintown. They had: 42. Joshua, m. 



F K \ \l BES l ; \ \l I I .', 101 

Lydia Mi.m |; Thomas, b. Maj 17, 1805; '1 September 7. 1874; m., first, Mary Smith; 
econd. Jemima Somers Bennett, \\. Davis, 111 Lettici Vnn Somers 1; Polly, 111 Samuel 
Prici 1 1 v I • 1 l.iiii. iii William Prici 1 Vlargarel (8 Hannah, m. Japhet Irelan. 

I Margaret Frambi b October 20, 1772; d. March 22, [824; m Christophei Van 
sant. ship carpenter, They had: [g Jethro, b Octobei :g 179; 'I Ma) 30, [832. 50. 
John, b. November 15, [802; d, November [6, 1884; m, Talitha Suthard. 51, Job, m Sarah 
Risk) ! Uicc b February :6, 1807: d. January 15, 1884; m rob Frambcs 53, Margarcl 

mi Francis S .i ,| Mar) Vnn, 111 1 ornelius Robinson. 55. Daniel, m Emelini Ben 

netl 56 Susan, 111 Thomas Morri: 

io I-:. H he! Framl 'eti 1 B i he) had: 57 Peter, b Decembi 1 23, (805; d 

August 30 1892 in Sarah Ann Chamberlain. 58, Mary, b. 1801; m. first, Jame Risley; 
second, Risley Vdams. 59, Richard, b [803 Go William, b June 28, 1808; d September 
1.;. [869; in Leah Robinson 

11. Mary Frambes, I. \ 1 . 1 1 1 6, 1786: d. February 1. [81 Daniel Edward They 

had: 61 Susanna, I. [80= d 1808 I ! Sarah, b Novembei 15, [806; d February 5. 1877; 
in 1 onstanl Somers <>.; Mary, I' 1816; m Henrj S Steelman, 'i| Susanna, b. 
iXiu; in . first, John R. S 1 ei ond, John S 

[2. Jul' Frambes, li June <i. 1788; <1 \pril 11. [884; m., first, Hannah, daughtei ol 
Japhel [relan. They had: 65, France! Vnna b October 3. 1X17:1!. November 21, [893:111 
Marl Laki 66 Mar) b Octobei 3, [819 d Ma) 9, 1821 67 Lewi S. b January 10, 
[822; .1 March 7. [878; in Charlotte [relan 68 Richard I , b Vpril 28. 1824; m Mar) 
niton 69 Marj IV. I. November 28, [826; 111. Sedgwick Rusling Leap 70 Mahlon 1 
I. J. inn. hi 11 1829; in Mar) I Steelman 71 Japhet I. I' Scptembei 14, 1831; m Eliza 
Price. 7-'. I lannah, b No\ embei ;o, [8 |6; m Re lohn I Coi son. 

(12) Job Frambes was a sea captain an. I hip buildei During the wai ol 181 i In 

. iptured, burned, ami tin- crew pul .1 lion Later he 51 rvi d a a Lii utenant in a 
Glouci ter County company, called Home Guard He m., econd, VI ice Vansanl 

1; David Frambes, b Septembei 15.. 1790; il Vpril 28, 1867; 111., first, Man \"" 
Frambe daughtei ol Peter Frambi David ws a Earmei a ml ves 1 I buildei and lived Hi 
Steelmanvilli Mux had: 73. Nicholas. 74. Matilda, m Enoch Risley. 75. I lannah. in. 
I noch I'-'i I' i 711 I laniel, in . in -1. VI ai s Margarum seo 'ml. vl ai ;. I '1 1 dmoi ■ 

(13) David in., second, Loui a 1 lark, Vpril 17. [825. They had: 77. Mary Ann. b, 
J, inn. m : [826; d \ 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 21, [826. 78, Charlotte Rebecca, b. December [3, [827; m Win, 
Moore ,m Martha, li October 21, [829; in. John Brown 80 Mar) Mm, I, Septembei 
11.. [831; ni Jonathan Wain- 81 James Somers, b, December (. iX.;.;; d March u>. 1858; 
drowned in Illinois Rivei 82 Susan C, l- Vugusl 28, 1835; m I ra P o I | David 
( lark, li June g [838. 

II Sarah Fr; ie b November u. [792 daughtei -1 Nicholas ami Sarah Rapi 

Frambes, m J. Smith The) ha. I 84. Nicholas, d Jul) 24, 1890; 111. Sarah Lai 

Richard, in Emeline Somers 86 Jame S I I" 1 !2, 1825; d. January 22, 1898; m., 

first. Juliet Somers Blackman; second, Vlargarel Ingei -II third, Poll) English, 8; lob 
in I li abeth Ingei oil 88 Hannah, m., first, Lewis Somers; second, Lucas Laki 

15. Andrew Frambes, b. February 12, 1796; d. June 25, 1X75; wa .1 Farmer ami lived on 
the Richard Scull farm al Bargaintown He 111 in 1. Sarah Somei i They had: 89 Rox 
anna, b. October 19, 1822; d. November 17, 1896; m. Jonas Higbee. 90 Phoebi b Vugusl 

-'4. [833 in. in 1. rami lohn on; .1, [ohri Preston, mi Sarah, b Januar) 14 

d, January X. 1X5X; in. Daniel Leach. 92. Mary E . b. January 1 |. iXjX; ,1 July iX, 1X1,0; 
in Mi Ie) Leed 93 Nicholas, b Novembei 12. 1830: ni Vinanda Ingei oil 94 Caroline 
S.. Ie March iX. 1836; 111 Samuel I. Wayne 95 Samuel Somers, b August 11. 1838; d. 
Januar) 28, 1889: in., first, Hester Blackmail; second, Josephine Rao Yate 96 Eliza 
Ann S Mi May 2. 1841:111 John Henry Tilton. 97 Howel Cooper, b (aim 18 1844:111 
Vbb) Mi be. 



402 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

i 15) Andrew in . second, Margaret Adams Baker. They had: 98. Andrew, b. May 3, 
1850; d July _>i). 1850. 

18. Rebecca Frambes m, Daniel Tilton. She dud November 24, [848. They had: 
99, Peter, d. July 29, [828. 100. Elva, d. September 2, [828. ioi. Alice, m. Peter Frambes. 
102. Daniel Edward, d. September [6, 1835. 103. John Walker, m. Caroline Somers. 104. 
Margaret. 

19. Hosea Frambes, b December 20, 1785; d. January 17, [857; m. Amelia Risley. 
They had: 105. Joseph R . b. August 17. 1820; d. July 8, 1853; m. Jemima Leeds. 106. 
Aliee. b. June 27, i8_'j: m. Enoch Lee. 107. .Mary. b. October 31, 1824: d. November 5. 
1882: m. Absalom Doughty. 108. Elizabeth, b. November (>. 1826; d. September 7, 1875. 
m. John Somers. too Sarah Keen. b. August 19, [828; d. September [6, 1844 110. Judith. 
b. June 15, 1830; m. Dr. Samuel Edmonds, m. Rebecca, b Octobei 24, 1832; d. July 5, 
1886; m. John Somers. 112. Fannie, b. May 17. [835; m. Benjamin Burrough. 113. Amelia, 
b. May 6, 18.;;: d. July [3, 1851. 

20 \aron Frambes. b. [790; d. December 22, 1822; m. Charlotte Cordery, November 19. 
1815. They had: 114. Peter, b. February 14. 1810. 115. Rebecca, b. January 14. 1817: m. 
Fred. Chamberlain. 116. Mary Ann, b. January 17. 1810. m. Daniel Steelman. 117. Aaron, 
b. March 14. 1822: d. January 4. 1805: m. Amy Bab< 

jj. Margaret Frambes m. Enoch Ingersoll. They had: 118. James, no. Fransanna, 
m. Samuel Gaskill. i.'O. Samuel. 

24. John Frambes. b. January H>. [803; d. November 5, 1801: m. Eliza Dennis. 
They had: 121. Margaret, b. August 4. [826. 1.'.'. Walter Burroughs, b. December 4. 1827; 
111. Jane Champion. 123. Ruth F... b. September-9, 182a; in. John Leeds, 124. Anna Mary. 
b. October o, 1833; m. Dr. Willard Wright. 125. Emeline, b. March ,?. 1841: in. Pardon 
Ryon, Jr. 

25. Peter Frambes m. Alice Tilton. They had: 126. Elva, 111. Belle Stephen. 127. 
Lewis S.. in., first Susan Taunton: second. Elizabeth Brown. [28. Edward, 111. Caroline- 
Seal. I-'o. Rev. John. m. Adelaide Eioopes. 130. Margaret. 

,14. Nicholas Frambes m. Lydia Kendall. They had: 131. Ann. m. Joseph Race, [32 
Susan, in. Robert Moore. 1,;,?. Hannah, in. Israel Shaw. [34. Sarah, m. Joseph Boweu 
135. Emeline. m. Evan Risley. [36. Charles. 111. Sophia Adams. 137. Harriet, in Jesse 
Reed. 138. Elmer, m. Elizabeth Barhoff. 

35. Joseph Dole Frambes m. Rachel Lee. They had: 139. Richard Lee. 140. Peter 
Tilton. b. December 8. [830; d. \pn! 10. 1878; m. Ellen Wright. 141. Abraham Woo Ston, 
m. Rebecca Jane Ingersoll. [42, Margaret Yansant. 111. Benjamin Steelman. 143. Alice 
Rebecca, m Evan Adam- 144. Caroline, m. John Harrold. 145. Elizabeth Somers. m. 
Bailey Tomlinsou. 140. Elijah Lee. 147. Joseph Alonzo. 

38 Mary Ann Frambes 111. Aaron Ingersoll. They had: 148. Annie. 111. Richard 
Harris. 140. Joseph Frambes, 111. Susan Somers. 

Rachel Frambes 111. tie... Robinson. They had: 150. Mary Rebecca. 111. Searad. 
151. Liielelt. 152. Samuel. 

40. Eunice Frambes m. Felix Leeds. They had. 15?. Elizabeth, m. Joseph Sapp. 154 
Eliza, m. Abel Babcock. 155. Mary. m. Henry Martense. 

05. Polly I. Frambes, m. Hugh Wick-: William. 111. Ann Lee: Job. m. first. Annie 
Jeffries, second Elizabeth Clark: Edward: Hannah. 111. John W. Smith: Annie. 111. Edward 
Pryor; Lewis, rn. Abby Burroughs; Daniel, m. Carrie Adams; Henry, m. Jennie Carney. 

07 Lewi- S. Frambes. b January 10. (822; .1 March 7. 1878: m. Charlotte Irelan. 
8. 1854. They had: !?<>. Julia, b. July 27, 1855: d. April 1. 1850. 157. Alfred 1 . 
b. May 21, 1858; in. Almedia Smith. 158. Alice. 150 Sarah A., in. Geo. J. Sickler. 160. 
Harriet I. 161. Lottie I... 111. Win Hutchinson. 

<>8 Richard I. Frambes. b. April 28, 1824; m. Mary Tilton. They had: 10.'. Margaret. 
111. Daniel Collins. 10.?. Hannah, it .4. Ezra, m. Elizabeth Adam- 105. Harriet. 111. James 
E. Steelman. 166. Tob. 



IK \.\li!KS FAMILY . 103 

69 Marj 1' Frambes, b. November 28, [826; m. Sedgwick Ru ling Leap. They had: 
[67 John I', in Julia Ware [68. Laura. 

70. Mahlon C. Frambes, b. January io, 1829; m. Mary E. Steelman They had: [69 
Henry, b. February 7, 1856; m. Mary Louisa Price. 170. Smith, 1>. June 22, [859; m. Kate 
Waters 171 Lizzie, b September 2, [862; d. February [3, (863. 172. Lizzie, b. May 18, 
[866; in .las. II. Mason. 17.!. Sallie E., b. April _>_>, [868; m. Harry II. Smith, Jr. 

71. Japhet I. Frambes, b. September [4, [831; m. Eliza Price. They had: 174. 
nette, m Bolton Steelman. 175. Polly P., in. Uberl Wilson. 17(1. Julia, m. Geo. English. 
177. Japhet. 178. Ina. in. Ira Smith. 1711 Ulysses. 1X0. Asbury. [8r. Elijah. 

74. Maiil.la Frambes in. Enoch Risley. They had: [82. Mary. m. Henry Bates [83. 
Mark. 1S4. Hannah, m. Walter Steelman. 185. Jane. [86. Elizabeth. [87. Edward, m. 
Eunice Turner. [88. I >a\ id. 

7(1 Daniel I-'.. Frambes in., first, Mary Margarum. Tluy hail: t8g I t-a 
Ella, in. Daniel Williams. [91. Lizzie, in. The.,. Maekeral, [92. Emma. m. Horace Wood 

7(1. Daniel E. in., second, Mary Predmore. Thej hail: [93. Frank. 

78. Charlotte Rebecca Frambes, b. December [3, [827, m. Win Moore. They had: 
mi Will, in Laura Price 195 Howard [96 [da [97. Edward 

80. Mary Ann Frambes, b. September in. [831, 111. Jonathan Waters. They hail: 198. 
Kate, in Smith S. Frambes. [99, Claude, m. Augustus Pitenger. 

82. Susan C. Frambes, 1> August 28, [835, m. Ezra Price. They had: 200 I. Twin F., 
in Rachel Steelman. 201. Mary Louisa, m. Henry Frambes. 202. I. aura. 203, James 
204. Laura, m. Will Moure, 205. Martha. 111. Harry Hawkins. 206. Sarah. 207. Clark. 
20X. Eunice. 209. Jehu in, Sallie Brown 

89 Roxanna Frainl.es. b. ()et.. her id. [822; .1 November 17. [896; m. Jonas Higbei 
They had. 210. Henry, in. Annie Shrouds. 211 Lewis. 212, John. 21.?. Andrew Frambes. 
214. (has. Ezra. 215. W'ilmer M., in. Sarah Hagan. 216. Sarah Cornelia, 111 Eli S. Amole. 

90 Phoebe Frames, b. August 24. 1S.5.?; m.. first, James Johnson. Thej had: 1 

90. Phoebe ir/Tsecond, John Preston, They had: Mortimer. 

91. Sarah Fn&mbes, b. January 24, [825; d. January X. [858; in. Daniel Leech. They 
had: 217. Sarah/ m. Richard Davi n8. CI m. Lillian - 219 Lewis. 220 
Annie. 111. I l.u rv Keates 

ii2. Mary E. Frambes, b. January 14, [828; d. July [8, [860; ra Wesley Leeds. They 
had: 221. Eliza Ann. m Parker Tilton. 222. Lewis, m. Lettice Robinson. 22},. Annie, m 
Philip Lindle. 

11.;. Nicholas Frambes, b. November 12. 1830; in. Amanda [ngersoll. They had: 224. 
Walter, 111. Ida Loveland. 22},. Laura, in. .Morris Cheyeny, 22(1. Emeline. 227. William, 
m. Clara Sampson, 22X. Rena. 

94. Caroline S. Frambes, b. March [8, [836: m. Samuel L. Wayne. They had: 229 
William. 230. Helen: 231. Sarah, twins. 232. Harry. 2,;,;. Samuel. 2.54. Frederick, m. 
I.niiie . 235. Harriet. 111. Lewis Sinners. 

95. Samuel Somers Frambes, b. August 11. [838; d. January 28, [889; in. first, Hestei 
Blackman. They had: 236. Winfield, m. Selina Collins. 2.17. Risley, m. Annie Gaskill. 
238. Annie, m. Edward Higbee. 

Samuel Sinners Frambes in,, second, Josephine Race Vates. They had: 239. Jo eph 
240.. Somers. 

ij(. Eliza Ann S. Frambes, b. May 2, [841; m. John Henry Tilton. Tiny had: 241. 
Ephrina, m. John Norw 1. 242. Howel. 24,;. Wallace. 

97. Howel Cooper Frambes, b. January [8, 1S44: 111 Abby Higbee Tiny had: 244. 
Lucilla, in. George Harris. 245. Curtis 

105. Joseph R. Frambes. b. August 17. 1S20; m. Jemima Leeds. They had: 24'. Mary 
Louise, in., first, Aaron Chamberlain; lost at sea, September. [876, age 32 years; 
Small. 



DAILY UNION H1STOE OUNTY. 

Frambes, b. June 27, lS Lee. They had: - - 4r Richard Ed- 

mund. -'48. Richard H.. 111. Ellen Mathis. 249. Elizabeth, m. 

Mary Frambi S \ " x mghty. 

They had: 251. Annie, ■ icock. 252. John. m. Emma Smith 253 

-•54 Henry, m. Emn 55 Hosea. m. Helen 

beth Frambes. b. November 6. 1826; d. September 17. 1875; m. John S 
They had: 257. William H.. b. March 25. 1841: d. September - S48 58 Winfield. b. 

Amelia, b. J 851: d. June 22. 

Edwin Had 201. Louise, b. Decei 

Judith Fran iS S Imonds. They had: 202. Mary. 

nlin 264. Laura 265. Vrfe, b. December, 

- b. January 14. iS: ; They had 

man. -Kx). Mary Ann. m. 
n. m. Mary Louise Fran 
" - - 
110. Mary Ann Frambes. b. January iS Steelmai They had 

Rebecca, m. Charles Tih. 

March 14. 1S22: d. lair. 

slin. 2S5. John B. 286. Amy ( 

They had: 
5 s. They had: 2S 

S 

- n. 

5 

:'iur. 

s 

- 

na. m. 

5 

S 

lev. John Frambes 

S 

; 

They had: ,;iS. Reuben, m. 
Sheppard S ind. 321. Ida. 

■■:i Ida. 

5 
328 \ Samuel G. S 

332 334 Rox- 

- 

\ • Vdams. 

Sallie. Bamstead. 338 are Adams 



■.I I [arris. 342 1 ii 

I fannah Lydia, 111 Da id 



F R \ VI BES F \ Ml I.N 

Blake 540 Edna, 111 ( lareuce Ni< I10I on ■; 1 1 Ida. 111 FTov 
;i; Warnei ill Raj nd. 

['36 Charles Frambes m. Sophia Vdams They had: 34= 
Leeds. 

137. Harriet Frambes m. Jesse Reed. They had: 346. Lydia, m. Enoch Bla< 
14; [osephine, 111 Winfield Scott Price. 348. Elnora. in Pitman Hammell. 349. Annie. 
in. Martin Lear. 350 Liz: ie, m. Gideon Adams. 351. E 
I 1 Wall 

J 
b 



in. Martin Lear. 350 Liz ie, m Gideon Vdams. 351. Emma. 352. William. 353. John. 
154 Waltei 

[40 Petei niton Frambes m. Ellen Wright. Hie) had 555. Bradford Wright, b. 
July 28, 1856. 356 I va W . b September 1. 1858; m. Vincent F. Lake. 357. Edwin Bartlett, 
b. August 26, i860: in Jcrryetta Via on 158 Mabella Azilc. b. October 31, 1863; d 
;, 1882 359 V il Marette, b Vpril [6, 1875. 

M Vbraham \\ .-.1 ton Frambi in R. Iie< 1 1 fam In II They had: 360 Jo - ph 

Dole, in 1 I. .p. 1 Bu bj 

p 1 ■ Margaret Vansant Frambes in, Benjamin Steelman. They had: 361. Eliza, m. 
William Steelman. 362. Susanna, m \l. Paynter. 363 Etlena, m. Richard R. Alberl on 
364. Calvin, ... Li ii f/yli 1 )6s Ella up I dward " 



366. John. 367. Josephii 
368. John, 111 lli .1 I ippim 1 itl 369 Vlargan 



.....rgaret. 370. Bradford, in. Annie Mumford 
14,!, Mice Rebecca Frambes m. Evan Vdani They ha<' 



I: 371. Susanna. 372. Susanna. 
374. W Ellis. 375. AI.Ipv. m. Frank Smith. 376 ' 



111. 1 1 enry I [aines. 373. ( > I i \ er. 

.577. ( Hive. 378. Vdelia, m Frank Vbbott 

144. Caroline Frambes in. John Harrold. Thej had: 379. Joseph Frambes, 111 Bi 
Dunlap. 380. Charles Dennis, in. Mar) Donnellj 381 William. 382. James Wood, m 

\l.iix Kei I) 383 John. m. \nn.i Birmingham. .;. V '| Thoma |8 I aroline, m Peti 

Smith 



Smith. 

[45. Elizabeth Some: Frambi m Bailej ["bmlinson. They had: 386 Joseph Dole, 
in Mil, n Watson 387 Charles Woolston ,v v 'n I abel 389 \.gnes 390 Grai 
Eve nd Reeves 391 Frederick Lee. 392. Jesse Radnor. 393. Waltei Somei 

156. Alfred Frambes. b May 21, 1858: m. Mmedia Smith; b Septembei to, [859. They 
had: ,<'i| Lewis, Ii Januarj 6, 1884 395, Edward, b. February 27, t88S. 396. Horace, b 
December 5, 1889 397. Lottie, b \ 1 > 1 1 1 9, [893 

[58. Sarah \ Frambes m. George J. Sickler. They had: 398. JHarrj Hetjen. b. July 
21, 1883. 

159. Lottie L. Frambes in. William Hutchinson. Tiny had: 399. Helen. 

1(11. Margaret Frambes m. Daniel Collins Hie) had [00, Vlarj (Oi Lina 111. John 
Race. 102. Martha 403 Richard F.. m Kate Scull. _i< 1 ( Daniel, m. Lizzie Babcock 

[63. Ezra Frambes m. Elizabeth Wains. They had: 405. Ezra. 

ni| Harriet Frambes in. James E, Steelman, They had: 406. Mary. 407. II 
ins Rosi |pppi Edward. 

[68. Henry Frambes, b February 7. [856; m. Mary Louise Price. They had: (io 
Ella. 411 Page Winberg. 4 1 _■. Susan. 413. Mabel |i| Mahlon 

[69. Smith Frambes, b. June 12.. 1859; m. Kali- Waters. They had: 415 Vlar '' 
l\a\ nn md; 117 Stanley, tw ins. 



//ie Frambes, b. May, 1886; m. Jas. II 



bes, Ip May, 188b; in. Jas II Mason, Jr. They bad: 418 Mar;., b 
December 10, [892 imi James !•".. b. November 14. [893. 420, Lewis 



1894 



->. Sallie I Frambi 1 



F . I. Februarj 

riiej had: 421. 
Mice. b. August, [894. 4-'-' Marion, b. January, [896. 

17.; I [annette Frambi 
Edna 

174. Polly P. Frambes in. Albf 

Wan, nir. 429. Albert. 



\l.nl 12, [868; 111. I larry II. Smith, Ji 
Mare in, I), January [896. 

111 Bolton Steelman. They had: 1 ..'.; Marj 424. Mary 425. 
11 Wilson. I hej had: 4-"' Ethel 4-7 Mi rton 1 3 



106 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

r ; Julia Frambes m. George English. They had: 430. George Hilyard 
177. Ina Frambes m. Ira D. Smith. They had: 431 Herbert 

235. Winfield Frambes m. Selina Collins. They had: 432 [da 433 Roy. 

236. Risley Frambes m. Annie Gaskill. They had: 434. May. 435. Charles. 

237. Annie Frambes 111. Edward Higher. They had: 430. Essie. 437. Fred. 

_»45. Mary Louise Frambes m. Aaron Chamberlain, who was lost at sea in September, 

rhej had .Mie child. The second husband is Small, and they hail one child: 

438 Ethel. 

286 George Frambes 111. Mell Hammell. They had: 431). 440. Clarence. 441. 

v. 44J Rena. 

297 Margaret Frambes m. Frank Fisher. They had: 443. Frank. 444. Adelaide. 

304. Ella Frambes m. James Wilson. They had: 445. Marion. 

355. Eva W. Frambes, b. September 1. 1858. m. Vincent F. Lake of Pleasantville. July 
5, 1876. They had: 446. Eugene Tilton. b. May 3. 1877. 447. Miranda D.. b. June 8, [880 
148 Mabelle F., b. July 27, 1882. 440. Victor Edwin, b. March 0. [885 

356. Edwin Bartlett Frambes. b. August 26. i860: m. Jerryetta Mason. January 15, 1881 
They had: 450. Mary A. 11 .. b October 3. 1884. 

350 Joseph Dole Frambes m. Clara Buzby. They had: 451. Frank. 452. Roy. 

LAKE FAHILY. 

1. Daniel Lake, born in 1740. was one of the early settlers in Gloucester, now Atlantic 
County. He married Sarah Lucas, of Burlington County. Their children wire: 2. Chris- 
topher, b. October t, 1705: m. a Dutch woman. 3. Daniel, b. August 7. 1707; 111. Ann 
Leeds. 4. Jemima, b. October 18. 1708. 5. Tabitha. b. May 27, 1770. 6. Sarah, b. Decem- 
ber 2, 1771. 7. John, b. December 2r. 1773: 111. Abigail Adams. 8. Lida, 1> March 17, 1776. 

9. Amariah. b. April 5. 1778: d. June 26, 1847: m. Margaret Adams. September 20, 1801. 

10. Mary. b. September 15. 1780. 11. Asenath, b. January 23, 1783; d. July 18. tS6o; m.. 
first, Levi Collins, August 16, [801; second, Paul Sooy, February 13, 1815. 12. Lucas: 13. 
I ois (twins), b. October 25. 1785. 

3. Daniel Lake, b. August 7. 1707; m. Ann Leeds, of Leeds Point, a daughter of Samuel 
Leeds and Lovica Barber. They had: 14. Dinah Ann: m. John Moore. 15. Luanda. 

7. John Lake. b. December 21. 1773: m. Abigail Adams. They had: 16. Armenia, h 
April 26. 1707: m. Andrew Leeds; d September 18. 1853. 17. John, b. January 12, 1700. m 
Deborah Gaskill. 18. Asenath, b. December 24. 1801. 19. Daniel, b. May 1. 1803: d. Feb- 
ruary 13. 1851; m. Sarah Ann Tilton. 20. Margaret, b. November 30. 1804: m. James Tilton. 
21. Sarah, b. March 2^. 1808: 111. John Bryant. 22. Jesse, b. December 16. 1810; inventor 
of self-holding steering wheel for yachts. 23. Simon, b. September 3. 1813; m. Sarah Blake. 
24 Lucas, b. April 25. 181(1: 111.. first. Rachael Scull: second. Hannah Smith Somers. 25. 
David, b. October 17. 1818; 111. Amanda Robinson. 

g Amariah Lake. b. April 5. 1778: d. June 20. 1847. m. Margaret Adams. September 20. 
1801. They had: 20. Mary. b. 1802; d May, 1870: m Elijah Adams. 2/ Joshua, b. 1803: 
d. March 10. 1869; m. Hannah Leeds. 28. Lydia, b. April 1. 1804: d. November 3. 1839: m. 
English. 29. Mark, b. February 20. 1808: d. February 17. 1808; m. France Anna 
Frambes, February 11. 1835 30. Enoch, m. Eliza Ann Adams. 31. Jemima, d. 1833; 111 
Jeremiah Baker. ,}2. Margaret, b. 1814: d. November to. 189(1: 111. James English. 33. 
... 111. Rev. Joseph Parkyn. 34. Christopher, m. Harriet Kendel. 33. Phoebe, in. 
1 ■ Joseph Price. 

19. Daniel Lake, b. May 1. 1803: d. February 13. 1851: m. Sarah Ann Tilton. daughter 
of Esperus Tilton and Hannah Steelman. They had: 36. Jesse Stcclnian. b. 1825. m 
1 Scull. 37. Hannah Ann. 1>. July o. 1820; in. William Blake. 38. John Tilton. h. 

August 6, 1827: in. Amanda Adams. 30. Armenia, b. December 27. 1829; 111 William G. 
Bartlett. 40. Mary Jane. b. March 14. 1831: m. Josiah Risley. 41. Lewi- S. b December 



LAKE FAMILY. 407 

27, [835; in Anna Liza Rose 42. Ezra \. b \pril. 1840; m Harriet \.dams. 4.;. Anna- 
belle, b 1846. 

23. Simon Lake. b. September 3, 1S13; m. Sarah Blake. They had: 44. Ezra B., b 
December 28, [833; m. Alice Elizabeth Core. 45. Mary Eletha. b. June 8. 1835; d. July 10. 
1857; m. John Race 46 Vbigail Ann. b August 23, [836: d. August 9. 1850. 47. Annie 
Margaret, b. April 14. 1838; m. Somers Champion, 48. Frances Amelia, b. March 27, 1840; 
m. Vincent Robinson, March. [856. 49. Simon Wesley, b. August 7. [842; m. Mary Jane 
Scull. February 6, 1864. so. James Edward, b, January [9, 1845; 111 Emily Venable. 51. 
John Christopher, b. September 2, 1847: 111.. first, Marj Vdams; second, Margaret Corson. 
52. Sarah Ellen, b. March 15, 1851; 111. Timothy Adams. 

Note.- 44. Ezra B.; 40, Simon Wesley, and 50. James Edward Lake, of the previous 
family, were all ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and were the projectors of 
Ocean City, in the spring of 1879. To them is due much of the prosperity of that city. 
44. Kev. Ezra B. Lake, b. December 28, 1833. was the inventor of the window shade roller, 
also of ball bearing bicycles requiring no oil. He married Alice E. Core, and they had 
one child. Mary Eletha, b. July 23, [842 

• 24. Lucas Lake. b. April 25, 1816; in., first Rachael Scull, daughter of John R. Scull. 
They had: 53. Sarah Cornelia, in. Peter B. Risley. 54. Albert. 111. Harriet Eldredge. 55. 
Somers S.. in. Mercy Adams. 56. Armenia. 111 John B. Smith. 

25. David Lake. b. October 17. 1818: 111. Amanda Robinson. They had: Elizabeth, 
John Henry. Vincent, Ira. David. Ella, Leon and Indiana. 

28. Joshua Lake. b. 1803; d. March 10. [869: 111. Hannah Leeds. They bid: 57 Lettie 
J., b. September 28. 1847; .1 September, 1847. 58. Lettie J., b. April 7. 1848. ,1 October 7, 
1864. 59. Margaret Ann. m. William Price. <»> Caroline, m. Lewis Tilton. 01. Amariah. 
62. Lydia, 111. John T. Price. 

29. Mark Lake. b. February 26. 1808: 111. France Anna Frambes, February 11. [835. 
They bad: 63. Henry, b. May 31. 1836. 64. William, b. April 27. 1838. 65. Polly I . b I lj 
3, 1840. 66. Edmund 1.. b. May 16. 1842; d. January 4, 1844. 67. Edmund I .. b. August 18, 
[844 68 Hannah p.. b. December 24. 1846 69 Job F., b. July 8. 1850. 70. Lewis C, b 
April 14. 1852. 71. Daniel E., b. June 8. 1855. 72. Annie, b. June 10. 1850 

30. Enoch Lake. m. Eliza Ann Adams. They had: 73. Jemima 74 Mary. 75. 
Martha 76. Abel E. -7. Wilbert. 

31. John Christopher Lake. b. September 2. 1847; m., first, Mary Adams They had: 
78. Simon. 79. Arleta 

jS. Simon Lake is the inventor of the submarine torpedo 1m. at. recently given a favor- 
abli i' -t by the United States Government. 



LEEDS FAMILY. 



1. Thomas Leeds, the founder of the Xew Jersey family of Leeds, came from Leeds, 
England, to Shrewsbury. Monmouth County, X. J., in 1676. He and wife obtained war- 
rants for 240 acres of land from the East Jersey proprietors, Before two years passed awaj 
thi- wife, by whom he had three -on-, died His second wife was Margaret Collier, "of 
Marcus Hook upon ye river Delaware." The meeting record tells us that this was the first 
marriage recorded in the books of "God's people at Burlington," and took place at Bur- 
lington, "ye 6th day of ye 8th mo., 1078." Thomas Leeds died a Friend, in 1687. and was 
buried beside his first wife in the yard adjoining 'In- old shingle sided meeting at Shrews- 
bury. His widow removed to Philadelphia. Her will is there recorded, dated mo. 18, 170; 

The sons mi 111 Thomas Leeds and first wife were: 2. William. 3. Daniel. 4. Thomas, 
Jr. , no 

2. William Lce.b lived at Middle-town, Monmouth County, X J . until after the death 
of his wife, Dorothea; his occupation being that of a cooper. In 1705 he purchased 200 




ROBERT B. LEEDS. 



LEEDS FAMILY. I 

acres ol land of his brother Daniel, "on the sea coast near \1 reek." In i;" s he 

bought more land from fohn Budd, ol Philadelphia. 

3. Daniel Leeds was born in Leeds, I ngland. about ifi 2 and followed hi 
the New World in 1678 In archivi of the Surveyoi General' tain the follow- 
ing concerning (3) Daniel Leeds: 

"Thomas Revell, his wife, children and servants, and Daniel Leed . came to We I 
Jersey in the ship "Shield," in Decembei [678, landing al Burlington, being the first 
vessel ascending the Delaware to that point." 

Daniel married, first, Ann Stacy, 2 mo 21, [681, daughter of Robert Stacj a tan 
Burlington, and niece ol Mahlon Stacj . who settled the "Falls of Delaware," wl 
now stands. \nn gave birth to a daughter "ye 3d da) ol ye [2th mo in ye yi 1 
died soon after In January, 1683, Daniel married Dorothy Young, daughtei 
Voting, "i Burlington, He lived at this time about one half mile west ol tin pre enl village 
of Jackson, in Springfield Township, Burlington County, his housi being on the north side 
.1! the turnpike leading to Burlington. His official position was that : of the 

Assembly, [682 Lettet Ft Lord 1 ornburj to the "Lords of Trade," 7th mo, 9, [703, 

peal "i Daniel Leeds as one of his council. In July, ;n|. Daniel Leeds was appointed oni 
ol the couni illot ol NN n [ersej ' tthet letti 1 mention his reappoint! ■ 

!. -iiiIh 1 ; . [706 

As earlj as 1694 he "located land" in Great Egg Harbor, and in [698 11 idi the following 

urvej . having il 1 firmed b) grant from tin proprietary council ol We 1 i 

I In grant covered ".ill the land from James B Smith's place, near Smithville, running 
in -1 1I1 in I lull \ Swamp Creek, along tlii-- creek, to \\ igwam I reek, to Mott's < reel along 
Mutt Creek to Duck Creek and thence to Lower Island, " then known .1 Furthet Island. 
Daniel sold this island to his son Felix, Jul) 20, [707, who in turn cinveyed it to Japhel 1 t, 
ii\ null nture dati d Novembet ;. 1710. 

Daniel brought hither hi famil; ettled upon this land and called il Leed Poinl 

ground on the Point, and the highest point ol land mi tin coa 1 fi tin Highlands in the 

(apes hi Virginia Amidst tin- hardships incident i" pioneer life in this spat • I- ettled 

locality, Daniel found ti ind inclination in erve his State, having held several in 

offices. Mi wa 1 In first Surveyor General of West Jersey, having for a time the a 
in In nil Bethanali He began the compilation "i tin- first almanacs in this country, in 
[687, continuing until 171''. when In- sons Felix and Titan succeeded him Win Bi 
printed these almanacs. Watson's Annals ■>! Philadelphia contains following: 

"The first work printed bj Wm Bradford which ha reached us with a dati i an almanai 
fot the year ol the Christian account [687, particularly respecting the meridian ami latitude 
of Burlington, but ma) indifferent!) serve all place adjacent, B) Daniel Leeds, student ol 
agriculture. Printed ami sold 1 >> Wm Bradford, neai Philadelphia, in Penn ylvania, pro 
anno, id,X~." 

These almanacs an- in tin- possession of the Historical Societies ol Pennsylvania am! 
New York. The Society in \i u ''1 ml at "in- inn paid $500 foi a ingle copy of this 
almanac. 

Benja Franklin, in his. "Poor Richard's Almanac" for 17.(5. mentions Daniel Leed 

as an astrolger. Allibone calls him tin- "first author south of New York." being authoi of 
1 In "Bool ni Wisdom," onl) one cop) ol which is known to 1 < 1 

The children ol 1 .v Daniel Leeds and Dorothy Young were: 

151 Japheth ist, 1. October 24, [683; m. Deborah Smith. 

Cii Mar) . I. Vpril in. 1685: m John Stocton, 

(7) Felix, b July 27. [687, d 1744.111 Hannah Hewl 

(8) Philo, in Abigail Dennis, daughter of Samuel Dennis and Increase Lippincott 
mi lh 1I1. in. ih. Ii March 24, 1692 m 11. Mat j 2d. Sarah Mathis. 

ii" 1 \nn. Ii Februar) 17. 1694; buried Jul) 4. 1769: m Revell Elton, son ol \nilmn-, 
Elton ami l-li.-.ili, ill I,'- , II 



HO DAILY UNION HISTORY OF \ll ^.NTIC COUNTY. 

i ii i Daniel ad, b June 5, [697; in Mary Newbold, daughter of Joshua and Hannah 
Newbold. 

1 t) I a. in. b. August 25, [699 Sheriff of Burlington ( ounty, 1 ;.• j 

5. Japheth Leeds, tst, b, October 24, [682, Springfield Township, Burlington County, 
X. J. Married Deborah Smith, and 1- supposed to have located near Leeds Point befo 
From In- father (3), Daniel, he received Leeds Point, then containing about 1,000 
His house stood well out on "the Point," the site was the present Townsend Hon-.' 

The minutes of Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting states that "in [726 there were three 
places for holding Friend's meeting in this county, vi Japheth 1 eeds', Petei Whiti - and 
John Scull's," which were I eed Point, Misecon and Somers Point, respectively 

Japheth Leeds' will, dated Februarj 5, 1736, bequeathed to his son John the land before 
mentioned as Further Island Children ol Japheth 1 eeds and Deborah were: 

(13) Mary, b. 1704; m. Samuel Somers, son of John Somers tst. 

(14) Robert, b. 1706; m. Abigail Higbee, daughter of falm Higbee tst and Alice 
Vndreu 

(is) John, b. 1708; m.. first, Rebecca Cordery, June 17, [737; second, Sarah Mathis 
Coate, in 1-51. daughter of John and Mice Matin- and widow of Marmaduke Coate. 
(16) Japheth 2d, b March 18, [710: d April 12, 1781; in. Rebecca Woodward. 
Nehemiah, b. 1712; in. Elizabeth \\ Iward 

(18) James, b. [714. 

(19) Daniel, 3d, b. [716; in. first, Susannah Steelman, daughter of Andrew Steelman; 
second, Rebecca Steelman. 

to) Sarah, b. [718 (Probably m. Thomas Wilkins.) 
I Deborah, 1> [720; m Hugh Wale. Februarj 1 1748 
i-'-' 1 Dorothy, 1>. 1722; m. Jonathan Husted, 174S. 

13) \1111, b. 1724; in. Nathaniel Hiomas, Octobei j,;. 1 r.^S. 
i-M' Hannah, 1.. Februarj iS. 1726; d. November -•). 1762; m Petei Steelman, ist, son 
of James Steelman 1st. 

15, John Leeds, the -coon. I -on of (5) Japheth Leeds 1-1: b about [708; m. Rel 
Cordery, June 17. 1737. IK- was one of the pioneer farm.'- oi this countj 
hi ather's will the homestead at 1 eeds Point, where he conducted a thrifty and prosperous 
farm. He was a minister of the Societj of Friends ami travelled extensivelj 
journeys through what are m » Capi May, Vtlantic ami Burlington Counties. H 
bore him four children: 

William. 1.. Maj 24, i:.;S: .1 February, [828: in Mary Osborn, [768 
I 16) John. b. November, 1740. m Eli abeth Giffen. 
1 17) I. ime-. b Maj . 171-' 
(28) Mary, b. February, [746 

While travelling in Burlington after In- first wife'- death, John met ami married Sarah 
Mathis Coate. 1751, daughter ol John and Vlice Matin- ami wid< n of Marmaduke Coate, 
a noted Friend »i Mansfield, N. J. The children of this marriage were: 

' '"' Daniel, 4th, b. July 25, 1752; in. Mary Steelman. January 3, 1775. daughl 

ick Steelman i-t 

(30) Jeremiah, b. March 4, 1 754 er, 1838; m.. first, Judith Steelman. December 

8, 1770: second, m. Millicent Steelman tngersoll. 

- '■ I tlj 1 December 28. 1841; m. Catherine Smith-Carr, daughtei 

and Judith Smith and widow ol Job 1 
' Dorothy, b. Julj 30, 1756, twin sister of Vincent; d about [823; m. Robert Smith, 
Noah and Judith Smith, 

Daniel I eeds, 3d, b about 1716, son oi (5) Japheth the tirst. was another fa 
surveyor of the family His commission from King George tin Secoi d England, dated 
:. 1-57. to be Surveyor General of the Western Division ol New Jersey, is now- in 
11 of Mr 11. S Scull, of this city, and it 1- a very unique and interesting docur 



LEEDS F \\W\.\ m 

ment. Daniel married, first, Susannah Steelman, daughtei ol Andrew Steelman i t; econd, 

he married Rebecca Steelman ["he nat I his children wen Susannah, who married 

farm Scull, in May, 1774; Dorcas and Rachel. 

10 feremiah Leeds, b March 4, 1754, the first permanent ettler on this island, o fai 
as known, like many ol his fellow countrymen one hundred years ago, was a man ol talwarl 

mould. He si I six feet in height and weighed fully two hundred and fifty pounds and was 

a Quaker. There is no evidence that he lefl the Quaket neighborhood at Leed Point and 
came to this island to live permanentlj previous to 1783, when he wa twentj nine yeai old 
Mr built In- first log cabin and cleared awaj the field where it stood, where the Reading 

iii n ni and tracks now arc from Atlantic to Baltic avenues. He raised everal cro] n 

and rye and became thoroughly familiar with the verj great abundance ol wild duck and 
gei ' and many kind ol ea fowl which then were tame and plenty, but an nov rarelj een 

Mi no doubt experi id the great pe 1 ol 1 |uitoi w here then we: anj ponds and 

swamp among the sandhills, and .1 isted a a vreckei in thosi days when many 

vessels with valuable car| were lost on the Brigantiw hoal ft 1 difficult in these 

days i" full} appreciate the advantages and the disadvantages which thi tretch of beach 
afforded a young man who seems to have- had no aspirations n>r political honors, but had 
In waj to make in the world. The records at Trenton show, that he had risen to be First 
Lieutenant in Captain Joseph Covenover's Sixth 1 ompany, Third Battalion, Glouo tei 
Countj Militia, hi commission bearing the dati ol September (8, 1 777- 

He seems to have acted vy 1 elj in locating w hen land wa cheap [0 cent an acre 

whin- the natural privileges foi fishing and gunning supplied 1 1, and where visions of 

wealth from the spoils ol the sea and tin manufai ture ol salt were alluring. 

Jeremiah Leeds married, first. December 8, 1770. Judith Steelman, daughter ol Fred 
erick Steelman, the first As early a- 1695 Judith's gn it grandfather, Jame Steelman, 1 1 

Owned the wi Stern mil of this island. Jeremiah owned land ami maintain' 1 1 a 1 1 1. in.- on the 
mainland for some year-, and -<■ far as i- known all his children, 1 ccept his younge I boy 
by his second win', were born on the mam lam I. where medii al atti ntion va a ^ailabli 

The children of Jeremiah Leeds ami Judith Steelman were: 

(.yi J. mi. I. February 26, 1777: d. [798. 

(34) Rhuhama, b. January 21, [779; d. August 30, 1862: in Joseph Conover, February 
20, 180 r. 

(.151 Rachel, b October 24, 1782; d. April 11. [845; m., first, Jesse Steelman: I 

M.,.1 Reed. 

(.id) Adah, b April 25, [788; d. October 25, [792. 

(371 Sarah, b. March 26, [790; .1 Octobet c8, 17')-'. 

(38) Andrew, b .April 31, [792; d. Septembet 1 I64 m., first, Armenia Lake econd, 
Ml' n I >e l.nrt K' in" 11, [852. 

About the year [816 Jeremiah married ■> second tinn Millicent Steelman fngei "II. 
daughter "I Isaac ami Hannah Steelman ami widow ..i I in fngei oil. Vlillicent had a 
daughter, Mary Ann, by her first husband, Isaac tngersoll, who became the wife of Daniel 
L. Collins, a well-known farmer "i Smith' Landing. 

At the time of his second marriage Jeremiah was o_> and hi- wife 24 yeai ol age Four 
children resulted from tin i mat 1 iagi 

(39) \.n on, died j - aing 

(|'n Judith, m. Richard Hai ki tl 

(41) 1 halklej Steelman, m., first, Margaret Holland Gaskill; s I. Rosi Voting 

(42) Robert Barclay, b. May 2, [828; m. 1 aroli 1 I nglish 

For lii'. fivi ears this stalwart -..n "i the Revolution lived on thi- lonely island and 

pro pered, occupying log eabins nil a more pretentious frame tructut tld he built in 

his old age Me raised cattlt and grain ami sold t" pa ing 1 el his urplus products 
anil w .! undi 1 Ian little expi 1 1 1 1 1 or the hi 



412 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

As lie increased his hoard he bought lands and added to his possessions, not wishing 
near neighbors till he owned and was master of marly all the island to South Atlantic City. 

When the first salt works were built, in iSu. Leeds only leased the land to one John 
Black, of whom he bought it. so that he might yet control the property. 

He was careful to build brush fences along the beach to catch the sand and build up 
the sandhills to keep high tides oul of the fresh water ponds so necessary for the wild fowl 
which comprised an important part of his food supply. He disliked to have sportsmen 
trespass upon his estate, though he always granted permission to shoot game under certain 
restrictions when he was asked. 

lie was particular in keep away from Ins sandhills the cattle and horses which owners 
on the mainland brought over here in tin'' summer to pasture [f the grass were eaten off 
the sandhills would blow away, which was detrimental to his policy of building up the 
island. The hit; sandhills, which many now living ran remember, were the result of the care 
and vigilance of patriarch Leeds, tlie original proprietor. 

Jeremiah Leeds died in [838, in his 84th year, of a cancer on his lower lip, which had 
worried him the last forty years of his life. His body was laid at rest beside that of his 
first wife in the old Steeltnan cemetery on the hay side of the shore road near Bakersville. 

After the death of Jeremiah Leeds, in October, 1838, his lands were apportioned among 
his children by commissioners appointed 1>\ the Orphans' Court at Mays Landing 

These commissioners were Joseph Garw 1. Japhel Leeds, and John \ (lenient 

From their report it appears that Leeds died seized of [,o68'/o acres on this island, which 
comprised everything to South Atlantic excepting the Chamberlain tract of i;,i acres, 
located mostly m what is now the First Ward of this city. Leeds also owned 25] acres on 
the mainland. 

The apportionment of these lands was a s follows: To Ruhama (Conover) soVs acres, 

also [85 acres on the mainland; to Rachael (Steelman) ,i-l acres, also <><> on the mainland; 

to Andrew Leeds 347 acres; to Judith (Hackett) 234 acres; to Robert I'.. Leeds [76 acres 

To Chalkley Steelman Leeds. _> 1 7 acres more or less. 

Most oi these- lands, in r8j3 and [854. were sold to the Camden ami Atlantic Com- 
for $5 to S17 50 per acre. 
pany, for $5 to $17.50 per acre. 



Jeremiah Leeds, in his old age, used to tell the story of a \ i-tt which his lather. John 
Leeds, received one day from foraging Redcoats, just before the Revolution. 

\ British vessel entered 1 .real Bay in full view from Leeds Point, Two barges with 
soldiers and sailors came ash,, re for fresh meat. The captain ordered the Quaker farmer 
to drive up his cattle which were grazing in the meadows nearby. This was done, where- 
upon two fat steers were selected from the herd and quicklj knocked in the head, their 
bodies quartered, loaded on wagons and taken to the barges and to the ship. 

*'A'l right. That's all." was the farewell greeting of the captain to the farmer, who 
considered himself lucky in losing so little by the uninvited visit,, is M,, steers happened 
to he the personal property of Jeremiah and his brother, and were worth perhaps at that 
time si\ or eight dollars per head. This event had its effect in making a soldier of the 
Quaker hoy in the war of the Revolution which soon followed. 

The records of Gloucester County, of which Atlantic originally was a part, show that 
one J. ('. Smallvv'ood collected the balance of the pension due the widow alter the death 
01 Jeremiah Leeds ami secured her claims to a quarter section of land which she sold 
afterwards to Daniel L. Collins lor one hundred dollars. 

Leeds never having been wounded while a soldier, only received a pension a few 
yens before his death, when a generous country recognized the service of all survivors of 
the seven veal's' war. 



eds, born on Abse, 


',,n beai 


:h, at th< 


■ Jei 


emiah 1 .<■ 


eds plantation, mar- 


Lake, daughter of 


John L 


ake and 


We 


gail Vdan 


is. Andrew's house 


is now the intersi 


ction o 


Baltic 


and 


Georgia 


avenues. The chil- 



LEEDS FAMILY. 

;Si Andrew L< 
tied, first, Armenia 
stood "ii land that 
dren were: 

(43) James, b. August 6, [818; d. January 10. 1893 

(441 John, b. October 9, [819; d. December 29, [867 

1 15) Si,, [man, I, Ma) 2, iX_m ; d. June 24, [896 

(46) \l,iL!.nl. b. October [9, [831: d. September, [859 

4.?. Jam,- Leeds, b August 6, [818, was a shipbuilder and farmei Hi- house stood in 
the center of a field bounded bj what are now Missouri, Arkansas. Arctic and Atlantic 
avenues, the site of the Reading Railroad station. This house was afterward; moved to 
the corner ,,1" Arkansas and Arctii avenues, and still exists a- the two upper tories ol a 
tenement house at the corner ol Arkansas avenue and Division street 

H, erved as Councilman one term. 1854 James married Vbigail Webb, September 4. 
[847, daughter -1 William Webb and Elizabeth Morse lie died -1 old age at Ocala, 
Florida. January to, [893 His children were: 

47. Armenia Laki Leeds, b. September 15. [848; m Israel Nichols, son of Abraham 
Nichols. 1875. They had: Mollie Nicholas, b. May 25. [876: d Vugust 30, [877. 

48. Sylvester Leeds. I,. December 5, 1X4,), m. Ella Lee, daughter ol Elisha and Maria 
Bavis Lee. June 8. [879. They had: 57. James Elisha, I). February 23, [882. 58. Maria, b. 
October 4, [893; d. February 28, [899 59 Marvin, b Octobei 1. 1893 

4'i Lydia Corson Leeds, b. May 5. 1X51: in. Elmer P. Reeves, son of Mark and [Cath- 
erine Parsels Reeves They had: lame- E b Januarj '>. [871; in. Jennie V Leidy, Feb 
riiary 1. [892. William W., b. May 28, 1X74. ,1. June 1. 1X74 Abigail, b Juni 5, [876 
February 17. 1X77 Aldora, b. March 3. 1878. Marry, b. July 28, 1883: d Vugusl [2, [883 
Ray im ,ii,l L , 1, August J-'. 1891 

50. Mary Elizabeth Leeds. 1> Vpril 26 [853 m Thomas Oakley, son of rhomas and 
Mason 1 laklei I h,y had: Oscar, I. July 25, [878; d. August 8. 1878 Somers L., 

I,. June .5. 1880 Li 1- J, frrii 1, August 17. 1883. 

51. Benjamin Franklin Leeds, b. April 1. 1855; m. Rejoice Treen, May 6, 1X7,1 They 
had: 60 Agnes Freas, b, January 27. [880. 61 Anna Mary. b. May 17. 1882. ',_' Armenia 
Lake. I, \ 1 .7- 1 1 15. [884. 63. Benjamin Harrison, b. August u. [888. 

(52) Sarah Abigail, b \ 1 >i 1 1 _'l. 1X57 

53. Ellen Bennett Leeds, 1, January .51. [859; m J, ,1m 1'. Baker, July 1. 1X7X. 01 
Jesse A and Caroline Steelman Hal.,. They had: Myrtle Emily, b. May t8, 1X7,, 

54 Hannah Kaehael Leeds, b. November 9, i860; m Edward Shoultes, on ol 1 dw 
and Sarah Strong Shoultes. They had: Daniel Morris Shoultes. b Vugusl 5, 1890 Mar- 
\ in Allred, b. June x. 1892 

55. Augustus Eveline Leeds, 1, November 5. [862; m. Charles Hontmer, son ,,i John 
Henry and Sarah Margaret \\d on Hommer. They had: Flora Myrtle. 1, September 4. 
iXXi, Sarah Abigail, l>. October 4. [891 (hail,- Leeds, b. January [6, [893. 

51, S,,mers Edwin Leeds. I). July 15. 1X1,4: in. Ira Garwood, daughter ol Richard and 

Elmira Babcock Laru 1 They had: 64 Abigail Morse, b Novembet 6. [888, deceased 

17 Sinner- Edwin, jr. I, January 20, [889 66. Almira, deceased ',7 Abigail M01 1 b 
May 7,. 1893 68, \I11111-.1, decea »ed 

44 J,,hn Lee,L. 1, ( ictobet 9, [819 Had a plantation ,,,',,1111- land now included with- 
in the boundaries ,,1 Ohio and Kentucky avenues, from the Thoroughfare to 'he sea His 
house was originally located on what 1- now known as the corner ,,i Arctic avenui and 
Leeds Place, between Ohio and Indiana avenues lli- widow and t w ,, daughters. Margaret 
and Rachacl. now live in a cottage local,-, 1 on this -|",t I'll,' ,,1,1 house having keen moved 
to the rear and now used a- two dwellings He married. January 14. 1X44. Hannah Webb. 



414 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

daughter o{ William Webb and Elizabeth Morse. He was a member of the first Council of 
Atlantic City, serving two terms. He was a prosperous farmer and land owner, his house 
being a refuge for some of the young men who came from "down East" to carve their 
fortunes on this fair island. Among these might be mentioned Joseph A. Barstow and John 
W. Avery, who married John Leeds' sister Abigail and had three children, who all died 
young. John Leeds died December 29, [867. His children were: 

(69) Andrew, b. November 10. 1844; m. Mary Bramble. June 29. 1S92. 

70. Charles Edward Leeds, b. July 11. 1846; m. Arabelle Smith. [871, daughter of John 
H. and Harriet Sooy Smith. They had: 76. John Smith, b. April 11. 1872: m. Lizzie S. 
Collins. October 26, 1893. 77. Hamilton, 1>. December u, 1874; d. March 4. 1S75. 

71. Elizabeth Leeds, b. May 24. 184.8; m. Levi Collins Albertson, October 1. [868. They 
had: Gertrude, 1>. April 2. 1S71, Casper. 1>. July 10. 1872; d. September 30, 1873. Myra. 
b. February 20. 1878 

(72) Margaret A., b. February 24. [850. 

73. Daniel Lake Leeds, b. June 27. [852; 111. Amy White. They had: 78. Curwin. 79. 
Ada. 80. Oliver. 81. Mina. 

174) Rachael, b. October 21. 1856. 

(75) John. Jr.. b. January 8. i8(>o: d. December 18. 1800. 

76. John Smith Leeds, b. April 11. 1872; m. Lizzie Smith Collins, .laughter of Edwin 
Steelman and Roxanna Smith Collins. They had: 82. Margaret Ray. December 22. 1895. 

45. Steelman Leeds, b, May 2. [821, lived in a house that is still standing back of the 
Island House, near the turnpike road, lie war- elected to the first City Council. Married 
Rachel Miller. October 31, 1854 In 1807 thej mo-ved to Maryland and afterward to Texas, 
where his children. Rebecca and William, died. He lived the last eight years of his life at 
Boseman. Montana. The beautiful willow trees now standing near the Island House were 
set out by Steelman Leeds, in [862. He died at Boseman. June 2,1, 1896. A branch of these 
willows was sent to his widow by Mrs. Abigail Leeds, in 1896. and it still flourishes over his 
grave in faraway Montana. His children were: 

(83) Frank, b. August 30. 1855: 111. Sarah Allen. 

(84) Rebecca Cecilia, b. October 30, 1850: ,1. February 9. 1882: m. Augustus Allen. 
Had Robert Vincent, September 20. 1870 

(85) Abram Titlow, b October 27. 1858. 

(S6) William, b. May 31, 18O0: d. September. 1866. 

(87) Anna Mary. b. Jul} 28, 1863; 111. John Charles Borgers. Had Bessie Mary, Feb- 
ruary .?, 1892. 

(88) Ruhama, b. November 24. 18(14; d. August 15. 1805. 

40. Judith Leeds, m. January 16, 1840. Richard Hackett. son of Richard Hackett and 
Hannah Mason. Their children were Matilda, b. June 27. 1842; m. John Hammond. 
Joseph, b. December 7. 1848; d. August 4. [888; 111. Tamar Oakley. Josephine, b. January 
i,?. 1850; m. Samuel Ree\e 

41. Chalkley Steelman Leeds was the first Mayor of Atlantic City, being elected to 
that office in 1854. 1855. and again in 1802. His name appears as a member of the early 
councils of the city, and from [870 to 181)4 he was City Treasurer. 

He married, first. Margaret Holland Gaskill, daughter of Edward Gaskill. of Tucker- 
ton. X. J. Their children were: 

(89) Amanda Elizabeth, b. December 14. 1847; m.. first. George Clifton Bryant. Jan- 
uary 20. 1870; in., second. Thomas Jefferson Horner. November 12, 1882 

(90) Maria, b. August 23, 1840; m. Lewis Evans. October 1. 1808, 

0,1 1 Milliccnt. b. March 8. 1852; m. William. C. Heath. Had Charles and Herbert. 

(92) Jeremiah, b. July 20. 1854: m, Annie Cramer. February 11. 1881. 

(93) Mary Rebecca, b. October 29. [856; m. Charles Daugherty. November ,;o. 1SN1 
(041 Charles Gaskill, b. September 10. 1859; deceased 



LEEDS FAMILY. -<15 

1151 Isaac Steelman, b. November u, 1862; m. Mary Parker. 
Midi 1. am-. 1. b. October 27. 1865; m. Fred W. Hogan, December 31, [890. 
Chalkley Steelman Leeds in., second, Miriam Rosella Young. Their children wen 

(97) Mable Chalkley. b. March 30, [883. 

(98) Minnie Warren, b. March -'. [885. 
iijiii Margaret Evans, b. March jo. [888. 

89 \mauda Elizabeth Leeds, b. December 14. 1847, m ■ first. George Clifton Bryant, 
son ol John ami Sarah Lake Bryant, January 26, 1870. They had twin--: Ralph, b. August 
28, [871; d. November 20. [891; Maud. b. August 28, 1X71: d June 5. '888, Nettie, b. 
April 25, [873 

(89) Amanda m., second, Thomas Jefferson Horner, son of Thomas and Susan Horner. 
They had: Helen Haskins, b. June 25, [885; d. November 25, 1891. Mary, b, Maj 30 [887; 
d. August 5. 1887. 

00. Maria Leeds, b. August 23. 1849: in. Lewis Evans, October 1. 1X68, son of Samuel 
E. and Emeline Estell Evans. They hail: Lue Ina. b. June 2, 1870 John Estell, li July 
[5, 1872. Emeline Estell. b. November 1. [873. Margaret Leeds, b. December 21. 1S75: d. 
July '). [876. Margaret Leeds, b. June 1. [878 

92. Jeremiah Leeds, b. July 20. 1S54 : m. Annie Cramer, daughter of Isaac and Hannah 
Rudder Cramer. February 11. 1881. They had: 100. Lewis Reed. b. December 9. 1881 
101. Charles, b. September 30. 1885. 

95. Isaac Steelman Leeds, b. November 11. [862: m. Mary Parker, daughter of Steven 
and Elizabeth Lippincott Parker. They had: 102. Elizabeth, b. February ^ , 1898. 

96. Laura Leeds, b. October 27. 1865; in Fred W. Hogan, son of Edward Hogan. De- 
cember 31, 1890. They had: Harold 1. . March 4. [893; d Maj 21. [893; Frederick, b. March 
17, 1897: d. January 21, 1898. 

42. Robert Barclay Leeds, h. May 2. [828; m. Caroline English. April 29. 1S52. daughter 
of Peter English and Esther Collins. Their children were: 

(103) Lurilda, b. June 15. 1854: m Oliver T. Nice, February 28. 1878. 

(104) Honora. b. August 24. 1856; d. October 25. 1857. 
1105) Neida, b. June 6, 185S; 111. Albeit B. Richards. 

(106) Harry Eellerjeau. b. August 9. i860: in. Harriet Somers Scull. November 24. 18115. 

(107) Albert English, b. May 8. 1802; d July 25. 1863. 
1 108) Alberta, b. January 1, 1864; m. Ered. P. Currie. 
(109) Horace Maynard, b. November 1, 1865. 

103. Lurilda Leeds, b. June 15, 1854. m. Oliver T. Nice. February 28, 1878. They had: 
Ralph Emerson, b. February 1. 1884. 

105. Neida Leeds, b. June 6, 1858: m. Albert B. Richards. They had Walter. 

106. Harry Bellerjeau Leeds, b. August o. i860; 111. Harriet Somers Scull, daughter of 
Judge Joseph Scull and Hannah Gifford Scull. November 24. 1805. They had: (no) Alice 
Leeds, b. May 19, 1897. 

108. Alberta .Leeds, b. January 1. 1864: m. Fred. P. Currie, son of George F. Currie. 
They had: Fred.. December 29. [885 




C P>E\\lNGTON M 



PENNINGTl )N F M\lll.\ 




PENNINUION PA/VWLY. 

The in i ol tin Famil) ol Peiiningl o come to Atlantic Count; I il m Pen 

nington, who was born al Dutch Farms, near Newark, N J He was a soldiei in the 

Ri olutionary Army, volunteering .'il the age ol [9. He al: irved again 1 tin ".in kej 

insurrection During the Revolu 1 In v. .1 taken prisoner and ent to Quebei Canada 

when In uffered mm much, nearlj dyin arvatioii He 1 capcd witl I In 

comradi 1 tin numbi 1 unting to Mir top ..i the »;ill bj landing on the shoulders 

..1 tin -Hi. 1 . the others being pulled up bj means ol theii bed clothing, which wa tied 
togetln 1 . and tin n lowi n 'I to tin oppo iti idi 

ban Pennington wa a ship buildci He lived at Chestnut Necl X J., then a pari 

"i Glouci itei < ounty, bul now in Vtlantii ' ount) Hi wa tal I then in chai 

property captured from the ei > 1 1 1 wife wa Margaret Wescol a daughter of Colonel 

Richard VVi cot, -1 Mays Landing Hie; n ided in Mays Landing, in a pari called Pen 
nington' Poinl when wa located the ship yard in which In carried on hi bu ini ind 
which continued l" be an active hip yard until recenl veai Ml tin Penningtons in 

Atlantic 1 ountj an di cended fr him He died in [810 Hi had .1 large Family, nine 

children fohn, boi n in 1791 . Ii\ ed al VI aj I .anding I v a a ea 1 aptain 1 el ow ncr, 

il for a time Sheriff ol tin 1 01 



■ " 

John Pennington had ten children, everal of whom in nov living, i daughtei ' 

cotl at a very ad\ I age, in Ma; 1 he i tin motl I ' !ounl ( 

! - h 1 P. Scott. Another tl V1 1 Vnn 1 ndii otl ol da 1 tnding ,vho died 1 

few year ago One of hei on Judgi Vllen B Endicott, i : lent of the county and 

ol \t I. nt 1. Cit) I m 1 1. 1 -. ol 1 1 • 1 , hildren in tl unt) ari 'I Cathei im B I ndii ott, 

Mrs. Isabella 1 01 on, VIi Hannah Howell and Mrs. Mar) I sard, all ol Via) I anding 
1 ii abeth Rundall, ol Ulantii 1 I 1 1 1 1 her pari 



in l\ ll in l.ll I . im II I < ll\ I nu III UK Mll^ UNMI Ml Ulllll ]>,Ul- I 

this State: Di G orgi \\ End 1. ol Plainfii Id and Mr. 1 hai h G. 1 ndii otl of We 

field. A fourth son is Ri ai Vdmiral Mordei ai I !■ ndii ott, 1 S. Navy, 

Mn ,1 1,, 1 daughti 1 "i .I 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 I ' ngti m is Mr 

City, .11 the Inn 1 In < daughti 1 . Mi I Fannah M 

I ,aw Judge "i this county 

1 im of the 



in , 
11 I . 



Ulantii 

'i ! '. 



I 1 I in niip < ni 

n Mr, Joseph 'I I 
... 1 1 1 1 now M ay 01 o I Vt Ian tic < 1 1 \ . 1 hei on 
. Lewis W . is now living, :i captain in the merchanl ervicc in tin 

Clyde In in' . ailing mil of New York. II. -.1 .1 volunteei naval ofi luring 

1 il Wai 11 m- ii 1, in iln gradi ol acting ma tei to ■< lii uti mini 1 ommandei al the 

tin h n Hi did gallanl ei ice dm ing the t ai and erved undi r Farra 

pn 1 in in tin .111. 11 I. mi Fori Jai I on and Philip on the Mi 1 ippi river, and 1 aptured 
■ flag .11 the l.itii 1 fori 

Captain John Pennington was tin econd on, who had .1 long and I rabli ei ice 

i" iln merchanl team marine He wa mmand oi a tran pori in the government 

ervice during tin < ivil War and w: I) wounded b) a hoi through the lung in 

passing a I onfederati forci on tin banl ol the Potomai rivei He resided outside the 
limits of this State in his later life, bul hi widow, VIi Elizabeth Pennington, now reside 

in Atlantic City with her son In I B. Pennington, a vei nco Fill physician 

Nathan Pennington's daughter, ( harlotte, married Mr. Lewis Walki Inn! 

1 !" v I' ided al Walker' 1 the town. Mr. Walker was iln proprietoi ol 



in 




LEWIS PENNINGTON SCOTT. 



PENNING l< IN FAMILY 



41!" 



large tracts of land and o( the iron forge, and had large business interests. The; d 
evi ral i hildn n one, the late John \\ alker, ol Trenton, \. .1 . being the father of Mr. John 
P. Walker, who is a resident of this county in the old mansion at Walker's Forge, during 
the summer months, He is a very prominent educator, having held a responsible po ition 
for 1 1 1 . i r i > years upon the staff of the school for deal mutes in Philadelphia, and recently re- 

ceived an appointment from tl /ei I thi Stati at tin head ol the State Institution 

for Deaf Mutes. 

Another child of Charlotte was Rebecca, who married tin late Sii i Hanthorne, of 

Mays Landing, being his second wife. One child by this union resides in Mays Landing, 
Miss Amelia I [anthome. 

The fifth daughter of Nathan Pennington was Rebecca, who married William Mattix, 
ol Vlaj I anding Thej had nine children, two ol whom survive and live in May- Land- 
William Mattix and Alwilda, wife of Mr Martin \ B Moore 





OLD PENNINGTON HOMESTEAD. 



The first member of the family who cami into tl e s i iti ol Ni v Jerse; E] 

who appears in New Haven in 1643, and 11 1- sup] I th: In time ol his arrival 

in this country. In [66; the) removed to Newark, N. J., and settled there fin Nathan 
Pennington mentioned above, who lived in Mays Landing, wa 1 gr 1 indsi 
Ephraim who came to New Jersey in 1667. and who was the son ol tin 1 phraim who 
ed to thi 1 ounti j in [643 

01 this family two were Governors of the State of New Jersey, the first, William S., 

brother of Nathan, from [813 to [815. Hi wa \ ti fu tice ol the Supreme < 

New Jersej in [804, and Judge ol the 1 nited stati Di tricl I ourl ol Nev 1 

[815 to hi-, death, in [826. He wa ai cei ol thi Second Regiment oi the New I 




ATLANTIC AVENUE. 1870. 




MANSION HOUSE. 1876. 



PENNINGTON FAMILY I'-'i 

Artillery, in the Revolutionary War, serving under General Knox, and the rank of Major 
was conferred upon him by special act of Congress, His son. William, was also a man of 
great prominence in the State, and was a member of the United States House ol I 

mi. mucs rroin (86o to 1862, ami Speaker ..1 the same House Mr was also Goveri 

New Jersey For seven years, from 1837 i<> [843, inclusive; likewise Chancellor ol the State 
dui Mir 1I1. .inn period, 

Alexander C, M Pennington, a cousin of the last named Governor, was a practicing 
lawyer in Newark, N. .1 . until 1857, He was a member of tin- New Jersey Assembly from 
[837 ami [838, ami oi the United Slates House of Representatives for two terms, being 

elected in 1852, ami again in 1854. lie was a man o e military education, having been 

a cadet at the United SiaU's Military Academy for two years, after which he re igned to 

study law ll< was Brigad eneral commanding the Essex Brigade for a number 

of years. 

Alexander C M. Pennington, a son of the General Pennington just named 
graduate ol Wcsl Point in i860, in tin- artillery, ami commanded a battery of horse artillery 
during the Civil War. lie distinguished himself at tin- battle of Gettysburg, for whii h i i 
vice he received a brevet of Brigadiei General Tin batter} is commonly known a Pen 

m'ngton's. I I is lineal rank at the outbreak of the Spanish War was thai of Colonel, ami 
lie was commissioned a Brigadier (.eneral. ami retired from active service in October, 1899 

The New Jersey Penningtons are descended from the Penningtons of England, win. 
trace their ancestrj back to the time ol Henrj II The ancestry in Great Britain is a long 
ami distinguished one, ami numbers in the 171I1 century a long list of knights, including 
Sir John Pennington, in the tune ol Henrj \ I. to whom he was much attached and c 1 
secret reception at Mulcaster, now Muncaster, for some time when in his flight from his 

.a es. In return, the King gave him a glass cup, to belong to the family so long . 

they should preserve il unbroken. It was called the luck of Muncaster, and the family 
still have the glass in their possession 

Sir John Pennington is also said to have been .1 skillful warrioi and fought in Scotland 
under James n. commanding the left wing oi the English army, Mis son. Sir John the 
third, was attached to James \. and had an important command at the battle ol Flodden 
Field, where .lame, was killed. 

Ilu second knight following Sir John the third was a Sir John, admiral to King 
Charles I, ami was one 01 Ins privy council, II. was betrayed bj 1 harles II and coni ed 
in ih. Tower, but died before the time set for Ins execution. Tins Sir John di tin 
himself in the wars with France and captured a considerabh Heel ol French wai 
bringing them as prizes upon his return to his eountrj 



REED lAHll-Y. 



Dr Lewis Reed, Atlantic City's first physiciat ved here from Milville in 1857 He 

was the oldi 1 ' a family of twelve children. His father. David Reed, w; I 

well-known South Jersey family. Me was a tailot bj trade and a hotel keeper by OCCUpa 
tion II. died before he was fifty and his widow, Lodemia Reed married .1 man ol th. 
name of I '.ai nes. The children, three of whom are -till living, wen I ewi David, Samuel, 
George, Charles, William. Joseph fames, Thomas S Henry. Eliza Miller, and tw. 
died young. 

Lewis, born November to, 1806, married Susanna Stanger, a woman of German p 
age, born in 1810. For some years he followed tin tradi ol his father, thai ol a tailor latei 
studying medicine and giving Ins profession Ins exclusive attention. They had a family ..1 
nine children, all born in Millville, where one of them, Franci Lee, still lives. The; 
2, Caroline Duffy, I. [828; 3, Francis I... I. [830: |. Edward Si.nu. I. [833; 5, I. 




DR. LEWIS REED. 



REED FAMILY 123 

1836 6 ["nomas Kenible, b [839; George, b [842; 8, Joseph Gaskill, b [846; 9, Mary H., b. 
1848; and 1 i, Ella b (853; d 1864 

By the mere ini idi nt, while gunning in the woods about Weymouth, ol connei ting with 

1 train to Vtlantii 1 ity, I adi hi in 1 '.1 il to thi re orl when tin population wa too 

small to support a physician with a large family, But arra en madi by people 

whom lir met wherebj $500 .1 yeai wa ed so thai he 1 i hen to livi perma 

nently in 1857. 

He was elected Mayor tin four years following. Ill- -mi I dward who had just mar- 
ried, came with him and soon opened the first drug ton and hi on ["nomas came 1 few 
yeai later to be the econd ph) ician on theisland. F01 eli en eai Dr. Reed wa I '■ ■ 1 
and always a genial, public spirited citizen who lived unclei the admini tration oi 
everj Pn idenl of the United State ave the in 1 1 w o, dying ["in day, March _' 2, [898, al 
Ocean Grove Mrs. Reed died in 1893, ore her death the sixty-fifth anni 

versary ol their wedding wa ob ei cd bj .1 familj reunion Vli Reed wa om ol the 
well-known Stanger family Hei grandfather established the flrsl g 

She was a ister oi Mi Hosea Madden. At thi tii th he h as the oldi 1 living 

graduate ol reffei on \l> dii al 1 !< illege 

1 < aroline Duffy, b. [828 m Di Charh [illville, and had three children, 

1 I and Georgi Charles, b. [858; in. Fanny ["ompkin and had 1 - children: 

< '.-i nil 1 111 ' harle . Marj and Eli abeth, Ethel and 1 - w 1 I e\ Loui e Hutchin on ' 

1 - a jil is ician in Atlantic City, and Geoi Morris and has a drug ton in \ 1 l.m; 1. 

( ity. 

I Francis 1... pattern makei in Millville g tory, b [830; in. econd, Rebecca 

< .11 ini 1 1 a lli.\ had two children, I ''rank and I .ma (decea ed). 

t Edward Muni. b. 1833; '«• Elizabeth I Gilkej ol Philadelphia, in 1858 Thej had 
nine children: Dr. Eugene, b. March, [859; in. Lilia Sweigard; 1 harles Snmner; Delfes, 
deceased; Hortense Vlga, Ora . Di ["albert, Edward S., and Thoesda 

Edward S. Reed 1 itj 1 lerk sis yeai . from t86i to [867. Hi v - 'l I uperin 

tendent nine years and school trustei i ei i always alive to the best interests of the 

city. Hi ■.-. a i ;ful in business, found great pleasure in his homi life and erved public 

inten ts efficiently. He died December 12, 1895, after a lingering illm , aged 62 yeai 

5. Lewis Reed, b. [836, m. Phoebe Hamilton and had two children, Susie, who m., in t, 
Frank Barber; second, William Bell; and Rena, who m. Tin ana- Murphy. 

6. Thomas Kemble, b. [839; m Vnnie Hutton Thej had two children, Ralph, who 
died an infant, and Ella, who in. Walter Morris of Philadelphia. Thoma tudied medicine 
with In uncle, Dr. Thomas S. Reed, ol Philadelphia, and located in thih city with hi fathei 
as the second resident physician. He ha evei inci been om of thi active men of the town, 
identified with various interests, standing al the head ol hi profi ion and po 1 a 
fund hi wit, eloquence and cholai hip thai havi made him many friend 

7. (I'i rgi Reed b. [842; m. Alice Parker. They had five children living, having buried 
two: 1 1 ait a- Applegate, I arrii Laki ' 1 and I an a Hi 1 a Methodi 1 mini tei 
and lives at present at Absei 1 m 

8. Joseph, Ij. 1846; in. Sarah Lee. Tiny have three children, Irving, Susie A. and 
Charlotte. 

i) Mary, b [848; m. Charles K. McPherson, an internal revenue officer of Camden. 



424 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

RICHARDS FAniLY. 

Louis Richards, of Reading, Pa., in 1882. prepared for the Pennsylvania Magazine a 

sketch of tin- Richards family, from which most of the following information was obtained 
of men, who for several generations contributed so much to the development and progress 
of South Jersey. 

1 i (wen Richards, according to tradition, his wife, three son-. James, William and 
John, and daughter Elizabeth, sailed from the port of Chester. England, and landed at 
Philadelphia before 1718. The first positive trace of him is by his purchase. December 21. 
1 7 1 S . .if 300 acre- of land in Amity township, now a part of Philadelphia, from one Mouns 
Justice, a Swede. Owen Richard- i< supposed to have resided on this land till hi- death, 
which occurred after 1734. He sold one-half of the tract to hi- -.in James tor £7 (seven 
pounds), and "natural love and affection.'' Owen's second wife was Elizabeth Baker, 
whom lie mail led 111 17J7. She died in 175.?. aged about eighty years. 

The children of I >wen Richards were: 

2. James, of whom little i< known ami who probably left no descendants. 

.?. William. 

4. John, whose wile'- name was Sarah, and their children Edward and Susanna. He 
probably moved to Virginia and perpetuated the family name there. 

,?. William was born in Wale-, had grown to manhood when he came with his father 
to this country, was at one time possessed of considerable property, but died in poverty. 
Tie was a peace officer of the king in the province for a time. He died in 1752. His will 
mentions all his children and disposes of property in the sum of £207. 7s. iod.. and is on 
file in Philadelphia. His daughters. Ruth and Sarah, received £5 each; his son Owen, and 
daughter- Mary Ball and Margaret, five shilling- each, and In- -on lames. £10 and a mare. 
the rest going to William after his mother's decease upon his becoming of age. 

5_ Mary married John Ball, of Berks County. Their son, Joseph Ball, became a 
wealthy merchant. In his early manhood he became manager for the owner. Col. John 
Co . of the Bat-to iron works, where shot and shell were cast for the Continental service. 
He wa- an ardent patriot and was a loser financially in aiding Robert Morris to restore 
the public credit. He died iii 17JO. aged 73 years, leaving a widow, Sarah, but no children. 

6. ( 'wen left little trace. His name appears as a soldier of the Revolution. 

7. James. 

8. Ruth. m. Daniel Kunsman. 
9 William. 

10. Margaret, m. Cornelius Dewees. 

11. Sarah, 111. James Hastings and lived in Virginia. 

7. J line-, b. about 1722, wa- all his life a farmer. He served as Sergeant in Capt. 
Tudor'- company. 4th Pennsylvania Continental line, enlisting May 10. 1777. He was a 
man of immense frame and great physical strength and had many lively episodes of conflict 
and adventure. He died in 1804. aged eighty odd years. His wife's name was Mary and 
bis children were William Frederick. Elizabeth. James ( )wen, Mary. Sarah. Hannah and 
John. Willis ... the eldest, was born January 27, 1754. John Richards, the youngest, in., 
first, l8ir, Rebecca Ludwig, who d. in 1840. second. Louisa Silvers, 1841. who d. January 
26, 1880. There were seven children. He moved to Batsto, Burlington County, in [808 
and -i" ,; t fort) years of his life in iron manufacturing at Weymouth and Gloucester fur- 
taci In [836-7 he was a member of the Legislature from Burlington County. He con- 
tinned in the iron business at Mauch Chunk. Pa., [848 to 1854. when he returned, dying 
November 29, [871, aged 88 years. 

g V illiani was b. September 12, 1738. He learned the occupation of a founder He 
married Mary Patrick in 17(14. Vbout [768 he came to Batsto, where he worked for a 
time. August 1.;. 17711. he joined the Revolutionary force-, hi- family living at Valley 
Forge, where lu wa- ill camp with the army thai memorable winter oi 1 777-8. 



RICH \RI)S F Wl MA 42o 

In [781 he became resident manager for Col. ('us. of the Batsto iron works, su I 

ing his nephew, Joseph Ball, [n [784 he became sole owner oi the work-, purchased 
thousands of acres and acquired a princely fortune. He was of gigantic mould and great 
physical strength. By his first wife, Mary Patrick, he had eleven children, seven sons and 
lour daughters. By his second wife, Margaret Wood, whom he 111. in 170(1. he had eight 
children, seven sons and one daughter In 1809 lie relinquished In- Batsto estate to In- -on. 
.les-,. and moved to Ml. Holly, where he pa-cd the la-t year- of In- life. He died August 

23, !*-',. 

The children of William and Mary Patrick were: 
u. Abigail, b. June 1. 17(15; d. May 14. 1704. 
i.v John. b. June i. 17(17: d. November .50. 170.; 

14. Samuel, b. at \ alley Forge, May 8, 17(11 Extensive iron manufacturer in New 
Jersey and merchant in Philadelphia. He m., first, Mary M . Smith, in 1707 She died in 
I.Xjo, and he m. Anna M. Witherspoon, of New Yorl lie was the lather oi eleven children. 
Two oi these were Sarah Ball, widow oi the late Steven ( olwell, and Thonia- S.. also an 

extensive iron manufacturer. IK' was the owner oi the Atsion and Weymouth Iron Work-. 
comprising about 75.00(1 acre- each. lie took great pride in the \t-1011 property, building 
there a lar^e dwelling, where he -pent the summer for many years. He had a large tract 
of land under cultivation and was a prominent business man in Philadelphia tor a long time. 
residing on \oh above Ninth street. Samuel Richard- d January 4. [842. 

15. Elizabeth, b. August 26, 1771. She m. Rev. Thos. Haskins, oi Maryland, 
id. Rebecca, b. August 7. 177.V. m, John Sevier, 01 renin 

17 William, b. July 1. 1775. d December 21, 170' 

[8 Joseph, h. October 6, 1777; d. March _•(>. 1707. 

ii). Thomas, b. February 10. [780. lie was a merchant in Philadelphia and iron manu- 
facturer at Jackson, in Camden County. In 1*10 he m. Ann Uartrani. by whom he had nine 
children lie died October 17. [860, the da} fixed for hi- golden wedding and the marriage 
oi In- daughter. 

jo Jessie. 

21. Charles, b. August 9, 17N5: d. May II. [788, 

22. Anna \ I . b. kehruaiw S, [789; m. John White, oi Delaware. 1S10; d. May J. 1S10. 
The children of William and Margaret W I 

23. Benjamin Wood. I>. November u. 17(17: d. July 12. 1851. 
_'l (hail.-, Henry, b. April o. 1799; d. April, [802. 

George Washington, b. Maj '.. i8oij d. June. [802 

26. Augustus Henry, b. May 5. [803; m. Rebecca, daughter of Hon John McLean, of 
Ohio; d [839 

27. William, b. January 10. iS'05; m. [831, Constantia tfarii Laman and had five 
children; d. April 10 [864 

28. George Washington, b. May .^. 1S07. Merchant and manul Philadelphia; 

prominent in railroad- and insurance lie m. Mary Lee Guen ami had eight children. ,1 
April 21. 1.S74. 

jo Joseph Kail. b. November 9, [811; d. January 30, [812. 

30. Mary Wood, b. March 6, [815: d September 10. t& 

20. Jesse was 1). at Valley Forge, I (ecember J. 17SJ. He succeeded In- father at B 
In [829 he rebuilt the works, and in 1X4(1 the iron furnace having been abandoned he es- 
tablished extensive .Mass works. These he conducted successfully until hi- death, line ,-, 
1X54. His estate then comprised sixty five thousand acre-. Tin- estate i- now owned by 
Joseph Wharton, of Philadelphia. 

Jesse Richard- wa- a member of 'he New Jersej Assembly in [837-8-9. He in. Sarah 
Ennals, daughter of k< -. Thomas Haskins by In- first wife. Mr. Haskin 1 viouslj 

married Elizabeth, a sister oi Jesse Richards. 







SAVUEL B. RICHARDS. 



RI< HARDS F \.\IIJA 427 

23. Benjamin Wood Richards was b. at Bal to o i bei [2, 1797 He graduated at 

Princeton in [815, and studied for the ministry, but his dclicati health ipelled him to 

' ' 1 tensivel: Hi I. ngaged n antile pui n Philadi Iphia wa elected to 

Council and to the Legislature, and wa a great pro t< public -''I I- He su led 

George I Dall a Mayor ol Philadelphia I Foi further information, si ■ 
\ son, Benjamin Wood Richards, lives in Hammonton 

"1 Thomas Richard . b Februarj 10. 1780; d October 1;. [860; m, Anna Bartram, 

om In had nine 1 hildren. 
-'4. William B., who died about [874. 

25. Elizabeth B., w ho dii '1 j1m.ui 1865. 

26. Samuel, b. August 15. 1818; m. Elizabeth M. Ellison; d Februarj 21, [89 ["he; 

had two children, Tho .1 .. b. April 25, [853; m. Lydia E. S. Winn and lu. 1 children, 

and Samuel Bartram, whom. Mar) Dorranci I van md ha 1 two children. 

27. Anna I!.. 111. Benjamin J < rew, deceased. 

28. Ri becca B., m. Rev. Thos. E. Souper, decca ei 
:g I in una , Jr., m I 'eborah M K imbi 1 

10 Rebecca R. S. m. Waltei Newbold and had two children, Ann; ,vho m 

J. Remson Bishop, and Elizabeth R., who m. Samuel M. Fo> 

20. Jesse Richards m. Sarah Ennals, daughter of Rev. Thos Haskin and h 
children, three on; and '1 laughti I he soi 

32. Thos M . oldest ;on ol Ji se Richards, after graduating al Princeton, a i ted hi 

fathei in the 1 ;tensive busi Bal to. He was one oi the 1 upright and honorable 

men that ever lived and was universal!) loved and n pected Previou fo hi fathei death 
: shown a fondness foi publii life, and ei ed a a membei ol tin \ embly from 
Burlington Count) m 1X41-4.5. and w.-^ State senatoi in [84; 1,9 Hi tool an acti - in 
teresl in township and county affairs and seemed by naturi ■■ ' uited foi publii life Bui 
in the last Few years of In- father's life, and aftei his death, as one ol tin e 1 - utoi . he was 
obliged to di oti hi vholi time and attention to the affairs of the estate. Hi 
might bi called .1 business man. never having received a strictly business training 

ded .11 thai time, in adjusting the varied and extensive affairs ol the estate. Though 
advised by his counsel, Mr. John I. Stratton, to take the time, eighteen month . which the 
law allows before making payments, he decided to pa) all debl i the) matured, 

and this eventually caused trouble and embarrassment. I lis agenl in New York robbed 
him in the extent of many thousand dollars and caused him great di appointment. He 
dii 'I aboul 1870, 

33- Jesse, Jr., never married Deceased. 

34. Elizabeth, who m. Judge Bicknell, of Ind 

35. Anna Maria, m. Lachlan Mcintosh, a Confei 
fur a time at Bal to Deceased 

36. Sarah Ann, never mai ried Di 

[4 Samuel Richards, b. May 8, i;'>t. d. January 4. 1X4.'. For hi econd wife m. Anna 
M. Witherspcxon and was the father of three children, Sarah Ball, who m, Steven Colwell; 
Elizabeth R.. who m. W. Dwight Bell, and Thomas S., who 111. Hannah, daughter Gi 
James Nil hoi 

Stephen Colwell and Sarah Ball had three children, Richard, Edward and I harli R 

Richard Colwell m. his cousin Annie, daughter of William Richards, of Atsion, and 
il, aboul 1X7.5. He was a young man ol extraordinary ability and was the manager of the 
Weymouth estate at the time of his death. 

Edward Colwell was an officer in the army and was thrown from his horse and 
in the grand review of the troop- at Washington at the close of the war. May. [865 He 
never married. 

Charles R Colwell, the only surviving grandchild of Samuel I 
oi the three sons of Stephen Colwell. m. Laura Retz and li : on the 

Weymouth 1 



428 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

SCULL FAMILY. 

As early ;i> September 10, [685, the Scull family was represented in this country, when 
John and Nicholas Scull, descendants of Sir John Scull. Knight of Brecknock, England, 
emigrated to America. They sailed from Bristol, England, on the ship "Bristol Merchant," 
John Stephens, commander. 

In 1706. Edward Scull, their relative, came to America, settling west of the Allegheny 
Mountains, where are still residing many of his descendants in western Pennsylvania and 
Ohio. 

I. John Scull, baptized October 15. i(i<«>. came to New Jersej in [694, with his wife, 
Mary. He was known as a whaleman, whales being so plenty at that time as to make the 
business very profitable, lie acquired a large tract of land mi the Great Egg Harbor 
river, and bought of Thos Budd, in [695, "-'50 acres of land lying on Great Egg Harbor 
river and Patconk creek, with the privilege of cutting cedar ami coininonidge for cattle on 
ye reaches and swamps as laid out by Thos. Budd for commons." The first religious meet- 
ing (Friend's Society) in this section was held at John Scull's house, lie died in 1745. 
1 lis children were: 

j. John, stolen when a child by the Indians and never recovered. 3. Abel. 4 Peter. 
5. Daniel. Collector of Egg Harbor township, Gloucester County, 175.1. 6. Benjamin. 7. 
Margaret, in. Robert Smith. 8. Caroline, m. Amos Ireland, 9. Mary. 10. Rachel, m. 
James Edwards. 11. John Recompense, m. Phoebe Dennis. 12. Isaiah, m . had one daugh- 
ter, Abigail, ij. Gideon, b. 17J2: d. 177(1: 111. Judith Belange. 14. David, d. January 10. 
[741-2. Infant, died unnamed. 

II. John Recompense Scull m. Phoebe Dennis. He lived to he of great age and was 
a noted hunter. A scrip Males he was paid in 1740 one pound for a wolf's head. Chil 
dren were: 

is. Israel, lost at sea. 1(1. Sarah. 111. David Scull; second. Gywnne. 17. John R.. 111. 

Sarah Somers. 18. Phoebe, m. Nicholas Somers. id. Sophia, m., first, Johnson; 

second, Gregory, jo. Mary. m. Joseph Cooper 21. Abigail, in. John Somers 

Ko-.anna, 111. Samuel Somers. 23. Rachel. 111, John Chatlin. .'4. Elizabeth, m. Robert 
Risiey. 

1,!. Gideon Scull, b. 17_ , _ > ; 111. Judith Belange, in 1750. She was the granddaughtei 
Ires Belange and Christiana De la Plaine, French Huguenots of Poiton, France and 
daughter of James Belange, Si \ record states that in 175.; Gideon was paid £1 10- [01 
two panther heads. Both Gideon and his wife died in 177(1. of smallpox, contracted .11 
Salem Quarterly Conference. Their children were: 

25. Paul. 26. Mary. m. David Bassett. -'7. James, b. October _\ 1751: d. August 25, 
[812; in, Susannah Leeds. 1774. 28. Daniel 20. Gideon, b. ir ; " '' 1825; 111. Sarah J. 
James. 30. Hannah, m. David Davis. 31, Judith, m. Daniel Offley. 32. Ruth. m. Samuel 
Reeve .;.; Rachel, m. Samuel Bolton. .^4. Mark. in. Mary P.row.iing 35 Margorie, m. 

i ' 11'. i Leeds. 4th 

17. John R, Scull m. Sarah Somers. daughter of James Somers. the miller ol Bar 
g; intown They had: 

36 Sarah \nn. m. Thomas Ireland. .57. Wesley, m. . 38. Somers. m., first, — 

Williamson: second, Mary 1). Dunlin. 39. Julia Ann. m. Peter Steelman. 40. Rachel, m. 
Lucas Lake 41. Martha. 42. Phoebe. 111. Jesse Lake. 

22. James Scull, b October 2. 1751: 111. Susannah Leeds, daughter of Daniel Leeds and 
Susannah Steelman. Idle ceremony performed according to the Friends' custom. May. 
1774. They had: 

4,}. Daniel, b. June .;. 1775: m. Jemima Steelman. 44. Gideon, b. October 30, 1777 m 

Mice Higbee. 45. Dorcas, b October 7. [780; m., lirst. Samuel Ireland: second. Jonas 
I.e. ds. 46. Paul. b. April J. [783; m. Sarah Steelman. 47. James, b. March 25, [7? 



SCULL FAMILY 129 

first, Lorinia Steelman; second, — Smith. >8. Susannah, b. January 25, [789; 111 John 
Steelman 49. Hannah, b. June 20, 17')-': m, Edward Leeds, 50 Joab. b. March 2, [796; 
in Ann Stackhouse. 

29 Gideon Scull, I). 1 750 : m. Sarah J James, who was a recommended mini tei of thi 
Societ) "t Friends, Gideon sold his share of the pain m mi ml estate to his brothei Mark and 
rei ed i" Salem County, Lockheartstown. This was the Swedish name foi .1 placi on 
Old Man's creel . where Gideon was a merchant. This pi an- was called Sculltown for more 
than ''" years, the name being changed to Auburn. Gideon and wife were members of 
Pilesgrove vlonthh VIeeting. lie- died 111 1825, aged <«> years. His children were Abigail, 
died young: Abigail second, died 1X07. in Philadelphia, of old age. James, died al sea, 1820. 
Jonathan. Ofl'ley. Hannah. 111. William Carpenter, Salem County. Sarah. David, I) 1799; 
in., first. I.yilia Lippincott; sen, ml. Hannah I). Win,. I, Paul, Gideon. 

1: Daniel Scull, b. June 3. 1775: m. Jemima Steelman, daughter ..1" Daniel ami Cath 
1 mm Steelman The) had : 51 Judith. 52. Rebei • a 

II Gideon Scull, b. October 30, 1777: m. Alice' Higbee, probablj daughtei of John 
Higbee and Vlice Andrews. They had: 53. Mary. in. Samuel Ireland. 54. Josiah. 53. 
James. 5(1, Mark. 57. hanid. m I. rah Somers. 58. Samuel 19 I djsmrd 60 Mice, m 
Samui 1 I h mghty. 

l< Paul Scull. I>. April _>. 1783; 111. Sarah Steelman, daughter of Zephaniah Steelman 
and Rebecca Ireland. They had: 61. Anna Maria, b. March 12, 1809; d Februarj [6, [894; m 
Benjamin Turner, son oi Petei furner and Mar) Leed 62 Zephaniah, b. December in. 
1810; d. Uigust 25, 1887: in. Mary Leeds 63 Jam, 5, b. October ,i. [813; d. January 4. [872; 
m. Amelia Smith 'i| John, b November .i. 1815: d. January 17. 1894; m. Mary Leed 
daughtei "i ' ornetia and Ann Dutch Leeds 65 Lewis \\\. 1>. May 2, [819; in . first, I' thei 
Smith. August 22, 1846; in. second, Mary II £ ■ Higbee, daughtei ol fonathan and Abi- 
gail Bowen Sooy, August [6, 1862 66 Lardner, b Via) 1;. [822; d. Februarj 1. [897; m 
Josephine Leeds. 67 Dorca . 1' December ro. 1824: d. June 17. [867: m. Thoma Bo ■ 
son 'if Josiah and Esther Leeds Bowen. 

47 James Scull, b March 25, [786: m , first. Lo ;hter "i Daniel and 

Cathi ■ Steelman The) had: 68 Abigail fig William. 70 Gideon 

|S Sn annah Scull, b. January 25, 1789; in in 1. John Sti 1 Iman, »on of Absalom Steel 
man. They had: Sarah, lane . John, Hannah and Angelina 

50. Joab Scull, b. March 2, [796; m, Vnn Stai I hou e, of ( amden, X. J. They had: 71 
\iiim 72 I nniia 7.; William S 71 Marj Jane 75. Caroline. 

62. Zephaniah Scull, b. December 10. 1810; m Mar) Leed . daughter of Stacy Leed 

ami Mar) J.e I .-,„, The) had: 76 Ri I b lum 14 1836; d Jum \ [8 9 ,, Susan 

11.1I1 78. Ebei 

6 . James Scull, b. 1 Ictober 3. 1813: m Amelia Smith, daughter ol Sti 1 1m m Smith ami 
\im Bowen They hid- 79. Helena, b. Novembei 20, [844; in. Harry Vansant, 80 Elij 
abeth, b October jj. [846; m 1 harles G. Steelman. 81. Henrietta, b March id. [849; m 
John Townsend 82 Mberl C, b September 22, 1855: m. I lla 1 1 

64. John Scull, b. Novembei :. [815; m. Mary Leeds, daughter of Cornelius and Ann 
Dutch Leeds liny had: 83. Morris T., b. February 21, 1848; m. Sarah Campbell. Si 
Anna M., b. March 11. 1X54: d. April n. 1885; ui. Silas Higbee. 

65. Lewis \\ . Scull, b June 2, [819; m.. first, Esther Smith, daughter "i Steelman and 
Ann Bowen Smith. The) had: 85 Henry S.. Ii June 4. r S 4 7 ; 111. Mary A. Brum 1 I li tobi 
2, [868 The) had Florenci E . Lewi Bruner, Mac I-;. Harr) DeMar, Nan B Frai 1 
Emily C. Charles Landell, ami Helene M. 86. Ella M.. b. January 7. 1851 : d. March 1. 1X70 

<><> Lardner Scull, b. May 15, 1822: in Josephine Leeds, daughtei ol h 1 I eeds and 
Ann Bower Steclmar October u. 1852. They had: 87. Wna M.. b. March 9, 1853. 88. 
Thomas B., b. July 22, 1X5,;. 89. Bertha, b. September 13, 1857; m. Gilberl Smith wo 
I ie. b November 26. 1861. 01 Sallie, b. Februar) 1. 1864: in. Jonas Higbee. 

3. Abel Scull was the lather of Joseph Scull, b. 1731. who at one time wa one ol lie 




LEWIS W. SCULL. 



SCULL r WIII.N . 431 

Area! i men in South Jersey, [n taking up arms again I Greal [Britain in the Revolu- 

tionarj wai foseph converted hi pei on.nl property inl I tal m y, which was 

ncvei redeemed, and the wai lefl him In Mr I mi hi I I Wa hingtoi ideel fo eph 

Scull for pr tion in tin following word He i a young man, bin a hravi soldii i and 

di erves | notion Mr ma I Sarah , Hi will tain tin following iti in I 

, , and devisi unto mj wife, Sarah, mj negro boy, and after tin death of mj v, Sarah, 

I do .1,, I,, ill., i ih, aid ro bo) i" et free." Hi dii d Si i - i |0 1810 I ti had: 92. 

ilbel, b. June 3, 1760, who m. Mice Collins, 93, E h 94 Mary, m English g 

Naomi, b, ^pril 20, 1763; m Nicholai Frambi d Fcbruar; r, 1816 96 Rachel m 
Higbei 9; \l. a, m Price 

g ■ \ 1,, 1 Si nil. b funi ■; 1760; m Vlici I ollin daughti r of Di Rii hard 1 oil 

in 1 1, nli hi physicii I"' ' ' tj riiej had: 98. Joseph, b Januarj ■ 1790 

d, May [6, 1853; m Sus: ah Blackmail gg Richard, hi Elizabeth Hickman ioo \.n 

drew, member of Home Guard 1812; d aged 94; 11 Eui II; ccond, Mary 

1, ill, ml [01 r h. 111 Ann Hickman 102. Mary, m., first, \ndrevt Blackmail; ccond, 

Daniel English; third, Clayton Leed 103. Sarah, m., fii t, Capl Robii I, 

David Smith. 104 Elizabeth, m John Brodericl 10 Nancj in., first, Georgi Hickman 
1 II ) S nil . ilm d, \\ illiam Smith, 

98, Joseph Scull, li I. urn. in i, i7go 'I 1 i; i(i il 1 I" ' ol tin Home 

Guards in the war ol [812. He was an) ycai ,1 In 1 the Peaci and a proi nl 

and well n spei ted man in loi al affaii I [1 m Susannah Blai I man and tl hildn n vert 

106 \.lice, m. Stacy Powell. 107. Andrew, m Rhuhama Champion 108 Vbcl m Sylvia 

Ann Champion. 109. Joseph, b Uigusl 12 [826 m Hannah ( ird no Susi ah, m 

I noi li 1 1 > ; 1 1 1 1 1 > 1 Sarah, 'I in infani j 

99 Richard Si till m I li: abi tli Hicl man I hi ) had 1 1 • Philip, in Lydia Hid man 

1 1,', \nn, in Bi 1 th Edward 1 1 1 Mary, in \\ illiam fol I lizabi th, in < liu 

\ andi wati 1 1 16 George, m. 1 inderella Slum. 117 Hannah, m II , Smith 1 18 1 11 

garet, m II .1 Winnei 119 Vlicc, m. Brazier Wi tcotl 120 Richard m Eunici 

Engli li [21. Caroline, m. Alpheus Barretl 122 rhomn Edward 123 Vbcl .1. twins, 
\1„1 I in 1 1. inn .li \iin Steelman 

ioo Andrew Scull m., first, Eunice Scull, daughl Encfch cull They had Samuel, 

d. in Key West, Sarah, in, Jonathan Doughtj Rii hard d a babe 

Vndn v '» till m., ei ond fai GifFord Phej had: 124 Rii hard b tug 

[826. 125, Robert, b. August, 1829 killed in battl Cold Harbor, Civil War, lum 

[864; in. \iin Stevi n 1 ■'• I nni. e, b 1832 111 Bi njamin Hicl man 1 1; I lizabi th b 

in fohn Willil 128 Margaret, b 1836; 111. John Did 19. Ann, b. Septembei 

13, 1838; in. Nichols Hickman. [30. Andrew, b Vpril • ,. 184 Maria Barreti 131 

Mary, b Vugust n 1842; m !• c Barretl 13 [ittii b 1 1 1 in fohn J Gan 

ner, January [,1873. 133. Rejoice, b I [846 in Cln Lei Barretl 134 ilio b lum 

^5. [8 io ni I li I homp .in ' lifford. 

mi. Enoi li Scull in. Ann 1 1 ii I iii.in I In \ had : 13 I I a in I larah 'I 1 1 ' 

I..I111 in Bi nl, ill I'll.. 1 ;, M.,i 1 .1 | .■ 1 ;. Lydi.'l "i [c . I .n-li li 1 (9 Jl 

111. Charlotte Remim [40 Wall ' iu an foslyn n Enoi h, in Elizabi th 

1 [2. III/. 1 1 1.; Philip i|| Mai 

Vndrew Scull in. Rhuhama Champion fhcj had 14 Eli abelh in 

y Dennis. 1 \6. Susan, m. William I \ Elmei [48 ylvia m Rii I I Ri 

1 1. 1 M.i rili. 1. in 1:. in Lei 1 .11 foseph, m. Mary S laughter o h 

/ [08. Abel Scull ni. Sylvia < hampion I'licj had: 151. Abel 1 12 Martin Van B 

109 foseph Scull, li. August 22, [826; in. Hannah Gifford. The) had 

; Elizabeth, m. George v\ Smith 1 1 fulietti d [879 135, Martin Van Bn Floi 

• .1. , S 1 1 1, 1 mil . 1 ,11 1 in tewari 1 1 ihinn 15; fo iah 1 1. 158. Si u 

159, James GifFord. [60. Harriel Somcr ,111 Harrj B Leed 




HON. JOSEPH SCULL. 



S( iMERS F \\l\\.\ 433 

125. Robert Scull, b. August, [829; in. Ann Stevens The) had: [61. Samuel, in. 
Annie Lloyd 

130. Andrew Scull, b. April 25, [840; in. Maria Barrett. Tiny had: [62 .Ian I-. ■"■ 
Job Gifford. 163. Elizabeth, m Eugene Alden [64 Hannah, in. Smith Collins. 165. 
Ann, in. Wesley Somers. 166. Sarah, m. Henry Sooy. 167. James. [68. Cornelia. 

120. Richard Scull in. Eunice English. Thej had: [69. Thomas, m. Annie M Ri lej 
170. Christopher English, m. Annie Cordery. 171. Joanna. 111. William L. la. re 17.'. 
Richard. 



SOriERS FAMILY. 

The well-known Somers family for more than two hundred and fifty years has been 
1 lo elj idi nlilird with the history ol Atlantic County on land and sea. As patriotic citizens, 
soldiers in the Revolution and masters of ships they have won honorabli ni 

The original John Somers was horn in Worcester, England, in [640, and died in 1723. 
Mi in t wife died m [681, while crossing the ocean to this country, and was buried in the 
sea. His second wife, Hannah Hodgkins, b. 1667, d. 1738, came from Worcester, England 

lie was a Quaker and settled at Upper Dublin, Pa, moving soon alter to the Egg Harbor 
region. The records show that on November 30, (695, he purchased of Thomas Budd 3,000 
acn ol land for £240. He was appointed upervi 01 ol roads at the first court held at Ports- 
mouth in Cape May county, March 20, [693. His grave may still be seen in the old Somers 
burying ground in the pines near the Point where manj .a hi- descendants have been buri d 
By his second wife he had nine children: 

2. Richard, b. .March. 1693: d. November 27. 1760; m. Judith Letart, le 1712; d. 1763. 

3. James, b. July 15, [695; 111. Abigail , b. July 21. [695. 4. Samuel. 5. Job. 6. Isaac. 

7. Edmund, in. January 2, 1704, to Mary Steelman. 8. Bridget. 0. Hannah, 10. Millicent, 
b. October 7, [685; in. June id. 1704. Richard Townsend, ol Cape Maj 

2 Richard m. Judith, daughter of Sir James Retail, of Arcadia, X. S. He burned the 
brick and built at Somers Point the old Somers Mansion, which is still standing. They 
had ten children: 

11. Francis. 12. James, b. July 2, 1730. 13. John, b. October 1 1. 1727: d, August 27. 1700 
14. 1 ol. Richard, I.. November 24. 1737. 15. Edmund, b. May 20, 1745. [6. Joseph. (The 
last two were 1. -t at sea.) 17. Judith S.. b. April 5. 1743; m. — Risley. 18. Sarah S., b. 

July 21, 1729: m. Fred Steelman. 19. Elizabeth S., b. April 5. 1733; 111. Paul. 20 

Hannah, b. December 22, 1735; 111. Peter Andrews. 

12. James, b. July 2, 1739; 111. Rebecca and had eight children: 

21. James, who owned slaves and built the old mill at Bargaintown; in . first, ; 

second. Mary Scull, nee Brannen. 22. Abigail, 111. John Steelman. 2,1 Samuel. 24. Alice, 

in Peter Frambes. 25. Rebecca, m. Conover. 2(1. Hannah, in., first, John II. .lines; 

1. John Shillingsforth. 27. Aaron. 28. Sarah. 

13. John. I). October 14. 1727; d. August 27, 1799; m. for his second wife, Hannah 
Spicer Ludlam, b September 3, 1735; d. November 11, 1800. John occupied the old In hi. 
mansion at Somers Point and owned, with Col. Richard, the Point property and Pecks 
Beach, where Ocean City now stands. He was the father of ten children: 

20. John. 30. James, m., first. Lcttice Finley; second, Aner Blackman: third, Martha 
Wiley. 31. Richard, lot at sea. 32. Jesse, b. October 4, 1763; d. January 29. 1858. 33. 
Frank, lost at sea 34. Judith. 111. David Scull. 35. Rachel. 111. — Reed 3'. Elizabeth, 
m. Wescott. 37. Joseph, who died of yellow fever. 38. Abigail, m. Freeland. 

14. Col. Richard, h. 1737; d. October 22. 1794: m. Sophia Stillwell, of Cape May, 
D ber 3. 17(1!, by whom he had three children. He was a Colonel in the militia, a 
Judge of the county court, and his name appears among those of the members from his 
native county in the Provincial Congress, for the year 1775; though it would seem that he 
di 1 lot take his set. Col. Somers was an active Whig in the Revolution, and was much 

28 




JOB B. SOMERS, M.D. 



S< IMERS I • \ M 1 1 i 186 

employed, in Hie field and otherwi e, m peciall) during tin fii I 

struggle for national independence, 

,,, Constant, b [760; d 1797:1x1 Sarah Hai Capi Via) Hi wa thi fii t collectoi 

of the purl of Great I gg fiarboi Hi had a on 1 on tant vho iva killed at Kron tadt, 

Ru ia, at the age of 17, by falling into the hold of hi 1 el ugusl 19, 181 1 tanl 

daughter, Sarah, m., first, William Learning; econd, Nicln Corson, of 1 ipi 1 13 

40. Sarah, b December 31, 1772; d. [850; m Capl William Jone Keen, oi Philadelphia, 

41. Capl Richard, b. September 15. [778; 'I September 4, 1804, in the harboi ol 

1 Si ' biographical sketch.) 
jo Jami , m., first Lettio 1 inli b Febi uai 1 7, 1760 ei ond, \.ni 1 Blai 1 man, b 

March 3, 1779; d Vpril [3, [822; third, to Martha Wilej b [790 d Febru; 1874 Bj 

ill, in 1 wife hi had i> childi nd, four children, and the third, one child: 

42. Judith, b Octobei 1 • 1; 9 ; ; d Deci mber 1 . 1876 m. J 
4.?. Mary, b. July 10, 1802; d. July [9, [882; m. Richard 

44. Su an, b Oi tobi 1 25, 1791 : m, Jami 

45. Hannah, b. October 1, 179s; m. Elijah Davis, Septembei 16, 1834; d August \2 1899 
They were married by Rev. Thomas X Carroll, a Methoi P delphia. 
Dying wh< n nearly 104 yeai e to 1 huri h 

was buried in \\ Hand 1 emetery. (See biographical sketch 1 

(6. Marl b lugu I 1 [799; d, February 23, [872. 

47, Joseph, b. March 20, 1798; d. Jul) 6, [8 9 

[8 Con tantine, l>. April mi, [812; d. January 8, [891; m Marriet freland. 

19 Di ■. id B., b [807; d. 1N74; m. Eliza .Ann. daughtei 

life as a school teacher. Later on he opened .1 countr 1 1 1 ind ti g 

and surveying, in which occupation he continued throughout hi lifi Hi alwa had 

di ep inti n 1 in tow n hip affaii and the re pec) in v, In* h he ■ Id in I 

hown by the various office to which hi '.'..1 elected Bi idi acting a In tici ol thi 

Peace fi 1 eai he was l.ay Judge ol the 1 1 mi t of 1 1 Pie: 

eai . »nd erved 1 mi lei 1 thi Stati Si nati 11 - .1 launch I > 1 it 

everal yeai pn ided at thi Dei ratii County Convent Hi wa .11 bei 1 

Zioii M E. Church, and throughout his life was noted foi hi inti pirit 

50. Deborah, b. Septembei 6, 1814; d. April 24, [888; m. Wa hington Somei 

51. Arabella, b. August to, [817; d. Octobei [7, [891; m, Judge John Doughtj b 

Do luy family. ) 

52. Harriet, b. September 15. [825; in., first, Edward 1 ord ind hei I hu band 

was Simon I ,ake, Lives in ' >cei 1 

■ I b Octobei |. 1763; d. January 29, 1858; m., fii I Deborah Ludham, 1, April 

4, 1775; (1. September 18, 1835, and had eight children; m., econd, Elizabeth Baker, d. 

bi 1 r.6, 1848, ..-''i ears, ; nth ig • 

5,3. Priscilla, m. Elton Braddoi 

54. John, in. and had two children. 

55. Reuben, m. Mary Haul and had two children Reuben m Ro 
[i 1 m I (eborah Bowen. 

'■ Hannah, m., 1'ir^t. Janus S«u!l ; Second, Humphrey Scull. 
;-. William , 

58. Priscilla Ann. 
g U 1 m Mary Baker, Ij. 1X17; d. 1X76. 

60. Richard L., b Decembei i; t8og d \pnl 6, [871; m., first, H 
January g, 1807; d. December 16, 1835, \nm. Braddock, of Medford, X. J., b. 

May 1. 1813; d. May i~ , 1X97. By his fn-i wife he had two children: 

in. Deborah Jane, m. George Vndei 

62. Christopher, who wa lo I ai ea 15. 1858, from the school 

1 .it 1 api 1 od, aged 23 ■ ears. 



436 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

By his second wife he had seven children: 

63. William B., b. January, 1S39: d. August 24. 1839. 

64 Dr. Job Braddock, b. June 17, 1840; d. April 8, 1895; 111. Louisa Corson, b. 1837; d. 
1888. 

65. Richard B.. m. Harriet Tilton, and has three children, Lena, Maggie and Abbie. 

(J. b.hu \\ '., died young. 

(17. Annie, b. .March [6, [846; d. November 15. [874; in. Adolph Apella, of Philadel- 
phia, and had one child, A. Somers Kapella. 

68. Braddock, d. young. September 13. 1858. 

69. Hannah S., in. George Hayday, Jr.. and had two children, Florence and Louisa. 
59. Jesse. 111. .Mary Baker, and had ten children: 

70. Daniel Baker, lost at sea. 

71. Ann Eliza, m. Richard Adams, and had one child, Somers. 

72. William H. 

73. Priscilla Ann, m. Morgan Christopher, of Medford, N. J. 

74. Mary B., 111. William Braddock. 

75. Cornelia, m. Somers Garwood. 

76. Jesse, killed at Scranton. Pennsylvania. 

77. Melvina. m. Joseph Scull. 

78. Eldorada. 111. Steelman Turner. 

79. Theresa, m. Joseph L. Yeal. of Mays Landing. N. J. 

21. James Sinners, the "miller." 111.. first, Sarah , and had nine children; second 

wife, Mary Scull, nee Brennen. 

80. Samuel, b. November 25. 1779: d. January 4. 1855: m. Roxanna Scull. 

81. Nicholas. 111. for his second wile, Ruth Corson, nee Willits, ami had one child, 
Ruth Eliza; m.. second, Phoebe Scull and had four children: John, Charles, Abigail and 
Rachel. 

82. James, m. Susan Somers and had six children: 

83. Joseph. 

84. David. 

85. Jacob, 111. Mary Clark. 

86. Sarah, m. John R. Scull and had seven children. 
87 Richard, m. Leah Holmes. 

88. Francis, 111. Margaretta Vansant, and had seven children: James, Job, Alfred, 
Elmer, Margaret and Amanda. Amanda m. Capt. Wesley Robinson and had two children: 
Laura, m. William Middleton and Lena. m. Clifton G. Shinn. 

80. Samuel, b. November 25, 1779; d. January 4. 1855; m., December 13, 1S01, Roxanna, 
daughter of John Scull, and had eight children: 

89. Sarah, b. 1804; m. Andrew Frambes. 

90. Constant, b. 1806; m. Sarah Edwards. 

91. Washington, b. 1809; m. Deborah Somers. 

92. Mary, b. 1812; d. young. 

93. Eliza Ann. b. 1814; d. 1872; m. David B. Somers, b. June. 1807; d. April 12, 1874 

94. Mary. b. 1817: d. 1836; m. John Brock. 
0?. Can ■line. b. 1820; 111. John W. Tilton. 

96. Phoebe, b. 1824; in. Josiah Dilks and had two children: Annie, m. Albert Fleming, 
of Philadelphia, and Priscilla, m. William Braddock, of Berlin. 

91. Washington, b. 1809; d. 1871; 111. Deborah Somers and had ten children: 

97. Roxanna. m. Reuben Somers. 98. Henrietta. 99. John, lost at sea. 100. Mary, d. 
1896. 101. Harriet, m. Wesley Ireland. 102. Annie, m. John Towle, of Absecon. 103. 
Leonard. 104. Arabella, m. Leonard Melton. 105. Martha, m. Geo W. Fox. 

89. Sarah, b. 1804. m. Andrew Frambes, b. February 12, 1796, and had nine children: 
106. Roxanna, m. Jonas Higbee and had four children: Henry, Andrew, Sarah C. and 



SOMERS FAMILY. 



437 



Wilmer. 107. Nicholas, m. Amanda Ingersoll. 108. Caroline, m. Samuel Wayne. 109. 
Phoebe, m. David Preston, no. Somers, m., first, Hester Blackmail; second, Josephine 
Yates, nee Race. 1 1 1 . Howell, m. Abbie Higbee. 112. Mary, m. Wesley Leeds. 113. Eliza 
Ann, m. John Henry Tilton. 114. Sarah, m. Daniel Leech. 

95. Caroline, b. 1820: m. John W. Tilton and had five children: 

115. Daniel E., m. Ella Duff. 

116. Phoebe Alice, m. Clement J. Adams and had two children, Carleton and May 

117. Luther, m., first, Elnora Somers; second. Emily Duff, and had three children, 
Grace, Ralph and Arthur. 

118. Irene, m. Lewis tmlay, and had three children, Caroline. Horace and John. 

119. John Walker, m. Eva Webb, and has one child, Mervella. 

(14. Dr. Job Braddock Somers, 1). June 17. 1S40; d. April 8, 1895; m Louisa Corson, of 
Cape May County, b. September 2, 18.17; d. December 14. [888, and had two children: 




BIRTHPLACE OF 



SOMERS DAVIS. 



Florence, b. July 12. 1804; m. Martin V. B. Scull; and Lucien Bonaparte Corson, b. April 
8, 1871; m. Elizabeth M. Stewart, of Philadelphia, and has one child, Richard. 

Dr. Job Somers was a very successful physician ami a deeply religious man and highly 
exemplary citizen. He was one of the founders of Trinity Masonic Lodge, and later of 
Keystone Lodge, at Linwood. He was greatly beloved and respected by all who knew linn 
He was the author of several historical pamphlets and found pleasure in serving his fellow 
men and in keeping all his obligations. 

90. Constant, b. 1806; d. 1891; m., 1829, to Sarah, daughter of Daniel Edwards, and 
had ten children: 120. Samuel, died young. 

121. Maryett, b. 18,12; d. 1857; m. Samuel W. Tilton and had one son. Curtis. 

122. Daniel E., b. 1834; m. Mary E. Price and had two children: Marietta, m. Frank 
Price; and Fred. 

123. Samuel, b. 1836; m. Rachel Githens and had two children: Warren and Hubert. 
Warren, b. 1868; m. Isora Blackmail, and have five children; Helen, Samuel, Jr., Harold, b. 
[895; d. [899; Rachel, and Warren. Jr.; Hubert, b. 1X72. 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

U4 Lewis Henry, l> (839; d 1890; m Lenora C \.dams and bad two children, Mark- 
anna and Gem \ .1 

125. Susan F... m. Harrison Dubois, of Woodbury. 

[26. Israel S. b. 1844; went to California in 1866; m. and has nine children: 

127. Sarah, m. James Tilton and had six children: Mary. in. Frank Somers: John K . 
Sarah, Somers, Clarence and Ethel. 

r.28. Annie J., b (849; d. 1881; m. Jesse Steelman and moved to Kansas, where both 
died young, about [88] ". [882. 

uo. Aner B., m. James Farrish ami had four children: Annie J .. Jeanette, Curtis and 
John. 

93. Eliza Ann. b. [814; d. 1872; m. David B. Somers and had live children (For David 
B see Lay Judges I : 

[30 Aner B.. b. 1835; d 1850 

131. Mary B., b. [839; deci ised; m John Cordery, ami had two children, Emma am! 
Mae F. 

132. Joseph Henry, b. 1847: d. September 8. 1892; m. Judith S. Somers ami had seven 
children: Eliza A.. Lillian. Herbert 1... David B., Harry (.",.. Joseph Howard ami M.n\ t' 

John Somers, a brother of James, settled about three miles from Somers Point He 
died in 1823, aged 68 years. Four of his sons, Richard I.. Edmund, Lewis and Henry, 111,11 
ried and left numerous descendants that settled in this and Tape May County. Edmund, 
the last remaining son. died March. [881, in his 68th year. Many by the name of Somen 
have gone down to the sea in ships, never to return, but are resting beneath tin waves wail 
ing the dawn of the resurrection morn. 



STEELHAN FAMILY. 

I. James Steelman. 1st. was a Swede, who. before toon, had identified himself with the 
colonj of Sweden, in New ( astle, Delaware. He located land in this county in K»)| 01 >" ' 
and owned large tracts, also many head of cattle, lie was a member of the Gloria Dei. (lid 
Swedes Church, of Philadelphia, and his children, Andrew and Susannah, are also mentioned 
in the records of that church. He was married, previous to his coming to this section, to 
Susannah Toy. daughter of Christian Toy. The children of this union being: J. Andrew, 

1st. b. 1689-90; d. 1736; in. Judith . ,}. Susannah, b. 1691; 111. John Lean, November, 

1713. son of Mathias Kean and TTcnricka Classen. 4. 1 lance. 1st, will proved [760. 5. John, 
1st. b. January 7, Kkjj; will proved August 11. 1775: 111. Sarah Adams, 6. James. 2d, 111 
Katherine Lean, daughter of Nicholas Lean ami Elizabeth Lock. 7. Elias, tst. S. Mary. 

m. Blackmail, o Peter, i-t. d [762; m Gertrude . record in Old Swedes Church, 

Philadelphia. Vol. -' . p 225 

James 1st afterward m. Katherine (luster, June ,?. 17,50. He owned a considerable poi 
tion of the southwest end ol Vbsequam beach, which he bought of Thomas Budd James 
died ill 1/34. 

j Andrew Steelman. 1st. b [690; 111. Judith . Their children were: 10. Andrew, 

2d, made deeds ill [746; no children. II. Peter. ->d. b. May 1. 17-M; d. November Q, [762; 
in. Hannah Leeds, daughter of Japlmt Leeds, tst, September. 1750. t2. James. 3d; deeds 

in 1743. 13. Frederick, 1st, m. Sarah : will proved April 29, 1778. 14. Mary, d \l 13 

21, 1707; ill., first, Edmund Somers. January 2. 1 7,?4 : second. Joseph Mapes, May 6, 1 746. 15. 
Judith, 111. Collins. 10. Susannah. 

4. Hance Steelman, 1st. Had: 17. James. 18. Hance, 2d. 10. Charles, will February. 
1779; 111. Mary ami ha<l Barbara, John, Marx. David, Margaret, Gortery and Phoebe. 
20. John. 21. Daniel. 

5. John Steelman. 1st. b January 7. 1692; 111. Sarah Adams They had: _>-'. John, will 



S II- I I ..\l \\ FAMILY 439 

1796; m. Abigail S :rs, daughter of James Somers ■; reremiah 24 Zephaniah, d. 1790; 

in. Rebecca Ireland, daughtei ol Edmund Ireland. 25 Jemima 26, Katherini 
Susannah; m. Daniel Leed |d, on ol Japhet isl 28, Rebecca, m., fii it Daniel I eed |d, 
son of Japhet 1st; m., second, Robert Smith, son ol Robert Smith and I'.li/ Belangi 19 
Rachel, m Higbei 10 E ither, m Rii hard I [igbec 

i.i. Frederick Steelman, ist, d, [778; m. Sarah They had: 31. Jami :, pli, m 

Susannah, daughter ol Noah Smith 32 Frederick, 2d, d [782; m Sophia Risley. 33 An 

drew, |d, was shot on Long Island bj I < > 1 1 1 1 B; , .1 ["ory, in the wai ol the Revolution 

,^4. Sarah, m Henry Smith. .15. Abigail, m. and had a Elia 36 Judith, m reremiah 

Leed D bei 8 1776, on of John Leeds. 37. Mary, m Daniel I eed . Fanuarj .(, 1775. 

son of John Leed 38 Hannah. 39 Rachel, m Peter Steelman, son of Isaac Steelman and 
Mary Andrews. 

Frederick Steelman, his rather and several brothers served in New Jei <\ State Militia, 
wai ..1 Revolution 

11 Petei Steelman, j<1. b, May r. [723; d Novembei [9, [762 m Hannah Leeds, 
September, 1850. They had; 40 Japheth, b. January 10, 1752 41 Judith, b September 20, 
[754 i-' 1 aac, b ranuarj ; i6; m. Mary Andrew 1; Deborah, b Octobei 9, 175;; 

'I young. 11 Susannah, b Vpril u, 1762; d. March 8, [810; m. Christian Holdzkom. 

\2 Isaac Steelman, b lanuarj ,. 1. 16 m Mar} Andrew ["he) had [5 Peter, b 
Decembei 18, i,,- m, Rachel Steelman. 46. Jesse, b. September 27, 1781; d. November 3, 
1842; in Rachel Leeds, daughtei ol Jeremiah Leed 1: Hannah, b August 25, 17.S.C m. 

E peru I 1I1. hi |S Judith, b March 13, 1783; m. Enoch I vei [g Sarah, b Julj 12 

1788; m., first, Wm ^dams; econd, Geo. or Thos. Smith. 50. Isaac, b [790; m Margaret 
Leed daughtei ol Richard and Sarah Leeds. 51. Millicent, b August 30, 1792; d. [873; m., 
fir si. Isaac Ingersoll; m., econd, reremiah Leed on ol fohn I .red-,. 

22. John Steelman, will 1796; m Abigail Somers They had: 52. John, Majoi in wai 
■ a Revolution, State Troops; m Margaret Leeds daughtei of Nehemiah Leeds 53 Daniel 
in [Catherine Reed, daughter of Obadiah Reed. 54 ronathan, b December 31, [762; m, 
Sarah Corderj Thej had Elizabeth, Isaac and Jonathan 55 Ibsalom, m Sarah Sprang, 
of I. ong Island 56. Hannah. 57. Roxanna, m Felix Smith, of Absecon 58. Abigail 

59. Mary m. Nicholas Sooy, ol Leeds Point 60 Fen 1 6i Zephaniah, m Rel 

Ireland and had Esther, in Neheiniah Clark. 1800; Rebecca, in. — Davi Sarah, b Feb 
ruarj -'4. 1787; m Paul Si ull 

i" l< le Steelman, b September 27, [781; m. Rachel Leeds They had: 63. Mary, b 

Septembei [8 vlark Reed, November 6, [831 62 Parmelia, b April [3, [802 1 

Nathan Ram son, 1 il 1 ,ong Island. 

.-.'. Major John Steelman m. Margaret lard ["hej had: 64 Nehemiah, Septembei | 
[780. 65. Zephaniah, September 30, 17X3 66 Julia K\m, Septembei 9, [788; m., in t, Vb 

■ l!i ' Higbi nd, Carter. 67. Abigail, April 1, [791; m., first,. - Higbei 68 

Fona September 1. 1793; m \>m McCullough 69 Leed August 11, [796; m., first, 

Abigail Risley; nd, Ann Steelman, widpvi ol Reed Steelman 70 Phannel, b. Sep 

tembei 25, [799; m Elizabeth Mj ei 

53 Absalom Steelman m Sarah Spi ["hej had: 71. John, m. Susannah Scull, 

daughtei ol I and Susannah Scull. 72. Absalom, m. Deborah Corvode, No 

27, [820 73. Elizabeth, m \nlnn Westcoat, Thon 1 ind 1 hloi Wi tcoai 74 

Charlotti 111 fohn \\ 1 ,ti oat, brother ol \nlnn 

Kb alom Sti 1 lin.iii and Deborah 1 orvode had I '< abi th, lohn, 1 harlotte, Sarah, I .1 u 
1 .11 oline, Mi alom and Katherine. 

65. Zephaniah Steelman, b. September 30, 1785 Had: 75 John, b September 8, 1823; 
in. Ruth Wilson, Vpril 4, [846, daughter of John Wilson and Elizabeth Leeds, 76. Reuben, 
111 I ivinia Houston. 77. Ann, m. — Hardi t; 78 Margaret, m Daniel Brown 

68. Jonas Steelman, b September 1, 1793; m 'inn McCullough They had; 79 Mary, 



440 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

m. Henry Disston. So. Julia Ann, m. Thomas Morse, son of Joab Morse and Mary Ann 

Latham. 81. Beulah, m. Small. 82. Margaret. 

50. Isaac Steelman, b. 1790: m. Margaret Leeds, daughter of Richard and Sarah Leeds. 
They had: 83. Richard L.. b. 1816: m. Hannah Robinson. 84. David L., b. 1820; m. 
Rosetta English.. 85. Jesse, d. 86. Mary. b. 1823; m. Andrew Robinson. They had three 
children. Judith. Abel and Margaret. 87. Sarah, b. 1826. 

83. Richard L. Steelman, b. 1816. m. Hannah Robinson. They had: 88. Margaret, b. 
1843: m. Abner Price. 1S04. They had three children. Webster, Richard S. and Alice. 89. 
Sarah Etta, b. 1846; m. George S. Winner. 90. Isaac, b. 1852; m. Alice M., daughter of 
Constant Smith 

84. David L. Steelman. b. 1820; m. Rosetta English. They had: 01. Dr. Jesse A. 
Steelman. deceased. 02. Mary E.. deceased. 93. Anna L.. deceased. 94. Ida, decease. 1 95. 
Ella, m. H. S. Collins. 96. Rosalind. 97. James E., deceased. 98, James E.. m. Hattie 
Franibes. 99. Mary Ida. 100. Dr. Philip, m. Abbie Scull. 101. Sarah, m. Thomas Smith. 

co. Isaac Steelman. b. 1852; m. Alice M. Smith in 1877. They had seven children: 102. 
Ella, b. 1879. 103. Cora, b. 1882. 104. Constant, b. 1S87. 105. Wilbur, b. 1888. 106. Fred- 
erick, b. 1893. 107. Hannah, b. 1895. 108. Clarence, b. 1899. 



TOWNSEND FAH1LY. 

Gen. Joseph Townsend, in his early life lived at Green Bank, in Monmouth County, 
and was in command of local militia in the war of 1812. lie settled at Bridgeport, in Bur- 
lington County, soon after the war. and conducted a hotel there for many years. The build- 
ing is still standing. He raised a family of three sons: (2) Daniel; (3) Joseph, and I 11 
Paul, and lour daughters: (5) Rebecca; (6) Maria: (7) Louisa, and (8) Elizabeth. 

(2) Daniel, b. December 17. 1804: m. Jemima, daughter of Samuel Loveland and 
Jerusha Burnett, of Bridgeport. N. J., by whom there were thirteen children, eight sons 
and two daughters living till past middle age. 

Daniel Townsend settled at Leeds Point, adjoining the well-known Japhet Leeds" farm, 
on the most sightly and beautiful point along the New Jersey coast. He prospered as a sea 
captain and owner of vessels, trading from New York along the coast. All his eight sous 
became captains of vessels. 

There being scarcely any public schools in those days. Daniel Townsend. mostlj at 
his own expense, built a private school house and employed teachers to educate his children 
and those of his neighbors. Many still living can remember and bless his generosity 
He was the prime factor in building the Presbyterian Church at Leeds Point, close beside 
which is his grave. In his later years he founded and named the town of Wheatland. N. J., 
and established tile works there which promised to become immensely profitable owing to- 
the very rich and extensive clay beds, but owing to financial difficulties the enterprise cos! 
a fortune and never became profitable. Capt. Townsend was one of the promotors and 
builders of the New Jersey Southern Railroad, and but for opposition from his own friends 
and neighbors where he might least expect it this line, in all probability, would haw passed 
through Port Republic and Mays Landing and vastly changed the subsequent history ot 
Atlantic County. 

In 1854 he represented this county in the Assembly, and was one of the most progres- 
sive and useful citizens of his day. 

The children of Daniel and Jemima Townsend were: (9) Joseph Towers, b. February 
14, 1826; d. September 16, 1887. (10) E. Norris. b. November 3. 1828; d. July 31. 1894. (11) 
Samuel, lives in Texas. (12) Daniel, lives at Leeds Point. (13) William H., died in Bos- 
ton, in 1890. (14) James D., b. August 8, 1839; d. October 14, 1870. (15) Van Doren. m. 
Patience Stafford, is a captain of a steamer running between Philadelphia and New York. 



TOWNSEND FAMILY. 441 

H, ; h " ,m ' isat AshIand ' X •' <"" J«se L.I, November ,,, ,S 45 : m. Malvinia Brugler, 

- Warren County, ,s a carpenter and builder in Atlantic City. (17) Joanna, a twin sister 

Jesse, widow of the late Janus S. Robinson, lives in Atlantic City , t8) Adaline, widow 
"' I nomas Scull and R. S. Barrows, is deceased. 

(3) Joseph Towers, the oldest son, was the captain of a coasting vessel at the age of 
nineteen He and Ins father and brother, next older, each had a vessel and had a la, 
tract to bring fifty or more thousand cords of wood iron, southern points to New England 
ports for Boston and other railroads. Tins was before the general us, ol anthracite coal 
■"'•"■ ) ' """' '"- u were built at Poughkeepsie till the,,- fleet numbered eight o> nine and 
I Profitable. During the war three ol the Townsend vessels were los, in the South 

1 wo were burned and one captured and stripped. A, the close oi the wa, Capt Townsend 

Atkntk"^ °' COtt ° n l ° K " SMa " DUn " g HiS Hfetime h€ made f0Urteen trips acro "" 

„ ' '" 1 l '; i , , "' IM '"• [8 « 8 ' '"' married Eleanor, daughter of Jan.es r nes, of Forked River 
, l ' ,,Mn " were '"'"' <" them = Eliza J., 1, January 29, t8 S 2; m Capt (ohi, Lewis' 

deceased. Mordacai T R., b October 9 , x8 5 4; m. Franc's Jo, , and lives 1 in A«aTtic 

Ciy. Jantes Bead, b. June 30, 1857; ,„. Estella Boice. Lutl a Eleanor, b. September 9, 

i8 3 &, m Arthur I Butler, deceased. Joseph Towers, b November ,5. t86 I; m 
Hammell John L. Jones, 1, Septemb ,„. May Madden; d lanuarv 

Georg.e Emma. b. July 20, ,872; „,. Byron S. Eastburn, and lives in Philadelphia. 
During the last years of Ins life the health of Capt. Towers Townsend failed 
some years he did not follow the sea. On his last voyag, horn, h, wa tricken with'fever 
and died soon alter his arrival in Brooklyn. Sept, mb, r II ,1 „, vr , r „ 

. „ H,s """ l " ■*'■ J emima Townsend, was „ woman of manj sterling qualities wh, 
full possession of all her faculties till her life went out, Februarj r8, [804 at the 
of ninety-one years. 

th : r ^". the d Tv.? ntS ° f ° aniel T ° WnSend """""'" sevent y-^ght: Thirteen children; 
tnirty-six grandchildren, and twenty-nine great-grandchildren. 



1900. 



and for 



had the 
1 ipe age 




' ,() I^Ti^AR ,,, ^ 



Bic^rapbical Introduction. 

TX these hundred and more sketches of individuals and families will be found 
interesting and important facts for those who may care what the past has 
been, thereby the better to judge what the future may have in store for this 
city and county. The life work of sincere and generous souls of our earlier 
history are here referred to and a fair and concise presentation made of leading 
spirits of the present day. who have useful years and honorable careers before 
them for their fellow citizens. 




HON. CHARLES T. ABBOTT. 

Hon. Charles T. Abbott of Mays Landing, was born at Tuckahoe, December 27, [849. 
He is a son of the late John C. Abbott and a younger brother of Joseph E. P. Abbott, the 
present Prosecutor of the Pleas. 

He was educated in the public schools and studied law with his brother at Mays Landing, 
being admitted to practice June 6, 1879. His practice has been of the general nature in the 
■county courts. He was search clerk under County Clerk Lorenzo A. Down for several years. 
For eleven years he was elected Assessor of Hamilton township and elected a member of the 
county bDard of freeholders in March, 1899. In November of the same year he was elected 
to the Assembly, receiving 3,864 votes to 1.890 cast for C. Bodine Somers, Democrat, and 
.391 for Powell, the Prohibitionist. He married Miss Caroline A. Glover of Camden. 



JOSEPH E. POTTS ABBOTT. 

Joseph E. Potts Abbott. Esq., Prosecutor of the Pleas of Atlantic City, is a descendant 
of one of the old New Jersey families. His grandfather, James Abbott, was a residenl 
of Salem County, where John C. Abbott, the father, was born in 180.;. He moved to 
May's Landing about 1830, having first been employed for a time as clerk at Weymouth 
works, after which he became general manager for Dr. Schomburger, of Pittsburg, of 
bis furnaces on the Allegheny Mountains near Hollidaysburg. He married Ann G. Treen, 
of May's Landing, and had eight children: Rev. William T. Abbott, of Ocean Grove; John 
G., who was killed at Fort Wagner in 1863; Joseph E. P.. Clark W.. of May's Landing; 
Dr. Benjamin T., of Ocean City; Rebecca A. (deceased), Charles T., and Margaret T. 
The father was a civil engineer and merchant. He served fifteen years as erne of the lay 
judges of Atlantic County, was for several terms a member of the Board of Freeholders, 
and lhcd to the ripe age of eighty-nine years 

The subject of this sketch was born at May's Landing in August, 1840. He was 
educated in the pay schools of the county and taught school for three years before enter- 
ing the law office of Hon. George S. Woodhnll. of Camden, one of the Justices of the 
Supreme Court in 1861. He was admitted to practice at the November term, 1805, 
and succeeded the late William Thompson in practice at May's Landing at his death, in 
December, 18(15. lie was admitted as a counsellor at the June term. 1870. and admitted 
to practice in the U. S. Courts in 1869. 1 1 i •- law practice has covered a wide range in real 
estate and corporation cases. He was appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas for Atlantic 
County by Governor Griggs in 1898 as a testimonial to his ability and to his unswerving 
Republicanism. He occupies a beautiful home on the main street of the town wdiere he 

(443) 




HON. CHARLES T. ABBOTT. 



BIOGRAPHY. 145 

was born and is known among Ins professional brethren as the father of the Atlantic 
County Bar, being the oldest living practitioner. 

He married in 1862 Mi--- Adeline.- II Gibson, of Doylestown, Pa They have had two 
children, both deceased. He has a great liking for numismatics and minerals, and has 
been over twenty years gathering a collection: having made a specialty of American silver 
coins, he has one of the finest to be found, and Ins mineral collection of over si\ hundred 
species bad among it some oi the rarest on exhibition at the great Centennial Fair of (876. 



ALFRED ADAMS. Sr. 

Alfred Adams, Sr., of tins city, was born at Martha Furnace, in Burlington County, in 
[833. He was the son of Uriah and Rebecca Adams. His father was employed in the old 
Martha iron furnace, and the boy and his two brothers, Joseph and Jere, attended the little 
old school house in the woods till old enough to work in the paper mill at Harrisville, a few 
miles from Martha. A few years later the boy found work as a spinner in the old cotton 
factory at Pleasant Mills, where, by accident, he broke an arm. He learned the trade of a 
brick mason and plasterer, for there was prosperity in those days in that section when 
Charles K. Landis and Richard J. Byrnes were developing farms and getting New England 
people to settle in and about Hammonton. 

In 1853-54, when the first railroad was building to the seashore, Mr. Adams lived at 
Elwood, and later for a time at Mays Landing, getting work where he could. He was em- 
ployed on the railroad and came to this city in 1857 to live permanently, working at his 
trade. In 1859 he married Clara Bryant, and has been one of our best known and most in- 
dustrious citizens ever since. Many a hotel and cottage is in part, at least, the product of 
his handicraft. 



ALFRED ADAMS. Jr. 

Alfred Adams, Jr., the well-known bathing master near the foot of Virginia avenue, 
was born and has always lived on this island. He is one of the several grandsons of John 
Bryant, who was identified with the early history of this beach as a salt manufacturer and 
wrecker. Mr. Adams was educated in the public schools of this city, and by the time he was 
of age had mastered the trade of a bricklayer ami plasterer. He was enterprising and suc- 
cessful, and in summer assisted his father in the bathing business 

At the age of twenty be engaged in the bathing business on his own account, invested 
in beach front real estate, and has owned valuable property in various parts of the city. 
While a Republican in politics, he has no ambition for official honors, but makes business 
his pastime and enjoys the friendship of all who know him ( In December 26, 1883, he mar- 
ried Miss May Lindley, and has a beautiful home on Virginia avenue. 



CLEMENT .1. ADAMS. 

Clement J. Adams, the well known real estate dealer and insurance agent is a son 
of the late Enoch Adams and was born at Bakersville, N. J., in 1845. He finished his 
acedemic education at 1'ennington Seminary and thereafter graduated from a business 
college at Poughkeepsie, New York. He saw service in the war of the Rebellion, rank- 
ing as a corporal. He enlisted in Co. B. _>?th New Jersej Volunteers. September 1. 1862, 
and was mustered in September 20th. of the same year. He was mustered out June 20. 
1863. For thirteen years be taught school at English Creek. May's Landing, and else- 
where in the county, with great acceptability. 

In 1880 he came to this city and formed a partnership in the real estate and insurance 
business with his cousin, Israel G. Adams, having their first office for some years ,111 
Atlantic Avenue, near Arkansas. Since the completion of the Real Estate and Law Build- 
ing in 188S their office has occupied the best half of the first floor. 

In [882 be was married to Phoebe A. Tilton. of Bakersville, and has two very promis- 



446 1>A11A UNION IllSTOKN OK A T I. AX 11 C COL'NIA 

in t^ children, Miss Mae X and Master Carleton. Mr. Adams served tlii- city several years 
as Superintendent ol Public Schools, ami for a number ol years as President of tin- Board 
of Education. He i- one of the Trustees of Si. Paul M. E. Church, has been verj sue 
oc--sf.il iii business ami has been largely identified with improvements. 



HAROI I' I' ADAMS, 

Many beautiful ami artistic buildings, including churches ami cottages throughout At 
lantic County, stand as monuments to the skill of Harold F. Adams as an architect. Mr. 

\d.im- who lias an office in tin- Rial Estate and Law Building, is a -on of Charles E. 
Adams, ami was born in Camden County, August .;. (868. IK' was a student at the Wil- 
liam-town public schools till he moved with his parents to tins city, in 1876. lie continued 
in-, studies here, ami aftei graduating from a business college Ik- became an electrician, which 
occupation he followed lor several years. In 1892 he entered the office of the late William 
G. Hoopes as a draughtsman and architect, becoming, alter a few years, a silent partner. 

In 1807 he graduated a- an architect h.mii the Universitj of Pennsylvania, ami immediately 
afterward opened an office for himself in tin- cits. Besides numerous cottages, Mr. Adams 
prepared the plan- tor the Arnold apartment house on Pacific avenue, the Young amuse 
mcni building on the beach, St. Peter's R. C. Church at Pleasantville, ami Harrj Wootton i 
inn cottage .11 Longport, and the remodeling of the Seaside. 



ISRAEL GUTHRIE ADAMS 

Israel Guthrie Adam-, the head of the real estate and insurance til ill of 1. Ik Adams 

& Company, comes From good old Quaker stock, for several generations resident ol Vtlanti< 

County. His father, the late Israel Scull Adams, wa- the youngest of lour brothers in a 

family of seven children. Their lather wa- the late Jesse \d.11u-. oi Bakersville. The seven 
children w . 1 . 

1. Clement, who married Eli abeth, daughter of I '.unci Baker. _\ Enoch, who married 
Naomi Townsend. .; Constant, who married Sophia Morris. 4. Israel Scull, who married 
Louisa C, daughtei of the late Dr. Guthrie, Connecticut born, who lived and died in the 
South, being buried at St Augustine, Fla. 5. Abigail, who married Charles Lake. 6 Elii 
abeth, who married Pardon Ryon, Sr. 7. Margaret, who married, first, John Baker, and 
Second, Andrew Kranibc-. 

The subject of this -Ketch was born in 1S4.;. at Bakersville. He finished his education 
at Pennington Seminary, and before he was twentj one years of age was master ol .1 \e-scl 

lie followed the sea lor a number of year-, engaged in trade chiefly at West Indian and 

Mexican ports. In February, 1X05, he wa- shipwrecked of) Cape Lookout in a severe storm 
and nearly lost Ins life, llis vessel, the schooner "Spray," -truck the shoals eleven miles 

110111 shore, where no help could reach them in the high sea. From Monday till Thursday 

afternoon, t'.ipi Vdams ami In- five men were lashed to the rigging in great peril, nearly 
Ero 'ii ami starved, the waves breaking mo them. \ boat's crew from the warship ol 
Admiral Portei tiiulK look them off as the Admiral was proceeding to Washington to 
witness President Lincoln's second inauguration. 

( apt Adam- wa- 111 command of the 1. S. & 1.. C. Adams, crossing the ocean m iS<>,-, 
when a hurricane was encountered, nearly -inking the ship. 

lie quit the sea in iS8,i and opened a real estate ami insurance office in this city, at 
Arkansas ami Atlantic avenues. Ill- usual enterprise built up a profitable business, which 
has been steadily advancing ever since. Ill- cousin, Clement J. Adam-, is associated with 

him in the linn. The foresight ol his father in purchasing large tracts of sandhills and 
meadow land- down the hcaeh ha- been of vast benefit to the two -on- 



BIOGR \l'li 'i 447 

John Bal i i Vdam ;, ol < amdi n, i the onl j brothel ol I rael G Israel G, marrii d, first, 
Phocbi V. Sanders, and had five children, Florence, Amelia S., who married Dr, Waltci A 
Corson; Charli R., who graduated from Cln tei Military Academy, a civil engineer, and 
is engaged in the real e tati business in thi city; Mabel I and I rael Morton, who is a 
law tudenl in thi I fni\ ei it j ol Penn \ Ivania 

I., i in econd wifi Mi Vdam married Anna M., the youngest daughter ol Petei 

Boice. Hi ha .1 fine I le al Linw I, whili his businei offici 1 in Vtlantii 1 itj Be 

idi In- extensive real estate interests, Mi Vdams i .1 itockholdci and dircctoi in everal 

iin.MMi.il tution Hi 1 .1 directoi in tin Second National Banl< and the Safe Deposil 

.im I I mi si ( pany, President of the Atlantic City Cooling Company, Director in the State 

Mutual Building Asocial , als tin Wi 1 fei < ■ 1 antei and ritli Company, also in 

the 1 helsea [nvestmenl and Develo; :nl 1 pany, and the Chelsea Hotel and fmprovi 

ment Company; Director of the Securitj ["rust and Safi Dc] Company, of Camden, 

One of I. G. Adams' late deals was the selling of the Wi t Jersi Exci House, at 

Chelsea, to a syndicate of Philadelphia millionain foi $360,000, which now pring 

the grande 1 hotel on the Atlantii coa 1 



I siv XII, SCULL \DA.\IS 

I rael Scull Adam wa th 1 thi lati Ji 1 Vda in ol tin 1 arlj 1 ttli 1 ol 

Bakei ville, and .1 membei ol the Societj ol Friend Hi wa born in [819 and died in 
1870, in 1 In- locality where he had alwaj lived In his earlj life he followed the sea and was 
always more 01 li i interested in vessel property, He married Loui 1 I Guthrie, ol Wil 

mington, N 1 . and had two children, I rael G and I 1 1 1 1 1 B I anj yeai I rael 

Vdams was the Republican leadei ol Vtlantii 1 ountj He wa ap] ited 1 ollectoi ol 

Customs al Somei • Point by Abraham Lincoln, in [861 . reappointed by him in [86 igain 
reappointed by Pre idenl lohnson, Grant, Hayi Garfield and Arthur, dying Decembei 4, 
1884, before hi term expired, and his su wa appointed bj President Cleveland 

\i the ti 'i he death he wai a membei ol tin Republican Stat I tecutive 1 om 

null', .uhI vvas 1 candidati foi thi nomination foi Governoi He wa also named by the 
Republicans as a Presidential electoi from New Jei ey, but resigned shortlj before the 

election on : mil ol failing health, Mr. VI. nn y tin .vealthiesl men in South 

Jersej Vt one time he wa a lai I owner, but dis] I of "hi interest in that line 

at the time of his appointment a collectoi He wa a tockholder and director in the Wesl 
I' 1 ' ■. in, I Vtlantii railroad, the [Yade In uranci Company, of Camden, the Atlantii 1 itj 
Watei Worl Company, thi Chelsea Beach Land Company, the South Vtlantii Citj Land 

and Improvement 1 pany, thi Vtlantii Lumbei 1 ompany, and President ol tin Morri 

I' 1 li. iiil and 1 iuano 1 lompanj . ol Gn al E gg Harboi 



JAMES B. ADAMS, ESQ. 

James B Adams, Esq., ol the younger members of the Vtlantii ( ouni Bai who 

has established 1 If in one of tin learned profe ion He wa I" thi citj Octobei 

28, 1869, and is the onlj son bl I. C Vdams. He wa educated in the public chools 

and studied law with Samuel E. Perry, 1 1 being admitted to the bar in Juni [89; M 
had been actively identified with the Son: ol Veteran , and ha the 1 teem and confidence ol 
all who know him. 



Jl MIX BAKER ADAMS 
John Baker Adams was born al Bakei ville, August 7, 1846. He is the youngei on ol 
the late Israel S. Ad. mi He fini hed hi education al Pennington Seminary, in 1865 and 
[866, after attending the West Jersej Vcademj at Bridgeton, two yeai Hi then went with 



4i.s DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

his brother one year on board a vessel prior to taking command of a vessel himself. His 
first voyage was to Trinidad. W. L and was successful. He followed the sea for a number 
of years and has always been interested in vessel property He married Phoebe D. Baker, 
of Camden, and has two children: Clarence F. and Carrie J., all living in Camden. It was 
John B. Adams who negotiated the sale of Chelsea Heights to a syndicate comprising Ken- 
nedy Crossan, ex-Senator Charles A. Porter, Dr. Jos. J. Filbert, A. Louden Snowden, Gen. 
Wm. J. Latta, and others. The tract comprises 460 acres of meadow land adjacent to 
Chelsea, which the late Israel S. Adams purchased during his lifetime for $3,000. The price 
paid by this syndicate was $315,000. By dredging the surrounding bays and raising the 
grade of this land above the highest storm tide a large and beautiful town site will soon be 
established and millions of dollars of property created. 



LEWIS R. ADAMS. 

Lewis R. Adams is a son of Alfred Adams. Sr., one of the old-time residents of this 
city. He is a grandson of John Bryant, who was one of the first settlers of Atlantic City. 
It was his grandfather who operated the fatuous salt works that flourished here early in the 
century, and although the subject of this sketch was born as late as January 10, i860, he 
has seen many changes in his native city, and no one is more competent to detail the 
amazing progress that lias been made here during his life than he. He received a common 
school education, and at the age of fourteen apprenticed himself to the bricklaying trade 
under his father. He served the allotted tune, and at the age of nineteen, he became a con- 
tractor, entering boldly into competition with men who were twice his years. But pluck 
and ability, traits which run in his family (he being a cousin of John L. Young), aided him 
splendidly, and among his first undertakings was that of building the old Ocean House at 
Connecticut and Pacific avenues. He constructed the brick work for the Pennsylvania 
avenue school house, the hotel Luray. Osborne and I. eland. He did the mason work on 
the Real Estate and Law Building, and on Myers' Union Market. 

He was the first Building Inspector of Atlantic City, being appointed in 1887. Two 
years later he opened bath houses on the Boardwalk at the foot of New York avenue, and 
has been engaged in this business ever since, and is the owner of a valuable beach front 
property 

JAMES M. AIRMAN. 

James M Aikman, cashier of the Union National Bank, the youngest son of the Rev 
William Aikman. D. D.. was bom 111 Wilmington, Delaware, March 13, 1866. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools of Detroit, Mich., and in the private academy of Prof. West, oi 
Morristown, N. J. 

In 1884 he began Ins banking experience as runner for the Atlantic City National Bank. 
under Roberl D. Kent, cashier. He continued there until the Union National Bank was 
organized, October 11. [890 He began in the new bank as teller, and on the retirement of 
Mr. Hammer as cashier he was promoted and has filled the position with great credit to 
himself ever since. 



LEVI C. ALBFRTSON. 

Prominent among our citizens who have been identified with the growth and develop- 
ment of Atlantic City, is Levi Collins Albertson, for many years postmaster. 

He was bom at Smith's Landing, this county. December 6. 1844. the eldest of five 
•children of Jonathan Albertson and Asenath Collins, who was the granddaughter of Dr. 
Richard Collins, the first resident physician of Atlantic County. 

His youth was passed on the Albertson farm on the shore road, at Smith's Landing. 



BIOGRAPHY. 449 

where he attended the public schools. He was a student at Pennington Seminary, [863-64. 
After leaving the Seminary he volunteered in the United State- Navy and served until the 
end of the Civil War. He saw service on the U. S. Gunboat "Kansas," which was attached 
to the North Atlantic blockading squadron under Admiral David D. Porter, participating 
in the blockade of the port of Wilmington. .\ T . C, and the attacks upon and final capture ol 
Fort Fisher. 

After leaving the service he engaged in mercantile business, principally in the oyster 
trade between Virginia and New York, until [872. lie married October t, [868, Elizabeth 
Leeds, great-granddaughter of Jeremiah Leeds, the original proprietor of Absecon beach 
They had three children, viz.: Gertrude, Casper and Myra. 

Mr. Albertson served as Deputy Revenue Collector of Atlantic County for two years, 
School Trustee six years, and as City School Superintendent live years. 

In February. 1872, he was appointed Postmaster and served continuously until May, 
1886, when he resigned the office and entered the real estate firm of Gardner, Sliinn & Co. 
He was again appointed Postmaster in [890, and served four years and two months. He is 
now County Collector of Atlantic County, and has always been identified with the Repub- 
lican party. 

Mr. Albertson is a prominent member of the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, 
having been a trustee since its inception. 



GEORGE ALLEN. 



George Allen, the well-known merchant, was born near Belfast, in County Antrim, in 
the north of Ireland. December 11, 1846. He came to this country in [864 and started in 
business with his uncle, the late George Allen. Sr., at 930 Chestnut street. Philadelphia. In 
[878 he succeeded his uncle, who retired from business, and in 1891 moved to a larger store 
fitted up especially for the millinery trade at 1214 Chestnut street. He has a purchasing 
office at No. 3 Rue Bleue, Paris, where the greater portion of the goods are procured which 
he makes up for the American trade. At the corner of Pacific and Maryland avenues Mr 
Allen has a handsome summer residence, and besides lias other large property interests in 
this city. He is the largest individual stockholder in the Atlantic City National Bank, and 
a director of that institution. Since he first came to Philadelphia Mr. Allen has been a 
member of the Chambers Presbyterian Church, and for twenty years one of the trustees, 
being president of the Board. He negotiated the recent sale of the old church property at 
Broad and Sansom streets, lot 74x104, for $412,500. He is a member of the Board of Trade 
and also of the Trades' League, of Philadelphia, and a member of the Presbyterian Social 
I in. >ii Mr. Allen occupies a fine residence at 1725 Spring Garden street, lie has a wife and 
four children: Isabella. Fsther, Kathleen, and George. Jr. 



CHARLES A. BAAKE. 

Lawyer Charles A. Baake, wdio is prominent legally, fraternally and financially in Atlan- 
tic City, was born in New York City, October 31. 1863, his parents being John C. and Anna 
E. Baake. of Cassel, Germany, who removed to Egg Harbor City wdien the subject of this 
sketch was an infant, and where they have since resided. He attended the public schools 
of Egg Harbor City until fourteen years of age, when he entered the law office of August 
Stephany. since deceased. He remained with his preceptor until May 1. 1883, when he 
entered the law office of the late William Moore, at Mays Landing. 

He was admitted to the New Jersey Bar during the June term. 1885. and immediately 
began the practice of law at Egg Harbor City. lie has always been an earnest Republican, 
'29 



400 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

.mil during '86 and '87 he was Assessor of Egg Harbor City. He has also been Solicitor of 
Egg Harbor City, and of the Board of Health of that town, and is Solicitor of the Egg 
Harbor Commercial Hank, in winch institution he has quite an interest. In t88S he moved 
to Atlantic City, and while he followed his profession, he also devoted considerable of his 

tunc to financial matter-., being at different tunes an extensive owner in Chelsea, the excur 
sion house tract and other lands. 

On the 17th of October, 1889, he was married to Emilie, daughter of Petei and 
Rosinea F, Schemm. A sun and two daughters constitute his family, which is a very in 

terestuig one. Mis home is a domestic paradise, at 1410 Pacific avenue. 

He was elected a member of the Assembly from this county for the session of iSo.i. and 
looked after the interests ol his constituents with ability and candor 

He is a well known Odd Fellow, having been District Deputj Grand Master ,a At 
Iantic Countj at one tune lie is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging 

to tile Chapter and Knights Templar He is also a Red Man. and may always be found in 
the midst of those interested in the development ol the city ami c. unit \ 



in \ki.ks i'. 1; \i;t :< M :k 

Charles C. Babcock, Esq., is the son of Capt. Theodore Babcock and Miss Caroline 
Barrett, representatives ol two of the best families ,,1 Atlantic Countj He was born at 
Mays Landing. Jul) 26, 1873, and was educated in the public schools there and by private tui 

tion. At the age of fifteen he came to this city and found employment in the office of the 

Wilson Ice iV Coal Company for a time, ami held other clerical positions till September, 
[889, a lieu he registered as a student of law in the office of Hon S. I). Hoffman. 

He was admitted to the liar as an attorney at law 111 February, 1S05. and as a counsellor 
111 (898 He rapidly built up a general practice in the criminal and equity courts He was 
appointed clerk of the new District Court when Judge Robert II fngersoll took the Bench 
under the new law, but the volume ol his practice soon became so large that he had to resign 

this position. Mr Babcock possesses decided talent as a public speaker He is a ready 

writer as well as an after dinner orator and an able pleader before a jury He is a member 
ot the Bar Association ami has a bright and useful career before him. In politics he is a 
Republican. 



II \UK Y B U'llAK ACII. 
Harry Bacharach, the present Alderman of Atlantic City, was born in Philadelphia m 

[873. He is the youngest ,,1 a t.innk ol toe children ol Jacob Bacharach, who for several 
seasons had a clothing store in this city previous to locating here permanently in 1880, at 
93] Atlantic avenue. The son was educated in our public schools, making rapid advance 
incut in his studies and embarking early in business enterprises (In March I, i.Xijj. he was 
admitted as a member of the firm of Bacharach & Sons. In March of the following year a 
larger store was opened in Power Hall at Pennsylvania avenue. The firm prospered, and 
111 November, 1895, a still larger store was secured adjoining the post office, at 141O Atlantic 
avenue, and on March 14. iSoo, a still larger store was secured at the comer ol New ** ork 
avenue. This and the Towel Hall stoic arc conducted by the firm with up to date entei 
prise ami success Mdcinian Bacharach has been quite successful in various leal estate 
transactions aside from his mercantile interests. He is Nice President of the Seashore 

Hotel Company, controlling the Hotel [slesworth, of which his brother. Laac Bacharach, 

1 [Yeasuref, and Win. I'. Loudenslager, President. for years he has been an active and 

populai membei ol the Morris Guards, and has an enviable reputation for being a liberal. 
public spirited citizen. 



BI( IGK VPHY. 451 

I i E I'll BALL. 

Joseph Ball, the wealthy Quaker merchant of Philadelphia, who owned thi 
estate in 178.4, when William Richards, his uncle, went there as manager, wa a nephew ol 
or a cousin of the mother of Washington. 

Ball owned large tracts of lands in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Washing 
ton, D. ('. Dying intestate, in [820, a( the age of ;.?. his large interests were inherited by six 

uncles and six aunts, one of wl 1 was William Richards, the manai I Bat to, who 

boughl out the other heirs and bee; : the sole owner of that large property. 

In [842, when Samuel Richards, who succeeded Ins fathei .1 admini tral I the estate, 

made his last accounting of the trusl imposed upon him, there were even hundred heirs 
Owing t<> the absence oi any law by Congress to enabh an admini t rat 01 to ell lands in 

lie District ol Columbia, nothing was ever realized from the property which Hall owned 

there. The estate ha- long ince been settled, though occasional attempts have be< ide 

to revive an interesl in il by ■ verj distant relatives. 



1. Im.\\ BALLIET 



L. Dow Balliet, M D., was horn at .Milton. Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. 

II ived In earlj education in the public schools and in .1 privati academy at that place, 

On March 10. [880, he graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College oi Philadelphia 
His initial year oi practice was pent at Gloucester, N. J., ami from there he located at 
I in 1;. .I . I 'a , where thirteen years were given to an ai tive and ui 1 e ml prai tii 1 In June. 
1894, lie located ami is now following In .ho en profi ion in Vtlantii City, lie 1- a 
member of the Atlantic City Homoeopathic .Medical Club, also a member oi the American 
Institute oi II imoeopathy. 



J( iSIM'll A BARSTi »W 

Joseph A. Barstow was born on the 9th day of April, 1 s_'7. in the village oi Damaris- 

COtta, on tin- I t.ini.n 1 1 oii.i river. I. In ( ounty. Maine. 

lie was a direct lineal descendant '•! Benjamin Barstow, one of four brothers who came 
from England, all of whom were shipbuilders, lie was brought into immediate and close 

contact with the husiness of his forclathn -. and hence 1 ol hi wed in their loot tep 

He lived with his fathei, Jo eph Barstow, at the homestead which now stands anil is 

known as Belvedere Place, until he was nineteen years of age, when he started out in tie 

world for himself ill company with his school friend, John Avery. They leached Boston 

and remained then lome time and helped to rebuild "m ol Bo ion' old churches. 

In [852 they arrived in Philadelphia and there learned of the seaside resort Cape Ma) 
to which place they went, and were engaged in building and contract work there. 

The following oar. while the railroad to Atlantic City wa- being huili. Mi Barstow 
made his first visit to \ilanii. City. He traveled by -ta.ne, via May's Landing ami \h-' 
con, and thence by boat and landed when- the (lam Creek boat housi now tand He 

remained a week, long enough to realize that '1 mpletion of the railroad would make 

plenty of building for him ell and others. He found plenty of worl a a contractOl and 

builder, erecting manj houses and hotel-, viz., tin- Seaside House, Chalfonte, Shelburne 

and the Mau-n in II 

lie was elected to Council in the years 1857, '61. '62, '63, and for ten or a dozen terms 
thereafter. In the year [865 he was elected Treasurer of Atlantic City. He helped 10 
organize the first Building Association, and erved a pn ident of the same for many years. 
He was also at one time director and president of the Atlantic Lumber Company; hi erved 



452 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

several terms as a school trustee. He was an incorporator and a director of the Consumers 
Water Company, and when that company and the Atlantic City Water Company (more 
familiarly known as the Wood Company) were consolidated, he -was the president of the 
new company under the title of the "Atlantic Water Company." 

He was vice-president of the Atlantic City National Bank, and was identified with that 
institution until his death. 

He was also at the time of his death, and had been for many years prior thereto, 
president and general superintendent of the Atlantic City Gas and Water Company, a cor- 
poration to which he gave much of his individual and personal attention, and because of 
the excellent standing attained by that company was to Mr. Barstow a theme of particular 
pride. 

On February 29, 1861 at Absecon. he married Elizabeth Ann Turner, daughter of John 
Turner, of Smithville. Atlantic County. N. J. His widow and six children, Georgianna, wife 
of William Wright; Charles W.. Estelle H., Nettie M., Joseph R.. and Henry M. Barstow 
survive him. 

Mr. Barstow died after a short illness on Monday. August 15, 1898. 



WILLIAM A. BELL. 

William A. Bell is a son of E. S. Bell, and was born in Philadelphia. December 3. 1859. 
His mind was well-drilled when he entered the employ of a prominent carpet firm in the 
Quaker City. For seven years he labored diligently to acquire a thorough knowledge of 
the business and succeeded. In 1885 he came to Atlantic City, and being fully equipped to 
follow the career marked out by him. his father gave him an interest in his carpet business 
and henceforward the firm was known as E. S. Bell & Son. The house prospered beyond 
the most sanguine expectations of its founders, and in 1890 the senior Bell, satisfied with 
what he had accomplished, retired. Mr. Win. A. Bell purchasing his interest, and the busi- 
ness was continued under the name of Bell & Scott. In 1806 the firm was dissolved by 
mutual consent, and was revived under the present name of Bell & Gorman Being a public- 
spirited citizen. Mr. Bell, in 1896. was appointed by Council a member of the Board of 
Education. He is married and is an original member of the Board of Directors of the 
Real Estate and Investment Company. As a large real estate owner he is identified with 
the most progressive interests of the town, and the promoters of enterprises having fur then- 
object the expansion of the city are always eager to enlist the good offices of the man 
whose business is the best testimonial of his thrift and integrity. 



FREDERICK BERCHTOLD. 

At the head of one of the score or more of tailoring industries is Mr. Frederick Berch- 
told. He was born in Germany in 1863. Ambitious to win a fortune in the new world he 
came to America at the age of eighteen, and settled in Egg Harbor City. He applied him- 
self closely to the tailoring business and now has a profitable shop of his own. He has 
been active in local affairs, is now a Justice of the Peace, secretary of the Agricultural ami 
Horticultural Association, secretary of the Sterbe Kasse, a local death benefit society, and a 
member of Lafayette Fire Company. He has served on the finance committee of the 
Building and Loan Association for the past six years. He has a comfortable home on 
Philadelphia avenue, and a happy family. 



BI( IIIKAI'IIY. 
HENRY B( )l( I 



Henrj Boice was born in Absecon, N. J.. December 8, [829. He was the third child, 
and the oldest son of Peter Boice and Sarah Ann Chamberlain. After receiving 
education as the large land owners wen , then- children in the pay school ol thai 

lien. id, lie remained with his father until twenty-one. Hi- ever clear, shrewd mind sought 
greater opportunities than could be found in country life, and ambition led him to Phila- 
delphia, Pa. After reaching there the natural resources ,,! the waters near his home im- 
pelled his interest in the oyster business, in which business he continued until 1877 or '78, 
when he retired from active business life. 

December _>is t , 1869, he married Kate M.. daughter of Jonathan and Eunice Smith. 
They had one child, Elizabeth Clement, who survives them. In the spring of 1880 he re- 
turned to Absecon, X. J., settled near the scenes of his youth, continuing his interest in 
Atlantic City property, and sincerely enjoying the plea no of which he had been ever 
fondest, hunting and fishing. 

He was a man of tireless energy and stern integrity, honorable to all. and unassuming 
M.1.1 h [9, 1899. ten years after the death of his wife, he died pear, fully at his home in 
con, X. J., and rests beside his father near the church of which both were generous 
members. 

To his memory his daughter caused to be built ami donated to this city the "Henrj 
Boice Annex" to the Atlantic City Hospital. 



aunce- 



GEORGE A. BOURGEOIS. 

Lawyei rgi \. Bourgeois, of Atlantic City. New Jersey, was born in Ma..., 

"'"•"■ Cumberland County, on May 15. [864. After attending the public schools of his 
" : ' town, hi fini hed his education with a two years' course in the Woodstown Academy 
He graduated from the Law Department of the Universitj of Pennsylvania with the 

'''"' L '■■ l; ■• ln '888; he was admitted t.j practice in the Courts of Philadelphia 

in Jr. .,- of the same year, he read law with E. B. Learning, Esq., of Camden, X I and 
was admitted to practice a- an attorney in the New Jersey Courts in [889, and as a coun- 
selIor "' lS "-' l '" I'iou to his admission to the bar he taught school four years in New 
Jei ey, and for three years was Professor of Mathematics in Pierce Business Colli 
Philadelphia. 

Cn 1892 he came to Atlantic City and soon built up an excellent practice. He is a 
careful student and expert accountant and mathematician, and has won high rank as a 
nicmbc r of the Atlantic County Bar. 



CHARLES B. BOYER. 

Charles B. Boyer, Supervising Principal of the public schools of Atlantic City, was 
born in Hamberg, Berks County, Pa., in i860. He was educated in the public schools and 
taught school two years before he attended the Kutztown Normal School, where he grad- 
uated .11 1882. He also took a post graduate course the following year, before he resumed 
teaching at Perkasie, Bucks County, where he continued as Principal for three years. The 
four succeeding years he was principel of the schools at Newtown, Bucks County, coming to 
Atlantic City in the fall of 1890, to fill the position of principal of the High School under 
Supervising Principal W. A. Deremer. On the death of Mr. Deremer, in October, 1893 
Prof. Boyer was chosen as his successor. How ably he has dis< harged his r< iponsib'ilities' 
commanding at all times the confidence of the Board of Education and the respect and co- 
operation of the teachers and pupils needs no extensive recital lure Under his administra- 
tion the prestige of our public schools has steadily advanced 



4-">4 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Mr. Boyer has been quite successful in the building and sale of fine cottages. He now 
occupies a beautiful home in Chelsea. In 1887 he married Miss Amanda L. Benner, daugh- 
ter of a prominent builder and contractor of Perkasie. They have one child, Miss Bessie 
L. Boyer. 



THEOPHILUS HENRY BOYSEN. 

Theophilus Henry Boysen. M. D., was born January 14, 1854, at Ragersville, Tuscara- 
was County, Ohio, where his father. Dr. Otto Boysen. practiced his profession nearly seven- 
teen years. In 1867 the family moved to Buffalo. N. Y., where the son graduated from the 
medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1874. 

After two years' practice in Buffalo, the subject of this sketch moved to Egg Harbor 
City, where he has built up a splendid practice. In 1878 he was elected school trustee, and 
in 1884 Mayor, serving three terms in succession, and again in 1891, serving three years 
more. He was elected Coroner of the county in 1879, serving three years, and served two 
terms as school superintendent. In 1880 he became secretary and one of the charter mem- 
bers of the County Medical Society, with Drs. Job B. Somers, D. B. Ingersoll, Boardman 
Reed and others. He has been president of this organization and is now a permanent dele- 
gate to the State Medical Society. He is a member of the American Medical Association, 
and keeps up with the best thought in his profession. 

For years Dr. Boysen has been President of the Aurora Singing Society, the first of 
its kind organized in South Jersey. He has been secretary of the Egg Harbor B. & L. 
Association since its organization, and is one of the town's most progressive citizens. He 
is a Jeffersonian Democrat. On October 27, 1878, he married Miss Catherine, daughter of 
Abraham Kinzinger, who was one of the freedom-loving Germans who took an active part 
in the Revolution of [848. Their union has been blessed with eight children, seven of whom 
are living. 



GEORGE F. BREDER. 

George F. Breder, editor and publisher of the German Herald and Postmaster of Egg 
Harbor City, was born at Egg Harbor City. January 29, 1862. He is a son of Casper Breder, 
who came, with his parents, to Egg Harbor City in 1857. being among the very first settlers 
in that Colony. In i860 his father was married to Eliza Keller, the daughter of another 
pioneer settler, and George is the oldest of ten children. Educated at the public schools. 
George, at the age of thirteen, entered the Pilot printing office. After several years of ap- 
prenticeship, Mr. Breder worked at his trade as compositor, and being proficient in both 
the English and German languages, had no difficulty in obtaining work on metropolitan 
daily papers. In 1885 he returned to this county and was employed on the Daily Review 
in Atlantic City, and later became City Editor of this paper. In 1889 he purchased the 
Zeitgeist printing office at Egg Harbor City, and continues publishing this German weekly, 
changing the name to Deutscher Herald — German Herald. The printing establishment of 
Mr. Breder is a large one. Besides his own weekly about twenty monthly church papers for 
different congregations in New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Ohio. 
are printed there. The job department has been greatly enlarged by purchasing the entire 
Hammonton Minor-Journal plant a year after, and moving it to Egg Harbor City. 

Mr. Breder has held various public offices in his native town. He was Justice of the 
Peace for eight years, and Assessor for three years. In 1893 he was elected Coroner of 
Atlantic County on the Republican ticket. In 1898 he was appointed Postmaster, and the 
grade of the office advancing from the fourth to the third class, becoming a Presidential 
office, he was re-appointed by President McKinley and confirmed by the Senate in Decem- 
ber, 1899, for a term of four years. Mr. Breder has an interesting family of five children — 
two boys being twins 



BIOGRAPHY. 455 

BENJAMIN H. BROWN". 

Mr. Benjamin H. Brown, one of the few surviving founders of Atlantic City, was the 
son of John M. Brown and Rosanna Hartley, of Philadelphia, and was born in Philadelphia. 
December 31, [821. Soon after graduating from the University School, he engaged in the 
lumber business, and continued therein till he accumulated a handsome fortune. In 1854 
he furnished the material for the United States Hotel, on this then rather desolate shore, 
in which was celebrated with elaborate banquet the arrival of the first train on this island, 
July 1. 1854. The creditors of William Neligh, the builder of the hotel, demanded their 
money. The matter was taken into court and Hon, Tims. H. Dudley was appointed trustee 
of the property. In 1859 Mr. Brown bought in the property to protect his own interests, for 
$30,000. It then comprised the entire square between Maryland and Delaware avenues. 
from Atlantic avenue to the ocean. The following winter he built the large wing facing on 
Atlantic avenue, and furnished it elaborately and made it equal to any hotel along the coast 
at the present time. 

Two years following, Jere McKibben leased the hotel, but was not successful, so that 
the following ten years, till 1870. the house wax conducted by Messrs. Brown and Woelpper, 
who were partners in the lumber business. Excepting two years, when the property was 
leased to Messrs. Davis and Selfredge, Mr Brown conducted it himself till 1889. when he 
sold the property to John S. Davis. In 1899 the site was sold in building lots and this 
notable landmark, for the last ten years standing at Pacific and Maryland avenues, was sold 
in sections and removed. 

During his prime. Mr. Brown, as a Whig and as a Republican, took an active part in 
public affairs. He was a member of the last Whig convention, which convened in Baltimore 
in 185J. and nominated Gen. Winfield Scott for President. In 1858 he was a member of 
Council from the Eighteenth Ward, and in 1859 City Treasurer. In i860 he was a delegate- 
to the Chicago convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for President, and in 1865. 
just before President Lincoln was shot. Mr. Brown was appointed Collector of Internal 
Revenue, Fourth District of Pennsylvania. In 1868 he was again a delegate to the Chicago 
convention which nominated Gen. Grant for President, and all his life has taken a lively 
interest in public affairs. 

The subject of this sketch, who has been so closely identified with the progress of 
Atlantic City during its entire history, recalls many pleasing incidents of his life at the 
shore, and of a host of old friends and neighbors who have been associated with him in 
hotel and cottage experience as the various enterprises have been developed which made 
Atlantic City as the stranger finds it to-day. 

He still maintains a summer house on States avenue, where he has passed the pleasantest 
days of his long and useful life, having his winter residence at 944 Franklin street. Phila- 
delphia. 



JOHN LAKE BRYANT. 

Hon. John Lake Bryant, who died at his home in this city, October 8. 1883, was a 
descendant of two of the pioneer families of the county, the Lakes and the Bryants, wdiose 
genealogies appear elsewhere. He left a widow and one son, Lieut. -Col. Lewis Thompson 
Bryant, who is the only surviving male descendant of either the Bryant or Thompson 
families. The father was born at Pleasantville, but came to this island when an infant and 
passed his life here. He had very meagre opportunities for an education when a boy, 
living at South Atlantic City, where his father operate, 1 a salt works and was in charge of a 
life-saving station. By reading and study evenings, when a young man. learning the trade 
of a carpenter, he improved his education, and by unusual energy and enterprise became 
one of the foremost and most influential citizens of this city. 



45G DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

lie kept pace with every improvement and was always conspicuous in the front rank. 
IK became one of the leading contractors and builders of hotels and cottages. He built 
and owned at various times the Brighton, Traymore, Shelburne and Waverly. He became 
proprietoi ol the Ashland House, now Hotel Heckler, in 1872, and built the Waverly five 
years later. 

He was elected to Council in r.868, 1875 and 1880. serving one year each, and in [880 
was appointed a member of the Board of Health. In 1878 he was elected Mayor and made 
an excellent executive officer. He was elected to the Assembly in 1882 by a decided majority, 
and proved himself one oi the most useful and most distinguished members. He was active 
and aggressive, and at times eloquent, advocating measures and defending the interests oi 
his native city and county. 

1 lis ardent desire to benefit mankind was one of the qualities of his heart, lie was I'ice 
president of the Atlantic City Fire Company at the time of his death. October 8. [883. Had 
he lived he would have been renominated anil re-elected to tin Assembly and to higher 

honors. There never was m the history of this city a more touching testimonial oi pathetic 
grief than that paid to the memory of John L. Bryant, when his body was taken to its la-t 
resting place. Atlantic City lost an aggressive leader and devoted friend when he departed 
this hie ill the prime of his manhood. 



L1FUT.-COLONEL LEWIS T. BRYANT. 
Lewis T. Bryant was horn in Atlantic City. July 26th, 187.1. and belong- to one of its 
honored pioneer families. His father, the late lion. John L. Bryant, was one of the early 
promotors of Atlantic City, and always interested in the advancement oi the resort He 
was at one time Mayor of the city, and at various times held many public offices of trust, 
and at the time of hi- decease represented Atlantic County in the House of Assembly. 

Hie son entered the Pennsylvania Military College at Chester, and after a full course 

graduated with the degree of Civil Engineer in the year 1801. being the youngest graduate 
from that institution from the date of its organization. After leaving college and making a 
tour of Europe, he returned to Atlantic City and commenced the active control of his hotel, 
the Waverly, and under his progressive management it has been very successful and enjoys 
the patronage of a large and select list of patrons. The Waverly foi years has been one of 
the oldest and best established hotels of this resort, it having been previously conducted bj 
Lieut. -Col. Bryant's father. 

During the intervals between s Ca sons Lieut.-Colonel Bryant studied law in the office of 
Judge Allen B. Endicott, and was admitted to active practice at the Xew Jersey bar in 
February, 1898. 

I. icut. -Colonel Bryant has been Captain of the Morris Guards, Atlantic City's leading 
military and social organization, for si\ years, ami has also been prominently identified with 
other organizations. 

At the outbreak of the Spanish-American war the Morris Guards volunteered their 

services on the first call, but were not accepted. When the second call lor troops was made 

.111 volunteered and were amom; tin- first companies mustered into the United States 

service from the State oi New Jersey, Lieut Colonel Bryant then receiving his commission 
a< 1 aptain oi Company !•'. Fourth Xew Jersey Volunteer Infantry, and received his commis- 
sion as Major on March 6, 1809, while in the field. After being mustered out ol the United 

States service he was commissioned Aidc-dc-Camp. with rank ol Major, on the staff of 
Major-General W. J. Sewell, commanding the Division National Guards ol New l<Tsr\. 
and was later promoted to Paymaster on General Sewall's stall, with rank of Lieut.-Colonel, 
which position he now holds. 

In the fall of 1800. the subject of this sketch purchased the Convent property, lot 14; 
feet, fronting on the ocean, by 500 feet deep, between Ohio avenue and Park Place, and 
there expects s, „ ,11 to erect a line beach front hotel, the Waverly property having been pur- 
1 ha! ed bj th( 1 ii\ [i 11 ,1 high school site. 



BK >GR M'llY. ir, 

RI< II \RD J. BYRNES. 

Hon, Richard J. Byrnes, ol Hamn ton, wa born in Philadelphia in [830 Hi tep 

father, who e nami he beai wa an [rish gentleman in the employ of Stephen Girard foi 
man} years At the age oi ten years thi boj went to work in John Greenleal Whittiei 
abolition paper, the Pennsylvania Freeman, and later wa enl to .1 private chool to fil him 
for orders in the church. Young Byrm graduated rrom tin ( entral High School, and later 

began tin- study of law. He was employed two years in a silk importing 1 1 vhen hi 

ecured a position in thi Mechanic' Bank He was active and enterprising and ucci nil 
hi peculations. In 1K57 he first met Charles K. Landis, and later lefl the bank t" engage 

with Landis in tin- real estate ami brokerage bu im fn [858 hi came to Hai nton 

and engaged actively in selling farm and inviting ettlei to locati there, and ha been there 
evei since. 

"i foui term of five years each, he wa om ol thi I.. . Fud I ^tlantii < ounty 

He was active in organizing the first building ; n twentj even eai ago ami has 

been il president evei tnci ren yeai ago he took a leading part in organizing the People' 
Hank, ami I li erved a the president of the Board of Directoi evi the out- 

break • 1 1 the i ivil wai he helped ti > form a com pan} of cavalry, which hi real e tati inten t 

at that time prevented him from joining. No man ha 'l n to ad am i thi I" * inti i 

■ ' ol Hammonl luring thi past forty years than Hon Richard J Byrm 



JOH N i: i M \ Il'iox. 
Councilman John B Champion, of this city, was thi of ten children, and 

wa born al I ngli h l reek, May 13, 1834. His father, Enoch Champion, w; ■ many 

1 ill. n I, until and farmei then on thi banl ol thi 1 1 ei and vorl ed hai d to upporl 
a large family oi children in very humbli no ["hi mother died when thi ub 

ieel "i tin ketch was but threi years old, and thi fathei died 1 en yeai later John 
began work on a farm at $2.50 a month, having very meagn opportunitii foi 
Vftei hi wa 15 years old he worked for Richard Doughty on a farm foui yeai III then 

followed the sea four years till he wa qualified to bi in command of a vi el 11 hi 

brothei ven lost il sea were never heard from after leaving port. Ik then quil thi ea 
and becami .1 partnei ol hi old employer, Richard Doughty, in the fi h and 0} ti 
Transportation then to I amden and Philadelphia 1 m through the wood and 

wamps, ovei and} road I 1 oi partnei madi tin purch I thi bay men and got 

thi load ready, while Mr Dought} madi two trip a veel to tki cit} to market. They 
prospered and the young man soon married Lydia, his partner's only daughter. 1 
Mr. Champion built the American Hotel at Engli h Creek, id conducted it ucci full} 
for five years. He then sold it to Capt. David Lee and purcha ed of the late William Moore 
the stone hotel at Mays Landing, which he conducted succi full} foi even 1 

He moved to Atlantic City in 1X7O. purchasing the Champion Hou e and liver} tabli 
property ol I harli II. Rogers, for $10,000, at the corner oi Virginia and Atlantii avenue 
This business he conducted succi Fully for twenty year-, till 1897, when he sold it to Mi 
George Allen for $40,000. It ha inci been converted into a hand ome brick block con- 
taining a fine millinery store and flats, al a large boarding hou - 

Mr. Champion is a member of the Red Men and Ma 01 He wa 1 membet of City 
Council 1 1 1 and ha been a directoi of the fii 1 building a ociation, thi first bank. 

the in 1 gas compan} and the Con umei U itei Com] ;anization. He 

lacked but 50 votes of being elected Stair Senatoi in [886 Hi wa on thi ( itizens' Com- 
mittei that purchased thi fii 1 team fire engim For thi city, and advanced thi cash, $3,000, 
from In own pocket foi the purcha e, till Council later could reimburse him. He has 
always been 'I' ervedly popular with his fellow citizens, and has achieved m 1 by well 
directed effort, prudence and industry. Two brothers, Enoch and Jacob, and one sister, 
Mi Jane Homan, live near the old homestead in Egg Harboi township. 



158 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

J( ISEPH S. CHAMPK >N 

Joseph S. Champion, the pioneer undertaker in this city, was born at Mays Landing. 
He was the son of Samuel and Angeline Champion. His Father, who is still living, at the 
npi age of ninetj years, was the first manufacturer of sash and doors in South Jersey, and 
the only one till Disston mill was established in this city, in 1873. The father was also a 
ship-joiner, and found plenty of work on many of the several hundred vessels that wore 
launched at Mays Landing during his prime. There were six children in the Champion 
family. 

The son Followed the occupation of the father, finishing his schooling at an early age in 
the pay district -i ll 

In [870 he began business as an undertaker, and by hi- courtesy and enterprise soon 

had calls from all pari- ol the count} He soon -aw the advantage >>i locating permanently 
in the center of population and business, and opened an office in the Barstow Block in this 
city, where he remained till he moved into his present large and complete establishment. 
No 27 North Pennsylvania avenue. 

Here at his office and residence he has well stocked ware room-, and the most Complete 
of modern facilities for meeting emergencies, pleasing the most fastidious and conducting his 
business in the most approved manner. 

At Plcasautville he has recently erected a large and elaborate brick and slate receiving 
vault, and is conceded to be at the head of hii in this pari ol the Slate. 

He is a member ol the \ u C \\ .. 01 the I. ( 1. O. F.. and the Royal Arcanum. He 
has been successful in real estate transactions and -lands high in social and financial circles. 



STEPB EN C< ILWELL. 

Stephen Colwell, best known in this section lor hi- connection with the Weymouth 
Iron Works, and a- one of the original directors of the Camden & Atlantic Railroad, wa- 
born in Brooke County, W. Ya., March 25, 1800. He died at his home in Philadelphia, 
January 15. 1871. He graduated ai Jefferson College, in Pennsylvania, at the age of nine 
teen, studied law in Steubenville, t >lno. and was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty one. 
and practiced his profession seven year- in St. Clairsville, Ohio, till he moved to Pittsburg, 
in 182a 

Eight years later he came to Philadelphia, married Sarah Rail, daughter of the late 
Samuel Richard-, and succeeded his father-in-law in the management ol the iron works at 
Weymouth. X. J., and at Conshohockin, 1'a. lie wa- a charter member of the Union 
League. .1 working member of the American lion and Steel Association, a director in sev- 
eral railroads, a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania, and of Princeton Theological 
Seminary, and actively identified with several charitable and religion- organizations all his 
life. He was a man whose ability and usefulness wa- widelj recognized. He was the author 
of many pamphlets on social science, political economy, finance, pauperism, Organized 
charities and productive industries One -on. Charles R. Colwell. of Weymouth, is the 
only surviving member of the fannlv. 



ANKLIN 1' O h ik 



Franklin I'. Cook, of the Hotel Senate, was bom in Philadelphia, December .;. 1851, 

and was educated in the public schools of that city. Hi- lather, the late H. B. Cook, was ex- 
tensivelj engaged in the building business. In the spring of 1872 contractor H. B. Cook 
built the Senate House, an unpretentious boarding house of about fifty rooms on the north- 
west corner of Pacific and Rhode Island avenues. In the fall of 1S70 an addition was built 



BK iGR \l'in WJ 

to the house, and in 1891 il wa rai ed and extensively enlarged and improved, o ticccssful 
wa tin son in conducting the business which devolved upon him through the death oi hi 
father. 

During the wintei ol [897 the hotel was moved to tl an front on Rhodi I land 

avenue, and again • sten ivelj improved, making it thoroughly up to date, one of the bright 
est and most desirabli beach front hotels in Atlantic 1 itj 

In politics Mr. Cool 1 a Republican He wa elected a member of the City Council in 
[882, and three times re 1 lei ted. He wa a progn live and efficient official, having mui h to 
do with the building ol an 1 levati d boardwalk along the beach, and in making the citj more 

in fai tory to visitors. He was appointed a membei ol tin Board ol Watei 1 n nei 

in 1895, for which his business experience and tact a- a hotel keeper amply qualified him. 

He 1- one of tin' charter members ol the Neptune Fire « lompany, and « 1 of the first 

t.i advocate '1m u e oi hoi es in the fire department of tin n orl 



ENO( Mi' iRDERY. 

Enoch Cordery, of Absecon, wa tin oldi 1 ion ol the >i vi n children of the lair Vbsa 
lorn ' ordery, and was born November 1 1 . 1816, win <■ he alwaj ■ lived and where In- died on 
April 10. [891. For everal generation . tin I order) family have held an honorable place 
in the historj "i Ulantii Count) Absalom < ordery had three brothers living along the 
shore, Parker, I dmund and Daniel, and their descendant an numerou 

Absalom < orderj wa .1 blacksmith and wheelwright, ami a man ol acknowledged 
worth. IK- represented In- county m the State Senati two term in the early forties, and 
when he left home, his son Enoch was left in charge of the business and cond 
creditably, The children ol Absalom Cordery and Elizabeth ' hamberlain were: 

ln., ( h, William (' . Daniel Edwards, Sarah, who married Thomas (dark; Annie E . who 
married Job G. Babcock; Caddie, wife ol Jami Ryon, ami Maria, wife 01 John R. Steelman. 

Enoch, b Novembet n, [816, m., first, Sarah, only daughter of Capl Edmund S 

by whom he had one child, Sarah B econd, Lucj \nn Evans, daughter of Hon. John 

Willits, of West Creel . ' tcean County. They were married Novembei 5, [846, and had five 
children: I Uonzo Cordery, of Fort Meade, Florida; Mi Reuben Babcock, ol Vbsecon; 




MARY CLARK CORDERY 



460 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Mrs. John R. Fleming, of Atlantic City; Mr?. William Dickey, of Pittsburg, and John Wil- 
lits Cordery, of Absecon. 

Judge Cordery was a man of strict integrity and more than ordinary intellectual attain- 
ments. He was all his life a very industrious and exemplary citizen. He conducted at the 
old homestead the business which his father left him. He was an active and consistent 
member of the M. E. Church. He was a charter member and one of the active worker- of 
the Aurora Lodge of Odd Fellows, the first to be instituted in this county. His influence 
and worth was recognized by all who knew him. Like his lather, he represented his county 
in the State Senate, serving from 1857 to 1859. It was a period of legislative corruption, but 
the member from Atlantic preserved his reputation unsullied. 

In 1877 Governor Bedle appointed him one of the Lay Judges of this county. 1 1 < was 
twice reappointed, serving five year terms and having one year to serve of his unexpired 
term at the time of his death. 

He was one of the first stockholders and directors of the Second National Bank, and 
was the possessor of a considerable fortune. 



RODMAN CORSON. 



Rodman Corson, who comes from one of the old-time families of Cape May County, 
was born near Beesley's Point. 111 what is now Marmora, on June 15. 1866. For some years 
he has made Atlantic City his home. His educational advantages were only those of the 
ordinary country district school, after leaving which he spent eleven year- teaching school 
in the various counties of Southern New Jersey. By close application he won the degree 
of A. M. in the American University. He studied law with Messrs Godfrey & Godfrey of 
this city, was admitted to practice in the June term of [899, 

He has for several years helped to collect the taxes of this city, and is well known to 
many of our business people through his connection with one of the busiest law offices in 
Atlantic County. He is a Director and Secretary of the Rial Estate and Investment Com- 
pany of Atlantic City, and enjoy, the entire confidence of those with whom he comes in 
contact. 

In 1893 he married Miss Genevra Corson, of Philadelphia, and now resides on Georgia 
avenue. He is a member of a number of fraternal societies and has passed all the chairs 
in our local Castle of Knights of Golden Eagles. 



WALTER A. CORSON. 

Dr. Walter A. Corson was born at Vine Valley, N. Y.. December o. 1872; moved, with 
his parents, to Cape May County in 1870. and from there to Atlantic City in 1881. Was 
graduated at the public schools of Atlantic City in 1890. The following year he spent at 
school at Pennington Seminary. Began the study of medicine with Dr. G. W. Crosby the 
following year, and w-as graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia 
in 1804. He then joined the medical staff of the Metropolitan Hospital on Blackwell's 
Island, New York, where he was soon promoted to assistant superintendent of the hospital. 
He returned to Atlantic City alter spending 18 months at the hospital, and began the prac- 
tice of Medicine with Dr. G. W. Crosby, under the firm name of Drs. Crosby & Corson. 

He was married on November 16, 1898, to Miss Amelia Sanders Adams, of Linwood, 
N. J. His health becoming impaired, he decided to spend the winter of 1898 and 1899 in 
Texas, expecting to return to Atlantic City again the following June. He is a member of 
the Atlantic Citv Medical Club and now lives in Denver. Colorado. 



BIOGRAPHY. 461 

LEWIS MITCHELL CRESSE 

When the shores of New Jersey were almost untrodden save by the foot of the Red 
man, and the ascending smoke from the camp fires of the tribes of Lenni-Lenapes was 
the only sign of its inhabitants to the passing mariner-.; when the sea was most bountiful 
in spoils for the whaler, the name of Cresse appears prominently in a company oi men 
who. attracted by the wealth of these waters, came from Long Island and settled in its 
southern section in [692. 

When Cape May County came into existence the same year, by proprietary law, with 
limits but vaguely defined, this name appears on the county records as a public official, 
an 1 down to the present time it has retained it-, honorable position. 

In [692, Arthur, patriarch of the Cresse family in this State, purchased 350 acres of 
land from the West Jersey Society, ami the same year he and John Townsend became 
jointly the first Collector- of tin- County, which position they held until 1700. when they 
were succeeded by John Cresse and Jacob Spicer. 

The early settlers raised cattle extensively. The herds roamed together and each man's 
property was distinguished by a brand on the ears. This law was made- by an Vt oi 
Assembly at Burlington, February 7. [692. The legal form of recording the "ear marks" 
was the sketch of a cow's head with the peculiar mark of the owner on the ears accompa- 
nied by a written description The first "car mark" in the archives of the Cape May County 
courts wss recorded bj a Cresse on July 13, [692 

A deep religious sentiment has dominated the family and in church as well as State 
they have been leaders When the first Baptist services, in 1675. resulted in a permanent 
organization with a church structure in 17U. at Cape May. the name of Arthur Cressr was 
first on the list of its members, as was that of Nathan Cresse first on the list of members 
of the fiist Methodist Church in the County founded at Dennisville. 

The early records of the first Presbyterian Church established in the county are lost 
but tradition claims that the Cresse family was also largely interested in its organization 

The name of Lewis Cresse continues in almost unbroken succession down the ancestral 
line, appearing officially as early as i;i_> When tin- fiery spirit of patriotism burst forth 
in a document of May 27, [778, in which 87 Cape May countians renounced their allegi- 
ance to King George and swore to "bear true faith" to the government of New Jersey, 
the names of Arthur, Lewis. Daniel. David and Zebulon Cresse appeared on the list of 
signers. 

Lewis was a notorious wag and a verse maker. Daniel, a brother of Lewis and the 
great-grandfather of our subject, was a large land owner, the proprietor of the Dia- Creel 
tavern, and a sea captain. His son Daniel married Hannah Hand, and settled at Gravelly 
Run, where he operated one of the largest farms in that region. Six children were born 
to this couple: Philip. Rhoda. Ellen. Huldah, Daniel and Lewis. Tin- only survivor of 
the six children is the youngest, Lewis Cresse. Sr.. father of Lewis Mitchell Cresse. The 
father was born at Gravelly Run in 1824. and was educated in the pay schools of the 
county. When a young man be -pent three years 111 California, attracted by the discovery 
of gold. Upon his return he married Mary Ann Hoffman, a teacher in the village school 
of Gravellj Run. Mr. Cresse first engaged in the milling business at that place, but 
later purchased a farm of too acres at Townsend Inlet (now Swainton) where he has since 
resided. Four children have been born to him: Huldah. wife of Coleman F. Learning. 
Jr.; Maty Hoffman, wife of W. Scott Hand: Lewi- Mitchell and George Hoffman, prin- 
cipal of the public schools of Dennisville. 

Lewis Mitchell Cresse was born at Townsend Inlet. September u. [867. He acquired 
his education in the public schools of his native village, graduating at the High School 
of Cape May Court House, in t886; the Quaker School of Woodstown, and the National 
College of Commerce, Philadelphia, graduating from the latter institution in 1887. Sub- 



162 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

sequcntly he engaged in teaching bookkeeping and accounting in that College. Ho after- 
wards became principal of the public schools of Almonesson, Gloucester County, but 
abandoned the work of an educator to become identified with the financial interest of 
Cape A. i . i > County; first as Cashier of the People's Bank of Sea Isle City, where he re- 
mained nearly three years, when lie accepted a position with the Union National Rank 
of Atlantic City. Three years later, in 1896, Mr. Cresse became the executive head oi 
the tire. mi I'm office of the Central Trust Company oi Camden. This Bank was opened 
for business Maj 1.;. [896, \ general hanking business is conducted ami success 
has attended the enterprise from tin beginning, a fact which is largely attributable to the 
efforts a!'.! management of Mr. Cresse. In his work he is assisted by W. Scott Hand, 
who occupies the position of teller, ami IV C. Mar-hall, who is bookkeeper. 

Mr. Cresse is also extensively interested in the business of paper manufacturing at 
Pleasant Hills, X. .1. The office of The Pleasant Mills Taper Co., of which he 1- Presi 
dent, is at No. 608 Chestnut Street. Philadelphia, and to the management of this important 
enterprise he his devoted much attention. 

lie is now serving as a member of the Board of Education for the second term and 
is President of the Board ol ["rade o] Ocean ( itj 

On the [2th of September. [896, wis celebrated the marriage of Mr. Cresse ami 
Cecilia, daughter of Alexander and Marion Htslop, of Troy. X. V. They occupy an 
enviable position in social circles and enjoy the highest esteem of many friends Mr. 
Cresse is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is popular in fraternal 
as well as social and business circles His success in all he has undertaken has been 
marker. 



LYDIA HERTS CROMWELL. 

Dr. Lydia Herts Cromwell was born m Bedford, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1874. She 
graduated from the Bedford High School with high honors, May 5, 1803. and immediately 
determined upon the study and practice of medicine, notwithstanding the objections and 
earnest opposition of her family. Her determined purpose prevailed and she began the 
study of medicine with Dr. Amos A. Taylor as her preceptor. In October. 1893, she en- 
tered the Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital. Chicago. Illinois, and was graduated 
as Medical Doctoi m the regular course. March JO. 1S0O. 

Immediately upon graduating Dr. Cromwell was engaged as assistant physician with 

Dr. Nelson A. Pennoyer at the Pennoyer Sanatorium, Kenosha. Wisconsin. At this insti- 
tution, in addition to the Sanatorium practice, lb- Pennoyer ami Cromwell had the cue 
of an active practice in the town of Kenosha. 

\i the beginning of the spring season of 1897, Dr. Cromwell accepted the position as 
Resident Physician at Galen Hall Sanatorium, Atlantic City, where -he has since remained 
in the practice of her chosen profession. 



GEORGE W. CROSBY. 

Or, George W. Crosby was born at Middletown, X. Y . September 1. 1851. Was edu 

cated at the Del. ovare Literary Institute at Franklin. X, Y.. and at Poughkeepsic. N. Y. 
Began the study of medicine with his brother. Dr. t >. 11 Crosby, in the spring of 1S75. and 
graduated from the New York Homoeopathic College February 28, 1878. Located at 
Walton. X Y. the following April. Was the firsf to introduce homoeopathy in that city.. 



BIOGRAPHY. 463 

and soon built up a large practice. By the urgent request of his brother, he moved to 
Atlantic City in the spring of [883, and began work in his new field of labor with Dr. 11 II. 
Crosby, under the firm nam. ol Drs O II. & G. W. Crosby, which was continued up in 

the 1 ■ ol In In. ali. 1 ' death. 

Was married February [6, [892, to Miss M. A. Rathburn, of Franklin, N. V. Joined 
tin.- American Institute oi Homoeopathy in [885, ami shortly thereafter became a membei 

of the New Jersey Slate Homoeopathic Medical Society, also the West Jei ej Hoi :opathic 

Medical Society, and last, but not least, the Atlantic < itj II. a ipathii Medical Club, 



(i II. CR( >SBY. 

Doctoi O II Cro l.\ was h..rn at Middletown, New York, September 25, 1849. He 
was educated at Del I. it. Inst , Franklin, N. Y., ami in 1869 began tin- study of me.li. in.' at 

Rochester. X. V.. a Iter war. I coming to Camden, N. J., with Dr. II I I. Cater, He graduated 

at the New York Homeo. Med College in March, 1874, and immediately thereaftei located 
at Atlantic City, where he began the practice of his profession, being the first and foi some 
tune the only homoeopathic physician in the city. Hire he soon built up a large practice 
and gained many friends. He was married in the autumn of 1S74. to Miss Hattie Shepard, 
of Franklin, X. Y., who died September, [882. 

Dr. Crosbj was i.,i , yea) Superintendent of Public Scl Is in Atlantic City, in 

whose welfare and development he was much interested. He took an active interest in 
several organizations in which he was identified, and was for many years a member of the 
American Institute of Homoeopath) He died of Bright's disease, at Franklin, N. Y.. 
January 6, [885. 



GE< IRGE F. CURRIE. 

i,...i". I dime wa horn March 11. 1 S.^5. in Dubs, France, and received a common 
school education at that place. In 1831 he came lo tin United Slates, locating temporarilj 

at New York, ami later at Philadelphia; he then resided in Delaware for a lime, and during 
the panic of 1X5;, located at Millville. X. J., where he opened a stove and hardware store. 
At the en. I .a five years he sold this businessand cairn- 1.. \h,<...ii and engaged in the same 
business. At the outbreak ol tin W.n .,1 the Rebellion he answered to his country's call 
and enlisted in the Federal Army, serving until honorably discharged, in 1865. Realizing the 

business possibilities ..1 Miami. City, \li Currie built, in [868, at [216-18 Atlantic avenue, 

and I here engaged m the stove and hardware business. In [88l a meeting was held 111 Mr. 

Clinic's store 10 organize a hank, resulting in the organization of the Atlantic Citj National 

Bank. The business progress of the city aftel a lew years warranted another bank, ami 111 

December, [886, the Sec, ml National Bank was organized. This institution was largely 

the result of Mr. Clime's efforts, in recognition of which he wa, elected its first president, 
and has been re-elected to that office at each succeeding election, ami at present hold thai 
position. Later the Trust Company connected with the bank wa- started, and ill [894 he 
was made president of that institution. 

In politics Mr. Currie is a Republican. He has been a member of Council several 
times, and was a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders for si venteen years 

Mr. Currie- was married o. Miss Mathilda D. Haley, of Haleyville, Cumberland County, 
in 1859. Mr. Clinic- has four children, two hoys and two girls. 

He- is also prominent in Masonii circles, and helped to organize the fust lodgi al 
Absecon. and was its fust Junior Warden. He is also a member of American Star Lodge, 
No [48, ] (i 11 F., and was Us first Noble Grand 



464 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

WILLIAM EDGAR DARN ALL. A. B. M. D. 

Born in Pcarisburg. Virginia, William Edgar Darnall, A. B.. M. D., obtained an 
academic education in the city of Durham. North Carolina, where he remained until 1888, 
during which year he entered the Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Virginia. In 
1892 he graduated from this institution, having filled the position of private secretary to 
General Lee. president of the University, for two years prior to this auspicious event. The 
degree of M. D. was conferred upon him by the University of Virginia, in 1895, and after a 
year's practice in his native State, he came to Atlantic City. 

Since locating here. Dr. Darnall has been honored by appointments as physician to 
the Atlantic City Hospital, physician to St. Michael's Baby Hospital, and is also Fellow 
of the American Academy of Medicine, member of the Medical Society of New Jersey, 
secretary and treasurer to the Atlantic County Medical Society, vice-president of the At- 
lantic City Academy of Medicine, ex-section chief of the Phi Gamma Delta Greek Letter 
Fraternity and president of Fortnightly Club of Atlantic City. 

Dr. Darnall, who is the son of Henry Thomas and Margaret Pogue Johnston Darnall. 
is a descendent of an influential family of Virginia. 



HANNAH SOMERS DAVIS. 

Mrs. Hannah Somers Davis, as she preferred to be known, was born at Somers Point, 
New Jersey, October 1, 1795. 

Her great-grandfather, John Somers. came to America from Worcester, England (his 
place of birth), in 1081 or 1682, when about twenty years of age, and settled in Pennsyl- 
vania, at what is now called Somerton, Pa., but which was then called Upper Dublin. Alter 
living there a few years he came to South Jersey, and in 1695 bought of Thomas Budd a tract 
of ,;.ooo acres for the sum of 240 pounds sterling. 

Because of this the place received the name of Somers Point, and here some of his de- 
scendants live to this day. 

James Somers, son of John Somers, grandson of Richard Somers, and great-grandson 
of the original John Somers. when a young man. very likely about the time of his marriage, 
built a house about one mile west of Somers Point, on what is at present called Hickory 
Point, being a part of the original tract purchased by John Somers. The timbers and 
boards for this house, which was destroyed by fire February 7, 1900. and which 
had been for many years an object of interest, were sawed from the trees of the forest by 
the young builder himself. 

The house, when completed, was occupied by him and his wife, and here the subject ol 
this sketch was born. 

Hannah was the third of a family of six children born to John Somers and Lett ice 
Finley. After the death of his first wife, her father married Aner Blackmail, by whom he 
had four children, and after her death he was married a third time, this time to Martha 
Wiley, by whom he had one child. Harriet, widow of Simon Lake, who is now living at 
Ocean City, at the age of seventy-five years. 

Living, as she did, more than thirty years past the allotted three-score years and ten. 
and doubtless reaching a greater age than any other member of the Somers family, it seems 
as if this long life is at least partly due to the natural longevity of the family to which Mrs. 
Davis belonged. 

Her great-great-grandfather died at the age of eighty-three. Her great-grandfather 
lived sixty-eight years. Her grandfather died in his seventy-third year, and her father in 
his ninetieth, while the ages of her nine brothers and sisters who have died average nearly 
eighty years. When Miss Somers was only eight years of age she was taken by an aunt 
and uncle to Salem, Ohio, which was then in the far west. She remained there until 1S1.1. 



BH iGR \PIIY. Ki i 

when she returned east and took up her residence in Philadelphia, where, in 1818, shi 

tin 1 Methodist Episcopal Church, although her earlier training had I thai ol a Friend 

both of her grandmothei ha ing been Quaker preachei connected with thi Mi 
Housi which tood opposite the pn enl Dolphin House, at Somers Point, and near where 
thi I i Hi ral ( Ihurch m iw stands .ti I ,inw ood 

On September -■<'. 1834, -In- was married t" Elijah Davis, a merchant of Philadelphia, 
I j thi KV\ I hos M 1 !ai roll, a ministei "i the \l I 1 . ( Ihurch. 

Mr. Davis was ■>• ■ I in bu ine and accumulated a fortune of moderal 

befon lie retired to innate Ine. Me died in 1X7.;. a few years after In- retirement, leaving 
the iie-i hi tin-, estati t'> his u 

Having joined the Methodisl Episcopal Church, Mi Davi took an active interest in 

its affair-, and gave liberally toward it- support. In [878 she furnished (lie mei a 

church to I"' erected at (dark-. Nebraska, to be known as the Somei Chapel, and rn 

much interested in the undertaking that in [884, when eight) nine yeai of agi hi wenl 

to Ni In ad. a fi 11 the pur] i visiting it. 

While there she gave evideno ol hei vi| n constitution and indomitable h 

taking a ride on horsebai I. 

The last quarter century or more of Mrs. Davis' life was passed very quietly in her 
home at No. 448 North Fourth street, Philadelphia, where for twenty years she had the 
companionship ol her faithful and loving niece, Mi-s Hannah Spain, who cared for her 
every want. 

Although e, .niine, I to her house of recent year-, because of rheumatism, her mind va 
clear and active to tin la 1 

The last time the writer had the pleasure of seeing her was just before the Spanish- 
American War. at winch time In wa found" sitting by the window reading the- daili 

She took an active interest in the topics of the day. and was well informed on thi evenl 
preceding the war Having seen and distinctly remembering the war with England in [812, 
the war with Mexico in 1S.4K. and then the awful conflict between the North and Smith ill 
1861-65, she expressed an earnest wish that we mighl not again he compelled to lake up 
arms. Init -aid n' it became necessary, our President. Wm. McKinley, would guide this 
country safely through it. a- Abraham Lincoln had dune through the (nil War. 

On thi thi : 11 referred to, she showed me with a great deal ni pride her 

certificate ol 1 tbei hip in General Lafayetti 1 hapter, Daughters of the Revolution of 

Atlantic City, together with the gold poon which hail been given to her as an - 
Daughter ol the Revolution, he. father having served during that war. 

1 'n October 1. [895, Mi Davi celebrated her one hundredth birthday at her home in 
a very quiel manner, surrounded by a few of her nearesl relativi and dearest friends. 

After this three more birthdays were passed, and the fourth almost reached bi fori 

overtook her. on August _•_'. [899 

()n Whilst 25th, -he wa- buried at Woodland Cemetery, Philadelphia, the funeral ser- 
vices being conducted by the Rev. John Wood, pastor 01 Si Geot 1 I E Church, 
Philadelphia. 

Truly do the Proverbs of Solomon say: "Forget not my law for length of day- and 
long life and peace -hall the\ add P. thee." 



II \KKY II. DEAKYNE. 

Harry II. Deakyne, the well known druggist, was horn in New I a tli County, Dela- 
ware. August jo. [858. After graduating from the public schools he took a course in the 
Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. He nest -pent five year- in the drug -tore of .1. W. 

Denney, of Smyrna, Delaware. In 1883 he graduated from the -tore of Henrj C. Blair's 
Sons, in Philadelphia, and came to thi- city in March of that year. H< continued in the 
30 



466 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

employ ol the late T M Galbreath For six /ears, till his death, in 1889, when .1- manager, 
tinued the business [or the estate six years longer 

On January 1. 1895, he opened the handsome brick store where he now successfully 
presides. 

He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge, ;i Chapter member, and one ol the Board ol 
Governors of the new Cit) Hospital. 



MICHAEL A. DIVINE 

Michael A Divine, our well known and popular Postmaster, was born in Philadelphia. 
H:- parents moved to this citj when he was a child. He received his education in the 
publii schools and filled various clerical positions with credit and success, For eight year-. 
U p ., 1891, he was in the employ of the West Jersey Railroad Company, first in the express 

nd at the consolidation ol the West Jersej with the Camden & Atlantic Companies 
h, remained with them as chiel cletk in the passenger, freight and express departments. 
lie was elected rax 1 ollector and re elected the following year. In 1894 he organ 
1 ed the real estate insurance and law firm ol Divine \ Wootton, in which he takes an 
active interest. In July, [896, lie was appointed Postmaster l>\ President Cleveland, and 
the appointment was confirmed bj the United States Senate in Februarj . 1897. IK- 1- larg< lj 
interested in the development ol real estate. \s Postmaster he has persistently and sue 
cessfully directed his efforts to the improvement ol the service. Few people appreciate the 

lount "i transient mail that is received and handled at a resort like this, and the 
fluctuating quantity and the difficulties in its dispatch and distribution The new post office 
building, stamping machines and enlarged carriei service and improved Facilities have re 
suited from his intelligent direction. He occupies a handsome home in Chelsea, and is one 
of our most enterprising and public spirited citi 



TIluM \S JEFFERSt IN DICKERS" >N 

rhomas Jefferson Dickerson, the well Known merchant, was born in Philadelphia, De 
cember 6, [849 Vftei receiving a publii school education he apprenticed himself to the 
trade of a hatter, serving Nan years He was onlj twentj two years ol age when he en- 
gaged in business E01 himsell as a manufacturer Latei he resumed work as a journeyman, 
and continued as such sevet tl jreai In 1883 he came to Atlantic City, making tin- Ins 
rears later he leased of Mr. George Allen, the store at [334 Atlantic 
avenue, then about one-third its present -1 e. and stocked u with a high grade ol gents' fur 

nislling goods, hats, caps, etc., and catered to the best class of trade from u idents and 

visitors. So .yreat was his success that In leased iwo adjoining store- and expended several 

thousand dollars 111 up-to-date improvements and met the demand al all seasons lor the 

most stylish and expensive line ol goods. 

In 1894 he decided to take mto the firm as a partner. Mr, Leonard Vlgar, who had been 

with him a- a faithful and tin-led clerk since his store first opened in this city. The firm 

has since been known as rhomas J, Dickerson & Co 

.Mr. Dickerson was one of the prime movers in the organi ation ol the I nion National 
Bank, and was on, . . 1 its first Board ol Directors, having been re elected each year since. 

Me w.i- also on, ,.1 ih, Directors oi the Real Estate and Investment Company, lie is 
prominent socially and fraternally. He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge, F. ami \ \l . 
and a member oi other societies. Hi- business method- are such a- to attract patronage and 
retain it Hi- fellow citizens appreciate In- public spirited enterprise ami progressive ideas 
im \pni 24, 18/2, he married Hannah E Rodearmel, oi Philadelphia, and ha- iw,, children 
living, Mary Elizabeth ami Emma Rowc He ha- a inn home on Virginia avenue. 



BIOGRAPHY 4i;t 

HAM ll/H )N AND MAR.V DISS I I IN 

The name ol Henr) Disston, tin well-known saw manufact I Philadelphia, will 

long I icmbered in Atlantii I it) Hi had achieved greal ucci a an inventor and 

manufacturer befon In became interested in thi n ort, in 1871, when with I al cnerg 

and enterpri e hi 1 tabli hed hen tin fii 1 lumber mill, built cottagi and dem 'ated hi 

faith in iIh bright mini .,1 tin placi Henr) Diss wa ol Engli h birth Hi came to 

il ntrj in [833, hi the age ol foi yeai and I emploj 1 al Second and 

Vrc! 1 . making aw l". crude, hand nnih.nl i„ 1 W a in ifactured in tin 

I nil.. I Stati I I., stoi j ..1 the hii\ bu \ yeai ol In In Ii ■ 1 loping .. lai gi ..ml ui 

ml 111. In I 1 v u In. I \ . .11 II. gi |>loj I to .. W holl tOVi II l ill. In i 

av\ 1 1 1 ■ I inr in A 1 a 

In 1846 In- moved from ! ii I and Vrch to a largci place which wa .1. troyed In 

1 '|.i I .argei and betti 1 hop were buill 1.. meet the .1. maud 1 foi the bi 1 1 

-nil arkcl \i:..n 864 iln planl burned down, when a large tn land 1 ccured 

.11 Tacony, eighl miles 1 tin ' it) II. ill. on the banl ol tin Delaware, and .. town laid 

• jut ..11 .in . 1. 11 ... call 1 .11 ....In 1 1 •. . 1.1 Mi hed, which ha inci 1 11 1 anl 

. . 1 .1 Philadelphia, and 1 lil throw l 1 I Id to the 1 r niti .1 Stati Man) 

thoughtful pro\ wi n madi In a. Ifan and pro 1- ril . ..1 tin 1 inployec ..1 tin 

in in. pi . uliar 1.. iln- ■■ 1 pii il ..i thi foundi 1 

The al all ..i tin outpul ..1 the work ..1 iln 1 reached hall 1 Ilion dollar 

Ii was in i8; 1 thai Mi I >ii ton authorizi .1 .. fri. ml and n lati • I. S. 1 I 1 

of thi cit) to buy a lot and build 1 : cottai her here, not letting Mi hi 

the ...ni till iln cottage wa finished and furnished .-in. I read) 1.. occup) 

Mrs, Disston came down on a morning train one Saturda) o a to havi dinnci read) 

for Mr. Disston, wl Ilowcd in the afternoon Then wa a pleasanl urprisi part) thai 

. veiling in il a I ..i il.. . 1 1 I.., 1 11, itln 1 had ill thai .1.. . iln - 

carl) .11 [872, and the cottagi tood on Atlantii m 1 abovi Indiana ave ■ 

So delighted wa vli In ton with Ulantii Cit) thai he bought othei l.. ml ."I ng 

.111.1 ...n iderabl) nun. ,n Vrctii and lllinoi ..-. and al Pacifii ..ml Indiana avenui 

He buill il..- I-,, i i..n. baker) foi In old I Conway, and tartcd 1 il ..ml bricl yard 

'" ■ mmodati tin pi opli 'I he follov ing .. .n in buill iln in 1 1, .,.,. lumbi 1 mill on 

tin island givinj ployment to quite a numl [ mecln II.. mill wa 1 1 down 

in 1875, and in il place the present bricl tructurc of the Atli Lumber Compan 

(■reeled, one .if the In I In 1. I I. nil. Inn. 111 iln . it) 

I. iii 1. .n died in March, [878, bul tin inte t tin . tate wen continued in iln 

city fur years by Mrs, Disston, who erected a handsome villa on Indiana avenue m 11 Mm 
beach, and tl 11 within a fev yeai have owned inten 1 in tin in ml,. 1 compan) 

Mrs, l)i ton wa a nativi ..1 Vtlantii Count) Sin wa born al Porl Republic, Vpril | 
1821. II. 1 parent wen fona ..ml M.n Stcelman II. wa a wheelwright I., tradi II. 1 
1 1 11. 1 her wai .-1 Mecully, whosi grandfathci performed tin then remarkabli feat ..1 ..... ting 

'I., old 1 ..I.. 1 ty Bell, \\ In n il "lost il ■ b) l... ving .. 1 1... I in it idi M 1 In ton 

grandfathci was Major John Steelmi tin \rm ol thi l'- olution 

Then nen 1. 1 children in tin Steelman famil) Julia Nun. Beulah, John, Mar) ..ml 

J I. Mary became the second w f Henry Di ton in Philadelphi: bcr g [843 

and became the mother of 1 : children: Hamilton, Vmanda, Vlbert, Fran] in Horace, 

W illiam, Jai ob and .1 little girl who dii .1 in inf; 

>li In ilon wai .. devoted wif< and mothei generou in aiding thi need) and rioted 

foi I,. 1 y charities. 'I In- site foi ever) church in I y, < atholic, Pre bytcrian, Meth 

odist and all, was donated by Mr, and Mi Di ton 

Tin Dii ton Memorial Pn byterian 1 hurcli wa built and furni hed completi 1 
memorial to Miss Mary Di ston, who died in tin primi ..1 young womanhood. 

In ton Hall of Beacon Pn byterian Church, at Kensington, wa built a a memorial to 



46S DAILY UNION' HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

her son Albert. The Mission Chapel at Eighth street and Montgomery avenue, a house 
for a hospital for the Northern Home for Friendless children; $5,000 for the hospital for 
incurables of the University of Pennsylvania; $5,000 for the Hygienic Fund; beds in various 
hospitals and homes outright to worthy and needy families were some of her gifts and 
benefactions. 

Mrs. Disston died June 15, 1895. aged 74 years. Her memory will long be cherished 
by thousands who shared her bounty or appreciated her generous, useful life. 



LORENZO A. DOWNS. 

Lorenzo A. Downs was born at Downsville, Gloucester County, October 9, 1839, lus 
father being Jesse Downs, who was a native of the same place. Like thousands of other 
good American boys, he attended the public schools and secured an education that equipped 
him to enter into the competition of life. At the aye of twenty five, lie engaged in the 
lumber business in his native town, and for ten years attended strictly t ■ > his duties. While 
thus employed he was elected Clerk of Buena Yista township for two years, and at the ex- 
piration of that time he was elected as Collector of Taxes. In November. 1875. he was 
elected Clerk of Atlantic County by a majority of seven hundred and forty votes, and re- 
ceived all the votes in the township where he resided but three, for a term of five years. 
He was re-elected for the same period, being the first gentleman to be so honored at the 
hands of the voters in this county. Afterward he was made Deputy County Clerk h\ hi- 
successor, Lewis Evans, serving one year, ami we next find him in the Second National 
Bank of Atlantic City, where he first acted in the capacity of bookkeeper. When the 
Atlantic City Safe Deposit and Trust Company organized he was at once chosen secretary 
and treasurer. May 1, 1890, he was appointed cashier of the banking institution with 
which he had become identified. He still holds these two positions, enjoying the confidence 
of his associates, as well as the public at large. During [890 he was elected cashier, secre- 
tary and treasurer of the Electric Light Company, but later resigned owing to his increas- 
ing business cares. He belongs to the Masonic Fraternity, being a member of Vineland 
Lodge, No. 69. He is a Republican in politics, and a trustee of the Central M. E. Church. 



ALLEN BROWN ENDICOTT. 

Hon. Allen Brown Endicott, President Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Atlantic 
County, was born at Mays Landing, March 7. [857. He finished Ins academic education, 
graduating at Peddie Institute, Hightstown, N. J., in June, 1876. He read law with Hon. 
Peter L. Voorhees, of Camden, and graduated in the law department of the University of 
Pennsylvania in 1879, with the degree of LL.B. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar 
in 1880, and as a counsellor in 1884. He served as Collector of Atlantic County for sixteen 
years, from May, i8S,;, till he was appointed Judge. \s a public speaker and an advocate 
before the bar he has few equals. He was appointed by the court to defend Roberl Elder, 
who was indicted for the shooting of his father, and as counsel for John Rech, who was 
convicted of strangling Bessie Weaver. In both cases he acquitted himself with distinction. 

Judge Endicott for eleven years was City Solicitor lor this city, succeeding the late 
Harry L. Slape. who died June 4. 1887. He carried through successfully the condemnation 
proceedings to purchase the two water plants, also the suit of the citj to tax the trolley car 
plant which for years had been exempt from any but State tax. Eminent counsel were 
arrayed against him. 



CHARLES GILL ENDICOTT. 
Charles Gill Endicott was born in Mays Landing. New Jersey, October 12, 18.18. His 
early education was obtained in the Parochial School at that place, under the care of the 



BIOGRAPHY. -J6'j 

Presbyterian Church, and afterwards at the West Jersey Academy of Bridgeton. He took 
every first prize that was offered at these institutions during his connection with them. 
After his graduation from the West Jersey Academy, he taught srln.nl until 1857, when he 
became a tutor in the English branches at the Woodhull Academy, Freehold. New Jersey 
In 1859 ' lc accepted the position of bookkeeper for John Wheaton, of New York, and in 
[865 he became a partner with him in the wholesale grocery and butter business 

In 1X71 he formed a partnership with Henry A. Crawford, at Jersej City, and engaged 
in the grocery and ship chandlery business. In 1X74 he bought the interest of Mr. Crawford 
and continued that business in his individual capacity until five or six years ago, when lie 
and his bookkeeper, George E. Hammond, formed a partnership, and thereafter the busi- 
ness was conducted in the name of Endicott & Co \ 1 o they changed their 
place of business to the corner of West and Cedar streets, in New York City, where they 
have done a constantly increasing business. 

Mr. Endicott was married iii Mary Mclntyre, of New York City, on Vpril 15. 1X74 
For several years past he has resided at Westfield, Union County, New Jersey. 

Mr. Endicott has also been prominent in church work, having acted as Trustee and 
Elder of the First Reform Church of Jersey City, and also has held the inn po ition in 
the First Presbyterian Church at Westfield 

During the six years he was a member m the Township Committi e he ecured For that 
town the best macadam roads that can be found in the Stale Ik- was instrumental in 
having sewerage introduced in the town of Westfield, as well as electric lights and teli 
phone. He has been Vice-President and a Director of the First National Bank of West- 
field since its organization. He is also President of the Building and Loan Association, a 
member of the Board ol Frade, Exei tttoi ol manj large e tati -. and owns and control: .1 
largi r number of vessels than any one man in the States ,,1' New \ ork or Xew Jei 1 



GE< >RGE W< >< >DHULL ENDIO >T I 

George Woodhull Endicott, M. D., so 1 Thomas Doughty and Ann (Penning 

ton) I ndicott, was born at Mays Landing, Atlantic County, New Jersey, April to, [853, and 
is a direct descendant in Governor John Endicott, who came to this country from England 
in [628, as the first Colonial Governor of the Ma achu etts Colony. 

I in In- mother's side he belongs to the famous Pennington family of Xew Jersey, two 
of their number having served a Governors of the State: William Pennington served as 
Governor from 1837 to 1843. and William S, Pennington from 1813 to 1S15. 

Dr. Endicott's earK education was obtained in the Presbyterian School .it Mays Land- 
ing. In 1871 he entered the Brainerd Institute at Cranbury, X" J . but only remained there 
six months, and then entered Peddie Institute at Hightstown, X !.. where his opportunities 
to prepare himself for the study of medicine were much greater. He graduated from Peddie 
Institute in 1873. The following September he entered the Jefferson Medical College, and 
was the youngest member of his class that numbered one hundred and seventy-one. In 
1875. upon his graduation, he was appointed House Physician to the St. Mary's Ho pital, 
Philadelphia, where he enjoyed the rare privilege of assisting such surgeons as Gross, 
Pancoast and Keen. After serving his term in the hospital be entered the drug store ol 
Dr. Jos. Hornblower, of Hudson City. X. J . to acquire practical knowledge of drugs. 
While there he studied pharmacy, and in 187S he passed the examination of the Xew Jersey 
State Board of Pharmacy. Dr. Endicott first began the practice of medicine in Dunellen, 
New Jersey. He moved to Plainfield in 1880. There bis ability was promptly recognized 
and he soon established a lucrative practice and became the leading physician and surgeon 
of the city. 

Dr. Endicott was appointed Surgeon to Muhlamberg Hospital it its opening, in 1880, 
and he has held that position ever since. He is Senior Surgeon, also Medical Director of 



470 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

the same institution. The Doctor has been especially successful in surgery, having per- 
formed all the so-called difficult operations with an extraordinary low death rate. He was 
the first surgeon to perform successfully ovariotomy in Plainfield, and he is acknowledged 
by his associates to be one of the ablest in the State. 

Dr. Endicott was a member of the Plainfield Board of Health for ten successive years, 
and inaugurated many improvements in the sanitary condition of the city. It was during 
his time of service that water and sewerage were introduced, and largely through his efforts. 

Dr. Endicott owns and resides in one of the many handsome houses in Plainfield. He 
is a member of the American Medical Association, the New Jersey State Medical Asso- 
ciation, the Union County Medical Association, and the Plainfield Medical Association. 

The Doctor was married in 1879, and has one son, George Woodhull Endicott. Jr. 



CHARLES EVANS. 

Xo history of Atlantic City would be complete without a sketch of its best-known 
citizen, Mr. Charles Evans, proprietor of the well-known Sea Side House. For more than 
thirty years he has been welcoming strangers to this island, entertaining them hospitably 
and taking an active interest in promoting local institutions and the welfare of the whole 
town. 

Mr. Evans was born in Delaware County. Pa.. August 21, iS.;8. His father was a 
well-known farmer and member of the society of Friends. His early education was at the 
public schools and at the YVesttown Friends Academy of Pennsylvania. He continued upon 
his father's farm until his twenty-seventh year. Evincing at an early age. much ability as 
a manager, and being naturally of an ambitious nature, the year of 1867 found him located 
at Atlantic City, the proprietor of a hotel kept for many years by a Quaker family named 
Scattergood, as a summer house. It was at this time that Mr. Evans demonstrated very 
clearly his business foresight and showed he had the courage and stamina to invest his 
money where many believed it would never bring any return. At this time Pennsylvania 
avenue, where his magnificent hostlery is now located, was considered too far up town. 
Mr. Evans believed that in the course of a very few years this would be the most desirable 
part of the city. In this belief he was entirely correct. Accordingly he moved his hotel 
eight hundred feet nearer the beach and proceeded to lay out in lots the ocean end of this 
avenue, which he sold at highly satisfactory prices, and with such restrictions that only the 
better style of dwellings could be erected. This has resulted in making Pennsylvania avenue 
the most select and desirable avenue in Atlantic City. 

In 1875 Mr. Evans took charge of a hotel in Florida for lour winters, which he aban- 
doned in 1S80. and thereafter kept the Sea Side House open all winter, making it an all 
the-year house. 

Largely through Mr. Evans' efforts, in 1881, the Atlantic City National Bank was 
started and he was made its first President, and at each succeeding election has been re- 
elected to that position. That the selection of Mr. Evans by the directors was a wise one, is 
attested by the present prosperous condition of the bank. It now ranks first in Xew 
Jersey and twenty-fourth in the United States. 

In politics he is a staunch Republican, and stands high in the councils of his party. Mr. 
Evans has an aversion to holding public office. Though the highest office 111 the gift of his 
party, in this locality, could have been secured by him, he has onlj 1 onsented to accept the 
office of Councilman for several years, believing he could serve the interests of the city of 
his adoption in that way. 

Mr. Evans has contributed thousands of dollars in various ways to advance the city's 
interests, entertaining visiting delegations and aiding local institutions. He was one of the 
most liberal contributors to a city hospital fund and the most active member of the Board 
of Governors. 

His home is in one of the most beautiful cottages in the city, on Pennsylvania avenue, 
adjoining his hotel. 



BIOGRAPHY -171 

LEWIS EVANS 

State Senator Lewis Evans was born at Estellville, in Weymouth township, in [842. 
His father, Samuel Evans, was a Quaker, and his mother, Emeline Estell, was one of a 
well-known family of thai name. Both arc now deceased, Fit- left home at the agi of fifteen 

years and soon Found employment in Camden as a messengei boy, bi thi cable had 

been laid across the Delaware He learned telegraph} and became an operator foi eral 

seasons, which secured his appointment as itation agenl at Uco for the G leu & Atlantic 

Railway. Later he was given charge ol .1 largei at Hammonton, till in [863, when 

placed in charge of the station in this city, lie continued in that po ition 1 
rs, till 1885, when he was elected Count) Clerk, holding thi lattei office two terms, 
or ten years He served foui years as Citj Clerk, [868, [869, 1X70 and [873, and was for nine 
years a member of the Board of Education, He helped to organize the first buildii 
loan association, md has since continued to servi a om of the directors He is also a 
director of the Second National Bank. 

Mr. Evans is one of the charter members of the Neptune Fire Company, and ha 
president of the company since its organization, fifteen yeai ago Mr. Evans i 
master of Trinity Lodge, F. and A M . and was for in, on yi 11 it ecretarj Hi i 1 pa I 

grand of American Stai I od I 1 idd I 1 Hows, and om 1 - tl lie I itj 

Hospital anil treasurer of the Board Hi is a Republican in politii md 
Senator in November, [898, by MM majority. 



WILLIAM E. FARRELL. 

William E. Farrell was born in St Louis, Mo., March 9, 1838. He was the son of John 
W. and Mary McKenny Farrell. The father was 1 thi wholesale dry goods 

business at that time. The first employment of the boj was in a country -tore at Smyrna, 
Delaware. From there he went to New York City and worked at first in some humble 

capacity for the wholesale di\ g 1- house of Joseph Fisher & Company. He had risen 

to be a salesman for this firm when he left them, in [866, and went to Philadelphia, where 
he became interested in the manufacture of paper at Pleasant Mills. N. J . then known 
from the name of the stream on which it was located as the Nescochague Paper Mills. 
This mill was first built in [861, and operated successfully till it burned down, in [878 

The Pleasant Mills Paper Company was incorporated the following year, with Mr. Farrell 
as President, and Herman Hoopes Secretary. The new and larger mill -tatted in Feb- 
ruary, [881, and has been in successful operatioi ■ Mr. Hoopes. a huh later, sold 

his interests to Mr. Farrell, who had at that time b< ne .1 member of the firm ol Bargh 

Farrell & Warren, papei deale: in Philadelphia. This firm later became the Nesco 
Manufacturing Co. In [887 Mr. Farrell retired from this firm, becoming the sole owner of 
the Pleasant Mills, which he enlarged and made more remunerative. In [892 he m 
a most estimable lady, Mi 1 ecilia G Hi lop ol Troy. N. Y. 

The business owned and controlled by him up to the time of his death. March o. [893, 
passed by will to his wife, the present owner, Mrs. L. M. Cresse, of Ocean City, X. J. 

The remains of Mr. Farrell lie in a beautiful grove near the famous old church, at 
Pleasant Mills, amid the scenes that he loved and where he passed the best year- oi ln- 
life. A handsome monument marks the spot and his memory will long he cherished by 
those who knew hi- worth He was a man of extensive reading and independent thought, 
generous to a fault, careful and exact in business. The paper mills which lie established 1- 
one of the few successful industries in Atlantic County at the present time 



472 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

REY. CALEB K. FLEMING. 

Re%'. Caleb K. Fleming, late of this city and county, father of John R. Fleming, M. D.. 
was born near Bridgeport. X. J., August 30, 1824. He was the son of John and Abigail 
Fleming and of Quaker descent. He was a farmer's son, and his school days were limited, 
having only one winter at the Seminary. He was converted at a Methodist altar, baptized 
by Rev. J. K. Shaw and united with the church at Paulsboro, where his parents then lived, 
January 31, 1840. While a student at Pennington he was licensed as an exhorter by Rev. 
Joseph Atwood, and as a local preacher by the Swedesboro Circuit. He was received on 
trial in the New Jersey Conference at Salem, April 21, 1847, and was ordained by Bishop 
Janes in 1840. He married Emma H. Stanger. of Glassboro. April 30. of the same year. 
During the fifty years of his ministry he served the following charges: Glassboro: Kings- 
wood: Moorestown; Medford: Broadway. Camden: Pemberton. Burlington, Sharpstown; 
Broadway, Salem: Millville. Bordentown; Tabernacle, Camden; Bridgeton, New Bruns- 
wick: Port Republic; Ocean City; Mays Landing; St. Paul's. Atlantic City; and Pleasant- 
ville. He was a much loved and successful minister. Many souls were saved and churches 
built up by his efforts. He never spoke from notes, and his sermons were of the plain, 
sympathetic. Gospel order. He filled some of the best appointments in the State, and was a 
devoted husband, father and friend. 

For his second wife he married Ann C. Collins, of Port Republic, April 28. 1892, and 
became a supernumerary in 1895. He died suddenly of heart failure while attending the 
Pitman Grove Camp Meeting, August 3. 1896. 

Two children. Mrs. E. A. Smith, of Collingswood, X j . and Dr. John R. Fleming of 
tin- citv survive him. 



JOHN R. FLEMIXG. 

John R. Fleming. M. D.. son of the late Rev. C. K. Fleming, well and favorably known 
in this county, was born in Camden. December 20. 185"). II]- early education came through 
the public schools. Later he attended South Jersey Institute, at Bridgeton. and at Pen- 
nington Seminary. He then studied medicine with Knox Stewart. M. D.. of Philadelphia, 
graduating from Hahnemann Medical College in 1882 Hi- first field of labor was on the 
main land at Absecon, where he introduced the practice of homoeopathy, having three well 
known opponents, then in active practice. The doctor, after five years of general practice, 
Kit behind no mean following of homoeopaths for his successor. He then moved to 
Atlantic City and established himself in his present location. His close associations with 
Atlantic City made him no stranger. He is the only President that the Homoeopathic 
Club has had in its three years existence. He is a member of most homoeopathic societies 
an.l enjoys professional work. In 1899 he wa- elected a member of City Council. 



JOSEPH FRALIXGER. 

Joseph Fralinger. the well-known manager and proprietor of the Academy of Music, 
was born at Batsto, X. J., October 22, 1848. His father was a glassblower, and the son 
knew no other kind of work till he was sixteen years of age. When he was eight years of 
father died and his care devolved upon an uncle. There would have been a hand- 
some fortune for the boy from the father's estate, but owing to the failure and death of 
Judge Joseph Porter, of Waterford. one of the promoters and builders of the C. & A. Ry.. 
there was nothing left for Joseph Fralinger. He worked at his trade as a glassblower at 
Winslow, Waterford and Philadelphia for sixteen years, when he became disgusted and 
quit the business owing to continued disputes and strikes about wages. He next found 
employment as a huckster in Philadelphia. He became known as a baseball player in his 
younger days, and became manager of the Quaker City club. With such noted players as 



BIOGRAPHY. 173 

Tom Pratt, Al Reach and Fergy Malone, he organized the August Flower club, which 
played in Atlantic City in 1884. While here he was offered the management of the Wil- 
mington club, and as manager he contracted bills that required him to sell all his property to 
pay Then, almost penniless, he came to this city and accepted the first job of work lie 
could tin J. which was to carry the hod tor contract..!- and Councilman Edw. S. Lee. Mr 
Fralinger was the only white hod carrier in the gang. He soon started a soft drink stand on 
the Boardwalk, selling cider which he made from apples brought from the Thoroughfare 
landing in a basket. He prospered and made friends, who helped him to build a cottage 
He became interested in real estate with Messrs Young and McShea, and had confidence 
in the success of Atlantic City 

He noticed the ready sale of salt water taffy, and that the business was not properly 
conducted. He went int.. the business and managed it properly and made it popular and 
prospered beyond his expectations, and has continued the business ever since. He became 
interested in toboggan slides and other amusement enterprises along the Boardwalk. With 
John L Young and Stewart R. McShea. he first built the Academy of Music, about [889, 
t'..r the use of Bartholomew's Equine Paradox, and soon alter, to meet a public demand, 
converted it into a theatre and playhouse, tin city no1 being provided with a resort ol that 
kind at that time. When completed and ready for rehearsal a tire starting near it 
spread to the building and burned it to the ground. In just four weeks it was rebuilt Mr. 
Corson, the contractor, being sick. Mr. Fralinger himself superintended the work. Bj the 
usi ..." stoves the theatre was kept ..pen during the winter In 1X07 Mr Fralinger t.ur. hased 
the interests of his partners. Messrs. Young and McShea. Before the paper, wer< 
out the Academy was again burned to the ground. A third time it was rebuilt, this time 
of brick and iron on the mosl approved plan, making it a model playhouse, the theatre and 
stores costing over $80,000. It seats comfortably 1,000 people lie has been interested in 
several extensive real estate deals, helping to ..pen up and build Chalfont and Westminster 
avenues. Mr. Fralinger devotes his time closely to the various enterprises in which he is 
interested, and ha- been 1 ed and encouraged by In- family in In- succi 



J( >IIX T FRENCH. 
John T. French, the well-known paint manufacturer of Hammonton, was born in Dela 
ware County, Pennsylvania. March 2, 1S51. His education was limited to the public schools 
After living in Philadelphia a short time he moved to Burlington County. X. J., and 
on a farm till he was sixteen years of age. when he returned to Philadelphia to learn the 
trade of a painter. In 1877 he engaged in the paint business on In- own account. 111 the 
town of Hammonton. In 1883 he began the manufacture of paint and established the 
Hammonton paint works and has prospered steadily ever since In politics Mr. French is 
a Democrat, and while living in a strong Republican town, has frequently held office. Ik- 
served three years as town assess,,.- and four years in Council, and four years, till [899, as 
Postmaster. He has for a number of years been a member of the County Board of Regis- 
tration. In 1888 he was a candidate for State Senator, and in 1X04 for Assembly He is 
liberal minded, enterprising and public spirited citizen, and has done much to advance the 
interests of his home t. iwn 



JOHN H. GARDNER. 
John J. Gardner, our present Congressman, was born in Atlantic County. October 17, 
1845. He established a residence in Atlantic City in 1856. His early opportunities for ob- 
taining an education were limited. He enlisted in Company G, Sixth Regiment. X J. \ ..1 . 
on August 9, 1861, and was mustered in August 26. He served in the ranks as a private 
until January 1, 1862, when he was enrolled as a corporal in Company F. 10. N. J Vol., 
being mustered in February 7. 1862. His commanders report that he conducted himself 
modestly and bravely until the day of his muster out, February 11. 1865. Soon after his 
return to this city, he was elected Mayor, filling the office during the years 1868 to 1872, 



174 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

inclusive, and also iS,-.| and [875. The following year he filled a chair in council chamber, 
and about the same time «as elected one of ilu- Coroners <>i" the countj In 1S77 he was 
elected State Senator from Atlantic County, and continuously re elected till he had served 
five terms, this being the only instance of the kind in the history of the State. His plurality 
over Absalom Doughty, Democrat, in 1877, was 98. over Thomas E French, in [880, 867; 
ovei Isaac Collins, in lSS.i. 356; over John B Champion, in [886, 51, with ,C4 votes cast for 
Potter. Prohibitionist, and over John T. French, in 1889, 224, with 230 cast for Wilbur, 
Prohibitionist 

lie wai chosen President of the Senate in [883, and was long regarded as the leader 
of his party in that bodj Me was chairman of the committee that investigated the election 
frauds ill Hudson County, the result of which landed a delegation of ballot box stullcis in 
State's prison. 

In 1884 Mr Gardner was a delegate at large from New Jersey to the National Conven 
tion at Chicago. Me has been a member oi the Siate Committee oi bis party for 

several years. Me is now serving bis fourth term as a Congressman, In [892 he was elected 

10 1 ongress 1>> a pluralitj ol 2124 votes ovei George IV Wetherill oi Burlington; in 1894, 
by 9,741, over Jonathan Haines ol \lt Holly; in 1896, l>\ [7,449 \otcs over Dr. Abram E. 
Conrovi of Moorestown, and in [898, bj 6,668 ovei John F. Hall of Atlantic t itj 

Congressman Gardner has main pleasing personal characteristics. He is an astute 
politician and an agreeable neighbor, l'.\ friends be 1 regarded as somewhat ol a political 

genius, having held office during the greater part ol hi, mature life. He claims this city 
as his legal residence, but his home is in Calloway township, near Egg Harboi City, where 
his family reside most of the lime. Me is a member ol Pequod bribe of Red Men and ol 

roe I fookei Post, G \ R. 

Me married Mittie, daughter of Andrew Scull, January 1, [873. They bad live children: 
Lamer, Mary. Josephine, Thomas and Albeit, The youngest was killed at a grade crossing 

at Egg Harboi City, Decembei 8, [899 The two oldest had previously died. 



W 1 111 \M G. GARDIN IK 
Win G Gardiner, \l D., is a son of Dr. David G. Gardiner, oi Philadelphia, and was 
born in the historic old town ol Bordentown, X. J., in [869. He was educated in the public 
schools of Philadelphia and graduated at Hahnemann Medical College, in [888, He be- 
came resident physician ill the Children's Hospital for a time, and then served as assistant 
physician in the general medical and ear department ol Hahnemann, Later he served as 
District Physician of Philadelphia. lie located in Atlantic County in [89S, giving a por 

tion oi his time to country practice Since that time he has relinquished bis countrj prac 
nee ami devotes his whole time to practice m this eu\ Me is .1 member oi the Homoeo 

pathic Club and the State Society, and is an Ibid Fellow and a Mason 

\\ 11.1.1AM 1 GARRISON 

Born at Monroeville, Salem County. X. J., September in. [869, His education was 
obtained during the winter seasons in the public schools, working on the farm being his 
Occupation during the summer lime until he arrived at the age ol seventeen, when he be- 
came bookkeeper for R, I.. Stem. Jr., at Monroeville. lie then launched out as a drummer 

on the 10. id, and l.iiei improved himself in the schools ol Philadelphia. He has the honor 

of having graduated first from l.autcrbaeh Academy. He afterward taught school at I'em 
berton lour months, and during all this time he continued studies with John C Henderson 
of Mt. Holly. He was admitted to practice in l8i)0, ami practiced in Burlington County 
until [897, and came to this city in September, [897. He became interested in real estate 

with S E, Reilly & Co. He was married in June, 1807. t" Miss Lizzie Hagaman, of ("ran 

bury, X J, One child has blessed their union. 



[OGRAPHY. 



1:1 IRRt )WS C G( tDFRE^ 



Burrow i I Ifrey, Esq., wa born in Cape May County, N. J., July 22, 1858 Hi 

father was a seafaring man The son graduated from the publii '1 1 al thi age ol 

seventeen, and taughl school for 1 veral yeai in his native county. He read law and finally 

graduated from the law department ol the University ol rem nd was admitted to 

Hi. bar in New Jersey in [894. He located in thi citj in [891, and has won the esteem 
and confidence of a largi 1 lii nti le, and is one of the principals in the law fii m ol 1 iodfrej . v . 
Godfrey. He is a member ol everal ecret ordei and is happily married, occupying a fine 
1 ottage "ii si 1 hai le : I '1 .1 . 



CARLTON GODFREY, ESQ. 

Our present City Solicitor wa born a1 Beasley'i Point, Cape May County, N J. ran 

nary 13, [865 He was broughl u] a farm and educated al the publii schools, and taughl 

chool for two yeai pn I ming to thi 1 itj to I" gin thi tudy of law with fami 

B.Nixon, Esq He was admitted to the bar at the Novembei term, 1889, and al onci bi in 

for himself. When \li Nixon decided to entei the ministry, M Ifrej bought oul his 

effect and good will, and has been on the upgrad 

fn 1893 he was elected Taj Collector, and wa n elected fivi ucce ive yeai In 1898 

in ucceeded to tl 1 1 1 itj Solicitoi upon the appointment ol Mr. Endicott as Law 

hull', ol the 1 "nun 

Mr. Godfrey is happily married and occupies a handsomi cottagi "" Ohio a enui 
11, 1 1 member ol everal of tin leading ecret order of the city, and pn ident and solicitor 

of the Real Estate and Investment C pany I' yeai igo hi ated with himself 

Mr. B. C. Godfrey, under tin fit .mi Ifrey & Godfrej Hi i ilso pn ident of the 

board ol directoi ol the Guarantee Safe Deposit ami uretj ' ompany. 



fOHN I. GORMAN. 

John L Gorman, of the well-known firm of Bell & Gorman, furnitun dealei 1 born 
m Philadelphia, February 20, [864, hi parcnti being fami I and I vdJa B Gorman He 
graduated from the Philadelphia publii chools in [880 and afterward look a bu im 
course at Hasting's West Philadelphia Academy, graduating in 1882. When he had com 
pleted Ins studies he equipped himself with a number of drawings he had made and upon 
their excellenci ecured a position with the firm of Wilson Bros & Co., Philadelphia, 

architect , with a view of let g the busine i, but at the <■ spiral ion of two years hi n 

that his health would not permit him to follow that occupation 

In [884 he obtained a position with the West Philadelphia Passenger Railway Company 
on the Market Street line a. roadway inspector. During the same year the Philadelphia 

Traction Company was formed and one of its first aels was to lease the line with which 

Mr Gorman was connected The following yeai he wa mad' purcha ing agent foi the 

company, which position he held until January, [888, when he wa again pro ted, thi 

time being appointed \ istant Superintendent thi dutii ol which po ition included thi 

purchasing of supplies and supervi ion ol ct nstrt .hop. V the company built 

all their own rolling stock and furniture, uch a office di I , etc., he had an opportunity of 

procuring a practical knowledge of construction, which, with thi purcl i and handling 

of all kinds of supplies he found quiti a help when In n olved to engage in hi pn enl 
business, buying Mi Scott' intere 1 and becoming a membei ol the firm of Bell & 1. 01 man. 

It was on January I. [896, thai Mr. Co, man moved to \llanl i, .ml since that time 

he has grown in the esteem of the public, who were quick to recognize ambition and 1 ntei 
pue rightly directed. 




ALFRED M. HESTON. 



BIOGRAPHY. 477 

ALFRED M. HESTON. 

Alfred M. Heston was born at Hestonville, Philadelphia, April 30, [854. He is a son 
of I. Morris and Anna Patton Heston and descended from one of the early Quaker families 
that settled in Bucks County during the life of William Penn. 

Mr. Heston finished his education in the- Philadelphia High School and was for a time 
employed on the West Jersey Press in Camden and later for several years was editor of the 
Chronicle at Bridgeton, X. J. He came to Atlantic City in [884, having purchased with 
John G. Shreve the Atlantii Review, the first newspaper established in this city. Later he 
became the proprietor and editor of the Atlantic Journal which he sold too a stock company. 
He was elected the first Comptrollet ol Atlantic City in 1.H05, when that office was first 
established and has continued in that position ever since. He was also appointed Com- 
missioner ol the Sinking Fund in [896, and is a very painstaking and efficient official. 

He has been active in many matters for advancing the best interests and popularity of 
this resort and is fond of antiquarian and historical studies. He is the author and publishei 
of lleston's Handbook, which for years has disseminated useful information and interesting 
sketches of this island 1 it j 

He has been an active and earnest Republican; was clerk of the House- of Representa- 
tives during the 51st Congress For several years he has been a tru tee of the First Presby- 
terian church. He ha beet ary of thi Board of Governors of the Atlantic City hospital 

and has been very active from the start in promoting this institution. 

lie occupies a fine cottage on States avenue, has a wife ami three daughters, one 01 
whom is a successful teacher since her graduation from the State Normal School. 



I Ml i( II \ HIGBEE. 

Enoch A. Higbee, Esq., was hom at Leeds Point. X J . April 22, 1863, is the son of 
Enoch and liethiah (Clarki High., lie was educated in the public schools at that place, 
and at the age of twenty-one elected Assessor of Calloway township, re-elected in 1886, l88g 
and [890. In 1885 he was appointed Postmaster of his native village and filled the position 
acceptably four years. In February, [892, In' registered .1- a student at law in the office of 
Hon, Allen I! Endicott, and was admitted to the bar three years l.itei 

In February, 1X94. President Cleveland appointed him Collector of Customs at Somers 
Point for the District of Great Egg Harbor, which position he held for five years and where 
he has since resided. In 1895 he was elected Borough Clerk-, which position he resigned 
the following year to accept the office of Mayor, to which he had been elected ami still con 
tinucs to hold, having been re-elected in 1898. fie is and has for several years been presi- 
dent of the school board and president of the fire company and actively identified with every 
movement for better government. 

As a lawyer he is painstaking and diligent, and has a reputation among business men 
as being careful, conservative and reliable. He has made a specialty of municipal law, and 
though young 111 practice, has been very successful and is attorney for several municipalities 
in the county. At present he is president of the liar Association of Atlantic County. He 
is all able pleader and a popular and pleasing public speaker, and the author of articles on 
local history of considerable interest and value. 



VALENTINE I'. HOFMAN. 

Valentine P. Hofmann, of Egg Harbor City, was born September 11. 1840. at Iphofen, 
Bavaria. In the year 1850 he emigrated with his parents to the United States, and landed 
at Baltimore, Md.. in August of that year His early life was spent in the Oriole City, where 



478 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

he attended sectarian and public schools. On March ig, 1858, he moved with his parents 
to Egg Harbor City, which at the time numbered about thirty houses. He resided there 
only a short time, moving out to Germania Station, on his father's farm, where he stayed 
until 1866, when he returned to Egg Harbor City. In 1872 he was elected City Assessor, 
and was re-elected every year until 1877. when Common Council, in November of that year, 
appointed him as City Treasurer in place of Ernest Adelung. deceased. This office he con- 
tinued to hold until March. 1886. In the years 1876 and 1877 he taught school at Gloucester 
Landing. In March. 1890. he was elected City Clerk, which office he has since held, and 
also the office of Secretary of the Board of Health. He was twice a candidate for Coroner 
on the Democratic ticket. From 1871. to January, 1899, he was Secretary of the Egg Harbor 
Agricultural Society. He is also Secretary of Atlantic County Board of Agriculture, which 
he has held for many years. He is one of the charter members of Union Lodge, No. 18, 
A. O. U. W., organized in 1882. and has acted as its Receiver since, excepting the year 1887. 
He is also Treasurer of the Egg Harbor Improvement Co.. and also acted for a number of 
years as Director and Secretary of Egg Harbor Commercial Bank. 

In 1879 he was married to Miss Fredericke Hohenleitner, and the result of their union 
were five sons, the three eldest living. In 1SS5 he acquired the tinware and stove business 
of his deceased father-in-law. which he has gradually extended, till it is now one of the 
largest stores in Egg Harbor City. 



MARTHA EMILY IK >< )PES. 

Martha Emily Hoopes, nee Watt. was born in Baltimore 111 1835. She was the young 
e-t of a family of six children, three buys and three girls. Her parents died when she 
was quite young, and the children were cared for by wealthy relatives. 

At the age of eighteen she married William Graham Hoopes, an iron broker "i Phila- 
delphia. She possessed unusual talent lor business and in the course of a lew years to 
help her husband's fortunes opened a boarding house and conducted it successfullj lor 
a number of years she continued the business on Walnut and Chestnut Streets. In 1874 
she came to Atlantic City and leased what was afterwards known as the Wavcrly. at Ohio 
and Pacific Avenues. She called it the Little Traymore. It had Hist been built by the 
late John L. Bryant and hail only twenty bedrooms. So successful was she in this ven- 
ture that in the fall she purchased of Mr. Bryant what has since been the Hotel Traymore 
property at the ocean end of Illinois Avenue. The building was not then finished and 
contained only thirty-two bedrooms. The price paid was $10,000; $2,000 cash, the balance 
mortgage. 

In 1880 Mrs. Hoopes enlarged the hotel to 69 bedrooms and four years later In [28 
rooms. Het enterprise and executive ability were remarkable. The Traymore was tin- first 
hotel in this city to have Us own gas plant, before the city plant was built, also the first 
elevator, and the fust large exchange instead of a small box office. Iler enterprise stimu- 
lated otheis to make extensive improvements, and greatlj increase the popularity of this 
resort and cater to all the year trade. In [886 Mrs. Hoopes sold the Traymore to \\ W. 
Green & Co. for $125,000. It has since been repeatedly enlarged and improved till it now 
contains 240 bedrooms, 50 bathrooms and is probably worth $500,000. 

Alter her retirement from active business Mrs. Hoopes lived 111 Philadelphia and added 
to her fortune by wise investments in various places, still retaining real estate holdings 
m Atlantic City. She was all her life a very courageous, independent and enterprising 
woman, possessing unusual tact and judgment in dealing with her guests and in business 
matters. 

Her youngest son. Louis Harvey Hoopes, is the only surviving member of the family. 
To I111.1 and his children she by will left her fortune. 



BIOGRAPHY. 47'.) 

WILLIAM GRAHAM HOOPES, Jr. 

The late William Graham Hoopes, Jr.. was burn in Philadelphia in 1856. He was the 
eldest of two sons of the late William (1. and Martha E Hoopes. He was educated in 
iIh public schools, graduating from the Philadelphia High School 

For eight years he was employed as clerk 111 the office of the Lehigh Valley Railroad 
Company till 1875, when he came to Atlantic City to assist his mother in the management 
of the Traymore. As her assistant he continued till the property was sold in 1S86, when 
he tinned his attention to achitecture. This bu ine he conducted iuccessfully till his 
death, which occurred suddenly and unexpectedly on February 20, 1898. As an architect 
his work possessed decided merit and helped greatly in the erection of more attractive 
cottages and. hotels. Some of the finest and most expensive buildings were remodeled 
or built from designs prepared by him. 

II- was .1 member ol the local Board of Health from April, r.891, till Ins death, and 
Pre ident of the Board alter [894. To his intelligent and con cientious work was largely 
due the efficiency of this important body His experience as a hotel man enabled him 
to appreciate the sanitary requirements of the city. 

lie was a Past Master of Trimly Lodge I'\ & A. M . and a member oi Trinity Chapter 
and Ohvii Commandery at Millville, N J. He was also an 111. and was an unusually 
bright and conscientious citizen. His sudden death at the early age ol forty-two yeai 
was a painful shock to a large circle ol friends who appreciated Ins friendship and worth. 



1 VPT \1.\ SHEPHERD S HUDSl IN. 

Captain Shepherd S Hudson, one of the oldest and best known sea captains of Atlantic 
County, was born in Delaware, June ,v>. [826. He came to Mays Landing with his father, 
the late Elisha E. Hudson, in 1832, and his home has been there ever since. The father was 
a manner, and at the age 01 eleven years, in 1837, the year that Atlantic County was organ- 
ized, the son was made cook for the crew on bis father's vessel. There were no public- 
schools in this county in those days. Winn eighteen year- old he was put in command of 
the sloop Hornet and engaged in trade with his father, lie was soon in command of larger 
vessels and has followed the business eve' since, over sixty years. The schooner- Helen 
justice, the Dove, the R i. Porter, the Mary I' Hudson, and the S S Hudson are other 
larger vessels that he has sailed. 

On Septembei 21, [846, Capt. Hudson married Mary P. Ingersoll; b. April 21, 1828; d. 
August 28, 1891. They had six children: 1 Amanda, who in ('apt I) F. Vaughn, 

November 22, [866, and bail two children: Mary (' . deceased, and Shepherd H., the archi- 
tect, who m. Lida Eldridge, and lives in Atlantii City. 2. Kale, who m. Melvin R. Morse. 
October 9, 1871, and had four children: Melvin II.. who m Cora M Sharp, and has one 
child: Bessie \\\. deceased; Amanda Y.. and an infant, deceased. ,i. Eva B., d. March 3. 
1855. 4. Mina, m. Clarence E. Morse, December 28, l88l, and has two children: Mary L. 
and Fayette W. 5. Marie, m., June 17, 1880, Capt. Frank R Davis, deceased, July 4, [892 
(1. Mary S., who lives at home 

During the Rebellion he was in command of a United States transport about York- 
town and Fort Fisher, carrying troops and ordnance for Uncle Sam 

He at present is commander and principal owner of the barkentine Jennie Sweeney, 
which he built at Mays Landing in 1876. 

Since his boyhood Captain Hudson has taken an active interest in politics as a Whig 
or a Republican, but he has never held office except that of Assemblyman, in 1889. 

Captain Hudson has not only made the remarkable record of never having losC>a 
vessel during his long service on the high seas, but there stands to his credit the proud 
record of having saved 51 lives from a wrecked steamer, for which he has never received 



480 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

any medal or public recognition whatever. A more gallant and heroic service perhaps 
never was performed by man than when this young captain of the schooner R. G. Porter, 
in a gale seven miles off Atlantic City, soon after midnight on Thursday, June 21, i860, saved 
51 out of 71 lives. The last five of the 51 wrecked sailors were saved from a furious sea, 
when the captain of those he had rescued protested against Captain Hudson's return to the 
wreck in the high wind perchance to find still others afloat. The skillful manner in which 
he handled his vessel is worthy of all praise. His crew consisted of E. Smith, mate; John 
Englison and William Taylor. 

The United States steamer Walker, under the command of Lieutenant John Guthrie, 
with a crew of 70 men engaged in the coast survey, was run into at 2.15 o'clock a. m. by the 
schooner Fannie, Captain Mayhew. bound from Philadelphia for Boston with 240 tons of 
coal. Lieutenant J. A. Sewell of the Walker was on the watch. The atmosphere was 
cloudy and the wind was blowing fresh from the northeast. It was a cold June storm. Both 
vessels had their lights burning, but neither one discovered the other till too late. 

The schooner, long and narrow and loaded, was unable to port her helm to avoid col- 
lision. She struck the Walker on the port side forward of the paddle box, badly injuring 
the steamer but doing the schooner no harm. She hung to the steamer a few minutes and 
then slid off. No man on board was seen or heard. She dropped astern and in ten minutes 
was out of sight. 

The Walker was found to be leaking badly and about to sink. The boats were ordered 
out and the vessel turned toward the shore. To prevent explosion the fires in the boilers 
were put out and steam blown off. Before the mainmast could be cut away the steamer 
went down. Besides the crew of 70 men there was one woman aboard, the wile of Lieu- 
tenant Sewell. In her night-clothes only she reached one of the boats with 21 of the men, 
one of them old and sick. 

This boat was fastened to a projecting mast by a light line when the R. G. Porter, 
Captain Hudson, hove in sight. The Porter was in ballast from Boston to Philadelphia, 
and came close to the steamer ten minutes after it had sunk. It was then nearly 3 o'clock 
in the morning. Men not in the boats, two of which had been smashed in the crash, were 
clinging to the driftwood and the wreck. The wind was blowing a gale and the sea was 
rough. All except enough to man the boats were quickly gotten aboard the Porter and 
made as comfortable as possible. 

By 8 o'clock in the morning 46 souls had been saved. The Porter had then drifted 
about five miles to leeward, when Captain Hudson determined to beat back to the wreck if 
possible to find other members of the crew adrift. The spars could be seen projecting 20 
or 30 feet above the surface of the sea. Captain Guthrie and his officers thought it would 
be of no use to try to get back to the wreck and strongly urged Captain Hudson not to take 
the risk in such a wind and such a sea. But he persisted, determined to save every living 
soul possible. Nearing the wreck a black spot was noticed on the angry sea, which proved 
to be the hurricane deck of the Walker with five men clinging to it. One of them was 
Lieutenant Sewell, who was so exhausted that he had to be lashed to the deck with ropes 
by his companions. These were gotten aboard about 10.30 o'clock. These five men were 
the last of the living to escape from the Walker. The remaining twenty were lost. 

Unable to enter Absecon inlet in such a sea. Captain Hudson made direct for Cape May, 
reaching that place at 4 o'clock on that Thursday afternoon, passing around the Point in 
full view of the big hotels, with colors at half roast. Crowds of people on the beach were 
startled at the sight and hastened out to welcome the rescued and destitute crew. They 
provided food and clothing and kindly cared for Mrs. Sewell. Before Cape May was 
reached Captain Hudson was sent for by Lieutenant and Mrs. Sewell, who after seven 
hours separation and a very perilous experience were happily united again and saved by 
the skill and bravery of Captain Hudson. They thanked him most heartily for saving their 
lives and the gratitude and thanks of the saved is all the thanks or recognition that Captain 
Hudson has ever received. 



BIOGRAPHY. 481 

From Cape May some of the saved got passage to New York and others to Philadel- 
phia. While a full report of this thrilling event was recorded in the United States Register 
of that date, up to the present time no medal has ever been struck and no recognition by 
the United States Government or any department thereof, was ever made of Captain Hud- 
son's brave and successful rescue of 51 out of a crew of 71 precious lives. 



ROBERT H. INGERSOLL. 

Robert H. Ingersoll. Judge of the District Court of Atlantic City, was born at Mays 
Landing, November 17, [868. In the public schools and about the court house of his native 
village he formed the tastes and laid the foundation for his professional career. He entered 
Rutgers College in 1884, at New Brunswick, and while there as a student for several winters, 
through the favor of Senator John J. Gardner, he served as a page in the State Senate and 
formed acquaintances and became familiar with legislative proceedings which make him an 
expert in those matters. He studied law with Hon. J. E. P. Abbott, the present prosecutor 
of the Pleas of Atlantic County, and when admitted to practice, in 1800, associated himself 
with Judge Allen B. Endicott, of this city. 

In [892 he was elected Coroner, and in 1895 was elected Alderman and President of 
Council. When the office of Recorder in this city was made a salaried position as a city 
magistrate Mr. Ingersoll was elected to fill the place for two years, 1896 and 1897. and he 
made an efficient and popular officer. 

Through his efforts, largely, the necessary legislation was secured to establish a Dis- 
trict Court in this city, whereupon Governor Voorhees appointed him the presiding judge. 

Judge Ingersoll is happily married to .Miss Emma, daughter of Hon. William H. 
Skirm. of Trenton, N. J., and has a beautiful home on St. Charles Place. 

Judge Ingersoll is active in fraternal societies, being Past Regent of the Royal Arca- 
num; Past Grand in American Star Lodge. I. O. O. F. : Pas) Master of Trinity Lodge, 
F. and A. M., and a member of Trinity Chapter, R. A. M. He has recently been appointed 
District Deputy Grand Master of the twelfth Masonic district of New Jersey. He is also 
an ex-lieutenant of the Morris Guards. 



EMERY D. IRELAX. 

City Clerk Emery D. Irelan, who is one of our most popular city officials, was born 
March 2, 1864. in Atlantic County. He attended the public schools of Philadelphia until he 
graduated under Henry M. Hallowell. He then became clerk for the Reading R. R. Co., 
but resolving to improve his mind still further, he resigned and returned to school for 
another winter. He then accepted a position with Schubert & Cuttingham, manufacturers 
of tackle blocks for vessels. In time he became an operator on a wood carving machine and 
joined the firm of William B. Allen, cabinet makers at Frankford. Later we find him, in 
1885. associated with Frambes, Somers & Co., in Atlantic City, lie served with that firm 
until the dissolution of partnership, whereupon he drifted to Birmingham, Alabama. Then 
he drifted into legal channels and took up the study of law under Carlton Godfrey. Esq,, 
of this city, which profession he foresook when he was elected City Clerk, in 1892. At that 
time City Council was equally divided, nine Republicans and nine Democrats, and desiring 
to break the deadlock, influential friends prevailed upon him to be a candidate for building 
inspector, which resulted in his election and the accomplishment of the object for which it 
was intended. The following year he was elected City Clerk, and has been re-elected con- 
tinuously since. Upon the last occasion he received the unanimous vote of both parties. 

It was not long before he was made treasurer of the Atlantic City Firemen's Relief Asso- 
ciation, the funds of which are derived from the insurance companies doing business in this 
31 



482 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY 

city, and are used for the purpose of assisting indigent firemen and their widows. He is 
trustee of the United States Fire Company, past exalted ruler of Atlantic City Lodge, No. 
276 P B. O. E.. and a member of the American Star Lodge. I. O. O. F.. Brotherhood of the 
Union. Knights of the Golden Eagle; organizer of Minerva Circle, B. W. H. F.. Pequod 
Tribe. I. ( ). R. M. He is a Republican in politics, and attends St. Paul's M. E. Church and 
Christ M. P. Church. He married Miss Emily Fabian, of Wilmington, Delaware. 



GEORGE W. JACKSON. 

George W. Jackson was born in Philadelphia in 1842. When two years old his parents 
moved to Camden, and there the boy was educated in the public schools. At the outbreak 
of the war Mr. Jackson enlisted in Companies 4, 5. 6 and 7. New Jersey Volunteers. He 
was promoted to a lieutenancy. At the close of the war he engaged in business 111 Phila- 
delphia as a contractor and builder, till 1879. when he came to Atlantic City and engaged 
in the bathing business with his accustomed energy. His first season was at the Ashland 
baths, below Pennsylvania avenue. In 1880 an important law suit pending affecting the 
title of the property, he purchased of John F. Star land at the foot of Virginia avenue, 
which has since become valuable. It was sold to the Steel Pier Company in 1897, for 
$150,000. Mr. Jackson had arranged to build the pier himself, hut finally joined interests 
with Kennedy Crossan, Dr. Filbert and others, taking a large interest in the pier and 
serving as treasurer of the company, lie owns extensive real estate and is the treasurer 
and active member of P. B. O. E.. No. 276. He is also a director of the Union National 
Bank. 



MARCF.LLUS L. JACKSON. 

Marcellus L. Jackson was born in Hartland. Maine. September 25, 184(1. He first 
came to Hammonton in 1S68. and spent one year fanning and teaching school. He went 
west for one year and back to Maine in 1870, and finally decided to locate in Hammonton. 
In the spring of 1871 lie opened a meat and provision store with Benjamin H. Bowles as a 
partner. At the end of three years Mr. Bowles retired from the firm and Mr. Jackson has 
successfully prosecuted the business ever since, having as finely equipped a country market 
as there is in South Jersey. INI r. Jackson has been a member of the Board of Freeholders 
since 1887. and for two years Director of the Board. For eleven years he was president of 
his building association, and for twelve years has been vice-president of the People's Bank. 
He was elected to the Assembly in 1895 by a plurality of 1.506. and in 1896 re-elected by a 
plurality of 3.405. Mr. Jackson i- a member of various societies and is the present Post- 
master of the town of Hammonton. 



J( IHN C. JACOBS. 



John C. Jacobs, late State Senator of Brooklyn. New York, was burn of Revolutionary 
stock in Lancaster, Pa.. December 10. 1838. He died in this city, the home of his adoption, 
at the close of a busy, useful life, on September 21, 1894. In his early youth he moved with 
his parents to Brooklyn, where he attended the public schools, served as errand boy in a 
law office, worked as a newspaper reporter and gained the power and influence which 
enabled him to achieve the success and triumphs at the hands of his fellow citizens. At the 
age of twenty, he was the political editor of the New York Express. In 1859 he became the 
legislative correspondent of that and several other newspapers at Albany. At the outbreak 
of the Civil War he became a war correspondent, and witnessed some of the fiercest battles 
in that great contest. In 1S67 Mr. Jacobs served with distinction in the New York Assent 



BIOGRAPHY. 483 

lily, serving seven year-, till [873 He was everal times a candidate for speaker and served 
on many important committees. In 1874 he was elected State Senator, a position which he 
held for eleven years, till 1885. That lie could have been nominated ami elected Governor of 
New York is a matter of history. In 1879 he was chairman of the Democratic State Com- 
mittee which renominated Lucius Robinson for a second term. John Kelly, the chief of 
Tammany Hall, desired Senatoi racob to tand for the nomination, which would have 
surely turned the tide in his favor. The Senator in his capacity as chairman would enter- 
tain no such motion and declared Gov. Robinson the nominee. Tile outer, me was thai A B 
Cornell. Republican, was elected Governor. On removing to Atlantic City for the benefit 
ol Ins shattered health, Senator Jacobs no longer took active interest in politics, but de- 
voted himself to his family. He became very much interested in the city of his adoption 
and promoted many local improvements. 



VLBERT M J( )RI)AX. 

Albert M Jordan. President of the Atlantic On Sewerage Company, its chief pro- 
motor and manager from the beginning, was born in Auburn, X. Y.. July 20, 1K47. His 
father was a printer. When the boy wa eight years old the family moved to the frontier 
town of Quasqueton, Iowa, where lived at that time more Indians than white people. 
There, with a partner, the senior Jordan started tin- weekly Guardian, a country newspaper. 
In the war of the rebellion the father enlisted and died in the army. After two years at 
Cornell College, Iowa, when he look an engineering course. Mr. Jordan came east to 
Philadelphia to learn the printing trade. He worked for four years for the firm which later 
became that of Allen. Lam & S. oil After holding for si\ months a position in tin Go\ 
eminent Printing Office at Washington, Mr. Jordan went back to Iowa and becami put 
owner of the Dubuque Daily Times. Hi' was active in politics and became a personal 
friend of Hon. William B. Allison. In Dubuque, Mr. Jordan devoted some of the best 
years of bis life to active journalism. He finally disposed 01 his interests in the Daily Times 
at a good figure, and in [881 came to New York, expecting to open an advertising bureau. 
He made the acquaintance of one Winfield Scott West, a civil engineer from Virginia, who 
had a patent system of drainage for level towns, and through the suggestion of bis father- 
in-law, the late Josiah S. Hackett, 01 the W. J. & S. R. R., Camden. Mr. Jordan pn> eeded 
to introduce the "West system" of sewerage into Atlantic City. He interested Dr. Board- 
man Reed, the late John I. Bryant and hading hotel men in the enterprise and accom- 
plished what was considered bj e an impossible engineering feat, that of laying large 

pipes eight and ten and fifteen feet below the surface in the water and quicksand of this 
island. He thus secured to this health resort sanitary conditions of inestimable value and 
importance. Mr. Jordan was made receiver of the company as first organized, and after 
the purchase at public sale by A. J. Robinson, a wealthy contractor of New York, he be- 
came superintendent of the reorganized company of which he is now pie idenl lie is the 

personal representative of Mr. Robinson, who is largely interested in real estate in this city. 



J. ADDISON JOY. 

J. Addison Joy, M. D., was bom October .7, 1X54. in Peru, ll;i.~. of Puritanic stock 
His early education was acquired in the district schools of that town 

When fourteen years of age his parents removed to Greenville. Ilk, where he attended 
high school for two years. In 1870 they returned east and located at Toms River, X. J. 

Here his studies were continued mostly under private instruction, ami in 1N74 he en- 
tered Amherst College, graduating four years later. After teaching a few years he entered 
the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, and graduated in 1884. 



484 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Immediately after graduation the doctor located in Luzerne County, Pa., and remained 
there until 1890. In June of that year he came to Atlantic City, and has since practiced 
here, gaining the confidence of the people and building up a large and lucrative practice. 

In 1886 Dr. Joy married Miss Nettie B. Clark, of East Hampton, Mass., and has two 
sons. 

The Doctor is a member of the Atlantic City Academy of Medicine, the Atlantic 
County Medical Association, the Legion of the Red Cross, and the Patriotic Order of the 
Sons of America. In politics he is a Republican. 



ARTHUR W. KELLY. 

Arthur W. Kelly was born at West Creek, Ocean County, N. J.. June 23, 1869. He 
finished the public schools and at the age of sixteen began teaching. After two years at this 
and a year at Pennington Seminary, he was for two years principal of the school in his 
native town. During this period he also did considerable work as a land surveyor. While 
teaching he began the study of law and later served a clerkship in the offices of George 
Reynolds, in Burlington, and Hon. Charles E. Hendrickson, in Mt. Holly. He was ad- 
mitted to the bar as an attorney in June, 1892, and as a counsellor in June, 1895. In July. 
1892, he opened an office in this city, where he has since remained. 

While studying law he also instructed himself in stenography, and in 1895 was ap- 
pointed by Judge Ludlow official stenographer of the courts of his circuit, consisting of 
Atlantic, Cape May. Cumberland and Salem Counties. 

In 1898 he published "Kelly's Questions and Answers," a legal work which has met 
with favor among law students and the bar. It is a compilation of answers to all the bar 
examinations for a period of fifteen years. 

Mr. Kelly is a member of Trinity Lodge, F. and A. M.. and American Star Lodge of 
Odd Fellows. He married Miss Annie Haywood, of West Creek, and has three children. 
In politics he i^ a Democrat. 



SAMUEL HASTINGS KELLY. 

Samuel Hastings Kelley has done more probably than any other one man to develop 
the district of Chelsea, which has rapidly become a refined and well regulated section of 
Atlantic City. 

Born in Philadelphia, September 4. 1857, he attended the public schools of his native 
town until he had been grounded in the English branches. During the years 1879 to 1882 
we find him in Chicago as travelling agent for the Pullman Car Company. He afterwards 
branched out as a stock broker and continued in this business until 1889, when he moved 
to Atlantic City. 

At this time, the territory now embraced within the precincts of Chelsea, was almost a 
barren waste, and Mr. Kelley consecrated his energies to the development of the region. 
How well he has succeeded is shown by the forty-eight houses which he has built and 
which grace the section where his own pretty home is located. Mr. Kelley deals in real 
estate, improved and unimproved. He handles his own property and confines his attention 
to the transaction of his individual business. 

In the spring of log; he was elected to City Council, and in the following year was 
appointed chairman of the sanitary committee. He at once resolved to secure the removal 
and enlargement of the garbage crematory, which he did, the improved plant at the meadow 
end i>t Tennessee avenue being a monument to his endeavors. He was also energetic in his 
endeavors to secure a cheaper light for the city and was instrumental in having the price 
per arc light reduced from $127.75 to $105 per year. Mr. Kelley, who is the father of three 



BIOGRAPHY. 485 

children, two boys and a girl, the eldest of whom is nine years of age, was a candidate for 
Mayor and a't another time for State Senator. He is a member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., the 
local lodge of Elks, attends the M. E. Church, and is a stalwart Republican. He is deeply 
interested in politics and his friends believe that the future holds rewards commensurate 
with his ability, standing and services to the party with which he has been affiliated since 
boyhood. 



L( HIS KUEHNLE. 



Louis Kuchnle, Sr., who died at his home in Egg Harbor City, August 7, 1885, was 
born at Hasmusheim, Germany, in iSjj. He was trained for tin- occupation of a hotel chef, 
and after emigrating to America, in 1S49, he found employment in some of the leading 
hotels of this country. He was employed in Washington, D. C. where President Buchanan 
boarded previous to coming to Egg Harbor City, in 185S. Here he opened the New York 
hotel and kept it continuously up to the time of his death. In 1852 he married Miss Kate 
Werdasin. They had three sons, George. Loui^ and Henry, who survive him. 

He was highly esteemed by his fellow citizens, was Mayor of Egg Harbor City several 
terms, was a member of Council and the school board for years, and represented his city in 
the Board of Freeholders for a number of years. He purchased and opened Kuehnle's 
hotel in this city, January 9, 1875. and placed it under the management of his son, Louis 
Kuehnle, Jr., who subsequently became the sole owner. 



EDWARD S. LEE. 



Edward S. Lee, who at the municipal election in March, 1900, was re-elected to Council 
from the Second Ward, a position that he has held continuously since 1888, is a son of John 
Lee. of Philadelphia, and was born in that city, October 22, 1857. He learned the trade of 
a bricklayer and mason and first came to Atlantic City in the employ of his uncle, the late 
GeDrge F. Lee, when he purchased the Hotel Brighton property in 1876. 

Mr. George F. Lee at that time was considered one of the wealthiest men in Philadelphia. 
He had amassed a fortune as a builder of gas works in many large cities, including Chicago, 
and was a pioneer in this city in providing accommodations for spring and winter guests. 
He was the first to build sun parlors along the boardwalk and a hotel for the winter trade. 

The nephew. Councilman Lee, had been employed on the Centennial Exposition build- 
ings previous to coming here. In 1877 he located here permanently and became one of the 
most extensive and successful contractors and builders. He was a member and treasurer 
of the board of health three years previous to his election to council. He has for years been 
an active member of the Neptune Fire Company and a public spirited citizen actively identi- 
fied with the progress of the town. He has been chairman of the most important committees 
of council and displayed unusual executive ability. 



JACOB H. LEEDOM. 

Jacob H. Leedom was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in the year 1825, and 
died October 13, 1895. He enjoyed the distinction of having been a passenger on the first 
train that ever made a through trip from Philadelphia to Atlantic City. That was in 1854. 
and the men who composed the crew of the train which carried brick and lumber, worked 
that eventful night by the light of their lanterns in order to lay the rails across the draw of 
the bridge, that is so familiar to the people of this city. True, trains had made trips from 
the neighboring metropolis to points near Absecon and the meadows prior to the night 
upon which Mr. Leedom made his memorable journey, but this fact did not detract fronv 



486 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

the interest attached to the incident in which the subject of this sketch figured. In his 
seventh year his father died, and his mother sometime afterward married a second time and 
removed to Baltimore, where the boy followed. He was then in his tenth year, and until he 
attained his majority he remained at home, devoting himself to school and the trade of 
tailoring, which he was soon master of. He was in his twenty-first year when his step- 
father died, and he then lost no time in removing his mother and the children to Philadel- 
phia, where he carried on the tailoring business for himself. Early in the summer of 1854, 
his attention was attracted to Atlantic City, and seeing exceptional inducements here, he 
established bath houses on the beach and returned each summer until 1878, when he moved 
to this city in company with Mrs. Leedom, whom he had happily married some years 
before. In 1885 he and Mrs. Leedom moved to the present handsome hotel, widely known 
as the Leedom, 10.3-165 Ocean avenue, near the Beach. 

He was an ardent Republican during the active years of his life, and during his residence 
here was Recorder of the city, and also acted as Mayor during part of one summer. He was 
a member of the Board of Health, almost since the day it was organized, and was acting as 
treasurer of that body at the time of his death. He was a profoundly religious man and 
was largely instrumental in the establishment of the First Baptist Church here. When he 
and Mrs. Leedom came to this city, they felt very much the absence of a place of worship 
of their denomination, and never rested until they saw the realization of their desires, the 
first meeting of the purpose being held in February. [880, and a permanent organization in 
July following with a membership of seventeen. He was elected Deacon. Treasurer and 
President of the Board of Trustees, and labored zealously for the best interests of the sect. 
Four years before his death, which occurred rather unexpectedly, he resigned the treasurer- 
ship, feeling that he was unable to perform its duties with that faithfulness to detail for 
which he was ever noted, in all his relations to civil and religious' life. However, he lived 
to see the church grow from a membership of seventeen to almost three hundred. It was 
one of the pleasant features of his life to revert to the time when the congregation of the 
First Baptist Church worshipped in a room on the second floor of the building then known 
as Mehler's Hall on Atlantic avenue. During the last ten years of his life he was a Prohi- 
bitionist and labored conscientiously for the success of the cold water party. He will also 
be recalled as a very religious, charitable and generally esteemed citizen of Atlantic City. 
His remains rest in Mount Moriah Cemetery and his widow conducts the hotel which has 
so long borne the honored name of Leedom. 



JOSEPH E. LINGERM \.\ 

Joseph E. Lingerman was born in Philadelphia, Pa.. March 1, 1844. At the age of 
fourteen years, he entered the employ of Hon. John P. Verree in the iron business, in 
whose employ he continued for 23 years. In 1881, after having accumulated a small amount 
of money, he came to Atlantic City and started in the hotel business. He built the hotel 
Runnymede on Kentucky avenue, which hotel be disposed of quite recently. He success- 
fully conducted the old Memorial House for several years. 

Mr. Lingerman has been particularly successful in business engagements, having built 
several cottages in this city. 

In 1890 he was elected a Justice of the Peace of the Second Ward, but declined to serve. 

He has been a member of City Council for the past six years and his popularity is 
attested by the fact that in his election to City Council, he secured the largest majority 
of votes ever obtained in the Second Ward. He is a member of Odd Fellows and several 
other societies. 

Mr. Lingerman was married in 1872 and he and his wife are now living a retired life in 
one of their pleasant cottages on South Carolina avenue, near the Beach. 



BIOGRAPHY. 457 

BARCLAY LIPPINCOTT. 

Barclay Lippincott, the well-known Philadelphia merchant and cottager in this city, 
was the son of Judge Benjamin P. Lippincott, a wealthy and influential member of the 
society of Hicksite Friends, in Salem County, N. J. He was born December 9, 1S16. in the 
old family mansion which is still standing near Harrisville, where several generations of 
Lippincotts have lived. 

As a young man, the subject of this sketch engaged in the dry goods business in Phila- 
delphia, having a store on Market street and becoming an extensive importer of cloths. He 
prospered and had been a cottager at Cape May for some years previous to his purchase ol 
a cottage in this city, in 1863, a building which is still standing, being a portion of Craig 
Hall, on Ocean avenue. 

Since i860 Mr, Lippincott and sons have been wholesale auctioneers, a business which 
since his retirement has been conducted by three of his sen 

Through his long and busy life Mr. Lippincott has scrupulously preserved untarnished 
the good name of this widely known family, and in the full possession of all his faculties is 
peacefully rounding out his more than four score years 

II'- married Mary Jones, win. died in 1X04. They had eight children, five sons and 
three daughters. Four of the sons, Henry C, Albert G.. Frank B. and George T. are. with 
the father, the surviving members of the family. 



WILLIAM B. LOUDENSLAGER. 

William B. Loudenslager, of the firm of Loudenslager Bros., at 1013 Atlantic avenue, 
was born in Philadelphia, of German parentage, September iX, 1851, and was one of a 
family of seven children. His father for more than thirty year-, was a butcher in the old 
Spring Garden Market. The son received his education in the public schools and learned 
the trade of a bookbinder. At the age of twenty-one he opened an office on his own account 
at Fifth and Walnut streets, and later at Tenth and Arch, where he conducted the business 
successfully for thirteen years. In June, 1885, he sold his bindery and came to Atlantic 
City to assist his brother. Henry C. Loudenslager, in the Ashland market, and has been 
here ever since. For one term of three years, 1892 to 1895, he served very acceptably as 
City Superintendent of Public Schools, and for eight years. 1892' to iyoo, he has been a 
member of the Board of Health. He has been associated with John L. Young, since 1894. 
in beach front enterprises, and has been very successful in real estate transactions. He suc- 
ceeded .Stewart McShea as President of the Beach Pirates Fire Company, a position which 
he still holds, and is a very popular officer. 



EDMUND II MADDEN. 

Dr. Edmund H. Madden was born in Millviile, July 27, 1843. When two and one-half 
years old his parents moved to Tuckahoe, where the son was educated in the pay schools 
of that period, becoming a surveyor. He attended Pennington Seminary two years and 
decided upon the study of medicine. He studied one year with Dr. E. L. B. Wales, the 
well-known practitioner at Tuckahoe, and graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1866. 
In November of that year he began practice at Absecon and has continued there ever since. 

Dr. Madden, like his father before him, is a life-long Democrat and conservative citi- 
zen. He stands high in the profession to which he has devoted his best years. He is a 
member of the county and Slat, medical societies and has frequently been mentioned for the 
highest elective offices in the county. 

He married Miss Temperance C, only daughter of the late Captain Theophilus Weeks, 
of Tuckahoe. They have eight children: May, widow of the late John J. Townsend; Eva, 
Edmund H.. Jr., Theophilus, who is associated with his father as a physician; Hosea I', 
Hannah. Leland S. and Herman Lester. 



48S DAILY UNloX HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

HOSEA F. MADDEN. 

Hosea F. Madden, who was elected High Sheriff of Atlantic County in 1852, and was 
State Senator at the time of his death, in 1877, was a glassblower by trade. His father, 
Hosea Madden, Sr., was born in England in 1785. He came to this country previous to the 
war of 1812, and was a member of a company known as the Light Horsemen. He was 
thrown from his horse and had a leg broken. He became one of the first manufacturers 
of glass at Glassboro, N. J., and later engaged in the same business at Port Elizabeth, 
where the son Hosea was born. He married Sarah Stanger, a woman of German birth, and 
died in his 38th year. 

The son followed the occupation of his father and married Catherine Burch. a native 
of Cumberland County. 

In 1847, on account of his health, he moved to Tuckahoe and engaged in farming, kept 
a general store, dealt extensively in wood and lumber and took an active interest in 
public affairs. In 1852 he was elected Sheriff, and in 1874 State Senator. He is remem- 
bered as a very courteous and popular citizen and official. He was the father of nine chil- 
dren: Edmund H, the well-known physician of Absecon; Braddock B., Thomas B., Sarah, 
Josephine, Eva, Catherine, Hope W. and Otis S. All are living except the last, who died 
January 23, 1896. 



JOHN E. MEHRER. 

Col. John K. Mehrer, who for years was the most popular man in Atlantic City, was 
born in New York City in 1845. His parents hailed from Wurtenberg, Germany, and 
finally removed to Philadelphia. About i860 the young man first came to this city to serve 
as barkeeper for the late Col. Adolf Mehler. till his death in 1872. During these twelve years 
he had proven his ability as a hotel man and entered the employ of the late Alois Schaufler 
as manager of his summer garden. In 1880 he formed a partnership with Adolph Schlecht, 
a son-in-law of Mr. Schaufler, and leased the property and business until its purchase was 
effected, in 1890. Messrs. Schlecht and Mehrer, the same year, became the lessees of the 
Inlet Pavilion, to which Col. Mehrer has given his personal attention every summer since. 
This successful and harmonious partnership continued until 1899, when the Schaufler prop- 
city was sold, Mr. Schlecht retiring and Col. Mehrer retaining the Inlet business. During 
his forty years at the shore till his death on February 28. moo. Col. Mehrer had always been 
an important factor socially and helped to entertain thousands, but would never accept any 
public position. He was affiliated with over seventy social, benevolent or business organiza- 
tions A thirty-second degree Mason, an Odd Fellow, an Elk, and a member of many 
German societies. He was chief marshal at the dedication of the first boardwalk in 1870, 
also at the celebration of the new steel walk in 1896. He was chief marshal at the recep- 
tions in this city of the Washington Light Infantry and Fifth Maryland Regiment in years 
gone by, when they summered at the shore. 

The Mehrer Rifles, a local military company which has since become Company F, Sixth 
Regiment, N. G. of N. J., was named in his honor. Col. Mehrer was a director in the 
Consumers Water Company, in the Atlantic Lumber Company, and the Gas and Water 
Company. He also has important business interests in Philadelphia, and during the winter 
months occupied a fine residence at No. 518 North Fifth Street. 

Col. Mehrer married Mary Crocket. They have one son, Everett, who married Katie 
Schwamb. Little Olga Mehrer is the only child and grandchild in the family. 



DANIEL MORRIS. 



Col. Daniel Morris, who died in this city on the afternoon of December 21, 1898, was 
born near Kingston, in the west of Ireland, in 1819. He was one of a family of five children, 
he having one sister and four brothers. He was more than ordinarily proficient in his 



BIOGRAPHY. 489 

studies, making rapid advancement and graduating as a civil engineer. He came to America 
a young man and tir>t found employment surveying fur the first railroads built near Phila- 
delphia, lie became associated with Patrick O'Reilley, of Reading, a successful contractor, 
ami when the C. & A. Ry. was built to this city, in 1854, hr came to this island resort to 
help survey the railroad and the town. Me soon became interested in real estate and was 
quite ucce nil. living in a modest way ami having no family, lh- owned at different times 
nearly all the beach front from Michigan to North Carolina avenues, which is now worth 
millions, also other acres at Chelsea, which are now immensely valuable Perhaps the most 
important real estate transaction with which he was identified was the purchase of the old 
Surf House property in 18711, for $30,000, and the subsequent sale of the property 111 building 
lots for more than $100,000. It embraced the entire square between Illinois, Kentucky, 
Pacific and Atlantic avenues, and the westerly side of Kentucky avenue from Pacific to the 
beach, now worth a million dollars. 

Col. Morris became a stockholder in each of the banks and other local corporations, 
lie never held any public position, but was always much interested in the success of the 
I), mocratic party, lie lived a blameless, honorable life, giving of his wealth freely to poor 
relatives, to churches ami to needy ami worthy persons. Few knew ol the quiet benefactions 
of this generous man. In [888 he was one of the Presidential electors ol New Jersey on the 
Democratic ticket. 

Col. Morris for years was the patron and helper of the Morris Guards, a social-military 
organization of young men of Atlantic City. He caused to be erected the large Armory 
building where chills and social functions are frequently held. This organization has been 
a decided advantage to hundreds ol young men, and ,1- Ion- as he lived Col. Morris took a 
keen interest in the success of the organization. In his will he provided that the Armory 
property should continue as such so long as the organization is maintained and its objects 
are promoted. 

Ills memory will long be cherished by the disposition which he made by will of his 
great fortune, which is estimated at oxer $200,000 Before he died he built and paid for the 
St. Michael Orphan Asylum at Hopewell, X. J. It is a large and beautiful stone structure 
dedicated to the orphan boys of this diocese and is conducted under the auspices ol the 
Catholic Bishop of West Jersey. This industrial school and home cost $75,000, and has 
from the residuary estate an endowment fund of $40,000 1 

Forty thousand dollars were set apart Foi an old man's home and other institutions for 
the helpless and worthy were generously remembered. The remains of Col. Morris lie in 
a granite vault near the school which for all time will be a blessing to hundreds of orphan 
boys. A handsome marble cross rises to mark the pure and blessed life work of this gen- 
erous man whose ashes repose there 



SILAS K. MORSE. 

Silas R. Morse, the well-known educator of this city, was born of good family in Liver- 
more, Maine, in 1840. As a lad he showed an aptitude for books, and at an early age 
passed through all the grades of the public schools. He was a sophomore at Waterville 
College when he enlisted during the war of the rebellion, while he was working his way 
through college. On reaching Washington he failed to pass the physical examination, 
when he came to Hammonton, N. J., wdiere his sister, Mrs. Ezra Packard, lived. He taught 
school successfully at Hammonton and Winslow three years, when he was offered the prin- 
cipalship of the schools of Atlantic City in the fall of 1865. 

He then married one of his advanced pupils. Miss Mary J., daughter of the late Dr. 
Joseph H. North, and made this city his home. He continued as principal of the schools 
of this city for eight years, and for seven years Mrs. Morse was one of his assistants. 

In 1866 and '67 Mr. Morse was a member of City Council, and was Tax Collector in 



490 DAILY UNION HISTORY I »F ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

i868-'6g. He served eight years as City School Superintendent. In 1877 he succeeded Rev. 
George B. Wight as County Superintendent of Schools. To the duties of this position he 
gave his best energies for fifteen years. He reorganized and greatly improved the condi- 
tion of the schools throughout the county. He introduced a regular course of study in 
ungraded country schools and became favorably known far and wide as a school man. He 
has been a member of the Atlantic City Board of Education ever since the charter amend- 
ments took effect in 1887. He helped to prepare the New Jersey school exhibit for the 
World's Fair at Chicago in 1893. and was appointed curator in charge of the exhibit there. 
So ably and acceptably did he fill the position that he has been continued as such ever since, 
and the exhibit made a permanent one in the State House at Trenton. In 1895 Mr. Morse 
was appointed a member of the State Board of Education. He is thoroughly familiar with 
the school laws and the public school system of the State, and is a very important adjunct 
of the State Superintendent's office. 

Mr. Morse has been fortunate in real estate investments during his long residence in 
this city, and has a comfortable fortune so that he can devote most of his time and efforts 
to educational work. 

He spends his summer in Maine, having a camp on the shore of Rangeley lake, anothei 
near Wayne pond, with headquarters at the old homestead at Livermore. He is an expert 
angler, having had the good fortune in 1896 to catch the largest salmon trout ever hooked 
at Rangeley, one weighing 13% pounds. 



MILTON L. MUNSON. 
Milton L Munson, M. D.. was born at Franklin, Delaware County, N. Y. His early 
education was received at the Delaware Literary Institute. He was a druggist in his native 
town for several years, till he decided upon the practice of medicine as a profession. He 
enterd Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1887, graduating in 1890, and in May 
of the same year located in Atlantic City. He enjoys the confidence of his iellow practi- 
tioners and the esteem of all who know him as a progressive, public spirited citizen. He is 
a member of the Atlantic City Homoeopathic Club, the American Institute of Homoeopathy, 
and the New Jersey State Homoeopathic Medical Society. 

TOBIAS McCONNELL. 
Tobias McConnell. the well-known keeper of the Atlantic County Almshouse and 
Asylum at Smith's Landing, was born .11 Philadelphia, November ,4. 1849. He is ot Irish 
parentage his father being the late John Logan McConnell, who came to tins country before 
mo, and for many years was a prominent grocer at Eleventh and Race streets Philadelphia 
He died in 1855 ' His mother was Eliza Mulholland, who for her second husband married 
Richard Benson and settled at Newtonville, Buena Vista township, in i860, when the subject 
of this sketch was about ten years old. They engaged in Earming and, excepting a few year... 
when Mr McConnell was employed as a lithographer in Philadelphia, he continued to live 
at Newtonville till he was chosen by the Atlantic County board of freeholders for his present 
position He has been a painstaking and popular official. In May. 1874. be married Emma 
Louisa Wishamof Burlington County, a descendant of French Huguenots, who found refuge 
in America during the close of the last century. They have two sons, Howard \\ ishatn and 
Walter Logan. 

EDWARD NORTH. 
Edward North, M. D., was born in West Waterville. Maine, July 29, 1841. He was 
the oldest son of the late Dr. Joseph H. North, of Hammonton. He was educated in the 
public schools of his native town, and Kents Hill Seminary. He graduated from Jefferson 



BIOGRAPHY. 491 

Medical College, Philadelphia, in the spring oi [868, previous to which he had been in 
mercantile business in Philadelphia. During the Civil War he was in the military hospital 
at Washington, D. C. He commenced the practice of his profession at Hammonton in 1868. 
but removed to Jefferson, Wis., in 1870. Owing to sickness he returned to Hammonton the 
following year, where he remained until 1880, when he ai 1 epti d a position with the Ferroll 
Iron Company, of Augusta County, West Virginia. There he remained two years, returning 
to Hammonton where he remained until his death 

1 successful physician Dr, North stood high among his brethren; as a skilled -urge, ,11. 
and Fearli operator, he had few equals. He was a member and president of the Atlantic 
County Medical Society and contributed papei ol pecial moo 1 to that body, to the 
medical journals and to Gross' System ol Surgerj Hi wa an industrious student, careful 
and painstaking, keeping abreast with the advancement of medical art. i Jr. North was a 
staunch Republican. He repri ented his party in Atlantic County for years, as chairman 
of the County Committee, Coronet and member of tl in 1884 and 1885. He was 

a thirty-second degree Mason. Past M l.r ;-,i I odge F and A. M., and a 

member of other fraternal societies. He was instantlj killed at a railroad crossing by an 
express train February 11. 1899. He was twice married. By his fir I wife he had three 
daughters. 



JAMES NORTH. 



James North, M . I ) . D, D. S . was born in West Waterville, Kennebei County, Maine, 
September 2, 1855. Came to Hammonton in (859, in who 1 1 ether with the State 

Normal School at West Chester, Pa., and Bryant & Stratton's Business I ollege in Philadel- 
phia, he was educated. He graduated from Jeffei on Medical College in [880, and pr: 
the profession of medicine in Hammonton for two years with ignal success, giving up the 

imi oi thi pi n ol denti try, taking tl I Doctor of Dental Surgery from 

the Philadelphia Dental ( ollege in 1883. 

lie located in Atlantic- City in the spring ol that year, and has by skill and attention 
built up the largest and most lucrative practici in South Jersey. The Doctor is a Past 
Grand Chancellor of the Scottish Rite and a thirty second degree Mason, Past Master of 
Trinity Lodge. Past High Priest of Trinity Chapter, Past Sachem of Pequod Tribe, Past 

Grand of American Stai Lodge, Past Ch f Ocean I 1 I '. 1 Regent of the R. A., and 

a popular member of some twenty other secret, fraternal and social soi ieties. As a speaker 
he has few equals, his speeches being models of beauty and eloqui nee. 

He enjoys the title of "Poet Laureate of Atlantic County," though his reputation 
master of verse is not limited bj its boi dii Do< tor is a Republican in principle 

and profession, but not an office seekei He was married in 1883 to Miss Cora E. Faunce, 
and has two daughters, Marj I liza and 1 ora Marguerite. 

JOSEPH HENRY NORTH. 

Dr. Joseph Henry North. Sr.. was born al 1 linton, Maine. August 25, [811. He 
uated from the Bowdoin Medical < ollege at Brunswick, Maine, in the class of '35, with 
honors, and commenced the practice of his profession at Belgrade, moving to West Water- 
ville, now Oakland, in 1840, wdiere he practiced successfully eighteen years. In 1858 he 
moved to Hammonton. N. J. Here he continued the practice of medicine, and at the same 
time gave much attention to fruit culture, having our ol the finest farms in this section. In 
1870 he retired from active practice, and devoted himself to the oversight of his extensive- 
farm lands. 

Dr. North was extensively engaged in the sale and exchange of real estate, and to his 
energy Hammonton owes much of its success. He was a skilled physician, as his professional 
brethren and the hundreds of his patients throughout Atlantic County can attest. His 



492 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

reputation was not wholly local, as the charge of the great fever hospitals around Washing- 
ton during the Civil War was offered to him. so highly was his skill in the treatment of 
fevers held. He was a learned man aside from his professional knowledge, a great student 
and brilliant conversationalist. He was married in 1840 to Eliza H., daughter of Hon. 
Joseph H. Underwood, of Fayette, who bore him seven children, all of whom are residents 
of Atlantic County. He died at the advanced age of Sj. at Hammonton. September m. [893 



RICHARD BOYCE OSBORNE. 

Richard Boyce Osborne, the "Father of Atlantic City," who was the civil engineer in 
charge of the first survey of the first railroad to this city and the city itself, was born in 
London. England, November 3, 1815. He married Eliza Graves, of Philadelphia. November, 
1842. and had seven children, five of whom survive him. Mr. Osborne died November 28. 
1899, at Glenside, Pa., in his 85th year. He was eminent in his calling, botli in this country 
and in England. He was largely influential with the promotors of the first railroad to this 
city, in overcoming obstacles which seemed insurmountable. But for him the founding of 
this resort might have been postponed many years. Later in life he was engaged in many 
important engineering works which added to his well-established plans. 



CYRUS F. OSGOOD. 

Cyrus F. Osgood, senior member of the shoe manufacturing firm of C. F. Osgood & 
Co., of Hammonton. N. J., was born in Auburn, Maine, September 10, 1841. Like many 
other Maine boys he taught school a few years, when his own education was considered 
finished. At the age of twenty, he went to Lynn. Mass., which, like his native Auburn, was 
a shoe-manufacturing town. He speedily found employment, but the war breaking out he 
enlisted in the Fourth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, under Col. King of Boston. He was 
with his regiment during its entire term of service, and at the close of the war returned to 
Lynn and the shoe business. In 1870 he came to Philadelphia and the following year became 
superintendent of a shoe factory at Elwood. N. J. In 1872 he began the manufacture of 
shoes in company with Calvin Johnson in Hammonton, where he has lived and prospered 
ever since. The present firm owns and occupies a large factory, equipped with up-to-date 
machinery and employs over ninety people the year around. This firm also owns and 
operates the Hammonton Shoe Co.. a separate business enterprise of the town, which for 
years was conducted by another firm. 

William J. Smith, the junior partner, before he was of age, was employed by Mr. 
Osgood and later taken in as a partner. He has been connected with the business twenty- 
one years and has given his best energies to the enterprise. 

Mr. Osgood for years has held various local offices. He w-as Postmaster four years, 
chosen freeholder two years, president of the Board of Education, president of the Work- 
ingmen's B. & L. Association, director of the bank, and other positions of honor and trust. 
He is a Past Commander of Gen. D. A. Russell Post, and a Past Master of the Masonic 
Lodge. He has been the candidate of the Democratic party for Assemblyman and State 
Senator, and one of the most popular and useful citizens of his town and county. He has 
a wife and two children. 



L. H. PARKHURST. 

L. H. Parkhurst, the town of Hammonton's representative in the County Board of 

Freeholders, was born in Ohio in 1845. He gained his early schooling in Milford. Mass., 

coming to Hammonton with his parents at the age of twelve and attending school there. 

He entered the army and became a first lieutenant at the age of eighteen, and took an active 



bi< »gp \ I'll ^^ 493 

part in the closing events of the rebellion. On being mustered out he went to Texa pro 
pecting along the Rio Grande, but returned and became a fruit grower of Hammonton, 
where he has prospered ever inci He has been active in town affairs and influential for 
the public good. He is president of the Fruit Growers' Association, in which for years 
he has In en a din ctor. 



J( )HN W PARS! >NS. 

John W. Parsons was born at West Creek, Ocean County, N. J., August 29, 1853. He 
attended the public schools at home and at Tuckerton till sixteen years of age, when he went 
to sea. He followed a seafaring life for twelve years \i tin age of twenty-one, he was 
master of a vessel. In 1880 he came to this city to live, finding employment as a carpi nter 
and builder. For a time he was a member ofthe Absecon Life Saving Crew and later a 
police officer, becoming a sergeant of police. In 1800 he collected mercantile licenses for 
City Clerk Irelan and was elected to Council from the First Ward, serving three years 
He was appointed by Mayor Stoj as Captain of the City Life Guards the first year this force 
was paid by the city. 

Since 1895 he has served with great acceptability as Mercantile Appraiser, a position 
which he continues to hold. His wife was Miss Belle, daughter of William Paul, of Mana 
hawkin, N. J. They have a comfortable home in Grammercy Place 



SAMUEL E. PERRY 

Major Samuel E. Perry was born in Huntingdon County, New Jersey, in [851, and is 
a son of Edmund Perr y who represented Huntingdon County in the State Senate and was 
president of that body in 1861. Major Perry studied law with Judge Randolph of the 

Supreme Court and was admitted to practice as an attorney in 1877. and as a counsellor 
in 1881. 

In 1878 he was Journal Clerk of the Mouse of Assembly, and in 1880 was a member of 
the Board of Education of Atlantic City. In the same year the Seacoast Artillery was dis- 
banded and then a new organization was attempted under tin' auspices of a number of the 
old members. The subject of this sketch was elected captain of the mw command, which 
was known as Company F, and was merged into the Sixth Regiment. 

During his career he has been identified with a number of important trials, notably the 
murder case of Burke is Tighe, the assault case of the Black Hussars growing out of a 
wicked attack on Sheriff Gaunt of Gloucester Count} Uso the case of Robert Elder, in- 
dicted for the murder of his father near Hammonton, in which he was senior counsel and 
associated with Judge Endicott. lie won a name in his defense of Eva Hamilton in August, 
1889. He was counsel of the Board of Freeholders of Hunterdon Count} at one time, as 
well as City Solicitor of Lambertville. 

He was delegate to the National Democratic Convention in 1896, at which time William 
Jennings Bryan was nominated, lie was classed as a gold Democrat and voted with his 
delegation as a unit under instructions from the State convention to vote for a sound 
money man. 

In 1879 he married Miss Bella Loomis, of Columbia County. Xew York, who has a 
birthright in the I). A. R„ her great-grandfather having been Major Cousins, who fought 
under General Putnam at Bunker Hill. Her mother was a schoolmate of Charlotte Cush- 
man and a niece of Daniel Webster. 

His mother, Mrs. I'.li/aheili V Perry, is still living at an advanced age at her old home 
in Hunterdon County. Xew Jersey. She speaks two or three languages, and at one time 
wrote an article against whipping in the Navy, which created a great stir, and Commodore 
Stockton is reported to have said that it did more toward abolishing the practice than any 



494 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

other agency. In her younger days, she was a great musician and a writer of some renown, 
under her maiden name of Elizabeth D. White, and articles under her name from her pen 
may still be found in the old Columbia magazines and periodicals of her day. 

His father. Edmund Perry, was classed with such men as ex-Chancellor Williamson. 
ex-United States Senator William Wright, the late Secretary Frederick Frelinghuysen, 
John P. Stockton and Frederick C. Potts. 

Major Perry was the tirst exalted ruler of the Benevolent and Protective Order of 
Elks of America in Atlantic City. He is an active member of the I. O. O. F., and delivered 
the oration at the laying of the corner-stone of < >dd Fellows Hall, this city. June 13, 1S0J. 
He is a Red Man. belongs to the Independent Order of Heptasophs. Judge Advocate of the 
Third Regiment, ex-Prosecutor of Atlantic County, appointed by Governor Wurts in 1893. 
and filled the position acceptably for five years. 



CLARENCE PETTIT. 

The subject of this sketch was born on the banks of the Maurice River, near Maurice- 
town. Cumberland County, X. J. His father was a prominent farmer in that section, and 
the son, like many- well-known Americans, passed his first years on the farm, attending 
school in winter and devoting his spare time to reading and study. Graduating at the public 
schools at the age of nineteen, he engaged in teaching for a time and subsequently was em- 
ployed by Daniel Loder, a brother-in-law. and by the Cumberland Glass Company of 
Bridgeton. 

To prepare himself for the law he entered Pennington Seminary, and while there won 
a competitive prize in debate, evincing powers of mind and speech, so essential in his pro- 
fession. He was one of the founders of the Dickinson Law Society of Dickinson College, 
while a student there, and became a member of the Carlisle Bar while connected with the 
office of Hon. Theodore Cornman. 

Mr. Pettit was admitted to the New Jersey Bar in February. 1897. and by strict atten- 
tion to his clients' interests is building up a lucrative business. He takes an active part in 
literary and church affairs, and is a member of the governing board of the Central M. E. 
Church. 

Politically Mr. Pettit is a Democrat, and is a cousin of the late Hon. Leon Abbett, 
twice Governor of New Jersey 

WILLIAM M. POLLARD. 

William M. Pollard, M. D.. Superintendent of the Public Schools of this city, was born 
at Turner. Me., in 1855. He finished his academic education at the Nichols Latin School, 
in Lewiston, and then taught school for a period of five years. He was principal of the 
schools at Port Republic, and at Hammonton, X. J., before he entered Jefferson Medical 
College, where he graduated in 1882. He located in this city and has made a speciality of 
the diseases of the ear and eye. In 1895 he was chosen Superintendent of the Public Schools, 
a position he is well qualified to fill. He was elected president of the Academy of Medicine 
in 1898 and 1899. 



BENJAMIN WOOD RICHARDS. 

Benjamin Wood, son of William Richards, was born at Batsto. November 12, 1797. 
He graduated from Princeton College at the age of eighteen, and decided to enter the 
ministry of the Presbyterian Church. The delicate condition of his health compelled him to 
change his plans and seek health in extended travel through the South and West At the 
age of twenty-two he entered mercantile pursuits in Philadelphia, and becoming interested 



BIOGRAPHY. 495 

in municipal affairs, was elected first to Council, and in [827 to the Legislature. He was 

instrumental in securing the first appropriatioi m the State for public schools in Phila 

delphia, and did much for the cause of education. He was one ol the original members 
of the Board of City Controllers, and was one of the State Canal Commissioners when he 
was chosen Mayor to succeed George M Dallas, who resigned in 1829 Council elected 
the Mayor at that time for a term of one year. He later served two full terms as Mayor, 
iSjo-'.v A life size portrait ol him in oil, bj fnman, now hangs in the Mayor's private 
office in the City Hall. It was presented to the City ol Philadelphia bj one of his sons, 
Benj. Wood Richards, Jr., at the suggestion of Mayoi Stokli y, some years ago. 

Mayor Richards was one of the founders of the Blind Asylum, an early manager of the 
Deaf and Dumb Asylum, a trustee of the University, a membei of the Philo ophical So ietj 
President Jackson had appointed him a direct 11 in the United States Hank and a director 
of the Mint, but he resigned these positii 11 becoming Mayor. During his administra- 
tion Stephen Girard died and he became one of the directot ol Girard College. 

With other prominent citizens, in 1835, he organized the Laurel Hill Cemetery As 
ciation ami the following year founded the Girard Life Insurance, \nnuity and Tin 1 1 om 
pany, the first insuranci company in America, and was its president until his death. He 
was a courageou benevolent, enterprising man and made a decided impress upon his 
asi ociates and the city of his adoption. He was of tall imposing figure, long con idered one 
"i the handsomest men in Philadelphia, as his portrait indicates. He was married in 1821 
to Sarah Ann, daughter of Joshua Lippincott, and left seven children, four sons and three 
daughters. He died July t2, [851, aged 53 years His wife died March 19, 1862. Hi n 
mains were interred at Laurel Hill. 



.1 ' »NX RICHARDS 



1 1 in 



John Richard [01 manj years the owner and operator of the Old Gloucester I 

Works, now a 1 ha, ,,i i gg Harboi 1 ity, wa 1 nd cousin of Samuel Richard . the 

ownet 01 Weymouth Iron Works II. was the -.on of Jame and Mary Richards, and was 
born June 5. [784. In 1X07 he left his home in Pennsylvania and eamr I.. Hal, to, finding 
employment with his great-uncle, William Richards He later became assistant managei 
and for sixteen years chief manager of Weymouth Work-,, then owned by Jo eph Ball and 
his associates, the founders. In [830, ten yeai after the death of "Ball, he formed an equal 
partnership with Thomas S Richards and purchased ol Samuel Richards the GIouci tet 
estate comprising some [7,000 acre ol iron bogs and timber lands for $35,000. Thi pet 
sonal estate purchased cost $15,000 more. The property then included a saw and grist mill, 

an iron "n" apable of producing twenty five tons of iron week!} Stows, lamp posts 

and other articles were made thi 1. to advantage tor more than twenty yeai - In [854 John 
Richards sold his Gloucester interests to Dr. Henry Schmoele of Philadelphia and removed 
to his country seat. "Stowe," in Montgomery Comity. Pa., where he died November jo. 
1871. He wa the fathei 01 , ven children. 



SAMUEL RICHARDS 

I:-. Cll in 1 -, K Coi WELL. 

A history of the development and improvement of South Jersey during the past fifty 
years, failing to do justice to the part taken by Samuel Richards, formerly of Jack 0,1, in 
Camden County, would be indeed incomplete. Although a merchant of Philadelphia F01 
many years and of late a resident there, his interests were thoroughly identified with New 
Jersey and his efforts toward the improvement of what is usually called South Jersey were 
unceasing. 

Of vigorous and handsome physique, marked personality, untiring energy, he was a 
vorthy descendant of a line of ancestry distinguished for the same qualities 01 most 



496 DAILY UNK >X HIST( >RY I )F ATLANTIC C< »UNTY. 

sanguine temperament, his plans were matured with rare judgment, and although always 
years in advance of public opinion, the progress of events has never failed to prove that 
Samuel Richards' schemes were well founded and in the right direction. 

Of great ingenuity, he was inventor and owner of a number of valuable patents, more 
than sufficient to prove that, if his talents had been given a fit opening in that direction, he 
would have taken a high place among inventors. 

As early as 1850 he began to plan for a railroad across New Jersey, in part with a view 
to benefiting the existing glass and iron industries which languished under the difficulties of 
transportation, partly for the development of the vast tracts of land lying idle in Camden 
and Atlantic Counties, lands then generally deemed useless for agricultural purposes, and 
also with the intent to establish a seaside resort upon the beach front. 

Long Branch at the upper end of the New Jersey coast and Cape May at the southern 
extremity had been favorite resorts for many years, because accessible by boat, but the 
whole extent of the beach front between was a barren waste. 

Along the fast land, bordering on the salt marsh, which separates the beach from the 
"shore," there was, for almost the whole length of the coast, a strip of improved land. The 
inhabitants were usually either marines, fishermen, oystermen or in some way connected 
with the sea. There was much wealth among them. As they had been so long completely 
isolated, it was to be expected that they would welcome and assist in building a railroad 
which would bring them into direct communication with Philadelphia. Mr. Richards 
worked unceasingly at his plan for a railroad across the State and finally, in the face of 
almost insurmountable difficulties, brought it to a successful issue. 

It has not been shown that the inhabitants of the Jersey shore failed to welcome the 
railroad, but the records show that they did very little to assist in the construction of it. 
In this, the solitary item of the financial aid expected to be derived from this source, Mr. 
Richards' expectations and calculations were proved to be much in error. It was, however, 
quite in character witli the man to be unable to allow for so great caution or lack of appre- 
ciation of prospective benefits. 

It cannot be successfully denied that Samuel Richards was the orinigator of the first 
railroad to the Jersey coast, or that he was the founder of Atlantic City and of the Camden 
and Atlantic Land Company, which has done so much for the city. 

It has never been questioned that he was '.he originator and creator of the second rail- 
road to Atlantic City, the building of which has made Atlantic City what it is and which 
enabled it to establish a record for continuous and uninterrupted prosperity and increase 
of values almost unequalled by any other city. 

This second railroad was built in the face of natural difficulties equalling those en- 
countered in his previous effort and proceeding from the same cause, i. e., the difficulty of 
imparting his own forethought to others less gifted. In addition it was necessary to en- 
counter and overcome a most bitter and determined opposition aroused in those interested 
in the first railroad, who believed its prosperity to be threatened. All this Mr. Richards 
did. almost unaided in the actual work and at times impeded by dissensions within the new 
company. 

In the building of this road, fifty-four miles in length, he accomplished the then un- 
heard of feat of grading, laying the track and opening it for business in ninety days from 
the time work was begun upon it. 

This road, after the vicissitudes common to such enterprises, passed into the control of 
the Reading Railroad and was the origin and foundation of that magnificent double track 
line now known as the Atlantic City Railroad. 

His enterprise, perseverance and ingenuity caused the building of the first railroad 
across the State, and this rendered possible the establishment of Hammonton, Egg Harbor 
City, Elwood, Atco and many other flourishing towns. In this sense he was the founder of 
each and all of these. The opening of Atlantic County by the first railroad to the coast was 
the first cause of the explosion of the belief that Jersey land was worthless for agricultural 



BIOGRAPHY. 497 

purposes. Mr. Richards' enterprise rendered possible the planting and profitable culture 
of the many thousands of acres in grapes, berries, fruits, and truck farms in Atlantic and 
adjoining counties. 

Mr. Richards for several years occupied the position of Assistant President of the 
Camden and Atlantic Railroad. During this time he was, in fact, the executive officer of 
the road. 

Among many other marked improvements introduced by him into the management, 
conducive to extension of the business and greater economy, was the attention he gave to 
the prevention of forest fires, which had been set by the locomotives of this road in great 
number and most destructive in extent. He gave the closest personal attention to this 
matter, aiming to procure the best apparatus for arresting sparks from locomotives, to see 
that, after being procured, they were used, and to disciplining locomotive engineers and 
firemen guilty of negligence in this regard or, as was then not infrequently the case, of 
purposely setting fires. 

For his effort in this direction, Mr. Richards deserves the gratitude of every one in- 
terested in the preservation of the forests of New Jersey. Although destructive fires from 
this cause have continued to be frequent up to the present time, he was the first person, 
perhaps the only one, connected with railroad management to give this matter attention. 
By his efforts a large extent of forest which, at the rate it was being destroyed, would un- 
doubtedly have been burned with the rest, has been preserved up to the present time. If 
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad had then been made to pay for the damage done bv 
fires set by its locomotives, as it would be at this time, it would have gone far to bankrupt 
the struggling concern. Immediately upon Mr. Richards' assumption of the executive 
office there was a decided decrease in the number of fires set, and this state of things con- 
tinued during his term in office. 

One of Mr. Richards marked peculiarities was his inability to look on at the doing of 

any difficult piece of work without showing a disposition to assist in, as well as, direct it 

a disposition he not infrequently indulged. 

This with his unfailing kindness and justice to those under his control made him a 
most popular officer. Although so many years have passed since he ceased to have official 
connection with either railroad, he is remembered with affection by the old employees. 
So long as he lived, they never ceased to inquire for his welfare. 

It would be impossible within the space of this necessarily brief sketch to do justice 
to the genius, talents and many excellent qualities of this remarkable man. Enough has 
been said to demonstrate that no other man has done as much for the development of South 
Jersey as Samuel Richards. 

He was best appreciated by those wdio knew him best. 



JOHN COLLINS RISLEY. 
John Collins Risley, the good-natured real estate man. who holds forth in the office 
known as Risley and Cavileer, 1311 Atlantic avenue, was born at Smith's Landing in 1S57. 
Educated in the county schools, he came to Atlantic City in the summer of 1877 and 
worked in the Atlantic market for two years. ]U then entered the employ of the P. R. R. 
and continued with that corporation for six years. He next became an attache of the 
Daily Union, remaining for two years. For four years he was in the employ of I. G. Adams 
& Co., and having a liking for the real estate business, he became associated with Clifton 
C. Shinn, Esq., in the firm of Shinn & Risley. the partnership continuing for two years. 
The firm was then dissolved and the subject of our sketch for a year carried on the business 
alone. Then he and W. K. Cavileer formed a partnership which is influential not only in 
real estate, but insurance and conveyancing as well. He is interested in promoting up-town 
property and to him belongs much of the credit of its improved condition. 
3i 



498 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLAXTIC COUNTY. 

JOHN J. ROCHFORD. 

John J. Rochford. proprietor of the Rochford Hotel Apartment House of this city, 
was born in New York City in 1854. When a young man he went west with his father, 
the late Robert B. Rochford, who was a contractor for the erection of State and county 
buildings in Wisconsin. Illinois. Nebraska and Wyoming. Selecting medicine as his pro- 
fession, the subject of this sketch devoted two years to preparatory study in the city of 
Omaha. When the vast mineral wealth of the Black Hills country was discovered, in 1875, 
he went there with thousands of others and became identified with the organization and 
developing of what have since become the best known and most profitable mining proper- 
ties there. He suffered financially like thousands of others from the great slump in mining 
interests and the financial depression consequent upon the demonetization of silver. There 
was an exodus from the Black Hills during the years 1888. '80. '90. Mr. Rochford came to 
Chicago, where he became interested in an institution for the cure of inebriety and a craving 
for narcotics. 

At the solicitation of Eli C. Woodward, in 1893. he came to Atlantic City, where it 
was proposed to build a sanitarium, capitalized at 8J5. 000 and promoted by Drs. Willard 
Wright. T. P. Waters and Job Somers. The business was conducted successfully for a 
year and remarkable cures effected, but the full development of the enterprise failed when 
Mr. Rochford organized a sanitarium association with a broader scope and incidentally to 
meet the needs of this city for an emergency hospital. 

The first year. 1894. the Carrolton, on New York avenue, was leased and a contract 
made with the city for $500 rent and $5 per week tor all cases treated for the city. 

The purchase of the Margate property at Pacific and Mt. Vernon avenues enabled Mr. 
Rochford and associates the four years following to conduct a successful sanatorium busi- 
ness and to give the city excellent hospital and dispensary service. The latter becoming 
the unprofitable and objectionable feature of this institution Mr. Rochford. at considerable 
expense to himself, called a meeting of representative citizens ana helped to organize the 
present hospital association with a board of fifteen governors with the view of a separate, 
independent institution. He encouraged the purchase of the Henry J. White property on 
Ohio avenue and co-operated cheerfully and generously with the board of governors who 
were selected and organized in his house at his suggestion. The sanatorium was finally dis- 
solved. Mr. Rochford becoming the sole owner, and the property converted into the present 
fine hotel apartment house, the first and only one of its kind on the island. 

In 1882 Mr. Rochford married Emma J. Riley, of Chicago. They have one child, Miss 
Mabel, a young lady. 

JAMES RYON. 

James Ryon. of Smiths Landing, was the oldest son and third child of the late Pardon 
Ryon and Elizabeth Adams, who settled at Smiths Landing early in the century. He was 
born in 1830. The father was a farmer and store keeper, and the son has been a prosperous 
farmer all his life. He married Caroline, daughter of the late Absalom Cordery, of Abse- 
con, and raised a family of five children, three sons ami two daughters. The sons are Wil- 
lard, Edward and Lewis, and the daughters. Anna and Elizabeth. 

Mr. Ryon has been one of the best known and most highly respected citizens of his 
native town all his life. While holding no prominent public position he has been a pros- 
perous, useful citizen, a liberal supporter of the church and public schools and every worthy 
cause. 

PARDON RYON. 
Pardon Ryon. of Smiths Landing, was born where he has always lived, on May 22, 
1839. He was the youngest son of the late Pardon Ryon and Elizabeth Adams. The 
father was born in Connecticut, and came to Atlantic County early in the century, settling 



BIOGRAPHY. 49'J 

on the short and engaging m farming and keening a country store. There were eight chil- 
dren: .Marietta, who m. Peter Tilton; Emeline, who m. John Cordery; James, who in. 
Caroline Cordery; Alice, who m. Elijah Adams; Caroline, who m. Samuel Cordery; Matilda, 
who d. when a young woman; Eliza, who in Bowan Tilton, and the subject of this sketch, 
who m. Emeline. daughter of the late John Frambes. 

After completing his education in the district schools. Pardon Ryon engaged in farm- 
ing, and for thirty year- kept a general merchandise store at the old homestead, where he 
prospered and was widely known, honored and respected a- a good citizen and a business 
man of the strictest integrity. 

He raised a family of three sons: John, who m. Maine Ireland; Frank, who m. Clara 
Treen. ami Arthur. The sous follow the occupation of the father and live at Smiths 
Landing. 



AL< lYSIL'S SCHAUFLER. 

The pioneer German citizen and resident on this island was Aloysius, better known as 
Alois Schaufler. He came here before the railroad, as early as 1852, many times walking 
the entire distance between the Delaware and the sea. lie was born in Baden Baden, Ger- 
many, in 1818. in humble circumstances. In 184N. when thirty years old, he became in- 
volved with many others of liberal, independent views, in resisting the oppressions of the 
Prussian King, and considered himself fortunate to escape with his life and come to 
America. He found employment in Philadelphia, three or lour years before coming to this 
city. He was poor and never had educational advantages and struggled under great dis- 
advantages at first till fortune favored him. "Jordanville," oceanuard from Maine avenue, 
was his first hotel or restaurant. Later, through the encouragement of Judge Joseph Porter, 
he started a hotel near the railroad station at North Carolina avenue, which developed in a 
few years into Schaufler's Hotel and summer garden, that entertained members of the best 
families of Philadelphia and Washington. 

To Mr. Schaufler's second wife. Barbetta Schercher, much credit is due for his pros- 
perity and success Her excellent management made the hotel popular. Adjacent prop- 
erties were purchased till nearly an entire square was included, and the hotel several times 
enlarged and improved. The real estate which he secured for a few thousand dollars has 
recently been sold for more than $100,000. 

In 1871 he was elected a member of Council. He was a man of progressive ideas and 
helped to build the turnpike over the meadows, to grade and extend Arctic ave.nue and make 
the city more attractive to visitors. By his second wife, Barbetta Schercher, there were 
three children : Annie, who married Adolph Sehlecht; Dr. Charles, a veterinary surgeon oi 
Philadelphia, and Caroline, who is married and lives in Philadelphia. He had several 
brothers who followed him to America. He died at his home in this city in 1881. a third, 
wife and several younger children also surviving him. 



LEWIS PENNINGTON SCOTT. 

Lewis Pennington Scott, our popular County Clerk, is a descendant of two well-knowm 
Jersey families. His father, the late John Hancock Scott, of Burlington City, was a de- 
scendant of Henry Scott, one of the London Ten Commissioners who secured from the 
Crown 10,000 acres of American soil in what is now Burlington County. John Hancock. 
Scott was a contractor and railroad builder. He had the contract to build the glass works 
at Estellville, this county, in 1834. for John and Daniel LstellT w hen he formed the acquain- 
tance of Miss Mary, daughter of John Pennington, of Mays Landing, who became his 
wife. He died in southern Virginia, in 1874, wdiere he had a contract to build a section of 
railroad. The mother is still living. 



500 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

Tin- subject of this sketch was the youngest of nine children, and was born in the city 
of Burlington. February 9. 1854. He was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia. 
and for several years was an actor of considerable promise, and for a number of years a 
commercial traveler in the carpet trade. He came to Atlantic City in 1888, forming a part- 
nership with William A. Bell, under the firm name of Bell & Scott. In 1895 he was elected 
County Clerk For a term of five years, and is more than likely to be his own successor. His 
administration of the office has been marked by decided reforms in having the records of 
the office double-indexed and all the work conducted in a strictly up-to-date manner. 

Mr. Scott is largely interested in real estate, and has been very successful. By his first 
wife he has one daughter. Isabelle G. Scott. For his second wife, he married Catherine, 
eldest daughter of Captain Daniel Gilford, of Mays Landing, and has three children. Gifford. 
Lewis and Daniel. 



HEXRY S. SCULL 



Harry S. Scull is a native of Atlantic County, having been born at Leeds Point m 1849. 
lie is the sun of Leu is W. and Esther Smith Scull. In the common schools he received 
his early education, and in 1865 he entered the Quaker City Business College, graduating 
in 1807. In the same year he was engaged by Curwin. Stoddart & Brother of Philadelphia, 
where he remained until 1881. Hood. Bonbright & Company were his next employers until 
1884. He then retailed dry goods in Camden until 1880, when he came to this city and 
opened a dry goods store. In 1805. he embarked in the real estate and insurance busi- 
ness. He was a member of the Board of Health from 1S90 to 1898. and secretary of the 
same body four years. Since 1890 he has been a member of the County Board of Elections, 
and has been secretary of the Board since the first passage of the ballot reform law. 

He is secretary of the Ventnor Dredging Company and has been engaged in reclaiming 
the low' lands of Chelsea and Atlantic City for several years. He has always taken a deep 
interest in matters affecting the health and well-being of the community, and is connected 
with the State Sanitary Association, American Public Health Association, and was State 
delegate to the National Pure Food and Drug Congress which lasted four days and had 
for its object the passage of a bill by Congress providing for governmental control of food. 
drugs, etc. He is one of the governors oi the Atlantic City hospital, and is a popular 
citizen. On October 18. 1808. he married Miss Mary A. Bruna, of Philadelphia. They 
have nine children: Florence 1". . wife of Isaac Bacharach; Lewis B.. Maie F... Harry 
DeMar. Nan B.. Frank R.. Emil C. Charles L. and Helene M. 



LEWIS W. SCULL 



Lewis W.. son of Paul and Sarah Steelman Scull, was born at Leeds Point, N. J.. 
May 2. 1819. He was educated in the pay schools of Galloway township, and at the age 
of twenty-one entered the service of the United State-, sailing 111 the brig Washington, 
under command of Commodore Sands. U. S. X. who was at that time engaged in the 
work of the Coast and Geodetic survey. He continued in tin- service five years. In 1846 
he married Esther S . daughter of Steelman Smith, a soldier of the war of iSu 

Air. Scull was a teacher in the district schools of Galloway for a number of years, and 
was appointed Postmaster at Leeds Point under President Buchanan, holding the office 
for four years. For twenty years or more he held elective local offices. Township Clerk, 
Township Committeeman. \--<--o. or Collector. 

From 185S to [865 he was a resident of Atlantic City for a greater portion of the year, 
where he was engaged in the house painting business, and was one of the original grocers 
of Atlantic City, opening a -tore in April. 1858. under the firm name of Scull & Barstow, 
at the corner of Atlantic avenue and Mansion House Allev. in the basement of the Barstow 



BIOGRAPHY. &01 

House, moving from there to their new store building .it the northwest corner oi Atlantic 
and Pennsylvania avenues in June of the same year 

Mr. Scull came from good old Revolutionary stock; Ins mother being a daughter of 
Capt. Zephaniah Steelman, and a niece of .Major John Steelman, both holding commis- 
sions in the Third Battalion, Gloucester County Militia On his paternal side his ancestry 
dates back to the fifteenth century, Sir John Scull being one of the original twelve Norman 
Knights created by Duke Robert of Normandy, for gallant services rendered him. during 
the insurrection excited in his favor, and which resulted in securing a large portion of 
Old England to the Duke's family.- A couple of centuries later, or. to be exact, in 1685, 
John and Nicholas Scull came to America in the good -hip '"Bristol Merchant." Nicholas 
located in Pennsylvania ami later became Surveyor Genera! for that State. John Scull 
located first on Long Island, and later moved to Great Egg Harbor and became one of tile 
valued citizens of that day. Mr. Scull lived to the good old age of So years. His death oc- 
curring in October. 1898. 

He had two children: Ellar M . who died in [878, and Harry S . the well-known resident 
and official of this city. 



WILSON SENSEMAN 

Wilson Senseman, the well-known real estate agent of this city, was born in German- 
town. Pa.. May 10. 1848. He was educated in the public schools, in the Philadelphia Sem- 
inary and at Nazareth Hall, conducted by the Moravian- in Northampton County. Pa. 
After graduating he took a course in Fairbank's Business Academy before entering the 
service of the dry goods firm of Ludwig. Kneedler. Jr., & Co.. where he continued for 
twenty-one years. On account oi Ins health he moved to Atlantic City to reside permanently 
in [886 having bei 11 a summer cottager here for many years previously. He ooened a real 
estate office at IO.^O Atlantic avenue ami ha- conducted a successful business ever since. 

In 1872 he married .Miss Ida Conderman, and they have one son. Theodore Senseman. 
who is a successful young physician. 

At the March election, in iSqt. Mr. Senseman was elected Alderman by a good majority 
on the Democratic ticket, and was at once chosen President of Council. He discharged the 
duties of his position with ability and impartiality that met with very cordial appreciation. 
During this same year he was appointed by Gov. Abbott one of the Lay Judges of the 
county to succeed Judge Enoch Cordery, deceased, and the following year was reappointed 
tor -, mil term. He served with dignity and acceptability till the law providing lor lay 
judges was repealed. Mr. Senseman is an active member of the First Presbyterian Church 
and a citizen of positive views on all public question-, lie 1- descended from influential 
Moravian families and has the courage of his convictions 



WILLIAM ERNEST SHACKELFORD. 

William Ernest Shackelford, who is largely identified with the business life oi this city, 
was born February in. 1871, in Columbus, < din. At the age of five years, his father died, 
leaving the sole responsibility for his care to his mother, who moved at once to Lancaster. 
Pa. Six years later we find young Shackelford, who even at this age was evidencing the 
traits which have already brought him prosperity, employed at Sharpless Brothers, Phila- 
delphia, to which city he and his mother had removed. From this house he went to the 
office of the Land Title and Trust Company, wdtere he remained two years. < (pening bil- 
liard and pool parlors, he conducted the same until [895, during which years he became very 
popular among the younger set. and at the time of hi- departure for Harrisburg to engage 
in the same business, he was regarded as the champion billiard player of Pennsylvania and 
had made fine records in gunning and swimming, heme always deeply interested in sports 



502 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

of all kinds. It was in January. 1806. that he came to Atlantic City, and on the 12th of 
October of the same year lie married Emma, daughter of Captain John L. Young, the pier 
magnate. Mr. Shackelford had in the meantime been installed as manager of the Young 
Amusement Company, and has since looked after the interests of his father-in-law both on 
Young's Pier and at the Carousel at South Carolina avenue and the Boardwalk. Mr. and 
Mrs. Shackelford have been blessed with a son. a chubby youngster, born May 15. 1899. and 
the "living image" of his mother. Their married life has been one glad, sweet song, and 
their home one of the coziest and happiest in the city. Mr. Shackelford traces his ancestry 
back to 1634 in the city of London. His great-great-grandfather was at one time Lord 
Mayor of the metropolis of England. While his genealogy discloses prominent English 
connections, yet Mr. Shackelford feels that his family may lay claim to being pure Ameri- 
cans, as three or four generations have claimed this countrv as the land of their nativity. 



HARYEY J. SHUMWAY. 

Harvey J. Shumway. the well-known architect, was born in Belehertown. Mass. No 
vember 27. 1S65. He finished his education at Rutger's College. Xew Brunswick. X. J., in 
the class of 1888. He opened an office in this city in 1S95 and has been very busily employed 
ever since. Some of the buildings which he has designed and supervised are the Thompson 
Irvin department store, the Hotel Chelsea, the Hotel Grand View; and some thirty or more 
cottages, stores and business blocks. He is a painstaking, conscientious and up-to-date 
architect. 



THOMAS J. SMITH 

Thomas J. Smith is the son of James and Mary (Jones) Smith. of Steuben. Maine. Of 
his own family none survive: but two half-brothers still live: James Smith, of Hammonton, 
and Edward Kent Smith, who has never left the town of his birth. 

Job Smith, their grandfather, and the first of the line of whom we have record, was 
born in Middleboro. Mass.. and there married Diadama Booth. He moved to Taunton, 
Mass.. and from there to Steuben. Maine (1792), for the purpose of dealing in lumber and 
establishing saw-mills on the many swift running rivers in that section of the country. 

The sons, William. Eben and Stephen, were members of the State Legislature at differ- 
ent times as representatives from Washington County. 

Thomas Jones, his grandfather on his mother's side, is a descendant of a Governor of 
Massachusetts, was born in Princeton. Mass., and married Sarah Whitcomb. \- a boy at 
Lexington, Mass.. he witnessed the first conflict between the British anil American force-. 
the opening gun of the Revolution, and died in Steuben. December. 18(14. 

Col. Asa Whitcomb. father of Mrs. Sarah Whitcomb Jones, and great-grandfather on 
the maternal side of Thomas J. Smith, was prominent in Colonial times. He was one of the 
much extolled fifty-four representatives of Massachusetts Bay Colony, wjiose refusal to 
obey the mandates of the English King contributed to bring on the Revolution. He was 
afterwards Colonel of the Fifty-third Massachusetts Regiment, and was one of Washing- 
ton's trusted advisers, and was several times mentioned eulogistically in his general orders. 
Flis brother, John Whitcomb, Major-General of the Xew England Militia, was the Xew 
England candidate for Commander-in-Chief against Washington, hut withdrew on account 
of his advanced age, in favor of the younger Virginian. 

Lieutenant William Moore, another ancestor on the maternal side, served with dis- 
tinction during the Revolution, and remained in the regular army after that conflict, joining 
the Society of the Cincinnati. 

Thos. J. Smith was born in Steuben, Washington County. Maine. February 25. 1820. 
and has had a somewhat varied career. He attended the village school until a boy of four- 



BIOGRAPHY. 503 

tctn. when his grandparents, wishing him to become a sea captain, sent him with his undo, 
Capt. Jefferson Jones, as cabin boy on a voyage to New < Irleans. Returning he spenl i - 
eral months in Boston, but decided to give up a sea faring life, and came home to learn tin- 
trade oi a mason and builder. 

During the northeast boundary disputes, commonly remembered in that section as the 
"Aroostook War." he enlisted and was made a sergeant, but the trouble was finally settled 
without bloodshed. 

Soon returning home, and when only eighteen years of age, he engaged in mercantile 
trade, cutting and shipping timber by vessel to Boston, and bringing back dry goods and 
groceries to supply his store, 

January _>o. 1842, he married Thankful Haskell Cleaves, also a descendant of Revolu- 
tionary stock, and who is still living. For eighl yeai he lived in Steuben and held several 
offices of importance, being School Agent foi several years, also Town Collector and 
Treasurer. 

In 1850 he moved to the adjoining town of Millbridge, and for ten years held the office 
of Constable, lie says. "I held the office of Constable all the time I lived in Millbridge, 
about the same as Deputy Sheriff in New Jersey— I had the same fees as Sheriff, hut could 
not charge above two hundred ($200) dollars on any one suit— I held the office under the 
\ea! Dow Law. and destroyed more or less liquor." Being attracted by glowing accounts 
of the salubrious climate, ami also the great natural fertility ol the soil oi south New Jersey, 
he left Maine in i860, with his wife ami seven children, and settled in Hammonton, New 
Jersey. He bought what was then called "The Penobscot 1 1. .use." soon afterwards build- 
ing a home on Vine street, where he lived with his family for twenty years or more. 

He was engaged in the lumber and contracting business for many years, anil has been 
closely identified with the growth of Hammonton in many ways, holding positions of trust. 
being a Justice of the Peace for five years, and a Director of the Building Association for 
twenty-five years: also a Director of the People's Bank, lie is -nil .nine, though nearly 
eighty years of age. in looking after his property interests. He is a member of the Pr'es 
byterian Church, and was for a number of years its chorister. In political belief hi has 
always been a strong ami consistent Republican 

His family consists "I Gilbert I... who enlisted in the war of the Rebellion at the age 
of twenty-one. was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, and died at home two years 
later; Augustus J., who was for seventeen years clerk of Hammonton, and lor the past 
thirtj years actively connected with the financial institutions of that place. He married 
Wary B. Quinn, and has a family of three sons and two daughters and three grandsons; 
lately moved to ( )cean City. N. J., where he is the leading ice and coal dealer. Mary J.. 
the wife of Henry D. Moore, of Haddonfield, N. J , has raised a family of three sons and 
two daughters, and has nine grandchildren. Khialhan II.. who also enlisted in the war of 
the Rebellion at the age of fifteen, was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, and died two 
months later in Libby Prison Hospital. Antoinette, who was married to Capt. Frank Tom- 
lin. resides in Hammonton. and has two sons Harriet J., who became the wile of Curtis 
S. Newcomb, also resides 111 Hammonton. William J., the youngest, who married Abbie 
S. Hudson, has one daughter, and is a member of the firm of C. I'". < >s^ 1 & Co., of Ham- 
monton, N. J., the most successful shoe manufacturers ill southern New Jersey, and one of 
the leading financial men ol that place; and has large interests in the Building Association 
and People's Bank, of which lu- is a Director. 

Thos. J., the subject of our sketch, has had seven children, thirteen grandchildren, and 
twelve great-grandchildren, making a total of thirty-two, and during the lift\ eight years of 
his married life has lost only two sons, Gilbert and Klnathan, and one grandson, Gilbert H. 
Moore. A remarkable record when coupled with the fact that the two s,,ns died from 
wounds and exposure 111 the army, and not from diseases contracted at home. 



504 DAILY UNK IN HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

RICHARD Si >M ERS 

Captain Richard Sorhers, who gave his brave young life for his country in the harbor 
of Tripoli on the night of September 4. 1804. was born at Somers Point. September 15. 1778. 
He finished his education in the city of Burlington, and entered the n.iw as a midshipman 
in 1803. He saw his first actual service during the naval war with France, which began 111 
1708. He was a midshipman on the frigate United States. Captain John Barry, and among 
the other officers were David Ross, James Barron. Charles Stewart ( Parnell's grandfather 1. 
Stephen Decatur. Jr.: Jacob Jones. James R. Caldwell and William Montgomery Crane, all 
of whom attained distinction. The frigate took two Frenchmen, the Amour de la Patrie 
and the Tartul'e. but was otherwise inactive. Then the war with Tripoli came on. and it 




COL. RICHARD SOMERS' MANSION AT SOMERS' POINT. 



was there that Somers proved hov, sweet and fitting a thing it 1- to die for one's name land. 

Returning to Philadelphia he took command of one of the Government armed schooners 
called the Nautilus, of about too or 170 tons burden, mounted with twelve [8-pound car- 
ronades and two ,i\ t ^, with a crew of oo to 100. 

In the engagement of August 3, 1804, before the harbor of Tripoli. Somers was in 
command of the first of the six gunboat- In each of the five attacks that were made Somers 
distinguished himself. When he found that he could not get at the enemy through the 
eastern passage to the harbor he pitched into the Tripolitan gunboats at the northern en- 
trance, chased them away and up to within a hundred yards of a big twelve gun batten 
which the enemy had not dared to use for fear of luttmg hi- own living boat 

When the American turned to go back there was nothing standing between him and 
destruction, but just at the critical moment an American shell exploded in the battery, blew 



BIOGRAPHY 505 

nil the platform ;m<l did so much damage thai Somers and his men were safe before a re 
covery could be had The morning of August 7 the attack was renewed by bombardment. 
Right in the middle of it the John ^dams hove in sight bringing the news of Somers' pro- 
motion. August 24 and September 3 othei attacks were made 

Somei i conceived .1 bold and daring undertaking for the liberation of his fellow coun 
trymen then held as prisoners. Ills thoughts he communicated to Com Preble, hi supi rioi 
officer; who in turn consulted with Decatur, Stewart and other commanders in the squadron. 
The plan was accepted, a ketch prepared, one hundred barrels of gunpowder emptied in a 
bulk 111 her hold; on her deck was placed large quantities oi balls and missies of different 
kinds and sizes with fuses properly prepared, to explode in the inner harbor of Tripoli 

Several starts una- made upon an enterprise, the desperation of which was perfectly 
well known to all who took pari in it. Finally a nighl sufficiently dark for the purpose 

came, on Septi mbei 1 S ers wai 1 mmand, and In- had sworn never to be taken alive; 

Henry Wadsworth, a midshipman, from whom Ins nephew, the poet Longfellow; wai 
named; Joseph Israel, another midshipman, who had been refu ed permission to no. but 
hid himself aboard and was permitted to remain, and ten sailors, four from the Nautilus 
and i\ from tin- Constitution, made up the equipment. 

Mi. [ntrepid passed into tin- darkness. The minutes seemed hours t,, the anxious 
officers on the fleet outside It left at eight o'clock, and a few ininuti late: ever) battery 
in the harboi was ablaze at the intruder \t ten o'clock Stewart and Carroll, standing on 
tin dei k of the Siren, saw a dun light moving in a waving line as if being carried along a 
ship's deck It disappeared in a moment and an instant later there was a terrifii explosion. 
One oi the enemy's largest boats was blown up tilled with soldiers, and iw> others were 
badly shattered 

From that moment to the present tune, the fate ol Master Commandant Somers and 
hi bravi crew have remained i-n darkness to the Vmerican nation Such brave and. patriotic 
acts oi Somers and his brave crew could not pass unrecognized by the officers oi Com 
Pn Me or the American nation In the year of 1X115, the officers oi the Mediterranean squad 

ron caused to he erected at the west front of the National Capitol, ol Italian niarhle. a 

beautiful monument forty feet high, in a verj elaborate style Up is summit stands the 

American eagle guarding the escutcheon of American liberty ami preparing, seemingly, to 
winn his flight heavenward 

'lints stood this monument, until the burning of Washington by the British in [814, 
when it was very much defaced ami injured. In after years by an act of Congress it was in 

a very great degree restored to its original beauty, then transferred to the grounds of the 
Naval Va,lein\ at \nnapolis, where it now stands a living monument, erected to the 

111, u ol" one of the sons nf New Jersey: ye . to One Ol the hoys of Smileis I', nut, win, 

11 about si\ and one hall years caused his name to he written high on the roll of fame in 
our country's history. 

W \I.TKk ('. SOOY. 
Walter c Sooy, \l li. was born at Vbsecon, N. J . September 21, t86g, and completed 
his public school education by graduating from the Atlantic City High School, He grad- 
uated from Hahnemann Medical College in the class of [890, and opened Ills office 111 this 
city, at once building up a successful business, lie is an active membei ol the Homoeo 
pathii t ink and is highly esteemed bj his associates and all who know him, lie is happily 
married to Miss Alida II. Thomas, of ("ape May County. 



JAMES Dt IBBINS SOUTHWICK. 
I. Hues Dobbins Southwick was born in Vincentown, Burlington Countj Decembei 
25, 1859. His parents, Joseph ami Buelah I.. Southwick. were members of thi S tj oi 

Friends. He graduated from the public schools in [878, and sin years later came to Atlantic 



506 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

City, as manager of the Hotel Shelburne, a position which he has fil ally over 

since. The popularity and success of The Shelburne is largely due to the painstaking and 
up-to-date management of Mr. Southwick. He is a member of several fraternal and bene- 
ficial societies, and is a popular host and entertainer. He is a staunch Republican in poli- 
•iK'h he was elected Alderman, ex-officio member of City Council in [896, and has 
been re-elected each year since, serving four terms. In 1892 he married Deborah Kinnard 
and has one child, a daughter. Mary K. Southwick. He i> a public spirited citizen, actively 
interested in all enterprises projected to advance the interests of this re-ort. He is chair- 
man of the County Board of Registration and one of the governors of the City Hospital. 



AUGUST STEPHANY. 

August Stephany was born in Nordhausen, Germany. December [6, [841. He came 

to America in 1858. and for seven years was employed in the office ol the New York Staat- 
Zeitung. In 1805 he removed to Egg Harbor City, which was then almost in its infancy. 
He was largely instrumental in building up this German settlement and was a hard worker 
in advancing its growth. From 1870 up till the time he was admitted to the bar. in Feb- 
ruary. 1881, he held the positions of City Clerk and Justice of the Peace. He then opened 
a law office in Atlantic City, and on January 1. 1.884. formed a partnership with the late 
Harry L. Slape, and the law firm of Slape & Stephany continued up to Mr. Slape's death, 
in 1887. On January 1. 18.15. he established 'he law firm of A. Stephany & Son, Robert E. 
Stephany being the junior member, which existed until the death of the elder Mr. Stephany. 
The deceased was the first president of the Atlantic County Bar Association and a prominent 
member of many societies, He wi - I itj So icitor of Egg Harbor City lor many years, and 
was connected with the Egg Harbor Commercial Bank and other business institutions. 
About 1895 he removed from his home in Egg Harbor City and became a permanent rOsh 
dent in Atlantic City, where he continued the' active practice of his profession until his 
death, on June 9,-1898 

On his death, the Atlantic County Bar Association ado]. ted the following resolutions': 

"The Atlantic County BarAssociation, in meeting assembled by call, beg to present 
their most respectful and personal condolence to the family of Mr. Stephany in their great 
bereavement. 

"It will be allowable to saj thai not only our local bar, but that of the State ha- - 
a severe loss in his removal. 

"Coming, as he did. a mere youth from the gymnasium in Nordhausen, he promptl) 
secured work on the "New York Staats-Zeitung." From New York he came I 
Harbor City. Atlantic County, where his pronounced ability made him easily the leading 
man of what was at that time only a settlement. Through his energy and applied knowledge 
the county has gained vastly in productive industry and at large, and owe- him a debt which 
it will take a long time to pay. 

"While he entered hi- chosen profession late in life, his progress was rapid and he soon 
•commanded the respect of his brethren for his keen perception of the law and the systematic 
and prompt manner in which the detail- of ln- office were conducted. He was zealous in 
behalf of his clients, true to his profession, and above all. an honest man. 

"He took great interest in the organization of tin- Association and was its fir-t 
President." 



ROBERT E. STEPHANY. 

Robert E. Stephany was born at Egg Harbor City. X. J., on October 6, 1S72. and grad- 
uated from the public schools of that city in 188;. He removed to Atlantic City, where he 
entered the office of his father. August Stephany. as law student, and was admitted to the 



BIOGRAPHY 507 

bar as an attorney in November, [894, and as a coun ellor in November, [897. He becami 
1 ociated with his father on January 1. (895, under the firm name of A. Stephany & Son, 
which existed until the elder Mr. Stephany's death. Mr. Stephany is now continuing the 
business of the late firm, ^t the March election oi [900 hi wa elected citj recorder, a 
position u hich he mi isl icci ptablj fills. 



W. BLAIR STEWART 

Dr. W. Blair Stewart, physician and author, the subject of this sketch, was born at 
Middle Spring, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, March 6, [867. His early education w 
received at the public schools of that vicinity, later af the Chambersburg Academy, from 
which lu- entered Dickinson 1 ollege and remained there four years, graduating with the 
degrees of Ph. I! and \ M. H< then took a four years' coin-.- al thi Medico 1 hirurgical 
College of Philadelphia, and graduated in [890. Dr. Stewart then commenced practice at 
Bryn Mawr. Pennsylvania, remaining there four years. 

Having very flattering inducements offered him to locate al Atlantic Cuy. he concluded 
to come here, associating himself with Dr. Boardman Reed 

Dr. Stewart, since his residence here, has always taken an active interest in matters 
tending towards the advancement of the city's interest. He is a member of the medical 
staff of the Atlantic City Hospital, and has done much towards organizing thai institution 
For eighl years Dr. Stewart has occupied the (hair of Pharmocology and Physiological 
Action of Drugs, and as Assistant Professor at his Alma Mater. 

In politics he is a Republican, a member of the American Academy of Medicine. 
American Medical Association, President of the Atlantic County Medical Society, Vici 
President of the \i lantii Citj Vcademy of Medicine, a thirty-second degree M-ason, Knight 
Templar, and member of Lulu Temple, \ \ < ). N. M. S. of Philadelphia. 

As an authoi l'i Stewart has attained prominence in his profession, his 1 k, "A Syn 

Qpsis oi Practice oi Medicine," having reached the second edition. 

Dr. Stewart is happily married and resides on Pacific avenue, in the residence which 

he purchased from ins former partner and associate, Dr. Boardman Reed. 



ARTHUR II STILES. 
Arthur II. Stiles, the well known contractor and builder, was born in the town of 
Lincoln, Lincolnshire Comity. England, October 4. [860. At the age of twelve years he 
came to this country with his parents, who, after living three years in Philadelphia, moved 
to this 1 n> I xcepting five years, when he lived in Tacoma. Washington, the subject ol 
this sketch has lived in this city ever since, working at the trade of his father, that of a 
brickmason, building some of the finest structures on the island. The Steuber block at 
Indiana avenue, Dr. Cuskaden and II II Deakyne's drug stores, and Bleak House on the 
beach are some of the buildings which he has erected. Mr. Stiles is active and prominent 
in society circles He is a member of Trinity Lodge, F and A. \l . and Trinity Chapter, 
a member of Webster Lodge, K. of P., of the Brotherhood of the Union, the Degree oi 
Pocahontas, and of Pequod Tribe, Imp. O. K. M. At present Brother Stiles is Great 
Sachem of the Great Council of the State ol New Jersey and a verj efficient and popular 
officer. He is a membei ol the local Hoard of Health and well qualified to till anj official 
position. On October [2, [887, he was happily married to Mary \Y., daughter ol 1 
Jesse and Deborah Sinners, and has one child. John Somers Stiles, who was |„,rn I li tobi I 

2, [888. 



FR WKI.I X P. ST( )Y. 
Franklin P. Stoy, Mayor of this city, was born at Haddonfield, X J . January, 1854. 
He was educated in the public schools ol Camden County. X. J., and at the age of twentj 
three he accepted a position as superintendent ol tin Union fransfei Company, by whom 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

he has been employed ever since. On account of his health, in 1S81. he was sent to this- 
city as manager for the company, a position which he still holds. 

Till 1882 he was in this city only during the summer months, but since then the vastly 
increasing transfer of baggage has kept him here all the year around. He came as an in- 
valid and remains as a stalwart and useful citizen of extensive influence and acquaintance 
with the ' traveling public. 

He served as a member of Council in 1891-2-3. till he was elected Mayor, serving four 
years, till 1898. He was re-elected in March. 1900. He had long noticed as a public official 
the necessity for a city hospital, and was active in promoting such an institution. He was 
•he first President of the Board of Hospital Governors when they organized. April 
9. 1897. and has been re-elected each year since. He is a Past Master of Trinity Lodge and 
a member of all the Masonic orders. He is a member of several other orders, the Elks and 
the Golden Eagles, and has a helping hand for all good works. In politics he is a Republi- 
can, and in religion a Methodist. He is happily married and has a model home on Pacific 
avenue. 



JESSE P.. THOMPSON. 

Prominent among those who have been largely interested in the advancement of Atlantic 
City, stands Jesse B. Thompson. M. D . the subject of this sketch. 

To the growth of the section of the city known as Chelsea. Dr. Thompsons efforts have 
been largely directed, and to no other one agency is so much due for its rapid growth and 
development. Born at Hurffville. Gloucester County. New Jersey. January 17. 1S57. his early 
education was received in the common schools of that district. At the age of seventeen he 
ool and accepted a position as clerk in a store, and acted in that capacity in various 
towns adjacent to the home of his birth. After some deliberation he decided to enter one 
of the professions, and finally selected that of medicine as being the one by which he could 
nefit his fellowmen. 

He then took a course at the University of Pennsylvania, and was admitted to practice 
in May. 1888. Alter his admission he selected Atlantic City as a place which afforded ex- 
cellent opportunities. 

Dr. Thompson was highly successful from the start, and built up a large and lucrative 
practice. After some years, realizing the possibilities in advancing real estate, he gave a 
great deal of his attention to that field. He then became interested in Chelsea, which was 
practically an undeveloped tract of land. Believing this to In- a valuable tract for the future 
rise in values, he had the courage of his convictions and invested very largely. Later days 
have demonstrated Dr. Thompson's foresight and courage, as values have risen very 
largely and Chelsea is now one of the most desirable parts of our beautiful city. 

In politics and religion he is independent. 

Dr. Thompson's latest venture was in Hotel Chelsea, which was so successful the first 
season it opened; 1S09. that an extension trebling its first capacity has been added. 



JOSEPH THOMPSON 

Hon. Joseph Thompson, the son of William W. and Hester T. Pennington Thompson, 
was born at Mays Landing. September 21. 1853. He received his early education in his 
native town and studied law under Alden C. Scovel of Camden, and William Moore of 
Mays Landing. In 1878 he was admitted to the New Jersey Bar as an attorney, and in 
[883 a- a counsellor. Since 1S80. when he came to Atlantic City, he has held several im- 
portant public offices. In 1SS1 he was made tax collector of the county: in [882 solicitor 
for the Board of Chosen Freeholders, in which position he has been retained ever since. 
He succeeded Alex. H. Sharo as p-osecutor of the pleas for Atlantic County, filling the 



BIOGRAPHY 509 

■office from 1882 to iSo_> In the latter year, he was appointed law judge of the county by 
Governor Wttrts. holding the position until April, 1898, when he was elected Mayoi 

He i- one of the directors of the Second National Bank, also the Atlantic Safe Deposit 

and Trust Company. He is solicitor for both of these corporations, with wl rganization 

In- was identified. He is one of the managers ol the State Hospital foi the In ane, at Tren- 
ton, having been appointed in March, [898. by Governor Voorhees He is likewise a mem 
her of the State Board of Taxation b) grai e ol tin same appointing powi 1 

Mayor Thompson is a shrewd politician, alert business man and an aggressive attorney 
He has made a specialty of corporation law and has been solii itor foi one or both railroad* 
leading to this city for many years. 



WILBUR R. TILT! IN. 

Wilber R, Tilton, the well-known cashier of the Hammonton Bank, 1- the son of the 
late Peter S Tilton, and was born at Bakersville, March _'4- '857. He finished his education 
at Bryant & Stratton's Business College, and foi everal yeai wa a ociated with his father 
in the management of a general countrj store Since [887 he has been cashier of the 
People's Hank. lie is identified with other busines inten 1 and commands the respect 
and confidence of his fellow citizens throughout the country, wherever he is known 



CHARLES EDW \KI> ULMER. 

Charles Edward Ulmer, M. 1) .. was born in I llsworth, near Bangor, Maine, on Sep 
tember 8, [857, and died in \il.mn I ity January 15. [898. His lather was Levi (Jlmei on 
of George Tinier, a Revolutionary officer. His mother was Harriet .1 Lord, a direct de- 
scendant of Stephen Hopkins, who came to this country in the Mayfiowei 

The Doctor's parents moved to Philadelphia when he was quite young. His early 
scholastic training was had in the Boys' Central High School, of which he was a graduate. 
He next entered the Philadelphia Dental College, graduated, and became Demonstrator of 
Chemistry in that institution. Later he studied at the University of Pennsylvania for the 
degree ol Doctor of Philosophy, but abandoned it in 1880 to come to Vtlantii City, where 
for ten years he practice. I successfully as a dentist. In [890 he was graduated from the 
i.M.i -on Medical College and soon gained a large practice. 

The I). .dor was City Physician for several years, until impaired health compelled him 
to relinquish practice. At the time of his death he was a member of the Hoard ol Edui ation 

(in August i.>. [896, he married Helen, daughtei ..1 Henrj l> Smith, formerly of 
Brigantine Beach. 

In the practice of medicine he was most successful, and at all times a close student. 
With a passionate love for his profession, combined with a winning personality and u'cntle- 
ncss of maimer, he was an ideal physician and one ol the most popular and Successful prac 
titioners in this citj 



S. HUDSt )N VAUGHN. 

S. Hudson Vaughn, architect of this city, is the son of Capt, Daniel F, Vaughn, of 
Mays Landing, where he was horn, August 25, 1871. He was educated in the public 
and at Spring Garden Institute, Philadelphia, and found employment with various archi- 
tect before hi accepted the position of superintendent ol buildings for the I ndustrial Land 
Company ol New York, which erected seventy cottages and several Eai torii .1 Maj I and 
inn previous to [894, when he became 1 ociated with the late William G. Hoopes in this 
city. Upon the death of Mr. Hoopes, Mr Vaughn succeeded him in the business and has 



510 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

been very successful. He was the architect of the Allen apartment building, the Currie 
building, the Chelsea school house, the County Asylum at Smiths Landing, Bleak House, 
the Conrow and Rochford apartment blocks, and various other important buildings and 
private residences. 

On September 22, 1892. Mr. Vaughn married Mrs. Lida P. Eldredge. of Cape May 
City, and occupies a fine home in Chelsea. 



CHARLES FREDERICK WAHI. 

Charles Frederick Wahl. the enterprising shoe merchant, is the youngest of the three 
sons of the late John Conrad and Mary Struchen Wahl, and was born at Egg Harbor City, 
June 16. 1858. The two older brothers. John C. Wahl. Jr.. and William Frederick Wahl 
of this city, are also shoe dealers. The father was one of the early pioneers of Egg Harbor 
City, coming from Wittenberg. Germany, and spending his first few years in Boston and 
Xew York. 

The son was educated in the public schools, in both German and English branches, and 
came to Atlantic City with his father in 1871. to be the third shoe dealer to locate here, his 
predecessors being the late Joseph J. Shinnen and the veteran John Harrold. W-ahl's shoe 
store at Yirginia and Atlantic avenues was a landmark for more than twenty years. 

In 1892. the son succeeding his father in the active management of the business, moved 
to the larger Tower Hall shoe store at the corner of Pennsylvania avenue, where the busi- 
ness has since been conducted with metropolitan enterprise and success. 

In 1889 Mr. Wahl married Martha F. Lippincott, and has three children. Wendell Phil- 
lips. Hildegard Mary and Helen Gould. He is considerably interested in real estate and 
devotes his energies closely to his large and prosperous trade. He is a member of American 
Star Lodge of Odd Fellows, a trustee of Central M. E. Church, which he helped to organize, 
and in which he has taken an active interest. 



JOHN S. WESTCOTT. 

John S. Westcott. Esq., who has been City Recorder since March. 1898. was born in this 
city May 4. 1866. He is the youngest son of the late Arthur and Mary' A. Westcott. His 
lather was a carpenter and builder, and for twenty years or more was the assessor of this 
city. His ancestors were of English descent, his grandfather coming from New England. 
He was a commissioned officer in the Mexican war, and became the owner of considerable 
property in this county. 

The subject of this sketch was educated in the public schools and studied law with Hon. 
Joseph Thompson, then Prosecutor of the Pleas of this county. He was admitted to the 
bar in June, 1888. and has been very successful in the practice of law. He was solicitor for 
the City Board of Health nine year:.. In 1889 he was elected Coroner and served a term as 
chairman of the Board of Assessors. He has been engaged in many important suits and is 
prominent and active in the Republican party. He is a member of Trinity Lodge and 
Trinity Chapter. R. A. M. He is an Elk, an Odd Fellow and a Red Man. He married Mary 
E. Corcoran, of Philadelphia, and occupies a fine home on Ocean avenue. 



ALFRED W. WESTNEY. 

One of the younger members of the Atlantic City medical fraternity is Dr. Alfred W. 
Westney, who was born June 9. 1874. in Philadelphia, his parents being John and Mary 
Westney, who now reside at Palmyra. New Jersey. 

He attended the public schools or" his native city and graduated with the degree of 



BIOGRAPHY. 511 

Bachelor of Arts at the Central High School, after which he entered Hahnemann Medical 
College and graduated in the first four years' course of that institution. In 1897 he re- 
ceived an appointment as senior house surgeon and physician at Hahnemann Hospital, 
where he served a little over a year. For several years prior to this and. in fact, while a 
student, he served in a number of dispensaries at the hospital, and is a graduate of the 
Lying-in. In [898 lie came to Atlantic City, locating at 1302 Pacific avenue, where he has 
a cosy office. 

Dr. Westney has a pleasing personality, is an enthusiast and a member of a number of 
medical societies, of which might be mentioned the Phi Alpha Gamma, and the American 
Institute of Homoeopathy. 



DANIEL S. WHITE, Jr. 

Daniel S. White. Jr., owner and proprietor of Hotel Traym'ore, was horn near Mount 
Holly, N. J., in 1853. He was educated in the public schools and rn Philadelphia. His 
father for 17 years was superintendent of Indian affairs in Nebraska, and the son served 
lii 111 as clerk, also as Indian trader and dealer in general merchandise for some years in 
Iowa and Nebraska. In [886 he came east and with his father-in-law, W. W. Green, ami 
his brother-in-law. G. E. Knight, purchased the Hotel Traymore of .Mrs. M. E. Il<. ipi 
To the management of the hotel Mr. White has devoted his exclusive attention ever since. 
till at present he is the sole owner, and the property is several tunes more valuable than 
when he first knew it. Hotel Traymore is an all-the-year house, has accommodations for 
400 guests and is often unable to meet the demand upon it fur rooms In success is chiefly 
due to the careful business methods and liberal management of Mr. White. 



II \UKY W( >< )TTI >\ 

Harry Wootton, one of the most popular young men in Atlantic City, is a son of the 
late Henry and Anne J. Eldredge Wootton, ami grandson of the late Jonah Wootton and 
the late Lemuel Eldredge. who were prominent in the affairs of Atlantic City since its 
early days. He married in 1895, Mary Marshall Down, daughter of I, A. Down, ex-County 
Clerk of Atlantic County. 

He is a graduate of the Atlantic City High School, being a member of the class of 
1886. He studied law in the offices of Hon. Joseph Thompson, after which he attended 
Columbia College, New York, and in 1892 received the degree of LL.B. from the New 
York law school. In the same year he was admitted to the Par of the State .if New Jersey, 
since which time he has practiced law. acquiring a valuable practice. lie is also a junior 
member of the real estate firm of Devine and Wootton. who have one of the largest real 
estate clientages in South Jersey. He is actively identified with the Republican party, and 
is a member of many secret societies and social organizations of Atlantic City. 



JONAH WOOTTON. Sr. 

Jonah Wootton. Sr., one of the early pioneers of this city, was born in Bloxwich, Staf- 
fordshire. England. February -'4. [814. He was the son of Samuel and Elizabeth Wootton, 
and was one of a family of twenty-one children. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Wil- 
liam and Mary Whitehouse. and was a painter and builder by trade and occupation. He 
came to this country in 1844. landing in Baltimore where he lived four years before moving 
to Philadelphia, tie moved to this city 111 1858, having then completed Light House Cot- 
tage .11 tie' ocean end of Massachusetts avenue, which, when moved later to escape the en- 
croachments of the ocean, became known as the St. Charles, standing near Delaware and 



DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

urchased the entire s 
S; : tehouse. a brother of Mrs 

setts ed December 

2 

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5. i§3j 28, tSaa. ] 21. 1838 

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BIOGRAPHY 513 

peculiar career as an intrepid soldier and .1 warm advoi ite ol President I iri 
Many incidents are related which vividly portray a strong decision of character and indi- 
viduality which make successful men no matter what their vocation may be. Elias Wright's 
service during the rebellion is a record of which he maj be justly proud, and the many 
attestations from his supet 1 prove the opinion in which they held his courage 

and abili Wright entered the service as Second Lieutenant oi Companj G, 4th 

New Jersej Volunteer [nfantry, August [7, 1861 Promoted to First Lieutenant, Companj 
I). Januarj 3, [862. Captured at Gaines Mill. Virginia, fane 27, 1862, and imprisoned in 
Richmond, Virginia. Exchanged August 5, 1862. Wounded at ( rampton Pass, Maryland, 
September 14. [862 Promoted to a Captaincy, December, [862; Major, June, [863; Lieu 
tenant-Colonel, \|ml. [864; Colonel, August, [864; Brevet Brigadier-General U S. Volun- 
teers, January. [865, and confirmed by the Senate at that time for gallant and meritorious 
services during the war. The following enumeration oi armj service will doubtless be 
of interest: 

He was on duly near Washington, D. C, until March 7. (862; moved to the Peninsula, 
April 4th: in action at West Poi Max ;th: Seven Days' battle, June ..sth-July 

1st: battle of Gaines Mill. June 27th. where he was captured and imprisoned at Libby 
Prison for seven weeks He was in action again <>u the Plains of Manassas and Bull Run 
Bridge, August 27, [862; battle ol Chantilly, Septembet tst: Maryland Campaign, Septem- 
-20th; battle of Crampton's Pass, Maryland, September 14th. where in leading the 
1 in the charge up the mountain he was badly wounded Battle ol Vntietam, Sep 
tember i6th 17th: battle ol Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 1 .^th- 1 5th : Chancellorsville 
Campaign, April a8th-May 6th; battle of Salem Heights, May .;d-.|th: expedition to South 
Mills, December sth-20th, [863: battle with Fitzhugh Lee's Cavalry, May 21st; battle of 
Chafrm's Farm, September 20th-30th; expedition against Fort Fisher in December, (864, 
and January, [865; commanded a brigade from October* [864, to the end of his service; 
commanding a brigade of five regiments in March, (865, he had the advance of Gen. Terry's 
army up the Peninsula from Fort Fisher to Wilmington. Near the latter place the enemy 
under Gen. Bragg made a stubborn resistance, where the subject of this sketch was shot 
through the right arm. which 1 ver afti r paralyzed that limb. M the surrender of Johnson's 
army near Durham. North Carolina, April. 1865; Provost-Marshal oi New Heme. North 
1 : mi. May and June. 1865. 

The brigade having been ordered to Texas he resigned and went home, and was im 
mediatelj taken into service by his former employer, Stephen Colwell. General Wright 
held .1 -In commissions in the volunteer .inn), two ol them .1- Captain, and rising, as a hove 
stated, to the rank of Brevet Brigadier-General of the U. S. Volunteei 1 H these he asked 
only for the rank of Captain. 

Alter the war was over he was assigned by Mr. Colwell as surveyor and engineer and 
partially as manager of Mr Colwell's business, with headquarters at Weymouth, Atlantic 
County. Xew Jersey. He continued that work until [873, when lie was engaged bj Joseph 

Wharton ol Philadelphia, 1 anage In- estate of more than too.ooo acres oi land in Xew 

Jersey, in which work he is still interested II of the titles extend back to [720, 

covering manj owners and many conditions, with the result that great credit is due to the 
ability ot General Wright. No othei land ownei m that region has ever undertaken such a 
tremendous task, in the successful outcome of which tin General takes a jusl pride. It is 
an enduring monument to his industry end energj and also to the tenacity ol purpo 1 ol 
Joseph Wharton, who has saved much trouble for his successors by clearing up the titles 
and boundary lines in Southern Xew Ji 

In politics the General is an uncompromising Republican, though he 1 oppo 1 1 to 
voting in the field and still does not believe that oldiers, either volunteer or regulars, should 

be allowed 30 to vote, He does not believe in the demonetizatioi Ivet a monej ol 

redemption. 

General Wright is a believer in thorough education, but has no superstitious reverence 



514 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

for mere literary culture as contrasted with practical training in affairs. He believes in the 
employment of men and women equally as teachers, and yet is decided in his belief that 
our public school system suffers, not only from incompetent officers, but from an undue 
proportion of women teachers. He has never had the time nor the disposition to contend 
for political preferment, and has. therefore, held but few offices, but he has had sundry occa- 
sions to look into the accounts and doings of political henchmen, and he regrets the knowl- 
edge so acquired. He has no denominational affiliations. 



WTLLARD WRIGHT. 

W'illard Wright. M. D., who died at his home in this city. September 8. 1895. was the 
son of Anson P. Wright, a farmer, and was bom in the town of Durham. Green County. 
X. Y., July 18. 1832. He was the youngest of six sons in a family of nine children. His 
brothers were Calvin. Bradford. Anson B.. George, and Elias. and his sisters were Mary A.. 
Henrietta, and Ellen B. He received his early training on the farm and in the district 
school. He taught school for several years, like many other young men from the Knick- 
erbocker country, and finally studied medicine in Chicago and Philadelphia, and settled 
for practice in Illinois. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he raised a company of 
cavalry and entered the service as Captain. October 10. 1861. and saw active service in the 
State of Missouri. Owing to sickness contracted by exposure, from which he never fully- 
recovered, he resigned and was honorably discharged July 20, 1862. Returning east he set- 
tled at Pleasantville and resumed the practice of his profession, having a drug store at 
Absecon and an extensive practice along the shore. He soon became recognized as one of 
the best physicians and one of the influential men of the county. 

For his second wife he married Annie M. Frambes, November 21, 1864. In 1871 he 
associated himself with Dr. Rex Smith and opened a drug store in this city, at 910 Atlantic 
avenue. Two years later he moved to this city to reside permanently and opened a drug 
store at 931 Atlantic avenue, where he lived lor a number of years. He succeeded John J. 
Gardner as Mayor of Atlantic City in l8/6-'77, also in 1879 and 1881. and again in 1886. He 
was one of the active and influential friends and advocates of the Narrow Gauge railroad, 
which gave him considerable prestige and popularity. He was also largely instrumental as 
Mayor in securing an ample supply of water for this city at a time wdien the injurious 
effects of a water famine and the lack of fire protection were halting the progress of the 
town. As a physician he appreciated the value of a good water supply, and fearlesslj faced 
strong opposition in doing what he felt to be an important duty. 

He was twice appointed Postmaster ot this city by President Cleveland, and filled ac- 
ceptably this very trying and difficult position. Dr. Wright's kindness and generositj were 
proverbial. His drug store when he was personally in charge was almost a free dispensary, 
and his failure to collect or to urge the collection of thousands of dollars due him for drugs 
and professional services kept him poor. While he had a fortune in outstanding bills he- 
w-as often hard pressed financially till his salary as postmaster made him more comfortable. 

As a public man. intensely interested in his home town, his integrity was at times as- 
sailed by his opponents. But he died poor, a friend of the poor, generous and kind, a 
proof that his best years and his gnat ability had been devoted unselfishly to the service 
of his fellow man. As a physician he had few equals. He saved many a hie ami cured 
many a doubtful case. In politics and religion he was liberal. 

He was a great reader and enjoyed the discussion of metaphysical subjects. He was a 
Greeley Republican, who, like thousands of others, were Democrats after 1872. As a public 
man and a family physician few have contributed so much of their tunc talent and means 
for the benefit of others 111 this city as Dr. Willard Wright. 



BIOGRAPHY. 515 



JOHN L. Y< >UNG 



Captain John I... son of the late James Young, is a representative Jerseyman and suc- 
cessful citizen, who occupies a niche of his own in the history of Atlantic I ity. He was 
born at Absecon, September 25, 1853, and has spent most of his life on this island, achiev- 
ing fortune and popularity by dint of his own genius. Till he was fifteen years old his home 
was among the wild sand lulls at South Atlantic, where his grandfather, under Capt. Charles 
Bates, was employed in the coast survey. Here during the impressionable years of bis 
boyhood, wild nature was his public school, and he became familiar with the facts of the 
natural history of the region which have been ol 50 great use to him ever since 

No man is better versed in the habits and peculiarities of the fish and wild fowls, ol 
the action of tides and currents and changes of the weather and seasons, than he, No man 
1- more skillful with gun or boat, or more at home and in his element where the Atlantic 
lashes the continent. 

Mr. Young was a nephew of tin- late Hon. John I.. Bryant, and learned of him the 
trade of carpenter and builder. He worked at his trade in this city for some years, and no 
longer ago than [885 served the city as life guard and police officer at forty dollar- per 
month. In the fall of that year he formed a partnership with Stewart R. McShea. Their 
successful and extensive deals in beach front property are referred to elsewhere. Mr. Young 
has visited California and viewed the natural wonders of his native land. He is happily 
married and occupies a beautiful home on the shore, or in his cottage over the ocean where 
the associations of a lifetime in all their perfection are combined m his ocean pier and it- 
special attractions. 



MAURICE DECKER YOUNGMAN. 

Maurice Decker Youngman, M. D., was born in Kingston, X. Y., March _»,l. [858. His 
early education was obtained in the public schools of Xew York City and at the University 
of New York, where he graduated. He studied medicine with Dr, Abraham Crisp. II. . . 1 
Kingston, and graduated at the New York Homoeopathic Medical College in 1SS0. Owing 
to the ill health of his wife he visited the pine region of New Jersey, spending a lew- months 
.11 Lakewood, Manchester and Toms River previous to coming to this city, May [8, r.881. 
He came at the suggestion of Dr. O. H. Crosby, and first opened an office on Atlantic 
avenue below Indiana. At the end of his first year he moved to his present location on 
Pacific avenue. He has for many years been a member of and secretary of the city board of 
health, and for a number of years was the local representative of the State Board of Health- 
He has issued many pamphlets on Atlantic City as a resort for invalids, one of which has 
had a run of five editions. In [889 he served on a special committee to correct and coun- 
teract the mendacious reports of destruction by storm sent out From this city by sensa- 
tional reporters. He is a member of several medical societies, also a member ol Trinity 
Lodge, I", and A. M. 



ALFRED WILLI VMS 11 VILA. 

Alfred Williams Baily, M. D.. one of our best known physicians is the son of Rev. 
Thomas Loyd Baily, and was born near West Chester. Penna., October [8, [857. He was 
edui ated in the public schools and at Westtown, Academy, and graduated from Hahnem inn 
Medical College, .March. 1886. He located in this city the following September, and has 
been very successful in his practice ever since. He was 1 lei ted president of the Xew Jersej 
Homoeopathic Medical Society in 180.1. and has taken an active interest in that organiza- 
tion. He is one of the most active workers of the Homoeopathic Club of this City and 
during the year 1899 was the very active and efficient President of the Board of Health 



516 DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY. 

SMITH CONOVER. 

Smith Conover. the well-known grocer of Atlantic. City, was born at Oceanville. N. J.. 
July 4. 1850. He was one of the eight children of Eliakim Conover and Sophia Smith. 
The sons were Charles. James. Elmer. Smith. Lemuel. Josiah and Samuel. The sister was 
Sarah and lives in Philadelphia. Lemuel only is dead. The early education of the subject 
of this sketch was gained mostly in the country" store of his father and that of his uncle. 
John V. Conover. at Oceanville. H e came to Atlantic City in 1868 and found employment 
in the grocery store of Lewis Reed. Jr.. on Atlantic avenue, above Maryland avenue. Here 
he continued five years till 1873. when he accepted the position oi bookkeeper at the Di>- 
ston lumber mill. In 1876 he opened a grocery srore on his own account in a property 
leased 01 Henry YVootton. which he purchased later and still occupies at Virginia and At- 
lantic avenues. 

For eighteen years he was a member and an officer in the First M. E. Church till six 
years ago when he transferred his membership to Central M. E. Church. He was identified 
with the first building association when it started and has been a director, vice-president or 
president most of the time since. H e is one of the directors and the vice-president of the 
Union National Bank and is one of the conservative, representative business men of the 
town. 



HENRY HECKLER. 



Henry Heckler, owner and proprietor oi Hotel Heckler, the largest and leading Ger- 
man-American hotel in this city, is one of our progressive citizens. He was born in 
Baden. Germany, September 10. 18+2. and was the son of Dr. Charles Heckler. He came 
to this country at the age of seventeen, first settling at Lancaster. Pa., where he remained 
a few months. He then moved to Philadelphia, locating at Second and Race streets, where 
he continued his business as a barber for more than twenty years. He moved to this 
city in 1881 and engaged in the hotel business, renting of Mrs. Annie Mehler what for 
years was known as the Forrest House, at North Carolina and Atlantic avenues. In 1802 
Mr. Heckler purchased what was known as the Ashland House property, at the corner of 
Pennsylvania avenue. This large and valuable property has been made profitable and more 
valuable by Mr. Heckler, who has catere 1 successfully to the German- American trade. 
For years he has been a member of various German and social organizations, both in this 
city and in Philadelphia. He is an Elk. a Redman, a Good Fellow and a member of the 
Maennerchor and Turn Yerein. and is widely known as a hospitable, public spirited man. 
He lias never held any public position, but. yielding to the solicitation of friends, in 1895 
he became a candidate for Council and made a highly creditable contest in a strong Repub- 
lican ward. He takes a lively interest in public affairs, and is regarded by all who know 
him as a true friend and a safe advisor. 

On October 16. 1863. he was married to Elizabeth Fritz, an American-born German wo- 
man, who has been his faithful helpmate ever since and has borne him three sons. Charles. 
William and Harry. 



SAMUEL D. HOFFMAN. 

Samuel D. Hoffman was born in Auburn. Salem County, February i~ . 1850. He fin- 
ished his scholastic education as a graduate of the State Normal school at Trenton and for 
several years thereafter was a teacher. While principal of the public schools at May's 
Landing he was one of the county examiners under county superintendents Wight and 
There also he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1881 as an attorney and 



BIOGRAPHY. .-,17 

in i ss l >i- a counsellor. He relinquished school duties and opened a law office in Atlantic 
City in 1883 and the following year was chosen alderman. He was next elected city school 
superintendent, serving till he was elected mayor in 1887. a position to which he was twice 
re-elected serving five years. He was elected assemblyman in November, 1891. and the 
Following year was elected state senator over William Riddle, who received 3,128 votes to 
3,183 for Hoffman: 252 for Turner. Prohibitionist. .Mr. Hoffman's plurality, after a 
sharp contest, was declared to be 55. 

In 1895 Mr. Hoffman was re elected State Senator by a plurality of 636 over C. F. 
Osgood. In 1895 he was appointed county school superintendent, a position which he -till 
holds. He is one of the leading Republicans of the county and has been very successful. 



NICH( )LAS JAMES JEFFRIES. 

Nicholas James Jeffries, the well known bathing master at the foot of Maryland ave- 
nue, in Atlantic City, is a typical Jerseyman, a native of Atlantic county. He was born 
neat Somers' Point on April 1. [860, and received hi- education in the public schoo 
111 tin- boats and bay- of his locality. He followed the sea for a number of years till, find- 
ing that avocation unpromising and unprofitable, he moved to Atlantic City about [887 
and engaged in business. In 189.} he leased the ground at the foot of Maryland avenue 
which he has since purchased and embarked in the bathing business. He ha- Inn, ven 
successful Hi- generous spirit and liberal, progressive idea-, have made him a host of 
friends and he is up-to-date in his business. Old ocean, which he knows so well, is con- 
stantly adding to the value of his beach front possessions, 'in November 1. [888, lie mar- 
ried Miss Rebecca Godfrey of Palermo, Cape May County, a sister of lawyer B. C God 
frey of Atlantic City. They have a fine home at No. 145 St. Charles Place 



\D< »LPH SCIILECHT. 

Adolph Schlecht, one of our representative German citizens, was born in Baden. Ger- 
many, in 1852. He was educated in the German and Swiss schools, and came to this 
country in 1870. He at once became associated with the late Alois Schautler. in the man- 
agement of his hotel in this city. He married Miss Schaufler, daughter of his employer, and 
continued there ever since as lessee or proprietor. 

In the management of Schaufler 's Hotel and the Inlet Pavilion he has been associated 
with Col. John E. Mehrer, and the two have always been liberal public spirited citizens. 
Mr. Schlecht is a member of Trinity Lodge and Chapter. In politics he is an indepi ndi nt 
Republican. 




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